the story of Harsa has been related by Bana and not by Harşa himself. The three-fold division of karman into nirvartya, vikarya and präpya in the Kavyadarśa has been taken from the Vakyapadiya of Bhartṛhari (c. 600-50 A. D.), and the fact can- not be explained away by saying that the work has simply adopted a current doctrine. As both Bana and Bharthari lived in the first half of seventh century A. D.,' this period may be fixed as the upper terminus of the date of the Kavyadarsa. The lower limit of the Kavyadarśa's date is furnished by the Siya-bas-lakara and the Kavirajamarga as also by the works of Bhamaha and Vamana. Siya-bas-lakara, the Simhalese work on Rhetoric by the king Sena I or Silameghavarnasena, who cannot be placed in any case later than 9th century A. D., refers to Dandin as one of its authorities and profusely draws upon his work." Kavirajamarga, the oldest extant work on Poetics in Kannada, ascribed to the Rastrakūta prince Amogha- varsa Nṛpatunga (815-75 A. D.), adopts a good deal of matter from the Kävyädarśa and exhibits its great influence throughout 1. Cp. KA I. 25; cp. Hari Chand (Kalidasa et l'art poetique de l' Inde, p. 81) who pointed out that Taruna (on KA I. 25) suggested the view. Keith, however, does not accept the suggestion (cp. ISHL pp. 182-4). 2. Cp. KA II. 240; cp. Väkya. III. 45 f.; Patanjali does not divide karman into different varieties. The comms. Helārāja and Bhütiraja tell us that the division was evolved out of the sutra by Bhartṛhari himself and this view is confirmed by Kaiyata; cp. Pathak : IA, xli, p. 237; also cp. De : HSP, I, pp. 61-2 3. See Keith (ISHL pp. 168-9) who holds the view. 4. Cp. Keith HSL p. 315 (for Bana) and p. 429 (for Bharthari) 5. Acc. to Mahavamsa, he reigned from 846 to 866 A.D.; cp. Barnett: JRAS, 1905, p. 841. Acc. to G. C. Mendis and Geiger (Early History of Ceylon, 1947, p. 50) his date is 831-51 A.D. Acc. to Nevill, however, the real author of the work was Akbo VI, son of Kasup III, who ascended the throne in 741 A.D.; cp. Barnett, loc. cit. In any way, the Simhalese work is not later than 840 A.D. 6. Its first verse is the same as KA 1. 1; the second verse mentions Dandin along with Käśyapa, Bhāmaha and Vamana; the 4th and 5th verses are identical with KA I. 3-4; almost all the verses of KA I and II are drawn upon in the work; cp. Barnett, op. cit., p. 841; Kane: HSP pp. 99-100; De : HSP, I, pp. 58 ff.
