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2020-10-19T15:56:35Z

Rupert loup: /* Sockpuppet(s) of one TVEBOR */

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== Edit-warring, violation of 3RR rule ==

* {{Vandal|Rupert loup}}

Rupert loup has started hounding me and doing personal attacks, especially [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Contributions/Rupert_loup&offset=&limit=500&target=Rupert+loup since 3 October].

He has done massive edit-warring and broke the 3RR rule. Edit warring is not appropriate, and is disruptive to the project. The massive edit-warring is entirely due to him, and there is no indication that he seeks to build consensus or stop edit-warring.

A simple look at the undo log shows some of it [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?hidebots=1&hidecategorization=1&hideWikibase=1&tagfilter=mw-undo&limit=500&days=7&title=Special:RecentChanges&urlversion=2]

Examples :

*[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/Harsh_Narain&action=history] Rupert is edit-warring to remove my vote [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/Harsh_Narain&oldid=2869008 at the AFD], '''breaking the 3RR rule'''. I doubt that the removal of a vote in an AFD is allowed, and he also deleted my later comment [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/Harsh_Narain&oldid=2869212 here]
*[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/S._K._Malik&action=history] Rupert is edit-warring to remove my [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/S._K._Malik&oldid=2869319 vote] at another AFD. I doubt that the removal of a vote in an AFD is allowed.
*[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Superstitions_in_Muslim_societies&curid=231384&diff=2868341&oldid=2868132] I was making simple improvements to the article like adding better formatting, and Rupert reverts everything with the edit summary "rv to last good version", then he basically deletes the article by merging the content elsewhere and then deleting the merged content because he claims that the moved content has now become "tangential".
* [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Rupert_loup&diff=prev&oldid=2869043] deletion of my talkpage comment, doesn't want to have a discussion
*[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_war&diff=prev&oldid=2868316] Personal attack: Calls me a "biased editor", other personal attacks were also done earlier
*[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Union_budget_of_India&curid=230146&diff=2845030&oldid=2844918] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Legitimacy_(political)&diff=prev&oldid=2869605] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=False_equivalence&diff=prev&oldid=2869606] edit warring just to remove NPOV templates
*[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Political_narrative&curid=228285&diff=2871079&oldid=2871070] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=False_equivalence&curid=227526&diff=2871078&oldid=2871071] edit-warring to delete "Vote for deletion" template
*[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_war&diff=2868331&oldid=2868328] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Jihad&diff=2868329&oldid=2868326] I marked an article with "inuse" template to work on it, but this didn't stop Rupert from edit-warring and reverting all my changes without discussion and without edit summary

This is the "inuse" template:

{{inuse}}

yet Rupert Loup even edit-wars there while the article is marked as "inuse". I was shocked that he was doing this and that he couldn't even respect the "inuse" template.

He is clearly the one doing the edit-warring, while I have tried to remain calm, and use the talkpages. Wikis are supposed to be a collaborative environment, and Rupert acts as if he owns the place and the rules are only for others but not for him. He is reverting edits usually without edit-summary and without any talk page discussion. The goal here seems to be for Rupert to turn articles completely in line with his own pov, by simply removing all other opinions, views or pov's on bogus, spurious and made-up reasons (that of course don't apply to the content he is adding), and only leaving his own pov in an article, or by just [https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion#S._K._Malik deleting the article]. Doing this while refusing to seek consensus is also a form of vandalism. I'd like to collaborate with him and get some consensus, but with this abrasive edit-warring on his part, and refusal to accept other views than his own, he makes it currently impossible. --[[User:დამოკიდებულება|დამოკიდებულება]] ([[User talk:დამოკიდებულება|talk]]) 23:39, 4 October 2020 (UTC)
:{{Ping|დამოკიდებულება}} Personal attacks and edit-warring are not acceptable but are not vandalism. This really belongs at [[Wikiquote:Administrators' noticeboard]]. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (ko'''a'''vf)]]❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯ 23:55, 4 October 2020 (UTC)
::Thank you Justin. I have made now moved it here (and added some bit of text). --[[User:დამოკიდებულება|დამოკიდებულება]] ([[User talk:დამოკიდებულება|talk]]) 00:04, 5 October 2020 (UTC)

== Asking for an independent admin look ==

I have recently been engaged in discussion with {{User:Rupert loup}} regarding the removal of sourced quotes across the site with dubious reasons (often citing a lack of notability) that I disagreed with. This is also not the first time this issue has come up with this user (refer to [[User talk:Rupert loup|their talk page]] for other incidents in the past). In attempting to discuss the matter and gain an insight into why the quotes should be removed, the discussion took a turn for the worse and my comments were blanked and I was told not to post any more on their talk page. I still feel the removal of many of the quotes (not all) was unjustified and that this user does not fully understand the criteria for including a quote on our site. I am asking for one of my fellow admins (or several) to take a look and comment - and perhaps even step in as I fear that it is likely impossible for me to resolve this peacefully with this user. Thanks. ~ [[User:UDScott|UDScott]] ([[User talk:UDScott|talk]]) 18:50, 5 October 2020 (UTC)
:I'm going to fill a report in Meta with this and all the other abuse that I received over the months here and your indiference on it. I told you that I don't want you to write in my talk page. It's not civil to make commentaries as "[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/S._K._Malik&diff=2869581&oldid=2869508 solely to satisfy you that the quotes are accurate]." Arguing about notability authors and then talking that the notability of authors is not important according a policy talking out of context, ergo the problem was not if there are notable or not in the first place. And then in my talk page arguing about something when your motive is other is {{w|bad faith}}: sustained form of deception which consists of entertaining or pretending to entertain one set of feelings while acting as if influenced by another. When I call [Edit: stated] that I don't want [Edit: this admin] to engange in bad faith in my talk page the response that I recieved [edit: a letter] is [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/S._K._Malik&diff=2869581&oldid=2869508 "I ''am'' discussing this in good faith. '''I do not believe you are acting in good faith'''"] That was the original motive in the first place. Assuiming bad faith fails [[WQ:FAITH]] "To assume good faith is a fundamental principle on Wikiquote. In allowing anyone to edit, we must assume that most people who work on the project are trying to help it, not hurt it." I'm not obliged to engage with '''bad faith user in my talk page''' (nor anywhere in WQ). Respect my talk page and that I don't want you to write there. Rupert Loup 20:20, 5 October 2020 (UTC)
::I'll comment one more time before leaving it to others to judge...with regard to my comment that you have quoted from, I did of course initially assume good faith with your edits, and have done so for quite some time, even though I have disagreed with some of your removals in the past as well. What I meant by my comment was that your recent actions and the way in which you have argued them have now led me to question whether or not you were in fact acting with good intentions. ~ [[User:UDScott|UDScott]] ([[User talk:UDScott|talk]]) 20:48, 5 October 2020 (UTC)
:::Initially where? What was the excact point? Before or after stating that the notability of the authors didn't matter in the begining and take a policy out of context? We already have that discussion [[User talk:Rupert loup#François-Noël Babeuf|before in 2017]] and you totally ignored me at that time. You also said that you were "quite familiar with WQ:Q". So explain to me why you took out a policy out of context just because you believe that I was acting in bad faith? You don't have to answer, is a rethorical question. It doesn't matter because you already said that you assumed bad faith on me so don't write in my talk page '''ever again.''' You can engage with me here or in the Village pump. Rupert Loup 21:09, 5 October 2020 (UTC)
:* My initial observations about the responses by [[User:Rupert loup|Rupert loup]] are a bit befuddled. There is strenuous objection to some edits on your talk page, but the accompanying links point [[Wikiquote:Votes for deletion/S. K. Malik|somewhere else]]. The overall thrust of the complaint is not very clear to me except that there is some disagreement about the meaning or applicability of some policies where you do not appear to recognize the substance of [[User:UDScott|UDScott]]'s questions and objections. I really do not understand the refusal to communicate with one of Wikiquote's most experienced administrators. I will have more to say on a later date when I have reviewed the history of discussion, edits, and blocks. In the meantime, please provide a link to your '''filing at Meta''', which will hopefully explain the situation more clearly. ~ [[User:Ningauble|Ningauble]] ([[User talk:Ningauble|talk]]) 21:33, 5 October 2020 (UTC)
:::[[User:Ningauble|Ningauble]]: I'm talking about Wikimedia Meta-Wiki, and I'm going to report it if this admin continue to abuse my talk page. First there were the constant abuse by that Australian IP that extended for months, and this admin didn't gave a crap, then was Prapat with the accusations of copyright, the hounding and harassment to try to delete my content becuase he just didn't like it, and now the accusation of vandalism by that forum Shopping, POV pushing, sock-puppeter user that has filling all Wikiquote with extremist content by unreliable and fringe authors like {{w|Koenraad Elst}} and other islamophobics that inspired terrorists like {{w|Anders Breivik}} and {{w|Brenton Harrison Tarrant}}. '''[https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Wikiquote:Administrators%27_noticeboard/Archive/034#Possible_sock_puppetry I raised this issue in 2018]''' and nobody cared. And now that I decided to clean up the mess sudenly [[User:UDScott|UDScott]] is worried about civility and threatened to block me for not want that bad faith edits in my talk page. Why this admin is not concerned for the accusation of vandalism and the forum shopping? That's not disruptive and uncivil? I'm not going to engage with any disingenuous user in WQ. Rupert Loup 22:56, 5 October 2020 (UTC)
::::Speaking of the devil, here is that harasser [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Property&diff=prev&oldid=2869832 IP] again doing block evasion. Are you going to do something about it [[User:UDScott|UDScott]]? Rupert Loup 02:34, 6 October 2020 (UTC)
:::Please stop your personal attacks. Accusing someone of extremism and terrorism is a serious personal attack, and I have also never done abusive sockpuppetry. I have also not complained about extreme anti-India, anti-Hindu, anti-Indian government, pro-Islamist, apologist or anti-liberal-Muslim POV. Your claims about other people are completely false, but this is not the place to go into discussions of random slander and defamations of other people. (This latest comment also seems to be copying the hounding and harassment by Xsapora, an user indef blocked on three wikis for hounding, personal attacks and other things) --[[User:დამოკიდებულება|დამოკიდებულება]] ([[User talk:დამოკიდებულება|talk]]) 23:10, 5 October 2020 (UTC)
The user has also deleted discussions from me and other users on his talkpage and has even deleted other people's votes in AFD discussions ([https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/Harsh_Narain&action=history] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/S._K._Malik&action=history]). Rupert claims "abuse" and "bad faith, when he has not given good faith to other editors on many occasions, and when he himself has made personal attacks against other editors, and has been bullying, stalking, edit-warring and hounding other editors while refusing to seek consensus or to fairly discuss his actions. Rupert is often acting as if he owns this site and is the final arbiter on any content and is for example removing all other opinions, views or pov's on bogus, spurious and made-up reasons (that he of course doesn't apply to the content he is adding), and is doing so with abrasive edit-warring. He acts as if rules are only for others but not for him.

At the recent AFD on S.K. Malik:
#Before nominating an article to AFD, he deleted a lot of content from the article S.K. Malik.
#The AFD comes in the middle of abrasive edit-warring and deletions of sourced content for spurious reasons
#He even deleted my vote in the AFD
#His reasons for deletion in the AFD and in articles are spurious:
##For example, instead of citing wikiquote policies, he cites wikipedia policies, but the requirement for encyclopedic content is not identical to those for quotes, and makes arbitrary claims that are even irrelevant for this type of content (quotes)
##Or deletes content claiming [[WQ:CRITICISM]], when the content (an author's own words) has nothing to do with criticism
##Or often just deleting content citing with no reason at all and no edit summary, and some of his deletions are "camouflaged" with other edits
##Or deleting content because he doesn't like the secondary source when the quote is marked as "SOURCE quoted also in SECONDARY SOURCE" citing arbitrary and irrelevant reasons
##Or deleting content because he claims he cannot verify the quote online. For example in the AFD about Malik, he claims that the source has to be online so that he can verify it online. But in fact an online source should not be used if one wants to be really sure that a quote is really accurate. Only the printed edition of the original book can verify if a quote is really accurate. In any case, it is not a requirement that a source is available online (but in this case, on-line copies can be found if one searches for it)
#Many of the quotes he is adding himself don't satisfy his own criteria that he mandates for others, let alone wikiquote policy. I have noted his additions of non-notable quotes in many high level articles like the articles "Democracy", "Economy", "Power", "State", "Rights", "Violence" and many, many others ([https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Comedy&diff=prev&oldid=2869473] among many other examples)
#Refusal to seek consensus and to accept other views than his own makes it very difficult to work with him. While I have noted such kind of behaviour to other editors previously, it has unfortunately gotten worse.

The bogus claim "can't verify online" has been used by Rupert loup many times to support deletions of sourced content, for example:
*Deletion because [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Kafir&diff=2843522&oldid=2843520 Can't verify] (I'm not familiar with the source, but the link shows that the source exists and can be checked)
*Deletion because [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Kafir&diff=2843517&oldid=2843515 Can't verify] (This is ridiculous: author, title, year and page number are given, and the source is widely available and is very notable)

Another related bogus claim that he uses for deletions is the claim of "fabricated quote" or "failed verification" which he never proves. He made this claim on many articles like Al-Hidayh [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Hidayah&action=history], but actually all the quotes were correct quotes from the Al-Hidaya, and I have been adding them later with online links to the copy to an online source. [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Burhan_al-Din_al-Marghinani&oldid=2870593]. The same bogus claim was made at LGBT_in_Islam and many other pages, see [[Talk:LGBT_in_Islam]].

Rupert claims "bad faith", but when an user who has been many years on Wikiquote uses spurious bogus claims to remove reliably sourced content, and when his claims are not based on actual wikiquote policy and practice, (and by the same criteria, much of his own content would fail!), then one may also ask oneself questions of good faith.

When Rupert loup deletes NPOV templates from articles without any edit summary or discussion [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Legitimacy_(political)&diff=prev&oldid=2869605] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=False_equivalence&diff=prev&oldid=2869606][https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Union_budget_of_India&curid=230146&diff=2845030&oldid=2844918], but at the same time he is regularly adding NPOV templates to articles [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_and_war&diff=next&oldid=2685101] and reverts their removal from articles [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Apostasy_in_Islam&diff=prev&oldid=2871333], then one may also ask oneself questions.

He is deleting quotes on spurious and bogus grounds often without discussion, but when "his" content is removed with a valid reason and discussion on the talkpage, he instantly reverts [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Economics&type=revision&diff=2868155&oldid=2868140] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Comedy&diff=prev&oldid=2869473]. He seems to think that the rules (and often made-up rules) are only for others but not for him.

At the AFD and in articles, another "reason" for deletion is because he doesn't like the secondary source when the quote is marked as "SOURCE quoted also in SECONDARY SOURCE" citing arbitrary and irrelevant reasons. For example, the Hadith and the Hidayah (an important Sharia text) are major Islamic texts, but when a quote from such a text is added with the note "as quoted/attributed in T.P. Hughes", or "also quoted in Ibn Warraq", then he reverts it claiming that he has a problem with the secondary source, because for example, T.P. Hughes (an eminent orientalist) had a Christian bias, or Ibn Warraq has his own biases, and therefore they are not "reliable and independent". But in fact it is standard practice to have attributed quotes in wikiquote, and there are many examples: there are thousands of quotes in wikiquote that are marked as "attributed to", or marked as "quoted in". And then Rupert comes and makes the arbitrary claims that the quotes he doesn't like are not "allowed" because they are attributed. As long as it is clearly marked as an attribution, there should be no problem. Otherwise we couldn't quote even the Hadith, since a common English translation "was published by the Islamic University of Madinah and many have associated the university with the Wahhabi Salafi ideology, and have stated it has exported Salafi-inclined theologians around the world".

And my vote at two recent Votes for Deletion has been deleted by Rupert loup. ([https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/Harsh_Narain&oldid=2869008] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/S._K._Malik&oldid=2869436]) I hope and trust that the closing admin will check the article history and take my vote into account when closing the vote. Everyone has the right to vote. --[[User:დამოკიდებულება|დამოკიდებულება]] ([[User talk:დამოკიდებულება|talk]]) 22:45, 5 October 2020 (UTC)

There were clear warnings given to Rupert loup to stop his edit-warring, including his deletions using spurious and bogus claims, including these warnings:
*[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Rupert_loup&diff=2869680&oldid=2869666 Your removal of my comments represents an uncivil act - and my post contained a warning regarding your continued removal of quotes for dubious reasons. I have attempted to discuss this with you and your latest response was to simply wipe my comments off your talk page. This represents your last warning before you will be blocked if the behavior continues. ~ 18:40, 5 October 2020 (UTC)]
*[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Rupert_loup&diff=2869634&oldid=2869630 And there is no requirement that a quote must receive significant coverage by other sources for its inclusion here. I ''am'' discussing this in good faith. I do not believe you are acting in good faith - you seem to be systematically removing quotes across the site with dubious reasons for doing so. I have tried to discuss this with you before taking other actions. The removal of sourced quotes is a serious action for which it should be easy to explain one's rationale for doing so. I expect that before you continue this course of action that you start discussing the removal of quotes on talk pages before removing them. If you do not, you will face a potential block. ~ 18:25, 5 October 2020 (UTC)]

Rupert loup has continued with the edit-warring and deletions without talkpage discussion (even less than 8 hours after the warnings: [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Mahatma_Gandhi&diff=2869863&oldid=2869862] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Mahatma_Gandhi&diff=2869862&oldid=2869860], which has continued until today [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Mohammad_Habib&diff=2870488&oldid=2870484] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Kafir&curid=214997&diff=2870952&oldid=2870928] etc, and has again deleted content from an ongoing AFD [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=S._K._Malik&curid=231932&diff=2870954&oldid=2870926], has deleted "Vote for deletion" templates [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Political_narrative&curid=228285&diff=2871079&oldid=2871070] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=False_equivalence&curid=227526&diff=2871078&oldid=2871071], has again deleted NPOV templates [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Government_of_India&curid=33176&diff=2870983&oldid=2870976], and has again unilaterally deleted a whole article against consensus without going through a discussion process, see [[Talk:Racism in the Arab world]].

Rupert loup has deleted reliably sourced quotes from the article [[Racism in the Arab world]], including quotes from [[Bernard Lewis]], one of the greatest scholars on Islam, who also wrote well known studies on Racism in the Arab world, so pertains very much to this article, and other scholars like [[w:David Brion Davis|David Brion Davis]], and Murray Gordon, which I have been adding just a few hours ago. All these edit-warring Rupert does without discussing his actions on the talkpage and seeking consensus. Here is the article history [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Racism_in_the_Arab_world&action=history]. --[[User:დამოკიდებულება|დამოკიდებულება]] ([[User talk:დამოკიდებულება|talk]]) 18:00, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
::I fully agree that many of the recent actions taken to remove many quotes are suspect. I am particularly dismayed by the action to change entire pages to redirects, without porting the quotes on them to the the redirect target. This has the effect of deleting an entire page of sourced quotes. There may be issues with individual quotes, but to remove the full page en masse is not recommended practice. Rather than foment a continued edit war, I will defer to other admins for now to comment and address these actions as I wish to remain recused from it given my already ongoing dispute with this user. I trust that an independent review by one of my fellow admins will lead to a resolution. ~ [[User:UDScott|UDScott]] ([[User talk:UDScott|talk]]) 19:34, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
:::Rupert has also previously changed entire pages to redirects, recent examples I've seen are [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Fatawa-e-Razvia&diff=2868997&oldid=2835979] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Superstitions_in_Muslim_societies&type=revision&diff=2869472&oldid=2869437] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Aurat&diff=2762362&oldid=2761954], and without talk page discussion or merger proposals. That is not how a consensus-based process works. He often acts like he owns this place and with this behaviour it seems that the opinions of others and other views don't matter to him. --[[User:დამოკიდებულება|დამოკიდებულება]] ([[User talk:დამოკიდებულება|talk]]) 19:53, 8 October 2020 (UTC)
:::: Rupert is continuing his edit-warring ([https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Kafir&diff=prev&oldid=2871338] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=LGBT_in_Islam&diff=prev&oldid=2871350], etc), and has again deleted [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Racism_in_the_Arab_world&diff=prev&oldid=2871335 the article] [[Racism in the Arab world]], and there is no indication that he will respect the warnings, and start discussing instead of deleting, without discussion or for bogus reasons, properly sourced content that pertains to the page's topic. --[[User:დამოკიდებულება|დამოკიდებულება]] ([[User talk:დამოკიდებულება|talk]]) 15:25, 9 October 2020 (UTC)

I was surprised to see this thread when it was first started yesterday. i did not want to immediately jump in, until I had a chance to check my recollection about my own interaction with [[User:Rupert loup]]. I also do not like to get involved in contentious wiki-discussions for fear of a boomerang.

Having said this I would like to say that I found ''Rupert loup'' to be helpful [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Coronavirus_disease_2019&diff=2770477&oldid=2770473 when I first started editing at wikiquote]. Also, seems to me this user does a lot of work around here. I admire the user's willingness to do the heavy lifting: cleaning up articles. This is something many here (including me) refuse to do because it has the potential of getting one into disagreements. From where I stand I do not believe this user deserves the harsh criticism he has been getting.

That's all I want to say. I hope I have managed to contribute without hurting anyone's feelings. [[User:Ottawahitech|Ottawahitech]] ([[User talk:Ottawahitech|talk]]) 01:04, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

: I think [[User:Rupert loup]] should be blocked for a while. He keeps reverting and redirecting whole pages (e.g. [[Fatwa]], [[Racism in the Arab world]]) and removes large parts of other pages without discussion (e.g. [[Joseph Goebbels]], [[Hindu-Islamic relations]]). Maybe some content on the pages needs to be removed or improved, but this kind of extremely aggressive editing is disruptive. -- [[User:Chrisahn|Chrisahn]] ([[User talk:Chrisahn|talk]]) 21:59, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
:: <s>Weird that this user didn't edit Wikiquote until now, and also weird that all the Right-wing users in WQ are starting to POV pushing in synchronized way. Soapbox Sam, lol don't make it that obvious guys.</s> Rupert Loup 22:15, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
::: [[w:Special:Contributions/Chrisahn|I'm more active on Wikipedia]]. Your behaviour seems almost paranoid to me. Here it certainly violates [[WQ:AGF]]. Cool down. Take a break. If you can't do it voluntarily, an admin should force you. Sorry. -- [[User:Chrisahn|Chrisahn]] ([[User talk:Chrisahn|talk]]) 22:43, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
:::::[[User:Chrisahn|Chrisahn]]: It took me a year to be in this paranoid state of mind. [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Vandalism_in_progress&diff=2872510&oldid=2872496 You just came here and you are already there]. That's a testament on how toxic this place has become. Going back to the issue, I received [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Rupert_loup&diff=2874195&oldid=2872488 this message] by [[User:WeNotMeC020|WeNotMeC020]], which is similar to the rationale that [[User:UDScott|UDScott]] gave in my talk page before, which is not according with the [[WQ:Q]]. The notability of the publisher is not a proof of notability on the author, a lot of non notable/unknown persons have they work published by known outlets. The discussion about adding non notable authors, news, and quote mining already have taken place before in [[Talk:Immigration to the United States|July 2019]]. When [[User:Om777om|Om777om]] did exactly that, and [[User:GreenMeansGo|GreenMeansGo]] at that time said "'''These are hardly even genuine quotes. For example, the actual space in the article between the beginning and end of the first quote is 433 words, reduced here to 128. That's essentially manufacturing a quotation from a news article. This is also not the [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Om777om&diff=2570105&oldid=2563971 first time] this issues has been brought up.'''" and "'''Just because you appear to be preoccupied with contemporary politics does not mean that everyone else is also'''" and [[User:Ningauble|Ningauble]] said "'''It is a fake, a false attribution, a lie. Combining ideas is sometimes a good idea, but it is not quotation, and does not belong here at Wikiquote. Three administrators (at least) have advised you about this, but you seem to believe it is fair and just to manipulate excerpts in this way. You are mistaken, and you should be advised that inserting false information as alleged "quotes" is grounds for blocking your account.'''" (and that comment by Ningauble applies also in the issue that I was discussing here a week ago). Both [https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/Om777om Om777om] and [https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/WeNotMeC020 WeNotMeC020] have the same interest (US politics and Theosophy), used the same sources and have the same style on quoting. What I'm seeing is that different users of all the political spectrum and beliefs are trying deviate [[WQ:WQ|Wikiquote]] from the original goal, that is making '''an accurate and comprehensive collection of notable quotations''', and turn it in a news/blog/site aggregator. '''That content is making the site into a troll magnet.''' That pages that I redirected are POV troll magnets. I don't know when exactly or why that changed because there is barely discussion in the VP and here. But something changed and I'm not interested in contribute in a (news, blog, social media, etc) site aggregator. There are thousands of sites with that specific purpose that have way more activity than here. Without neutrality and no content curation, the content added by all editors that took the time to properly add content according with the spirit and goals of WQ policies (independent of their political views and beliefs) will be degraded and buried. I realise during this week that there is just not enough people discussing the issues, if there is no discussion that means that there is no enough of a community here to make consensus and advance the project. So I will (semi-)retire until I see more people participating. Rupert Loup 17:51, 18 October 2020 (UTC)
:::::: [[User:UDScott|UDScott]] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Om777om&diff=2570105&oldid=2563971 you said] to Om777om:"'''Please be more careful (and precise) in your quoting from material. I have noticed this before, where you take parts of a quote and selectively omit portions of it - this seems to be done to push a certain POV and is a dangerous practice - especially as many may not check the original source to see if it is correctly captured here.'''" What made you change your stance so drastically compared to now? Rupert Loup 20:14, 18 October 2020 (UTC)

::::Rupert is again making personal attacks.--[[User:დამოკიდებულება|დამოკიდებულება]] ([[User talk:დამოკიდებულება|talk]]) 22:51, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

::::Rupert has made personal attacks and harassment, has deleted reliably and properly sourced content that pertain's to the page's topic on spurious, bogus and made-up claims in order to remove other views and opinions, has been edit warring to remove my vote at two AFD discussions[https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/Harsh_Narain&action=history][https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/S._K._Malik&action=history], or to delete my improvements of formattings in an article for no reason, or to remove NPOV templates from articles, or to delete "Vote for deletion" templates [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Political_narrative&diff=prev&oldid=2871311] [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=False_equivalence&diff=prev&oldid=2871310], or even while an article is marked with the "inuse" template and so on.

::::And now he has broken the 3RR again :There were 5 reverts in less than 7 hours at [[Racism in the Arab world]].--[[User:დამოკიდებულება|დამოკიდებულება]] ([[User talk:დამოკიდებულება|talk]]) 22:51, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

== [[User:Eaglestorm]] disruptive editing ==

[[User:Eaglestorm]] has reverted my edits three times now and this is a problem. I'm familiar with Wikipedia but Wikiquote does things a little differently and I am not as familiar with the project specific rules or which process to follow. Vandalism seems like too strong a word to describe this disruptive editing so I thought it was more appropriate to post here than on [[Wikiquote:Vandalism_in_progress]]. It doesn't seem appropriate to call it edit warring when these revert were spread over several weeks, rather than all in one day (as it would be on Wikipedia), but it is still a problem nonetheless.

If you want to skip ahead the article is [[Demolition Man (film)]] and here are the three diffs showing the reverts: [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Demolition_Man_(film)&diff=2869833&oldid=2867897][https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Demolition_Man_(film)&diff=2864256&oldid=2863381][https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Demolition_Man_(film)&diff=2858369&oldid=2856856] in reverse order, most recent first.

Now I will explain some of the problem with these reverts.
This editor wrote only "loq trim" as his edit summary. This is not a meaningful edit summary. I later learned that this was probably meant refer to the Wikiquote guideline [[WQ:LOQ]], but apparently typing ten whole characters is too difficult for this person. Even if I had somehow magically known what this project specific jargon had meant, the edit summary was still inadequate as it fails to explain '''why''' this user was deleting some quotes and not others, and why if anything needed to be trimmed it wasn't long chunks of dialog. Failure to follow the simplest rules and the basic courtesy of provide meaningful edit summaries is rude, but there is a much bigger problem with these reverts.

This person attempted to "correct" several quotes, and got it badly wrong. (I was surprised to see anyone "correcting" quotes at all, especially without any explanation or pointing to sources to show the new version was right.) When I restored my edits, I provided edit summaries to explain and I also started a discussion on the article talk page, hoping to get some discussion about why some quotes were deleted and not others. I clearly explained that the "corrections" were wrong, as I had checked both the script and the film itself. I provide a link to the script on the Talk page, and I could have provided Youtube clips if this person had made any effort to discuss. (I am ware the shooting script has some differences from the final film but it was not an issue in this case.) One of the "corrections" was so wrong it is just bizarre, this person was getting the brand name "[[w:Oscar Mayer]] Weiner" wrong, changing it to "Meyer", despite my clearly explaining that this was wrong in my edit summary (and on the talk page) and providing a wikilink to make it really easy to check. This editor does not even seem to be trying to improve the article. -- [[Special:Contributions/109.76.214.107|109.76.214.107]] 04:26, 6 October 2020 (UTC)
: I've probably posted this in the wrong place, so admins please do move this to the correct place as needed. I will check back over the next few days. -- [[Special:Contributions/109.76.214.107|109.76.214.107]] 04:31, 6 October 2020 (UTC)
::Wow, you're obviously obsessed about the article and its evident you come crying in here when things are not to your liking. Everything was ok until you came along and now that its been limited, you sound very desperate. you said it yourself things are done differently on WQ than WP, and if you can't hack it, you should just move along. I'm really sad for you, that you IP-hop to make a point that's basically not needed.--[[User:Eaglestorm|Eaglestorm]] ([[User talk:Eaglestorm|talk]]) 04:39, 6 October 2020 (UTC)
::: This isn't about me, there's not need to make personal remarks. I choose not to use fake names, I choose to edit anonymously without an account, as I am allowed to do. If people disagree with my edits I discuss [[:WP:BRD]]. If an editor refuses follow the simple rules and the basic courtesy of explaining their edits or discuss changes, and repeatedly makes the same obviously incorrect changes then I have no choice but to take the problem up with administrators.
::: Eaglestorm ignored edit summaries, did not make any effort to discuss on the talk page, and repeatedly added obviously incorrect information to an article. It is not clear that Eaglestorm is making good faith efforts to improve the article. Those are problems that I hope the administrators will help to address. -- [[Special:Contributions/109.76.214.107|109.76.214.107]] 07:09, 6 October 2020 (UTC)
:::: Eaglestorm fixed an error in [[Demolition Man (film)|the article]] and thought it was appropriate to respond with the edit summary "fixed to accomodate whining anon's rant. happy?" [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Demolition_Man_(film)&diff=2869889&oldid=2869833] I hope administrators can see that this is uncalled for and [[:Wikipedia:Civility#Incivility|WP:UNCIVIL]]. -- [[Special:Contributions/109.76.214.107|109.76.214.107]] 07:19, 6 October 2020 (UTC)
::::: Hahghaha. I just laugh at you trying to apply WP policy when WQ prolly has its own tenets here. I hate to say this, but your drive-by disruptions to the article are no different than those of other - for lack of a better word - shit-disturbers who've come to WQ all these years and trying to force their points in. Your rants are not worth my time. You should just move on to other activities, instead of wasting everybody's time. You couldn't be man enough to edit from a single IP - that's one point for IP sockpuppetry from you. --[[User:Eaglestorm|Eaglestorm]] ([[User talk:Eaglestorm|talk]]) 07:27, 6 October 2020 (UTC)
{{Outdent}}
Eaglestorm has made his attitudes and opinions pretty clear. I await comments from administrators. -- [[Special:Contributions/109.79.81.27|109.79.81.27]] 14:01, 12 October 2020 (UTC)

== S. K. Malik ==

I was going to add this comment to the VfD but I think that is better suited to be here. Comparing the [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=S._K._Malik&oldid=2868515 article before] and the [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=S._K._Malik&oldid=2872125 current version] we can see a heavy '''{{w|quote mining}} in order to advance a POV''' in an article '''about a living person'''. This is [[W:Wikipedia:Vandalism#Hoaxing vandalism|Hoaxing vandalism]], and is against all the goals and principles for what WQ stands, specifically the accuracy part in [[WQ:WQ]] and the [[WQ:NPOV]] policy. According with [[WQ:VIP]] "Wikiquote's definition of vandalism is the same as Wikipedia's and can be seen at w:Wikipedia:Vandalism." That means that policy applies here. And this behavior extend to all the pages in WQ edited by the creator of Malik's article, [[User:დამოკიდებულება]]. I found several cases of fabricated quotes, quote mining, fringe source, etc. In the [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=S._K._Malik&diff=2870735&oldid=2868515 Malik's article] we can see a fabricated quote (that was taken down after [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/S._K._Malik&diff=2869508&oldid=2869507 I pointed out] that was false.) The editor tried to POV push that when Malik talks about "terror" he was talking about doing terrorism, when he clear stated that he sees the term in the same philosophical way that J. Robert Oppenheimer in the concept of "{{w|balance of terror}}", and amusingly the editor just took out {{w|Liddell Hart}} completely out of the article:
* Before: "Only a strategy that aims at striking terror into the hearts of the enemies from the preparation stage can produce direct results."
* After: "Only a strategy that aims at striking terror into the hearts of the enemies from the preparation stage can produce direct results '''and turn Liddell Hart's dream into a reality.'''"
Combine different parts of one source to reach or imply a conclusion not explicitly stated by the source is [[W:WP:SYNTH]], and is something that this user have been doing all over WQ. I think that all the articles edited and created by this user need to check out and if they cannot be fixed just nuke them [[W:WP:NUKEIT]] and start all over again with reliable sources. Rupert Loup 18:28, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
::And now the editor is again with the [https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/Chrisahn old habit of puppetry]. Rupert Loup 19:31, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Am I allowed to post here or will my comment be deleted by Rupert as he did at the AFD discussion of Malik that he discusses here?

I have written before that one always needs to double check what Rupert says, unfortunately this is also the case here:( Also this is part of the personal attacks and harassment of this user against nearly all other editors he disagrees with that has been going for long time. Rupert's personal attack claim that I am Chrisahn is also baseless.

The first thing to note is that I didn't have time to work on this article. Literally during the time I started it, Rupert was edit-warring in this and in many other articles, and he hasn't stopped edit-warring since then during this whole time '''despite clear warnings that he should stop''', due to this situation I couldn't do any reasonable work during this time.

The claims by Rupert are obviuosly completely bogus, and I will post a fuller reply as soon as I have time. --[[User:დამოკიდებულება|დამოკიდებულება]] ([[User talk:დამოკიდებულება|talk]]) 19:54, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
:Don't forget to put in your fuller reply [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Votes_for_deletion/Harsh_Narain&diff=prev&oldid=2871117 in which Meenakshi Jain's books is Harsh Narain mentioned]. Rupert Loup 21:07, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

Rupert writes he is "Comparing the [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=S._K._Malik&oldid=2868515 article before] " but the version that Rupert is linking is a version where Rupert already deleted a lot of quotes.

There are two claims Rupert makes

1) The editor tried to POV push that when Malik talks about "terror" he was talking about doing terrorism, when he clear stated that he sees the term in the same philosophical way that J. Robert Oppenheimer in the concept of "balance of terror"

2) and amusingly the editor just took out Liddell Hart completely out of the article.

First, the "editor" has not chosen these quotes himself, these quotes have been selected by scholars discussing the work. Wikiquote is not an encyclopedia, it is a collection of quotes, and the quotes I added in the article were all quoted and attributed by other scholars. It is possible that these scholars have not chosen the best quotes, but in general, there is nothing wrong with starting an article with quotes about a work that were already selected and quoted in a published source by a scholar, instead of doing original research and choosing quotes. There is no violation at all as long as the quotes are attributed (which they were until Rupert deleted it). Rupert is totally misleading when he says I took anything out of the quote. I repeat, the quotes were attributed to other scholars, and clearly marked as attribution!

Point 1). About Oppenheimer in point 1). Malik mentions Oppenheimer and balance of terror only once in passing when discussing strategy in Western military theory:
:: ''With the invention of the atomic weapons, there appeared, between 1945 and 1955, a class of strategists who looked upon the nuclear bomb as the 'absolute' weapon of war. Accordingly, they formulated the theory of the strategy of balance of terror, best described by the similitude of 'two scorpions in a bottle', a metaphor coined by J. Robert Oppenheimer. With further developments in nuclear bombs and greater knowledge of their effects came Dulles' theory of massive nuclear retaliation enunciated in 1954 and McNamara's flexible response. This was followed by other schools of thought hovering round graduated deterrence, second strike capability and the oceanic system. In 1959, Albert Wohlstetter denounced the theory of the 'balance of terror'. His thesis was that a deterrent force existed only if it was capable of inflicting reprisals. He laid down a set of six conditions for a second strike capability and came to conclude that the United States possessed none of them at that time...''

That is the only mention in the text. Rupert's claim that he "clearly stated that he sees the term (terror) in the same philosophical way that J. Robert Oppenheimer in the concept of "balance of terror" is either not honest or he cannot understand and read the text.

Ibn Warraq also writes: "Malik constantly quotes Western experts on the causes of war such as Geoffrey Blainey, Bernard Brodie, and Liddel Hart only to dismiss their sociopolitical arguments as irrelevant to Islam".

Point 2). About Liddell Hart in point 2). What is Liddell Hart's dream, and what is the context?

Liddel Hart is a military theorist. Malik refers to Liddel several times, but in the relevant chapter he writes:

::Opposed to the 'blood-red wine of Clausewitzian growth' Liddell Hart courted the idea of 'bloodless victories' and termed it as 'perfect strategy'. As examples of perfect strategy, he cited Caesar's Illerda campaign, Cromwell's Preston campaign, Napoleon's Ulm campaign, Moltke at Sedan in 1870, Allenby's Samaria campaign in 1918. and the German conquest of France in 1940. In Liddell Hart's language, strategy was 'the art of distributing and applying military means to gain the ends of policy'. The aim of strategy, he contended, was to produce a strategic situation so advantageous that 'it it does not of itself produce the decision, its continuation by battle is sure to achieve this'. Psychological dislocation of the enemy directed at producing a direct decision was thus the primary aim of Liddell Hart's strategy. "If this was not possible," he conceded, "then a physical or logistical dislocation must precede battle, to reduce fighting to the slenderest proportion." It follows that dislocation, the central theme of Liddell Hart's strategy, could be produced either in the physical or logistical sphere, or in the psychological sphere. Developing his thesis further, Liddell Hart tells us that, in the physical field, dislocation could be caused by upsetting the enemy's dispositions, dislocating the distribution and organization of his forces, endangering his rear and cutting his lines of communication. In the psychological sphere, it was the natural outcome of the physical effects produced on the enemy. Beaufre, the famed French strategist, agreed with Liddell Hart's theory of the psychological dislocation of the enemy but disagreed with his definition. In Beaufre's opinion, Liddell Hart's definition 'hardly differed from that of Clausewitz'.

After this discussion, Malik explains:
*Let us now make an attempt to study the Quranic concept of strategy. The first step to this study is to understand the difference between total strategy, that is. Jehad, and military strategy. The term, Jehad, so often confused with military strategy, is, in fact, the near-equivalent of total or grand strategy or policy-in- execution. Jehad entails the comprehensive direction and application of' power' while military strategy deals only with the preparation for and application of 'force’. Jehad is a continuous and never-ending struggle waged on all fronts including political, economic, social, psychological, domestic, moral and spiritual to attain the object of policy. It aims at attaining the overall mission assigned to the Islamic State, and military strategy is one of the means available to it to do so. It is waged at individual as well as collective level; and at internal as well as external front.
* Waged in its true spirit, and with the multiple means available to it, the Islamic concept of total strategy has the capacity to produce direct results. Alternatively, however, it creates conditions conducive to the military strategy to attain its object speedily and economically. Military strategy thus draws heavily on the total strategy (Jehad) for its successful application. Any weakness or strength in the formulation, direction or application of the total strategy would affect military strategy in the like manner. In the absence of Jehad, the preparation for and application of 'force' to its best advantage would be a matter of exception, not rule. Conversely, optimum preparation and application of the military instrument forms an integral part of Jehad.
*What then is the Quranic concept of military strategy? Instructions pertaining to the divine theory on military strategy are found in the revelations pertaining to the battles of Badr, Ohad, Khandaq, Tabuk and Hodaibiyya. ....
* In the situations referred to above, we see that whenever Almighty Allah wishes to frustrate and destroy the designs of His enemies, He does so by strengthening the hearts of the Believers, and by sending down calm and tranquillity upon them as from Himself. We, therefore, infer that, to prevent our adversaries from imposing their will and decision upon us in war, it is essential for us to maintain a state of calm, assurance, hope and tranquillity amongst our ranks. But, what should we do to impose our will and decision upon the enemy? To find answer to this question, let us make another probe into the Book.
*Talking of Badr, the Holy Quran addresses the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him), "Remember, thy Lord inspired the angels (with the message), “I am with you: give firmness to the Believers: I will instil terror into the hearts of the Unbelievers."9 Again in the battle of Ohad, the Book identified the causes of the Muslims defeat and provided them divine guidance about their future course of action. Should the Muslims observe the divine code of conduct prescribed for them, the Book held out a promise, saying, '''"Soon shall We cast terror into the hearts of the Un- believers."''' On the question of instilling terror into the hearts of the enemies, a reference is also available in Sura 'Ahzab', pertaining to the battle of Khandaq. "And those of the people of the Book who aided them," the Holy Quran referred to the treachery of Banu Quraiza, "Allah did take them down from their strongholds and cast terror into their hearts, (so that) some ye slew, and some ye made prisoners. And He made you heirs of their lands, their houses, and their goods, and of a land which ye had not frequented (before). And Allah has power over all things."11
* '''We see that, on all these occasions, when God wishes to impose His will upon His enemies, He chooses to do so by casting terror into their hearts.''' But, what strategy does He prescribe for the Believers to enforce their decision upon their foes? "Let not the Unbelievers think," God commands us directly and pointedly, "that they can get the better (of the Godly): they will never frustrate them. '''Against them make ready your strength to the utmostof your power, including steeds of war, to strike terror into (the hearts of) the enemies of Allah''' and your enemies, and others besides, whom ye may not know, but whom Allah doth know."
* ''The Quranic military strategy thus enjoins us to prepare ourselves for war to the utmost in order to strike terror into the heart'- of the enemies, known or hidden, while guarding ourselves from being terror-stricken by the enemy.'' '''In this strategy, guarding ourselves against terror is the 'Base'; preparation for war to the utmost is the 'Cause'; while the striking terror into the hearts of the enemies is the 'Effect'.''' The whole philosophy revolves round the human heart, his soul, spirit and Faith. '''In war, our main objective is the opponent‘s heart or soul, our main weapon of offence against this objective is the strength of our own souls, and to launch such an attack, we hare to keep terror away from our own hearts.'''
* The Quranic strategy comes into play from the preparation stage, and aims at imposing a direct decision upon the enemy. Other things remaining the same, our preparation for war is the true index of our performance during war. We must aim at creating a wholesome respect for our Cause and our will and determination to attain it, in the minds of the enemies, well before facing them on the field of battle. '''So spirited, zealous, complete and thorough should be our preparation for war that we should enter upon the 'war of muscles' having already won the 'war of will'.''' '''Only a strategy that aims at striking terror into the hearts of the enemies from the preparation stage can produce direct results and turn Liddell Hart's dream into a reality.'''

Malik says that psychological preparation for war is important, and that preparation must be wholesome (psychological and physical). And Malik's strategy to achieve this "dream" includes '''"striking terror into the hearts of the enemies"'''.

Rupert doesn't explain what is wrong with excluding the reference to Liddell. (As said above, it is NOT me that did exclude Liddell, it is Ibn Warraq!!). Besides, a quotes should be understandable to the reader, quoting the part of Liddell would make it necessary to make the quote much much longer because the whole context about Liddell would have to be added too, and include text from previous paragraphs, and therefore much less quotable, without adding much. This "dream" is not a "pacifist" dream. The [[w:Battle of France|German conquest of France in 1940]] was a blitzkrieg that was relatively bloodless for the Germans (163,676 casualties) but not so much for the victims (2,260,000 casualties).

Malik ends the chapter with:
*'''Terror struck into the hearts of the enemies is not only a means, it is the end in itself. Once a condition of terror into the opponent's heart is obtained, hardly anything is left to be achieved. It is the point where the means and the end meet and merge. Terror is not a means of imposing decision upon the enemy; it is the decision we, wish to impose upon him.'''
*Psychological and physical dislocation is, at best, a means, though, by no means, conclusive for striking terror into the hearts of the enemies. Its effects are related to the physical and spiritual stamina of the opponent but are seldom of a permanent and lasting nature. An army that practises the Quranic philosophy of war in its totality is immune to psychological pressures. '''When Liddell Hart talks of imposing a direct decision upon the enemy through psychological dislocation alone, he is taking too much for granted.''' Terror cannot be struck into the hearts of an army by merely cutting its lines of communication or depriving it of its routes of withdrawal. It is basically related to the strength or weakness of the human soul. It can be instilled only if the opponent's Faith is destroyed. Psychological dislocation is temporary; spiritual dislocation is permanent. Psychological dislocation can be produced by a physical act but this does not hold good of the spiritual dislocation. To instil terror into the hearts of the enemy, It is essential, in the ultimate analysis, to dislocate his Faith. An invincible Faith is immune to terror. A weak Faith offers inroads to terror. The Faith conferred upon us by the Holy Quran has the inherent strength to ward off terror from us and to enable us to strike terror into the enemy. Whatever the form or type of strategy directed against the enemy, it must, in order to be effective, be capable of striking terror into the hearts of the enemy. A strategy that fails to attain this condition suffers from inherent drawbacks and weaknesses; and should be reviewed and modified. This rule is fully applicable to nuclear as well as conventional wars. It is equally true of the strategy of nuclear deterrence in fashion today. '''To be credible and effective, the strategy of deterrence must be capable of striking-terror into the hearts of the enemy.'''

So Malik actually criticizes Liddell for "taking too much for granted".

This book is not some manifesto of pacifism, it could be described as Islamist, and defending inhuman practices like Jizya and submission of infidels, and war.

This is a manual that others described as:

*The most influential treatise on why Jihād is necessary and how it must be fought.
*The continued relevance of The Qur’anic Concept of War is indicated by the discovery by US military officials of summaries of this book published in various languages on captured and killed jihādist insurgents in Afghanistan. This is hardly a surprising development as Malik finds within the Quran a doctrine of aggressive, escalating and constant jihād against non-Muslims and the religious justification of terrorism as a means to achieving the dominance of Islam around the world—dogmas that square with the Islamist ideology driving terrorism worldwide. The endorsements of Zia al-Haq and Allah Bukhsh K. Brohi, the late advocate-general of Pakistan and former Pakistani ambassador to India, “established Malik’s views on jihād as national policy and gave his interpretation official state sanction.”
*This book brings out with simplicity, clarity and precision the Quranic philosophy on the application of military force within the context of the totality that is Jihād. The professional soldier in a Muslim army, pursuing the goals of a Muslim state, cannot become “professional” if in all his activities he does not take the “colour of Allah.” The nonmilitary citizen of a Muslin state must, likewise, be aware of the kind of soldier that his country must produce and the only pattern of war that his country’s armed forces may wage.

See the first version of the article for these quotes, and there are many more such quotes about the book by other scholars too. Ibn Warraq and Andrew Bostom are scholars and specialists on Islam, and is probably more to be trusted here than a random person on wikiquote who believes that the text talks about love, peace and harmony.

In fact, what is happening here is a whitewashing or censoring of notable and important views and aspects. War is an important aspect and topic in almost all religious texts in all world religions, but Rupert only censors allusions to war in articles about Islam. [[User:DanielTom]] has described such as a form of vandalism. For example, in articles on Jihad and related articles he removed quotes from the [[w:Encyclopedia of Islam|Encyclopedia of Islam]] and of orientalists and scholars like [[Bernard Lewis]] and [[T.P. Hughes]], in an article about the Al-Hidaya (which is a Sharia text) he at first deleted all quotes about war and replaced them with one bland quote, or at the article [[Apostasy in Islam]] he added the NPOV tag (which implies that Rupert thinks that [[Apostasy in Islam]] should be portrayed positively IMO, but maybe Rupert can explain) And he was whitewashing whole articles about racism by blanking them and redirecting [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Racism_in_the_Arab_world&action=history].

As expected, Rupert's claim is completely bogus and ludicrous, and another cheap personal attack on me.

As I wrote earlier:
Another related bogus claim that he uses for deletions is the claim of "fabricated quote" or "failed verification" which he never proves. He made this claim on many articles like Al-Hidayh [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Al-Hidayah&action=history], but actually all the quotes were correct quotes from the Al-Hidaya, and I have been adding them later with online links to the copy to an online source. [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Burhan_al-Din_al-Marghinani&oldid=2870593]. The same bogus claim was made at LGBT_in_Islam and many other pages, see [[Talk:LGBT_in_Islam]]. Another bogus claim was "can't verify" used at first for this book by Malik, and that he wants to delete quotes because he doesn't like the views or opinions of scholars and authors like Ibn Warraq.

So this time he made a whole section out of this bogus claim, but this is probably better than just to edit-war without discussion. --[[User:დამოკიდებულება|დამოკიდებულება]] ([[User talk:დამოკიდებულება|talk]]) 23:02, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

== Tokyo Metro 6000 series ==

{{ping|Koavf}}

{{vandal|Tokyo Metro 6000 series}}

:Completely ruined Ralph Breaks the Internet. I attempted to rename it to its original, but the vandal in question had already done the damage. I request that this vandal be banned for life, and all of its edits struck down as if they never existed. [[User:DawgDeputy|DawgDeputy]] ([[User talk:DawgDeputy|talk]]) 20:22, 10 October 2020 (UTC)

::And the following IP only added to the problem:
::{{vandal|2601:240:4180:6A50:C5AF:B46F:E2C:C8CD}} [[User:DawgDeputy|DawgDeputy]] ([[User talk:DawgDeputy|talk]]) 02:18, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

== Ohtekhej‎ ==

* {{Vandal|Ohtekhej‎}}

Posting unauthorized caricatures of real people, awarding false barnstars to administrators, block evasion (clearly, this one is a sockpuppet), and likely spreading an agenda. [[User:DawgDeputy|DawgDeputy]] ([[User talk:DawgDeputy|talk]]) 02:00, 14 October 2020 (UTC)

== Charlie's Angels ==

Hello, Please move ''[[Charlie's Angels (TV series)]]'' to ''[[Charlie's Angels]]'' to match the Wikipedia title.--[[User:Saroj Uprety|Saroj Uprety]] ([[User talk:Saroj Uprety|talk]]) 06:17, 15 October 2020 (UTC)
:{{done}} ~ [[User:UDScott|UDScott]] ([[User talk:UDScott|talk]]) 12:04, 15 October 2020 (UTC)

== Democracy ==

[[Democracy]] was protected indefinitely over a year and a half ago. Can this protection be lifted so I can edit ? --[[Special:Contributions/2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA|2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA]] 01:00, 19 October 2020 (UTC)

I recommend to administrators not to open the door for IP vandals, even if the one who requested the protection removal is not a vandal. [[User:DawgDeputy|DawgDeputy]] ([[User talk:DawgDeputy|talk]]) 01:56, 19 October 2020 (UTC)

== rupert loup has accused me of block evasion, and is vandalising ==

This is not true. Rupert loup is lying. --[[Special:Contributions/2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA|2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA]] 01:01, 19 October 2020 (UTC)
:Rupert has also been edit warring and reverting edits without discussing it prior, and without writing a cogent edit summary. He is doing the same edit warring that had resulted in his one week ban. --[[Special:Contributions/2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA|2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA]] 02:29, 19 October 2020 (UTC)
::and now I have been accused of being a sockpuppet by rupert loup and dawgdeputy. --[[Special:Contributions/2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA|2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA]] 04:29, 19 October 2020 (UTC)
:::and now rupert is vandalising my talkpage, as can be [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA&action=history seen here]. --[[Special:Contributions/2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA|2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA]] 05:14, 19 October 2020 (UTC)
::::and rupert loup is edit warring [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Wikiquote:Administrators%27_noticeboard&action=history right here as well]. --[[Special:Contributions/2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA|2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA]] 05:20, 19 October 2020 (UTC)
:::::Do you have any ''irrefutable'' evidence he is lying, or are you clearly hounding him?
:::::Furthermore, you never ''thoroughly'' discuss your edits prior to reverting his, either. [[User:DawgDeputy|DawgDeputy]] ([[User talk:DawgDeputy|talk]]) 13:06, 19 October 2020 (UTC)

== [[Wishbone (TV series)]] ==

'''Semi-protection:''' High level of IP vandalism. [[User:Saroj Uprety|Saroj Uprety]] ([[User talk:Saroj Uprety|talk]]) 01:55, 19 October 2020 (UTC)
:The same goes for [[Sesame Street Presents: Follow That Bird|Follow That Bird]], [[Barney's Great Adventure]], and anything else related to PBS television series. [[User:DawgDeputy|DawgDeputy]] ([[User talk:DawgDeputy|talk]]) 13:05, 19 October 2020 (UTC)

== Sockpuppet(s) of one TVEBOR ==

:{{vandal|2001:8003:59db:4100:5d6:ebda:4936:13ea}}
:{{vandal|2001:8003:59DB:4100:8143:D03B:1CB6:4B4C}}

Falsely accusing one Rupert loup of lying when the evidence is all in these IPs history of edits and block evasion. Perfect match for TVEBOR's editing patterns, summaries and all. Protect all pages on which they made their edits so these edit wars come to a complete stop. Oh, and one of them is demanding removal of protection of a certain page that had been protected indefinitely from vandalism, but I must advise against it. Do not open the door for (potential) IP vandals. [[User:DawgDeputy|DawgDeputy]] ([[User talk:DawgDeputy|talk]]) 13:16, 19 October 2020 (UTC)
::IP range is [https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/en:Special:Contributions/2001:8003:4000:0:0:0:0:0/35 2001:8003:4000:0:0:0:0:0/35], same as always. 15:56, 19 October 2020 (UTC)

Rosa Luxemburg

2020-10-19T15:48:31Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880535 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:Rosa Luxemburg.jpg|thumb|right|Freedom only for the members of the government, only for the members of the Party — though they are quite numerous — is no freedom at all. Freedom is always the freedom of dissenters.]]
'''[[w:Rosa Luxemburg|Rosa Luxemburg]]''' (also ''Rozalia Luxenburg''; [[5 March]] [[1871]] – [[15 January]] [[1919]]) was a [[w:Marxist theory|Marxist theorist]], [[Philosophy|philosopher]], [[Economics|economist]] and [[w:Revolutionary socialism|revolutionary socialist]] of [[w:Polish-Jewish|Polish-Jewish]] descent who became a naturalized German citizen. She was, successively, a member of the [[w:Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania|Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania]] (SDKPiL), the [[w:Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democratic Party of Germany]] (SPD), the [[w:Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany|Independent Social Democratic Party]] (USPD), and the [[w:Communist Party of Germany|Communist Party of Germany]] (KPD).

== Quotes ==

[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-14077-006, Rosa Luxemburg.jpg|thumb|right|Without general elections, without freedom of the press, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, without the free battle of opinions, life in every public institution withers away, becomes a caricature of itself, and bureaucracy rises as the only deciding factor.]]
[[Image:Rosa Luxemburg ND4.JPG|thumb|right|The modern proletarian class doesn't carry out its struggle according to a plan set out in some book or theory… in the middle of history, in the middle of progress, in the middle of the fight, we learn how we must fight…]]
[[File:Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands, Logo um 1920.svg|thumb|Marxism must abhor nothing so much as the possibility that it becomes congealed in its current form. It is at its best when butting heads in self-criticism, and in historical thunder and lightning, it retains its strength.]]

* The self-discipline of the Social Democracy is not merely the replacement of the authority of bourgeois rulers with the authority of a socialist central committee. '''The working class will acquire the sense of the new discipline, the freely assumed self-discipline of the Social Democracy, not as a result of the discipline imposed on it by the capitalist state, but by extirpating, to the last root, its old habits of obedience and servility.'''
** ''[http://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1904/questions-rsd/ch01.htm Organizational Questions of the Russian Social Democracy]'' (1904)

* '''The [[w:Russo-Japanese War|Russo-Japanese War]] now gives to all an awareness that even war and peace in Europe – its destiny – isn’t decided between the four walls of the European concert, but outside it, in the gigantic maelstrom of world and colonial politics.''' And its in this that the real meaning of the current war resides for social-democracy, even if we set aside its immediate effect: the collapse of Russian absolutism. This war brings the gaze of the international proletariat back to the great political and economic connectedness of the world, and violently dissipates in our ranks the particularism, the pettiness of ideas that form in any period of political calm. The war completely rends all the veils which the bourgeois world – this world of economic, political and social fetishism – constantly wraps us in. The war destroys the appearance which leads us to believe in peaceful social evolution; in the omnipotence and the untouchability of bourgeois legality; in national exclusivism; in the stability of political conditions; in the conscious direction of politics by these “statesmen” or parties; in the significance capable of shaking up the world of the squabbles in bourgeois parliaments; in parliamentarism as the so-called center of social existence. '''War unleashes – at the same time as the reactionary forces of the capitalist world – the generating forces of social revolution which ferment in its depths.'''
** [http://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1904/05/01.htm "In the Storm" in ''Le Socialiste''] as translated by Mitch Abidor (1 - 8 May 1904)

* From the moment when the workers of our country and of Russia began to struggle bravely against the Czarist Government and the capitalist exploiters, we notice more and more often that the priests, in their sermons, come out against the workers who are struggling. It is with extraordinary vigour that the clergy fight against the socialists and try by all means to belittle them in the eyes of the workers. The believers who go to church on Sundays and festivals are compelled, more and more often, to listen to a violent political speech, a real indictment of Socialism, instead of hearing a sermon and obtaining religious consolation there. Instead of comforting the people, who are full of cares and wearied by their hard lives, who go to church with faith in Christianity, the priests fulminate against the workers who are on strike, and against the opponents of the government; further, they exhort them to bear poverty and oppression with humility and patience. They turn the church and the pulpit into a place of political propaganda.
**Socialism and the Churches (1905)

[[File: Cash_Luna.jpg|thumb|right|Instead of comforting the people, who are full of cares and wearied by their hard lives, who go to church with faith in Christianity, the priests fulminate against the workers who are on strike, and against the opponents of the government; further, they exhort them to bear poverty and oppression with humility and patience. They turn the church and the pulpit into a place of political propaganda.]]

* '''Bourgeois class domination is undoubtedly an historical necessity, but, so too, the rising of the working class against it.''' Capital is an historical necessity, but, so too, its grave digger, the socialist proletariat.
** ''[http://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1915/junius/index.htm The Junius Pamphlet]'' (1915)

* I suppose I must be out of sorts to feel everything so deeply. Sometimes, however, it seems to me that i am not really a human being at all, but like a bird or a beast in human form. I feel so much more at home even in a scrap of garden like the one here, an dstill more in the meadows when the grass is humming with bees than - at one of the our party congresses.
**Prison Letter, (May 12, 1917), ''Rosa Luxemburg Speaks''

* Public control is indispensably necessary. Otherwise the exchange of experiences remains only with the closed circle of the officials of the new regime. Corruption becomes inevitable. (Lenin’s words, Bulletin No.29) '''Socialism in life demands a complete spiritual transformation in the masses degraded by centuries of bourgeois rule.''' Social instincts in place of egotistical ones, mass initiative in place of inertia, idealism which conquers all suffering, etc., etc. No one knows this better, describes it more penetratingly; repeats it more stubbornly than Lenin. But he is completely mistaken in the means he employs. Decree, dictatorial force of the factory overseer, draconian penalties, rule by terror – all these things are but palliatives. The only way to a rebirth is the school of public life itself, the most unlimited, the broadest democracy and public opinion. It is rule by terror which demoralizes.
** [http://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1918/russian-revolution/ch06.htm "The Problem with Dictatorship" in ''The Russian Revolution''] as translated by [[w:Bertram Wolfe|Bertram Wolfe]] (1918)

[[File:Blessed_are_the_Peacemakers.gif|thumb|right|The proletarian revolution ought now, by a little ray of kindness, to illuminate the gloomy life of prisoners, shorten Draconian sentences, abolish barbarous punishments - the use of manacles and whippings - improve, as far as possible, the medical attention, the food allowance, and the conditions of labor. That is a duty of honor. ]]

* The proletarian revolution ought now, by a little ray of kindness, to illuminate the gloomy life of prisoners, shorten Draconian sentences, abolish barbarous punishments - the use of manacles and whippings - improve, as far as possible, the medical attention, the food allowance, and the conditions of labor. That is a duty of honor.
**Against Capital Punishment (1918), ''Rosa Luxemburg Speaks''

* '''Freedom only for the members of the government, only for the members of the Party — though they are quite numerous — is no freedom at all. Freedom is always the freedom of dissenters.''' The essence of political freedom depends not on the fanatics of 'justice', but rather on all the invigorating, beneficial, and detergent effects of dissenters. If 'freedom' becomes 'privilege', the workings of political freedom are broken.
**''Die russische Revolution. Eine kritische Würdigung'' (1920) p. 109 
** This contains probably her most famous statement: ''Freiheit ist immer Freiheit der Andersdenkenden'', translated as "'''Freedom is always the freedom of dissenters.'''" Variant: Freedom is always and exclusively freedom for the one who thinks differently.

* '''Without general elections, without freedom of the press, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, without the free battle of opinions, life in every public institution withers away, becomes a caricature of itself, and bureaucracy rises as the only deciding factor.'''
** Reported in Paul Froelich, ''Die Russische Revolution'' (1940)

* '''The modern proletarian class doesn't carry out its struggle according to a plan set out in some book or theory; the modern workers' struggle is a part of history, a part of social progress, and in the middle of history, in the middle of progress, in the middle of the fight, we learn how we must fight...''' That's exactly what is laudable about it, that's exactly why this colossal piece of culture, within the modern workers' movement, is epoch-defining: that the great masses of the working people first forge from their own consciousness, from their own belief, and even from their own understanding the weapons of their own liberation.
** "The Politics of Mass Strikes and Unions"; ''Collected Works 2'' 

* '''The leadership has failed. Even so, the leadership can and must be recreated from the masses and out of the masses.''' The masses are the decisive element, they are the rock on which the final victory of the revolution will be built. The masses were on the heights; they have developed this 'defeat' into one of the historical defeats which are the pride and strength of international socialism. And that is why the future victory will bloom from this 'defeat'. 'Order reigns in Berlin!' You stupid henchmen! Your 'order' is built on sand. Tomorrow the revolution will already 'raise itself with a rattle' and announce with fanfare, to your terror: '''I was, I am, I will be!'''
** "Order reigns in Berlin", Last written words. ''Collected Works 4'' 

* '''Marxism is a revolutionary worldview that must always struggle for new revelations. Marxism must abhor nothing so much as the possibility that it becomes congealed in its current form. It is at its best when butting heads in self-criticism, and in historical thunder and lightning, it retains its strength.'''
** As quoted in ''Quote Junkie : Political Edition'' (2008) by Hagopian Institute

=== Reform or Revolution (1899) ===

* The production relations of capitalist society approach more and more the production relations of socialist society. But on the other hand, its political and juridical relations established between capitalist society and socialist society a steadily rising wall. This wall is not overthrown, but is on the contrary strengthened and consolidated by the development of social reforms and the course of democracy. Only the hammer blow of revolution, that is to day, the conquest of political power by the proletariat can break down this wall.
** Ch. 7
* In the history of bourgeois society, legislative reform served to strengthen progressively the rising class till the latter was sufficiently strong to seize political power, to suppress the existing juridical system and to construct itself a new one.
** Ch.8
* Legislative reform and revolution are not different methods of historic development that can be picked out at the pleasure from the counter of history, just as one chooses hot or cold sausages. Legislative reform and revolution are different factors in the development of class society. They condition and complement each other, and are at the same time reciprocally exclusive, as are the north and south poles, the bourgeoisie and proletariat.
** Ch. 8
* Every legal constitution is the product of a revolution. In the history of classes, revolution is the act of political creation, while legislation is the political expression of the life of a society that has already come into being. Work for reform does not contain its own force independent from revolution. During every historic period, work for reforms is carried on only in the direction given to it by the impetus of the last revolution and continues as long as the impulsion from the last revolution continues to make itself felt. Or, to put it more concretely, in each historic period work for reforms is carried on only in the framework of the social form created by the last revolution. Here is the kernel of the problem.
** Ch. 8
* In the army, capitalist development leads to the extension of obligatory military service to the reduction of the time of service and consequently to a material approach to a popular militia. But all of this takes place under the form of modern militarism in which the domination of the people by the militarist State and the class character of the State manifest themselves most clearly.
** Ch.8
* If democracy has become superfluous or annoying to the bourgeoisie, it is on the contrary necessary and indispensable to the working class. It is necessary to the working class because it creates the political forms (autonomous administration, electoral rights, etc.) which will serve the proletariat as fulcrums in its task of transforming bourgeois society. Democracy is indispensable to the working class because only through the exercise of its democratic rights, in the struggle for democracy, can the proletariat become aware of its class interests and its historic task.
** Ch.8
*
* Without the collapse of capitalism the expropriation of the capitalist class is impossible.
** Ch. 9

=== The Junius Pamphlet (1915) ===

[[File:French_87th_Regiment_Cote_34_Verdun_1916.jpg|thumb|right|Shamed, dishonored, wading in blood and dripping with filth, thus capitalist society stands. Not as we usually see it, playing the roles of peace and righteousness, of order, of philosophy, of ethics - as a roaring beast, as an orgy of anarchy, as a pestilential breath, devastating culture and humanity - so it appears in all its hideous nakedness.]]

* The scene has thoroughly changed. The six weeks' march to Paris has come world drama. Mass murder has become a monotonous task, and yet the final solution is not one step nearer. Capitalist rule is caught in its own trap, and cannot ban the spirit that it has Gone is the first mad delirium. Gone are the patriotic street demonstrations, the chase after suspicious-looking automobiles; the false telegrams, the cholera-poisoned wells. Gone the mad stories of Russian students who hurl bombs from every bridge of Berlin, or French men flying over Nuremberg; gone the excesses of spy-hunting populace, the singing through, the coffee shops with their patriotic songs; gone the violent mobs, ready to denounce, ready to persecute women, ready to whip themselves into a delirious frenzy over every wild rumor; gone the atmosphere of ritual murder, the Kishinev air that left the policeman at the corer as the only remaining representative of human dignity.
**Ch.1

*Violated, dishonored, wading in blood, dripping filth – there stands bourgeois society. This is it [in reality]. Not all spic and span and moral, with pretense to culture, philosophy, ethics, order, peace, and the rule of law – but the ravening beast, the witches’ sabbath of anarchy, a plague to culture and humanity. Thus it reveals itself in its true, its naked form.
**Ch. 1

*Shamed, dishonored, wading in blood and dripping with filth, thus capitalist society stands. Not as we usually see it, playing the roles of peace and righteousness, of order, of philosophy, of ethics - as a roaring beast, as an orgy of anarchy, as a pestilential breath, devastating culture and humanity - so it appears in all its hideous nakedness.
**Ch. 1, ''Rosa Luxemburg Speaks'' (1970), trns: Mary-Alice Waters

*Friedrich Engels once said: “Bourgeois society stands at the crossroads, either transition to socialism or regression into barbarism.” What does “regression into barbarism” mean to our lofty European civilization? Until now, we have all probably read and repeated these words thoughtlessly, without suspecting their fearsome seriousness. A look around us at this moment shows what the regression of bourgeois society into barbarism means. This world war is a regression into barbarism. The triumph of imperialism leads to the annihilation of civilization.
**Ch.1

=== Peace Utopias (1911) ===
[[File:Zetkin luxemburg1910.jpg|thumb|right| The times when the centre of gravity of political development and the crystallising agent of capitalist contradictions lay on the European continent, are long gone by.]]
:First published as ''Friedensutopien'' in ''Leipziger Volkszeitung'' (6 & 8 May 1911) Copyleft: Luxemburg Internet Archive (marxists.org) 2004. [http://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1911/05/11.htm][http://www.marxists.org/deutsch/archiv/luxemburg/1911/05/utopien.htm]

* '''What is our task in the question of peace? It does not consist merely in vigorously demonstrating at all times the love of peace of the Social Democrats; but first and foremost our task is to make clear to the masses of people the nature of militarism and sharply and clearly to bring out the differences in principle between the standpoint of the Social Democrats and that of the bourgeois peace enthusiasts.'''

* ''Die Friedensfreunde aus bürgerlichen Kreisen glauben, das sich Weltfriede und Abrüstung im Rahmen der heutigen Gesellschaftsordnung verwirklichen lassen, wir aber, die wir auf dem Boden der materialistischen Geschichtsauffassung und des wissenschaftlichen Sozialismus stehen, sind der Überzeugung, das der Militarismus erst mit dem kapitalistischen Klassenstaate zusammen aus der Welt geschafft werden kann.''
** The friends of peace in bourgeois circles believe that world peace and disarmament can be realised within the frame-work of the present social order, whereas we, who base ourselves on the materialistic conception of history and on scientific socialism, are convinced that militarism can only be abolished from the world with the destruction of the capitalist class state.

* Militarism in both its forms — as war and as armed peace — is a legitimate child, a logical result of capitalism, which can only be overcome with the destruction of capitalism, and that hence whoever honestly desires world peace and liberation from the tremendous burden of armaments must also desire Socialism. Only in this way can real Social Democratic enlightenment and recruiting be carried on in connection with the armaments debate.

* The Utopianism of the standpoint which expects an era of peace and retrenchment of militarism in the present social order is plainly revealed in the fact that it is having recourse to project making. For it is typical of Utopian strivings that, in order to demonstrate their practicability, they hatch "practical" recipes with the greatest possible details. To this also belongs the project of the "United States of Europe" as a basis for the limitation of international militarism.

* Plausible as the idea of the United States of Europe as a peace arrangement may seem to some at first glance, it has on closer examination not the least thing in common with the method of thought and the standpoint of social democracy . . . At the present stage of development of the world market and of [[world economy]], the conception of Europe as an isolated economic unit is a sterile concoction of the brain. Europe no more forms a special unit within world economy than does Asia or America.

* The times when the centre of gravity of political development and the crystallising agent of capitalist contradictions lay on the European continent, are long gone by. To-day Europe is only a link in the tangled chain of international connections and contradictions.

=== The Russian Revolution (1918) ===

* As the entire middle class, the bourgeois and petty bourgeois intelligentsia, boycotted the Soviet government for months after the October Revolution and crippled the railroad, post and telegraph, and educational and administrative apparatus, and, in this fashion, opposed the workers government, naturally all measures of pressure were exerted against it. These included the deprivation of political rights, of economic means of existence, etc., in order to break their resistance with an iron fist. It was precisely in this way that the socialist dictatorship expressed itself, for it cannot shrink from any use of force to secure or prevent certain measures involving the interests of the whole.
* The Leninist agrarian reform has created a new and powerful layer of popular enemies of socialism on the countryside, enemies whose resistance will be much more dangerous and stubborn than that of the noble large landowners.
** Chapter Two
* One is immediately struck with the obstinacy and rigid consistency with which Lenin and his comrades stuck to this slogan, a slogan which is in sharp contradiction to their otherwise outspoken centralism in politics as well as to the attitude they have assumed towards other democratic principles. Wile they showed a quite cool contempt for the Constituent Assembly, universal suffrage, freedom of press and assemblage, in short for the whole apparatus of basic democratic liberties of the people which, taken all together, constituted the "right of self-determination" inside Russia, they treated the right of self-determination of peoples as a jewel of democratic policy for the sake of which all practical considerations of real criticism had to be stilled.
** Chapter Three, "Nationalities Question"
* Every right of suffrage, like any political right in general, is not to be measured by some sort of abstract scheme of “justice,” or in terms of any other bourgeois-democratic phrases, but by the social and economic relationships for which it is designed. The right of suffrage worked out by the Soviet government is calculated for the transition period from the bourgeois-capitalist to the socialist form of society, that is, it is calculated for the period of the proletarian dictatorship. But, according to the interpretation of this dictatorship which Lenin and Trotsky represent, the right to vote is granted only to those who live by their own labor and is denied to everyone else.
** Chapter Five, "The Question of Suffrage"
* It makes no sense to regard the right of suffrage as a utopian product of fantasy, cut loose from social reality. And it is for this reason that it is not a serious instrument of the proletarian dictatorship. It is an anachronism, an anticipation of the juridical situation which is proper on the basis of an already completed socialist economy, but is not in the transition period of the proletarian dictatorship.
** Chapter Five, "The Question of Suffrage"
* The socialist system of society should only be, and can only be, an historical product, born out of the school of its own experiences, born in the course of its realization, as a result of the developments of living history, which – just like organic nature of which, in the last analysis, it forms a part – has the fine habit of always producing along with any real social need the means to its satisfaction, along with the task simultaneously the solution. However, if such is the case, then it is clear that socialism by its very nature cannot be decreed or introduced by ukase. It has as its prerequisite a number of measures of force – against property, etc. The negative, the tearing down, can be decreed; the building up, the positive, cannot. New Territory. A thousand problems. Only experience is capable of correcting and opening new ways.
** Chapter Six, "The Problem of Dictatorship"
* The Bolsheviks themselves will not want, with hand on heart, to deny that, step by step, they have to feel out the ground, try out, experiment, test now one way now another, and that a good many of their measures do not represent priceless pearls of wisdom. Thus it must and will be with all of us when we get to the same point–even if the same difficult circumstances may not prevail everywhere.
** Chapter Six, "The Problem of Dictatorship"
* Freedom only for the supporters of the government, only for the members of one party – however numerous they may be – is no freedom at all. '''Freedom is always and exclusively freedom for the one who thinks differently.''' Not because of any fanatical concept of “justice” but because all that is instructive, wholesome and purifying in political freedom depends on this essential characteristic, and its effectiveness vanishes when “freedom” becomes a special privilege.
** Chapter Six, "The Problem of Dictatorship"
[[File:Lenin-poster.jpg|thumb|right| Without general election, without unrestricted freedom of press and assembly, without a free struggle of opinion, life dies out in every public institution, becomes a mere semblance of life, in which only bureaucracy remains.]]
* When all this is eliminated, what really remains? In place of the representative bodies created by general, popular elections, Lenin and Trotsky have laid down the soviets as the only true representation of political life in the land as a whole, life in the soviets must also become more and more crippled. Without general elections, without unrestricted freedom of press and assembly, without a free struggle of opinion, life dies out in every public institution, becomes a mere semblance of life, in which only the bureaucracy remains as the active element. Public life gradually falls asleep, a few dozen party leaders of inexhaustible energy and boundless experience direct and rule. Among them, in reality only a dozen outstanding heads do the leading and an elite of the working class is invited from time to time to meetings where they are to applaud the speeches of the leaders, and to approve proposed resolutions unanimously – at bottom, then, a clique affair – a dictatorship, to be sure, not the dictatorship of the proletariat but only the dictatorship of a handful of politicians, that is a dictatorship in the bourgeois sense, in the sense of the rule of the Jacobins (the postponement of the Soviet Congress from three-month periods to six-month periods!)
** Chapter Six, "The Problem of Dictatorship"

=== Leninism or Marxism? (1904) ===

* One Step Forward, Two Steps Backward, written by Lenin, an outstanding member of the Iskra group, is a methodical exposition of the ideas of the ultra-centralist tendency in the Russian movement. The viewpoint presented with incomparable vigor and logic in this book, is that of pitiless centralism.
* Lenin's thesis is that the party Central Committee should have the privilege of naming all the local committees of the party. It should have the right to appoint the effective organs of all local bodies from Geneva to Liege, from Tomsk to Irkutsk. It should also have the right to impose on all of them its own ready-made rules of party conduct. It should have the right to rule without appeal on such questions as the dissolution and reconstitution of local organizations. This way,''' the Central Committee could determine, to suit itself, the composition of the highest party organs. The Central Committee would be the only thinking element in the party. All other groupings would be its executive limbs.'''

== Quotes about Luxemburg ==

[[File:RetratoDeRosaLuxemburgo.png|thumb|right|She did not contribute her brain alone to the working-class movement; she gave everything she had — her heart, her passion, her strong will, her very life. ~ [[w:Tony Cliff|Tony Cliff]] ]]
[[File:Zwickau Rosa Luxemburg Memorial.JPG|thumb|With a will, determination, selflessness and devotion for which words are too weak, she consecrated her whole life and her whole being to Socialism. ~ [[w:Clara Zetkin|Clara Zetkin]] ]]

* As the second decades of the new millennium nears completion we are beginning to truly understand what [[Rosa Luxemburg]] meant when she said: ''Bourgeois society stands at the crossroads, either transition to Socialism or regression into Barbarism.''
** [[W:CounterPunch|CounterPunch]], [https://www.counterpunch.org/2019/06/27/the-failed-venezuelan-coup-and-the-decline-of-us-hegemony/ ''The Failed Venezuelan Coup and the Decline of US Hegemony,'' Peter Bolton,] (27 June 2019)

* '''Franz Mehring, the biographer of [[Karl Marx|Marx]], did not exaggerate when he called Rosa Luxemburg the best brain after Marx. But she did not contribute her brain alone to the working-class movement; she gave everything she had — her heart, her passion, her strong will, her very life.'''
** [[w:Tony Cliff|Tony Cliff]], in his Introduction to ''Rosa Luxemburg, Ideas in Action'' (1972) by Paul Frölich, p. ix

* '''A passion for truth made Rosa Luxemburg recoil from any dogmatic thought.''' In a period when Stalinism has largely turned Marxism into a dogma, spreading desolation in the field of ideas, '''Rosa Luxemburg's writings are invigorating and life-giving. Nothing was more intolerable to her than bowing down to "infallible authorities".''' As a real disciple of Marx she was able to think and act independently of her master.
** [[w:Tony Cliff|Tony Cliff]], in his Introduction to ''Rosa Luxemburg, Ideas in Action'' (1972) by Paul Frölich, p. x

* During a period when so many who consider themselves Marxists sap Marxism of its deep humanistic content, no one can do more to release us from the chains of lifeless mechanistic materialism than Rosa Luxemburg. For Marx communism (or socialism) was "real humanism", "a society in which the full and free development of every individual is the ruling principle".
** [[w:Tony Cliff|Tony Cliff]], in his Introduction to ''Rosa Luxemburg, Ideas in Action'' (1972) by Paul Frölich, p. x

* Rosa was saved from personal, inner disaster during the great betrayals of the First World War by several, all rather tough-minded, characteristics. She had a tenacious orthodoxy: she was perfectly confident of the sufficiency of Marxism as an answer, though she was more humane about it than [[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]]. '''She had a warm, purely human love of people — physically, their smell and touch and comradeship.''' And a kind of Jewish indomitable guts, that ultimate unkillability which comes only from grandparents in ''yamulke'' and horsehair wig.
** [[Kenneth Rexroth]], in [http://www.cddc.vt.edu/bps/rexroth/essays/simone-weil.htm his essay] "[[Simone Weil]]", in ''The Nation'' (12 January 1957)

* '''With a will, determination, selflessness and devotion for which words are too weak, she consecrated her whole life and her whole being to Socialism.''' She gave herself completely to the cause of Socialism, not only in her tragic death, but throughout her whole life, daily and hourly, through the struggles of many years ... '''She was the sharp sword, the living flame of revolution.'''
** [[w:Clara Zetkin|Clara Zetkin]], her closest friend, as quoted in ''Rosa Luxemburg, Ideas in Action'' (1972) by Paul Frölich, p. x

* '''Rosa Luxemburg is an outstanding example of a type of mind that is often met with in the history of Marxism and appears to be specially attracted by the Marxist outlook.''' It is characterized by slavish submission to authority, together with a belief that in that submission the values of scientific thought can be preserved. No doctrine was so well suited as Marxism to satisfy both these attitudes, or to provide a mystification combining extreme dogmatism with the cult of “scientific” thinking, in which the disciple could find mental and spiritual peace. Marxism thus played the part of a religion for the intelligentsia, which did not prevent some of them, like Rosa Luxemburg herself, from trying to improve the deposit of faith by reverting to first principles, thus strengthening their own belief that they were independent of dogma.
** Polish historian and philosopher [[w:Leszek Kołakowski|Leszek Kołakowski]], ''Main Currents of Marxism: Volume II: The Golden Age'', Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1978, pp. 94-5

{{misattributed begin}}

== Misattributed ==

* Those who do not move, do not notice their chains.

As is often the case, this quote appears to be something Luxemburg could have said or written, but searches for a source have been unsuccessful<ref>https://librarianshipwreck.wordpress.com/2013/07/06/reference-desk-unanswered-questions/</ref>. While Luxemburg often used metaphors of breaking or shattering chains, this, apparently, is not one of them.

{{misattributed end}}

=== Notes ===

{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

{{wikipedia}}
{{commonscat}}
* [http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/luxembur.htm Brief biography at Kirjasto (Pegasos)]
* [http://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/index.htm Rosa Luxemburg Internet Archive] a free library of her works at [[w:Marxists.org|Marxists.org]]
* [http://www.rosalux.de/engl/home.htm Website of the Rosa Luxemburg Foundation]

=== German language ===

* [http://www.marxists.org/deutsch/archiv/luxemburg/index.htm Rosa Luxemburg Internet Archive] on [[w:Marxists.org|Marxists.org]], also available in English, see above.
* [http://Die-Rote-Fahne.de ''Die Rote Fahne'' (The Red Flag)].
* [http://www.dieterwunderlich.de/Rosa_Luxemburg.htm Short biography]
* [http://www.glasnost.de/klassiker/luxem3.html ''Zur Russischen Revolution'' (On the Russian Revolution), 1922]
* [http://www.die-kaempferin.de ''Das Leben von Rosa Luxemburg'' (The life of Rosa Luxemburg)].

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[[Category:1919 deaths]]
[[Category:Anti-war activists]]
[[Category:Economists from Germany]]
[[Category:Executed people]]
[[Category:German atheists]]
[[Category:German communists]]
[[Category:German Jews]]
[[Category:German socialists]]
[[Category:Jewish atheists]]
[[Category:Jewish socialists]]
[[Category:Left communists]]
[[Category:Libertarian Marxists‎]]
[[Category:Marxist feminists]]
[[Category:Philosophers from Germany]]
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[[Category:Revolutionaries]]

Crisis

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[[File:War-of-the-worlds-tripod.jpg|thumb|alt=War-of-the-worlds-tripod|The [[Alien (franchise)|alien]] invasion in [[War of the Worlds]] was a fictitious crisis.]]

A '''[[w:Crisis|crisis]]''' is an unstable or crucial time or state of affairs in which a decisive change is impending. Major Crises on the world scale are especially applicable in the study of [[International Relations]].

[[File:Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn 021.jpg|thumb|Man has the "habit of crisis"... They evoke confidence when surmounted, and produce greatly expanded vision.]]
== Quotes ==

* '''Today's real borders are not between nations, but between powerful and powerless, free and fettered, privileged and humiliated.''' Today, no walls can separate [[Humanitarian crisis|humanitarian]] or human rights crises in one part of the world from national security crises in another.
** [[Kofi Annan]], Nobel lecture, Oslo, Norway, (10 December 2001)

*Shirk not these crises, hard and difficult though they may appear to be. Difficult they are. Forget not that the habit of confronting crises, is a long-established one within the consciousness of humanity. Man has the "habit of crisis", if I may so call it. They are only the points of examination... They evoke confidence when surmounted, and produce greatly expanded vision. They foster compassion and understanding, for the pain and inner conflict they have engendered is never forgotten, for they draw upon the resources of the heart. They release the light of wisdom within the field of knowledge, and the world is thereby enriched.
**[[Alice Bailey]] in ''A Treatise on the Seven Rays: Volume 3, Lucis Trust Pubishing'' (1951) p. 477

*Unless such moments of crisis occur, the life simmers down to a general dead level and (even if useful) offers not the chance for an extreme effort with its consequent need to draw upon the full resources of the soul. (5 – 269).
**[[Alice Bailey]] in ''Discipleship in the New Age I'', (1944) ISBN 978-0-85330-103-5.

*The creative crisis (for Humanity) has been made possible by three major happenings:
# The conclusion of a twenty-five thousand year cycle or movement around what is called the lesser zodiac. This connotes a major cycle of experience in the life of our planetary Logos . . .
# The end of the Piscean Age. This simply means that the energies coming from Pisces during the last two thousand years, are now being rapidly superseded by energies coming from [[Age of Aquarius|Aquarius]]. These result in major changes...
# The increasingly dominant activity of the seventh Ray of Order or Ceremonial Magic, as it is somewhat erroneously called. This ray is now coming into manifestation, and is in close co-operation with the two above factors. (18 – 550/1).
:*[[Alice Bailey]] in ''A Treatise on the Seven Rays: Volume 5'', (1960) ISBN 978-0-85330-122-6.

* '''When a [[w:Financial crisis|crisis]] hits all the bullshit about the market is thrown to the winds. And that is just [[2020 stock market crash|what we are seeing now]]. Faced with the [[w:Economic collapse|collapse]] of the capitalist economy, for the second time in a dozen years, with massive bankruptcies on the table and the [[stock market]] plunging by more than 30 percent and more to come, fervent advocates of the free market are now embracing [[w:Economic intervention|government intervention]] to save their skins. [...] The current crisis demonstrates not only that all the ideological nonsense about the virtues of the [[free market]] is quickly thrown overboard when [[Bourgeoisie|capitalist]] interests are threatened, but also that the idea that governments are essentially powerless in the face of the markets is rubbish. Governments are not helpless victims who cannot do anything in the face of “economic reality”. In the normal course of events, when we demand things like better welfare, health care or education, governments tell us that it isn’t possible. [[Working class|Workers]] every day face their own [[w:Crisis#Personal|personal crises]] – lack of money to pay the rent or the possibility of defaulting on their mortgage because theboss didn’t call them in for work this week, overdue utility bills that must be paid or risk being cut off, [[w:Cost of raising a child|expenses for children]]’s education that fall due, the fear of redundancy. These are crises that are experienced personally but are really a collective crisis of everyday life for working class people. But when we ask for governments to respond, we are told that addressing these things collectively is not possible, and that this is just the way things are. But when the capitalist system goes into crisis, governments act promptly. It turns out that political decisions about the economy are possible and it is wholly possible for governments to tell the markets to go jump.'''
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

*Our crises show us the ways in which our institutions have betrayed nature. We have equated the good life with material consumption, we have dehumanized work and made it needlessly competitive, we are uneasy about our capacities for learning and teaching. Wildly expensive medical care has made little advance against chronic and catastrophic illness while becoming steadily more impersonal, more intrusive. Our government is complex and unresponsive, our social support system is breaking at every stress point. The potential for rescue at this time of crisis is neither luck, coincidence, nor wishful thinking. Armed with a more sophisticated understanding of how change occurs, we know that the very forces that have brought us to planetary brinksmanship carry in them the seeds of renewal. The current disequilibrium— personal and social—foreshadows a new kind of society. Roles, relationships, institutions, and old ideas are being reexamined, reformulated, redesigned.
**[[Marilyn_Ferguson#The_Aquarian_Conspiracy_(1980)|Marilyn Ferguson in ''The Aquarian Conspiracy'', Chapter 1]] (1980)

*For the first time in history, humankind has come upon the control panel of change—an understanding of how transformation occurs. We are living in the change of change, the time in which we can intentionally align ourselves with nature for rapid remaking of ourselves and our collapsing institutions.
**[[Marilyn_Ferguson#The_Aquarian_Conspiracy_(1980)|Marilyn Ferguson in ''The Aquarian Conspiracy'', Chapter 1]] (1980)

*''We are at a very exciting moment in history, perhaps a turning point,'' said [[Ilya Prigogine]], who won the 1977 Nobel prize for a theory that describes transformations, not only in the physical sciences but also in society—the role of stress and "perturbations" that can thrust us into a new, higher order. Science, he said, is proving the reality of a ''deep cultural vision.'' The poets and philosophers were right in their intimations of an open, creative universe. Transformation, innovation, evolution—these are the natural responses to crisis. The crises of our time, it becomes increasingly clear, are the necessary impetus for the revolution now under way. And once we understand nature's transformative powers, we see that it is our powerful ally, not a force to be feared or subdued. Our pathology is our opportunity.
**[[Marilyn_Ferguson#The_Aquarian_Conspiracy_(1980)|Marilyn Ferguson in ''The Aquarian Conspiracy'', Chapter 1]] (1980)

*In every age, said scientist-philosopher [[Pierre Teilhard de Chardin]], man has proclaimed himself at a turning point in history. " And to a certain extent, as he is advancing on a rising spiral, he has not been wrong. But there are moments when this impression of transformation becomes accentuated and is thus particularly justified." Teilhard prophesied the phenomenon central to this book: a conspiracy of men and women whose new perspective would trigger a critical contagion of change. Throughout history virtually all efforts to remake society began by altering its outward form and organization.
**[[Marilyn_Ferguson#The_Aquarian_Conspiracy_(1980)|Marilyn Ferguson in ''The Aquarian Conspiracy'', Chapter 1]] (1980)

* '''Without debate, without criticism, no Administration and no country can succeed — and no republic can survive.''' [...] And that is why our press was protected by the First Amendment — the only business in America specifically protected by the Constitution — not primarily to amuse and entertain, not to emphasize the trivial and the sentimental, not to simply "give the public what it wants" — but to inform, to arouse, to reflect, to state our dangers and our opportunities, to indicate our crises and our choices, to lead, mold, educate and sometimes even anger public opinion.
** [[John F. Kennedy]], in an ''Address before the American Newspaper Publishers Association.'' (27 April 1961)

* Crisis is the mother of history. Beginning with Herodotus the urge to write history has been bound up with the need to explain the seemingly inexplicable reversals of fortune suffered by nations and empires. The best histories satisfy that need while still capturing the openness and unpredictability of human action, though the best histories are not always the most memorable. Historians who offer “multicausal explanations”—and use phrases like that—do not last, while those who discover the hidden wellspring of absolutely everything are imitated and attacked but never forgotten.
** Mark Lilla, "Mr. Casaubon in America", ''The New York Review of Books'' (June 28, 2007)

* Most of us seldom take the trouble to think. It is a troublesome and fatiguing process and often leads to uncomfortable conclusions. But''' crises and deadlocks when they occur have at least this advantage, that they force us to think.'''
** [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] ''The Unity of India : Collected Writings, 1937-1940,'' (1942), p. 94

* Crisis in its simplest terms is defined as an upset in a [[steady state]]... the habitual problem-solving activities are not adequate and do not rapidly lead to the previously achieved balance state
** Lydia Rapoport, "The state of crisis: Some theoretical considerations." The Social Service Review (1962): 211-217.

*Let them understand in America that the crisis in the country itself is nothing less than a battlefield. There is no better possibility! The Teaching says that while the human spirit is in happy and comfortable harbors it will never awaken. Therefore, only in the days of shocks is it possible to expect spiritual ascent and the realization of true values. The threatening time will compel many to look for a way out and salvation. Try to be at your best, and connect yourselves with the great Focus without delay! Let nobody be deceived by apparent calmness, as it is very deceptive—such calmness may be more dangerous than a storm.
**[[Helena Roerich]], Letters I, (11 June 1931)

* Now it is time to encourage the [[w:Bank for International Settlements|BIS]] and other regulatory bodies to support studies on stress-test and concentration methodologies. Planning for crises is more important than [[w:Value-at-Risk|VAR]] analysis.
** [[Myron Scholes]] ''American Economic Review'' (May 2000)

*The best indicator of your level of [[consciousness]] is how you deal with life's challenges when they come. Through those challenges, an already unconscious person tends to become more deeply unconscious, and a conscious person more intensely conscious. You can use a challenge to [[awaken]] you, or you can allow it to pull you into even deeper sleep. The dream of ordinary unconsciousness then turns into a [[nightmare]]. If you cannot be present even in normal circumstances, such as when you are sitting alone in a room, walking in the woods, or listening to someone, then you certainly won't be able to stay conscious when something "goes wrong" or you are faced with difficult people or situations, with loss or the threat of loss. You will be taken over by a reaction, which ultimately is always some form of fear, and pulled into deep unconsciousness. Those challenges are your tests.
**[[Eckhart Tolle]] in ''[[The Power of Now: A Guide to Spiritual Enlightenment]]'' (1997) p.51

*When such challenges come, as they always do, make it a habit to go within at once and focus as much as you can on the inner energy field of your body. This need not take long, just a few seconds. But you need to do it the moment that the challenge presents itself. Any delay will allow a conditioned mental-emotional reaction to arise and take you over.
**[[Eckhart Tolle]] in ''[[The Power of Now: A Guide to Spiritual Enlightenment]]'' (1997) p. 76

*As the [[Ego|egoic]] mode of consciousness and all the social, political, and economic structures that it created enter the final stage of collapse, the relationships between men and women reflect the deep state of [[crisis]] in which humanity now finds itself. As humans have become increasingly identified with their [[mind]], most relationships are not rooted in Being and so turn into a source of pain and become dominated by [[problems]] and [[conflict]].
**[[Eckhart Tolle]] in ''[[The Power of Now: A Guide to Spiritual Enlightenment]]'' (1997) p. 99

* Great crises require great solutions.
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]] on the [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|Coronavirus pandemic]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!]'' (March 14, 2020), ''Left Voice''.

* These are the visionary, mystical moments, when a man '[[William Butler Yeats|completes his partial mind]]'. '''His everyday conscious self is only a small part of the mind, like the final [[crescent]] of the moon. In moments of crisis, the full moon suddenly appears.'''
** [[Colin Wilson]] in ''Poetry and Mysticism'', p. 156 (1969)

* Why is it so hard to keep the mind concentrated, and to live up to our good resolutions? The problem is the basically ''mechanical'' nature of our left-brain consciousness. We have a kind of robot servant who does things for us: we earn to type or drive a car, painfully and consciously, then our robot takes over, and does it far more quickly and efficiently. Because man is the most complex creature on Earth, he is forced to rely on his robot far more than other animals. The result is that, whenever he gets tired, the robot takes over. For the modern city dweller, most of his everyday living is done by the robot. This is why it takes an [[Crisis|emergency]] to concentrate the mind 'wonderfully', and why we forget so quickly.
** [[Colin Wilson]] in ''Alien Dawn'', p. 344 (1998)

==See also==
* [[Challenge|Challenge]]
* [[Difficulties]]

== External links ==

{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wiktionary|crises}}

[[Category:Themes]]

Corporate welfare

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'''{{w|Corporate welfare}}''' is often used to describe a government's bestowal of [[w:Grant (money)|money grants]], {{w|tax break}}s, or other special favorable treatment for [[corporation]]s.
==Quotes==

* One of the most prevalent ideological mantras of [[w:Western world|Western]] [[capitalism]] is that the [[market]] should rule. But as the [[w:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|latest health]] and [[2020 stock market crash|economic crises]] demonstrate, capitalists soon forget their worship of the market when times get tough. They scream for government money, and plenty of it. It turns out that “the market” is fine when it comes to whipping [[Working class|workers]] to accept [[w:Wage slavery#Lower wages|lower wages]], but when it comes to lower [[profit]]s, the market can go hang.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* [[Laissez-faire|Capitalists preach “the market”]] for the working class – stand on your own two feet, [[Welfare|don’t rely on the government]] – but themselves sponge off the public big time. Just look at the billions in [[w:Energy subsidy|subsidies]] and [[w:Tax incentive|tax concessions]] the [[w:Fossil fuel#Industry|fossil fuel companies]], huge enterprises for the most part, extract from state and federal governments [[w:Energy policy of Australia#Fossil fuels|in Australia]]. [[w:Automotive industry in Australia|The vehicle manufacturers]] raked in hundreds of millions a year from the {{w|Australian government}} for decades until deciding it wasn’t enough and went overseas. This is why [[w:Big business|big companies]] and [[industry]] groups hire armies of [[w:Revolving door (politics)|former politicians to lobby]] on their behalf in the offices of [[w:Premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories|premiers]] and [[w:Prime Minister of Australia|prime ministers]] – there’s money in government coffers and they want it. And while the capitalists talk about “the market” setting [[wages]] for workers, in reality, they don’t really allow the market to do the job. They use the whole apparatus of [[Oppression|state repression]], the [[w:Labor court|industrial tribunals]], the [[police]], the courts to suppress [[w:Labor rights|workers]]’ [[Freedom of association|rights to organise]] to pursue their demands. But when a [[w:Financial crisis|crisis]] hits all the bullshit about the market is thrown to the winds. And that is just what we are seeing now. Faced with the [[w:Economic collapse|collapse]] of the capitalist economy, for the second time in a dozen years, with massive bankruptcies on the table and the [[stock market]] plunging by more than 30 percent and more to come, fervent advocates of the free market are now embracing [[w:Economic intervention|government intervention]] to save their skins.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* {{w|The Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry}} is urging the federal government to provide wage subsidies to workers, equivalent in value to Newstart to all businesses experiencing a sharp downturn. It is also asking the government to provide [[w:Loan#Concessional|concessional loans]] of up to half a million dollars, with 80 percent of the [[debt]] guaranteed by government, as well as wage subsidies to cover [[w:Sick leave#Australia|sick leave]] entitlements. Nothing but corporate welfare of a kind that they have long decried when applied to workers themselves. In the short term, working class households will get some benefits from this cash splash. In [[w:Social security in Australia|Australia welfare]] beneficiaries will be getting $750 in their bank accounts. [[Social programs in the United States|in In the United States]] it is likely that Americans will receiving close to $1,000. But this is just short term relief to get the economy moving. The long term benefits will go to the capitalist [[w:Marxian class theory|class]] in the form of {{w|tax cuts}} and other financial concessions. The current crisis demonstrates not only that all the ideological nonsense about the virtues of the free market is quickly thrown overboard when capitalist interests are threatened, but also that the idea that governments are essentially powerless in the face of the markets is rubbish. Governments are not helpless victims who cannot do anything in the face of “economic reality”. In the normal course of events, when we demand things like better welfare, health care or education, governments tell us that it isn’t possible.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* It’s not that governments have suddenly discovered a big pot of gold in the basement of the {{w|central banks}}. They say that they are taking these measures to both protect {{w|public health}} and to save the economy. But it’s obvious which takes priority. The new measures constitute the largest [[bailout]] bonanza in world history, carried out through state-administered transfers of public wealth and current and future debt to [[billionaires]] and big business: [[w:Socialization (Marxism)|socialisation]] of losses, [[privatisation]] of profits. The outcome will be to further transfer, consolidate and [[w:Economic inequality#Wealth concentration|concentrate wealth]], just as has occurred since the [[Financial crisis of 2007–08|GFC]]. While there is discussion about small handouts, nothing serious is being proposed to halt the mass layoffs now gathering steam.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

*The Pentagon will get an extra $165 billion over the next two years—that’s even more than Donald Trump asked for...The figures contained in the recent budget deal that kept Congress open, as well as in President Trump’s budget proposal for 2019, are a case in point: $700 billion for the Pentagon and related programs in 2018 and $716 billion the following year. Remarkably, such numbers far exceeded even the Pentagon’s own expansive expectations.... The majority of Republican fiscal conservatives were thrilled to sign off on a Pentagon increase that, combined with the Trump tax cut for the rich, funds ballooning deficits as far as the eye can see—a total of $7.7 trillion worth of them over the next decade.
**[[William D. Hartung]], ''[https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/the-military-industrial-complex-is-on-corporate-welfare/ The Military-Industrial Complex Is on Corporate Welfare]'' (February 27, 2018), ''{{w|The Nation}}''

* The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented [[w:Global health|global]] [[W:Health crisis|health]], social and economic crisis. Historical comparisons are few, particularly in recent decades. This tragedy constitutes nothing less than a trial for all [[humanity]]. [...] The pandemic, in other words, is now testing the capacity of our [[w:Political system|political]] and [[economic systems]] to cope with a global problem situated at the level of our [[individual]] [[interdependence]], which is to say at the very foundation of our social life. [...] We equally depend on the state to help businesses of all sizes endure this trial by providing them with the financial assistance and guaranteed [[loan]]s they require in order to avoid [[bankruptcy]] and retain as much of their {{w|workforce}} as possible. States no longer have any qualms about spending without limits in order to save the economy ⁠— "whatever it takes!" ⁠— while just weeks ago states opposed any request to increase [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Health workers|hospital staff]], [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Intensive care beds|hospital beds]], or emergency services, out of its obsessive concern for [[w:Budget constraint|budgetary constraint]] and limiting the [[public debt]]. States have since rediscovered the virtues of [[w:Economic interventionism|interventionism]], at least when it comes to funding {{w|private enterprise}} and shoring up the {{w|financial system}}.
** [[Christian Laval]], ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), co-written with Pierre Dardot, ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* The desperate [[policies]] of panic-driven governments [[w:Economic interventionism|involve throwing huge amounts of money]] at the economies collapsed in response to the coronavirus threat. {{w|Monetary authoritie}}s [[w:Money creation|create money]] and [[w:Loan|lend it]] at extremely low {{w|interest rate}}s to the [[Big business|major]] [[corporations]] and especially big [[banks]] "to get them through the crisis." [[w:Lender of last resort|Government treasuries]] borrow vast sums to get the [[w:Economic collapse|collapsed economy]] back into what they imagine is "[[Status quo|the normal]], pre-virus economy." [[Capitalism]]'s leaders are rushing into [[w:Governance failure#Policy failure|policy failures]] because of their [[ideological]] blinders.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], ''[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''.

== External links ==
{{Wikipedia}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Corporate welfare}}
[[Category:Business]]
[[Category:Welfare]]

Capitalism

2020-10-19T15:48:25Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880534 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:Marketplace Duisburg.jpg|thumb|It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. ~ [[Adam Smith]]]]
[[File:2017-08-15 Sunriver 05.jpg|thumb|Private vices by the dextrous management of a skillful politician may be turned into public benefits. ~ [[Bernard de Mandeville]]]]
[[File:Bernard Mandeville.png|thumb|Every part was full of vice, yet the whole mass a paradise. ~ [[Bernard de Mandeville]]]]
[[File:Lee Camp, Rosario Dawson & Mark Bartlett (27878598131) (Lee Camp cropped).jpg|thumb|Like cancer, capitalism grows until it murders the host body... If we take away the false promises of capitalism and just say to people, “Private luxury is only for a few humans. You will never have it and won’t even have the chance at getting it” – if we admit that – then the entire justification for capitalism evaporates. ~[[Lee Camp]] ]]
[[File:Euro Sculpture.jpg|thumb|right|Capitalism is presumably the first case of a blaming, rather than a repenting cult. ... An enormous feeling of guilt not itself knowing how to repent, grasps at the cult, not in order to repent for this guilt, but to make it universal, to hammer it into consciousness and finally and above all to include God himself in this guilt. ~ [[Walter Benjamin]]]]
[[File:Usdollar100front.jpg|thumb|right|Capitalism is an offshoot of a devouring and overwhelming lust, of a kind that can hold sway only in a society that has deliberately renounced the Christian [[asceticism]] and turned away from Heaven to give itself over exclusively to earthly gratifications. ... It is the result of a secularization of economic life, and by it the hierarchical subordination of the material to the spiritual is inverted. ~ [[Nikolai Berdyaev]]]]
[[File:Allan Boesak (1986).jpg|thumb|There was a time when people of the rich nations of the world regarded poverty as a "natural condition" for those living in the poor nations of the world. ... Today we have largely been stripped of this pseudo-innocence. We know that the poor are so poor because the rich are so rich, that the causes of poverty can be traced to deliberate decisions and deliberate economic and political policies designed to benefit the rich and powerful. We know that poverty and unemployment are not just accidents of history but deliberate, even indispensable, components of capitalism as an economic system. ~ [[Allan Boesak]]]]
[[File:Global Distribution of Wealth v3.svg|thumb|Vulgar [[libertarian]] apologists for capitalism use the term "[[free market]]" in an equivocal sense: they seem to have trouble remembering, from one moment to the next, whether they’re defending actually existing capitalism or free market principles. ... When prodded, they’ll grudgingly admit that the present system is not a free market, and that it includes a lot of state intervention on behalf of the rich. But as soon as they think they can get away with it, they go right back to defending the wealth of existing corporations. ~ [[Kevin Carson]]]]
[[File:Gated Community Barrier - geograph.org.uk - 54408.jpg|thumb|right|It is as if someone were to take the first seat in the theater, then bar everyone else from attending, so that one person alone enjoys what is offered for the benefit of all in common. ~ [[Basil of Caesarea]]]]
[[File:US incarceration timeline-clean.svg|thumb|The new community which the capitalists are now constructing will be a very complete and absolute community; and one which will tolerate nothing really independent of itself. ~ [[G. K. Chesterton|G. K. Chesterton]]]]
[[File:American corporate flag.jpg|thumb|Private capital tends to become concentrated in few hands, partly because of competition among the capitalists, and partly because technological development and the increasing division of labor encourage the formation of larger units of production at the expense of smaller ones. The result of these developments is an [[oligarchy]] of private capital the enormous power of which cannot be effectively checked even by a [[democratically]] organized political society. This is true since the members of legislative bodies are selected by [[political parties]], largely [[Lobbying|financed or otherwise influenced]] by private capitalists who, for all practical purposes, separate the electorate from the legislature. The consequence is that the representatives of the people do not in fact sufficiently protect the interests of the underprivileged sections of the population. ... Private capitalists inevitably control, directly or indirectly, the [[w:Media bias|main sources of information]] (press, radio, education). It is thus extremely difficult, and indeed in most cases quite impossible, for the individual citizen to come to objective conclusions and to make intelligent use of his [[w:Civil and political rights|political rights]]. ~ [[Albert Einstein]]]]
[[File:Engels 1856.jpg|thumb|The capitalists soon had everything in their hands and nothing remained to the workers. ~ [[Friedrich Engels]]]]
[[File:Canonization 2014- The Canonization of Saint John XXIII and Saint John Paul II (14036966125).jpg|thumb|While the earnings of a minority are growing exponentially, so too is the gap separating the majority from the prosperity enjoyed by those happy few. This imbalance is the result of ideologies which defend the absolute autonomy of the marketplace and financial speculation. Consequently, they reject the right of states, charged with vigilance for the common good, to exercise any form of control. A new tyranny is thus born, invisible and often virtual, which unilaterally and relentlessly imposes its own laws and rules. ... The thirst for power and possessions knows no limits. In this system, which tends to devour everything which stands in the way of increased profits, whatever is fragile, like the environment, is defenseless before the interests of a deified market, which become the only rule. ~ [[Pope Francis|Pope Francis]]]]
[[File:NYSE127.jpg|thumb|Freedom in this instance clearly came along with the free market and the development of capitalist institutions. ... History suggests only that capitalism is a necessary condition for political freedom. ~ [[Milton Friedman]]]]
[[File:NYSE Wall St 2002.jpg|thumb|I think it is only because capitalism has proved so enormously more efficient than alternative methods that it has survived. ~ [[Milton Friedman]]]]
[[File:Alan Greenspan color photo portrait.jpg|thumb|Capitalism is based on self-interest and self-esteem; it holds integrity and trustworthiness as cardinal virtues and makes them pay off in the marketplace, thus demanding that men survive by means of virtue, not vices. ~ [[Alan Greenspan]]]]
[[File:Ford 1921.jpg|thumb|The model for us rich guys should be Henry Ford. When Ford famously introduced the $5 day, which was twice the prevailing wage at the time, he didn't just increase the productivity of his factories, he converted exploited autoworkers who were poor into a thriving middle class who could now afford to buy the products that they made. Ford intuited what we now know is true... Raising wages increases demand, which increases hiring, which in turn increases wages and demand and profits, and that virtuous cycle of increasing prosperity is precisely what is missing from today's economic... ~[[Nick Hanauer]]]]
[[File:Corporate greed octopus.jpg|thumb| [[Greed]] is not good. Being rapacious doesn't make you a capitalist, it makes you a [[sociopath]]. And in an [[economy]] as dependent upon [[cooperation]] at scale as ours, sociopathy is as bad for business as it is for society.... [[Neoliberal]] economic theory has sold itself to you as unchangeable natural law, when in fact it's social norms and constructed narratives based on [[pseudoscience]]. If we truly want a more equitable, more prosperous and more sustainable economy, if we want high-functioning [[democracies]] and [[civil society]], we must have a new economics. ~[[Nick Hanauer]] ]]
[[File:Kasparow garri 20100521 berlin 5.jpg|thumb|The failure of capitalism is still much better than the success of [[socialism]]. ~ [[Garry Kasparov]]]]
[[File:Martin_Luther_King_Jr_NYWTS_6.jpg|thumb|The evils of capitalism are as real as the evils of [[militarism]] and evils of [[racism]]. ~ [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] ]]
[[File:Vaclav Maly - Cabbage Market 060.jpg|thumb|Capitalism and the [[market]] are presented as synonymous, but they are not. ~ [[w:David Korten|Dave Korten]]]]
[[File:January 20 riot cops D.C..jpg|thumb|The systems advocated by professed upholders of ''[[laissez-faire]]'' are in reality permeated with coercive restrictions of individual freedom. ... In protecting property the government is doing something quite apart from merely keeping the peace. It is exerting coercion wherever that is necessary to protect each owner, not merely from violence, but also from peaceful infringement of his sole right to enjoy the thing owned. ~ [[Robert Lee Hale]]]]
[[File:Nick Hanauer Laura Flanders 2016.png|thumb|I am a capitalist, and after a 30-year career in capitalism... I'm not just in the top one percent, I'm in the top .01 percent of all earners. Today, I have come to share the secrets... here's the dirty secret. There was a time in which the economics profession worked in the public interest, but in the neoliberal era, today, they work only for big corporations and billionaires... It isn't capital that creates economic growth, it's people... it isn't self-interest that promotes the public good, it's reciprocity; and it isn't [[competition]] that produces our prosperity, it's [[cooperation]]. ~[[Nick Hanauer]]]]
[[File:Homeless - American Flag.jpg|thumb|I want every man to have the chance, and I believe a black man is entitled to it, in which he can better his condition. When he may look forward and hope to be a hired laborer this year and the next, work for himself afterward, and finally to hire men to work for him! That is the true system. ~ [[Abraham Lincoln]]]]
[[File:US Capitol dome Jan 2006.jpg|thumb|The widespread assumption that big business and big government are fundamentally at odds, and that big business supports a free market, serves to maintain the ruling partnership in power. ... The establishment left disguises its government intervention on behalf of the rich as government intervention on behalf of the poor, while the right disguises its government intervention on behalf of the rich as an opposition to government intervention ''per se'' – and each side has an interest in maintaining the myth propagated by its nominal opponent. For those who are repelled by the realities of corporate capitalism are lured into becoming opponents of the free market and foot soldiers for the left wing of the ruling class, while those who are attracted by free-market ideals are lured into becoming defenders of corporate capitalism and foot soldiers for the right wing of the ruling class. Either way, the partnership as a whole has its power reinforced. ~ [[Roderick T. Long]]]]
[[File:Karl Marx.png|thumb|right|The [[bourgeoisie]], wherever it has got the upper hand, has put an end to all feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations. It has pitilessly torn asunder the motley feudal ties that bound man to his “natural superiors,” and has left no other bond between man and man than naked self-interest, than callous “cash payment.” It has drowned the most heavenly ecstasies of religious fervor, of chivalrous enthusiasm, of philistine sentimentalism, in the icy water of egotistical calculation. It has resolved personal worth into exchange value, and in place of the numberless indefeasible chartered freedoms, has set up that single, unconscionable freedom—Free Trade. ~ [[Karl Marx]]]]
[[File:Hermandad - friendship.jpg|thumb| An economic system of pure evil, in capitalism, your narrowest interests are advanced by [[cooperation]]. A genius system. ~ [[Jay Nordlinger]]]]
[[File:Crop (2) of Camille Paglia no Fronteiras do Pensamento São Paulo 2015.jpg|thumb|Capitalism is an art form. ~ [[Camille Paglia]]]]
[[File:Michael Parenti.jpg|thumb|The essence of capitalism is to turn nature into commodities and commodities into capital. The live green earth is transformed into dead gold bricks, with luxury items for the few and toxic slag heaps for the many. The glittering mansion overlooks a vast sprawl of shanty towns, wherein a desperate, demoralized humanity is kept in line with drugs, television, and armed force. ~ [[Michael Parenti]]]]
[[File:Piketty in Cambridge 3.jpg|thumb|When the [[rate of return]] on capital exceeds the rate of growth of output and income, as it did in the nineteenth century and seems quite likely to do again in the twenty-first, capitalism automatically generates arbitrary and unsustainable inequalities that radically undermine the meritocratic values on which democratic societies are based. ~ [[Thomas Piketty]]]]
[[File:Homeless Man.jpg|thumb|Capitalism is not merely the 'practical', but the only moral system in history. ~ [[Ayn Rand]]]]
[[File:Robber-barons2.png|thumb|Any sense of talk of equality or justice seems to just have the same effect that blasphemy has in religious societies. That is what capitalism has become—a form of religion that will brook no questioning. ~[[Arundhati Roy]]]]
[[File:Homeless person in New York City.jpg|thumb|One of the glaring failures of capitalism is the continuing widespread existence of poverty - often extreme poverty. Even in the advanced economies, many millions of people endure terrible economic and social deprivation, despite the incredible wealth all around them. ~ [[Jim Stanford]]]]
[[File:Mises Profile.png|thumb|The first condition for the establishment of perpetual [[peace]] is the general adoption of the principles of [[laissez-faire]] capitalism. ~ [[Ludwig von Mises]]]]
[[File:Mill Children in Macon 2.jpg|thumb|Every purely personal relationship of man to man, of whatever sort and even including complete enslavement, may be subjected to ethical requirements and ethically regulated. This is true because the structures of these relationships depend upon the individual wills of the participants, leaving room in such relations for manifestations of the virtue of charity. But this is not the situation in the realm of economically rationalised relationships, where personal control is exercised in inverse ratio to the degree of rational differentiation of the economic structure. ~ [[Max Weber]]]]
[[File:MartinLutherKingMalcolmX march 1964 cropped retouched.jpg|thumb|It is impossible for capitalism to survive, primarily because the [[system]] of capitalism needs some [[blood]] to suck. Capitalism used to be like an [[eagle]], but now it's more like a [[vulture]]. It used to be strong enough to go and suck anybody's blood whether they were strong or not. But now it has become more cowardly, like the vulture, and it can only suck the blood of the helpless. As the nations of the world free themselves, capitalism has less victims, less to suck, and it becomes weaker and weaker. It's only a matter of time in my opinion before it will collapse completely…. ~ [[Malcolm X]]]]
[[File:Malcolm-x.jpg|thumb|It's impossible for a white person to believe in capitalism and not believe in [[racism]]. ~ [[Malcolm X]]]]
'''{{w|Capitalism}}''' is an [[economic system]] and an [[ideology]] based on [[private ownership]] of the [[means of production]] and their operation for [[w:Profit (economics)|profit]]. Characteristics central to capitalism include private property, [[capital accumulation]], {{w|wage labor}}, {{w|voluntary exchange}}, a {{w|price system}}, and [[W:Competition (economics)|competitive markets]]. In a capitalist {{w|market economy}}, decision-making and investment are determined by the owners of the factors of production in [[W:Financial market|financial]] and {{w|capital market}}s, and prices and the distribution of goods are mainly determined by [[w:Competition (economics)|competition]] in the market.
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==A==

* We are going to have to live more economically than we do. And we can do that and, I believe we will do it more happily, not less happily. And that the excesses the capitalist system has brought us, have got to be curbed somehow.
** [[David Attenborough]], "[https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-54268038 Attenborough: 'Curb excess capitalism' to save nature]". BBC (7 October 2020)

*Socialism is not the invention of an individual. It is essentially the outcome of economic and social conditions. The evils that Capitalism brings differ in intensity in different countries, but, the root cause of the trouble once discerned, the remedy is seen to be the same by thoughtful men and women. The cause is the private ownership of the means of life; the remedy is public ownership.
**[[Clement Attlee]], ''The Labour Party in Perspective'' (Left Book Club, 1937), p. 15

==B==
*Trump would have us believe that these are our only two choices: We can either have smash-and-grab capitalism, where so many hands in the cookie jar has resulted in so many government scandals, and where the top 1 percent have more wealth than the bottom 90 percent, or we can have what’s happening in Venezuela, where the economy has collapsed and humanitarian and political crises have ensued.
**[[Krystal Ball]] in [https://thehill.com/opinion/campaign/428879-like-it-or-not-mr-president-many-americans-embrace-democratic-socialism "Like It or Not, Mr. President, Many Americans Embrace Democratic Socialism," ''The Hill''] (7 February 2019)

* 'But whom do I treat unjustly,' you say, 'by keeping what is my own?' Tell me, what is your own? What did you bring into this life? From where did you receive it? It is as if someone were to take the first seat in the theater, then bar everyone else from attending, so that one person alone enjoys what is offered for the benefit of all in common — this is what the rich do. They seize common goods before others have the opportunity, then claim them as their own by right of preemption. For if we all took only what was necessary to satisfy our own needs, giving the rest to those who lack, no one would be rich, no one would be poor, and no one would be in need.
** [[Basil of Caesarea]], Homily 6, “I Shall Tear Down My Barns,” C. P. Schroeder, trans., in ''Saint Basil on Social Justice'' (2009), p. 69

* A religion may be discerned in capitalism—that is to say, capitalism serves essentially to allay the same anxieties, torments, and disturbances to which the so-called religions offered answers.
** [[Walter Benjamin]], "Capitalism as Religion" (1921), translated by Rodney Livingstone in ''Walter Benjamin: Selected Writings'', Volume 1 (Harvard: 1996)

* Capitalism is presumably the first case of a blaming, rather than a repenting cult. ... An enormous feeling of guilt not itself knowing how to repent, grasps at the cult, not in order to repent for this guilt, but to make it universal, to hammer it into consciousness and finally and above all to include God himself in this guilt.
** [[Walter Benjamin]], "Capitalism as Religion" (1921), translated by Chad Kautzer in ''The Frankfurt School on Religion: Key Writings by the Major Thinkers'' (2005), p. 259

* The whole economic system of Capitalism is an offshoot of a devouring and overwhelming lust, of a kind that can hold sway only in a society that has deliberately renounced the Christian [[asceticism]] and turned away from Heaven to give itself over exclusively to earthly gratifications. ... It is the result of a secularization of economic life, and by it the hierarchical subordination of the material to the spiritual is inverted. The autonomy of economics has ended in their dominating the whole life of human societies: the worship of Mammon has become the determining force of the age. And the worst of it is that this undisguised “mammonism” is regarded as a very good thing, an attainment to the knowledge of truth and a release from illusions. Economic materialism formulates this to perfection when it brands the whole spiritual life of man as a deception and a dream.
** [[Nikolai Berdyaev]], ''The End of Our Time'' (1919), as translated by Donald Atwater (1933), p. 92

* But if capitalism had built up [[science]] as a productive force, the very character of the new [[mode of production]] was serving to make capitalism itself unnecessary.
** [[John Desmond Bernal]] (1959) ''Marx and Science''. p. 39

* In the aftermath of 10,000 years of incessant growth and endless wars that humanity waged upon itself, other species, and the earth, we now live amidst unsustainable global capitalism and a system of growth that is driving natural systems to an irreversible tipping point.
**[[Steven Best]], ''The Politics of Total Liberation: Revolution for the 21st Century'' (2014), p. 162

* Capitalism is a mode of socio-economic organization in which a class of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial institutions provide the [[capital]] with which businesses produce goods and services and employ [[workers]]. In return the capitalist extracts profits from the goods created. Capitalism is frequently seen as the embodiment of the market economy, and hence may result in the optimum distribution of scarce resources, with a resulting improvement for all; this optimism is countered by pointing to the opportunity for exploitation inherent in the system.
** [[Simon Blackburn]] ed. (1996) ''Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy''. Lemma "Capitalism"

* There was a time when people of the rich nations of the world regarded poverty as a "natural condition" for those living in the poor nations of the world. ... Today we have largely been stripped of this pseudo-innocence. We know that the poor are so poor because the rich are so rich, that the causes of poverty can be traced to deliberate decisions and deliberate economic and political policies designed to benefit the rich and powerful. We know that poverty and unemployment are not just accidents of history but deliberate, even indispensable, components of capitalism as an economic system.
** [[Allan Boesak]], ''Comfort and Protest'' (1987), p. 67

* The [[United States]] is the [[Darwinist]] capital of the capitalist world. A head afraid is a head haunted. A head haunted is a head hunted. Run for your life. Run from the guillotine to a head hunter who saves your head and raises your salary — so you’ll be caught in the red of the fish-market buying gadgets to distract your fragile imagination that is cut in the red market of blood—running and escaping — running again — changing your resume to update the fear you feel of being unemployed tomorrow — in the streets — and from there to [[welfare]] — and from there to [[begging]].
** [[Giannina Braschi]], "United States of Banana," AmazonCrossing, 2011.

* One of the most prevalent ideological mantras of [[w:Western world|Western]] capitalism is that the [[market]] should rule. But as the [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|latest health]] and [[2020 stock market crash|economic crises]] demonstrate, capitalists soon forget their worship of the market when times get tough. They scream [[Corporate welfare|for government money]], and plenty of it. It turns out that “the market” is fine when it comes to whipping [[Working class|workers]] to accept [[w:Wage slavery#Lower wages|lower wages]], but when it comes to lower [[profit]]s, the market can go hang.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* But there’s another angle to this. [[Laissez-faire|Capitalists preach “the market”]] for the working class – stand on your own two feet, [[Welfare|don’t rely on the government]] – but themselves sponge off the public big time. Just look at the billions in [[w:Energy subsidy|subsidies]] and [[w:Tax incentive|tax concessions]] the [[w:Fossil fuel#Industry|fossil fuel companies]], huge enterprises for the most part, extract from state and federal governments [[w:Energy policy of Australia#Fossil fuels|in Australia]]. [[w:Automotive industry in Australia|The vehicle manufacturers]] raked in hundreds of millions a year from the {{w|Australian government}} for decades until deciding it wasn’t enough and went overseas. This is why [[w:Big business|big companies]] and [[industry]] groups hire armies of [[w:Revolving door (politics)|former politicians to lobby]] on their behalf in the offices of [[w:Premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories|premiers]] and [[w:Prime Minister of Australia|prime ministers]] – there’s money in government coffers and they want it. And while the capitalists talk about “the market” setting [[wages]] for workers, in reality, they don’t really allow the market to do the job. They use the whole apparatus of [[Oppression|state repression]], the [[w:Labor court|industrial tribunals]], the [[police]], the courts to suppress [[w:Labor rights|workers]]’ [[Freedom of association|rights to organise]] to pursue their demands. But when a [[w:Financial crisis|crisis]] hits all the bullshit about the market is thrown to the winds. And that is just what we are seeing now. Faced with the [[w:Economic collapse|collapse]] of the capitalist economy, for the second time in a dozen years, with massive bankruptcies on the table and the [[stock market]] plunging by more than 30 percent and more to come, fervent advocates of the free market are now embracing [[w:Economic intervention|government intervention]] to save their skins.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* Workers every day face their own [[w:Crisis#Personal|personal crises]] – lack of money to pay the rent or the possibility of defaulting on their mortgage because the boss didn’t call them in for work this week, overdue utility bills that must be paid or risk being cut off, [[w:Cost of raising a child|expenses for children]]’s education that fall due, the fear of redundancy. These are crises that are experienced personally but are really a collective crisis of everyday life for working class people. But when we ask for governments to respond, we are told that addressing these things collectively is not possible, and that this is just the way things are. But when the capitalist system goes into crisis, governments act promptly. It turns out that political decisions about the economy are possible and it is wholly possible for governments to tell the markets to go jump. [...] So, in an economic emergency, few of the usual rules apply. Governments can marshal the resources and can threaten the narrow interests of [[w:Privately held company|private businesses]]. Hardcore [[w:Right-libertarianism|libertarians]] despise these measures as rampant socialism. From their perspective, they’re right: the very existence of such programs is condemnation of the [[free market]] capitalist model that they promote. But they are best seen only as another approach to the management of the capitalist economy. The fact that governments across the {{w|OECD}} are now prepared to spend trillions of dollar to save the {{w|financial system}} from collapse only confirms that the [[world economy]] cannot be left safely in the hands of “the market”. And, the situation clearly confirms that when the capitalist class and governments deem it necessary to save their system, lots of measures they once denounced as “unaffordable”, not permitted by the condition of “the economy”, are actually affordable and permitted. Governments can act when required. The ideological justifications of yesterday are revealed as threadbare. But nor are government interventions of this nature geared towards the interests of the working class, only the interests of the bosses.
** [[Tom Bramble]] on the [[2020 stock market crash]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

== C ==

*Like [[cancer]], [[capitalism]] grows until it murders the host body. During this pandemic shutdown, it’s not getting the growth it needs and parts of it are becoming benign...For years...we’ve been lost in the frenetic pace of lives based on non-events, never pausing to reassess or recess. The spastic motion of avoidance filled the ether — afraid if we stop to truly think about it, we may find our scant few years of [[consciousness]] are pissed away as slaves at often meaningless jobs. They, the pustulant corporate owners, suck away our lives...And now, with life on holiday, we see almost none of it was essential... As our planet disintegrates under the weight of consumption and greed, most people are trapped in extreme poverty. And that’s how the system of capitalism is designed. Slightly altering capitalism will not change this reality... If we take away the false promises of capitalism and just say to people, “Private luxury is only for a few humans. You will never have it and won’t even have the chance at getting it” – if we admit that – then the entire justification for capitalism evaporates... The pandemic shutdown has shown us the problem. It has revealed what the world looks like without as much pollution, without the chaos and roar of mostly meaningless “work” performed by the exploited, using materials stolen from the abused, for the benefit of the pampered and oblivious. Another world is possible, and we’ve just gotten a glimpse of it.
**[[Lee Camp]], [https://consortiumnews.com/2020/04/23/lee-camp-pandemic-is-not-just-a-crisis-its-also-a-gift/ Pandemic is Not Just a Crisis, It’s Also a Gift, ''Consortium News''], (23 April 2020)

*Let’s cut to the chase — and I’m sorry if the next statement upsets you — but in order to stop climate change and create a sustainable world, it requires the end of capitalism. I know I’m not “allowed” to say that. Saying such a thing would be heresy on one of the corporate media dog-and-pony bullshit infotainment hours. If I spoke that unholy fact on CNN or Fox News or CBS or NPR, a tranquilizer dart would immediately hit me in the neck, and they’d cut to a commercial while my lifeless body was dragged off. But let’s take our intellectual honesty out for a spin, shall we? As Guardian columnist [[George Monbiot]] said, “Capitalism has three innate characteristics that drive us towards destruction… firstly, that it generates and relies upon perpetual growth.” Endless growth on a planet with finite resources. Such a thing is physically impossible, no more scientifically feasible than Secretary of State Mike Pompeo touching his toes. The reason we’re now in the largest economic crisis since the Great Depression is because capitalism requires nonstop growth, much like cancer. Also, like cancer, it grows until it murders the host body. And during this pandemic shutdown, it’s not getting the growth it screams out for. During this brief respite, many parts of capitalism are benign.
**[[Lee Camp]], [https://consortiumnews.com/2020/04/23/lee-camp-pandemic-is-not-just-a-crisis-its-also-a-gift/ Pandemic is Not Just a Crisis, It’s Also a Gift, ''Consortium News''], (23 April 2020)

* Vulgar [[libertarian]] apologists for capitalism use the term "[[free market]]" in an equivocal sense: they seem to have trouble remembering, from one moment to the next, whether they’re defending actually existing capitalism or free market principles. So we get the standard boilerplate article arguing that the rich can’t get rich at the expense of the poor, because "that’s not how the free market works"—implicitly assuming that this is a free market. When prodded, they’ll grudgingly admit that the present system is not a free market, and that it includes a lot of state intervention on behalf of the rich. But as soon as they think they can get away with it, they go right back to defending the wealth of existing corporations.
** [[Kevin Carson]], ''Studies in Mutualist Political Economy'' (2007), Chapter 4

* Capitalism has neither the capacity, nor the moral, nor the ethics, nor the will to solve the problems of poverty.
** [[Fidel Castro]], [http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1991/esp/f260791e.html Speech (26 July 1991)]

* Capitalism is a system based on blind, destructive and tyrannical laws imposed on the human species.
** [[Fidel Castro]], [http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/2007/esp/f101107e.html Writings (10 November 2007)]

* Capitalism produces beasts, socialism produces men.
** [[Fidel Castro]], [http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1991/esp/f221291e.html Speech (22 December 1991)]

* '''It is really impressive what a filth system capitalism is''', that can't guarantee its own people employment, nor health, nor adequate education; that cannot prevent youth from being corrupted by drugs, gamble, and all kind of vices.
** [[Fidel Castro]], [http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1991/esp/f130391e.html Speech (13 March 1991)]

* Everyday I become more convinced, there is no doubt in my mind, as many intellectuals have said, that it is necessary to transcend capitalism. But capitalism can not be transcended through capitalism itself; it must be done through socialism, true socialism, with [[equality]] and [[justice]]. I’m also convinced that it is possible to do it under [[democracy]], but not in the type of democracy being imposed by Washington.
** [[Hugo Chávez]] during his closing speech at the [[w:World Social Forum|World Social Forum]] in Porto Alegre, Brazil. January 31, 2005. [http://www.venezuelanalysis.com/news.php?newsno=1486]

* The new community which the capitalists are now constructing will be a very complete and absolute community; and one which will tolerate nothing really independent of itself.
** [[G. K. Chesterton]], ''Utopia of Usurers'' (1917), pp. 33-34

*I hear Republicans and Libertarians and so forth talking about property rights, but they stop talking about property rights as soon as the subject of American Indians comes up, because they know fully well, perhaps not in a fully articulated, conscious form, but they know fully well that the basis for the very system of endeavor and enterprise and profitability to which they are committed and devoted accrues on the basis of theft of the resources of someone else. They are in possession of stolen property. They know it. They all know it. It's a dishonest endeavor from day one.
** [[Ward Churchill]], in ''Z Magazine'', vol. 8, p. 32

* The inherent vice of capitalism is the unequal sharing of blessings. The inherent virtue of [[Socialism]] is the equal sharing of miseries.
** [[Winston Churchill]], "[http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1945/oct/22/demobilisation#column_1703 Demobilisation]", speech in the House of Commons (1945-10-22)

* The [[French Revolution]] qualitatively transformed all aspects of human culture, including science, for better or worse. The institutional ideological changes wrought in French science by the Revolution and its aftermath shaped the subsequent course of modern science everywhere. The essential underlying factor, as the [[w:Boris Hessen|Hessen]] thesis maintains, was the victory of capitalism, which the Revolution consolidated. The new social order spread to Europe and the rest of the world, everywhere subordinating the further development of science to capitalist interests.
** [[Clifford D. Conner]], ''A People's History of Science'' (2005)

* I just don’t trust any of it. Every time I read something about how there’s been another ridiculous climb of the Dow Jones, there’s a part of me that goes, “This can’t be good.” None of this is real money. You know what I mean? It’s not like there’s actually more of anything. It’s just ideas. When people are getting richer and richer but they’re not actually producing anything, it can’t end well.
: Even after 9/11, during the darkest moment of our recent history, the President told us, “Go shopping.” That’s how we were told to uphold American values; go out and fucking buy more shit. So what were we supposed to do?
:* [[Louis C.K.]] ''Vanity Fair'' (2009) [http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2009/03/louis-ck-starvation-can-be-character-building Louis C.K. starvation can be character building]

*If you see a nation as a cart, it must have two wheels; otherwise it will not go. If one wheel alone is capitalism, it will not move. If one wheel alone is [[socialism]], it will not move. The only thing that will make the cart, that is your political/economic structure, work properly is to have the best of socialism and the best of capitalism. [[Masters of Wisdom|The Masters]] advise '''70 per cent [[socialism]] to 30 per cent capitalism as the best proportion.'''
**[[Benjamin Creme]] in [https://share-international.org/books_WTAH.html The World Teacher for All Humanity] p. 74 (2007)

*The new politics will no longer be molded by the ‘isms’ of capitalism or [[socialism]], but created from self-respect in individuals and nations.
** [[Benjamin Creme]] ''Maitreya’s Mission Volume Two'' p. 90 (1993)

*Capitalism, in its pure form, is at an end in Europe. It has no future whatsoever. Instead, countries will model their governments on a form of [[democratic socialism]]. Gradually this will become the model for all nations as the most effective way to ensure that the voice and will of the people is properly represented.
**[[Benjamin Creme]] ''Maitreya’s Mission Volume Two, Share International'' p. 131 (1993)

*Capitalism without [[socialism]] is like a great shark in the waters that will eat up everything in sight, and has no group sense or [[social responsibility]]. We need to take '''the best of both systems and bring them together'''....a fusion of the best aspects of both. Both are necessary. The sense of [[justice]], brotherhood and social caring... is necessary for the West, but the sense of [[freedom]] of the individual in movement, expression and thought is necessary in the East. That is something which will... gradually become the norm in Europe and eventually throughout the world.... not capitalism or [[communism]], but [[social democracy]] or [[democratic socialism]] with full participation of all peoples in their own government.
**[[Benjamin Creme]] ''Maitreya’s Mission Volume Two'' p. 155 (1993)

== D==
* Whereas [[Karl Marx|Marx]] identified the essential condition of capitalism as one of enforced servitude ([[wage slavery]]), the [[w:Frankfurt School|Frankfurt School]] alluded to something even more insidious: a willingness in people to inscribe themselves within the very system that oppresses them; to defer to the widespread mythology of those who have 'made it': the rags-to-riches millionaire, the lottery winner, the pop/sports idols and so on. Contemporary subjectivity is thus one of perverse ''collaboration''. ... Late capitalism is a kind of Stockholm syndrome writ large: a skewed and rather desperate faith in our own socio-economic betrayal.
** Glyn Daly, in ''The Routledge Companion to Critical and Cultural Theory'' ([[w:Routledge|Routledge]]: 2013), p. 42

*Our society is excessively individualistic. Markets reduce everything to a question of individual calculation and selfishness. We have become obsessed with money and acquisition at the expense of our social relationships and our own human fulfillment. Capitalism spreads a plague of materialism, which undermines our contentedness, leaving many of us isolated and lonely. Unless we can rediscover the art of sharing, our society will fragment altogether, making trust impossible. Unless we can recover the values associated with friendship and altruism, we will descend into a state of nihilistic ennui.
**William Davies, ''The Happiness Industry'' (2015)

*[[Racism]] is integrally linked to capitalism... it’s a mistake to assume that we can combat racism by leaving capitalism in place... The [[Industrial Revolution]], which pivoted around the production of capital, was enabled by slave labor in the U.S... we have a long way to go before we can begin to talk about an economic system that is not based on exploitation and on the super-exploitation of Black people, Latinx people and other racialized populations... We now have the conceptual means to engage in discussions, popular discussions, about capitalism... The notion of the {{w|prison-industrial complex}} requires us to understand the [[globalization]] of capitalism. {{w|Anti-capitalist}} consciousness helps us to understand the predicament of immigrants, who are barred from the U.S. by the wall that has been created by the current occupant. These conditions have been created by global capitalism. And I think this is a period during which we need to begin that process of popular education, which will allow people to understand the interconnections of racism, heteropatriarchy, capitalism.
**[[Angela Davis]] in [https://www.democracynow.org/2020/6/12/angela_davis_on_abolition_calls_to Angela Davis on Abolition, Calls to Defund Police, Toppled Racist Statues & Voting in 2020 Election, ''Democracy Now,''] (12 June 2020)

* Capitalism is not necessarily more immoral than previous social systems with regard to cruelty to humans and the gratuitous destruction of nature. As a mode of production and a social system, however, capitalism ''requires'' people to be destructive of the environment. Three destructive aspects of the capitalist system stand out when we view this system in relation to the [[extinction]] crisis: 1) capitalism tends to degrade the conditions of its own production; 2) it must expand ceaselessly in order to survive; 3) it generates a chaotic world system, which in turn intensifies the extinction crisis.
** {{w|Ashley Dawson}}, ''Extinction: A Radical History'' (2016) p. 41, {{ISBN|978-1944869014}}

* Capitalism is clearly and undeniably failing. It’s directly responsible for the climate catastrophe and everybody knows it.
**[[Jodi Dean]], "[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/communism-millennials-capitalism-socialism-bernie-sanders-cold-war-yougov-a9188116.html More than a third of millennials approve of communism, YouGov poll indicates]", ''{{w|The Independent}}'', 7 November 2019

* The issue is Socialism versus Capitalism. I am for Socialism because I am for [[humanity]]. We have been cursed with the reign of [[gold]] long enough. [[Money]] constitutes no proper basis of civilization. The time has come to regenerate society — we are on the eve of universal [[change]].
**[[Eugene V. Debs]], in an open letter to the American Railway Union, ''Chicago Railway Times'' (1 January 1897).

*Ignorance alone stands in the way of Socialist success. The capitalist parties understand this and use their resources to prevent the workers from seeing the light. Intellectual darkness is essential to industrial slavery. Capitalist parties stand for Slavery and Night. The Socialist Party is the herald of Freedom and Light.
** [[Eugene Debs]], "The Socialist Party and the Working Class" (1904), in ''Classics of American Political and Constitutional Thought, Volume 2: Reconstruction to the Present'', p. 288

*Capitalism is the exploitation of man by man. Yes? Well socialism is exactly the reverse.
**[[Len Deighton]], quoting an anonymous Czechoslovakian joke in the 1960s, in ''[[w:Funeral in Berlin|Funeral in Berlin]]'' (1964), p. 145. 

* Hey [[Gorbachev|Gorby]], did you hear this quote ... "Communism is the most painful path between capitalism and capitalism."
** {{w|Dogbert}} making a prank call to the [[w:Kremlin|Kremlin]], [https://dilbert.com/strip/1989-12-12 ''Dilbert''], written by [[Scott Adams]], Tuesday December 12, 1989

*As for the explanation that fascism is a last desperate attempt of capitalism to delay the socialist revolution, it simply is not true. It is not true that ‘big business’ promoted fascism. On the contrary, both in Italy and in Germany the proportion of fascist sympathizers and backers was smallest in the industrial and financial classes. It is equally untrue that ‘big business’ profits from fascism; of all the classes it probably suffers most from totalitarian economics and ''Wehrwirtschaft.''
**[[Peter Drucker]], ''The End of Economic Man'', The John Day Company, The End of Economic Man (1939) p. 7

*[P]rofits are so completely subordinated in [Nazi] Germany and [Fascist] Italy to requirements of a militarily conceived national interest and of full employment that the maintenance of the profit principle is purely theoretical. Profits have lost their autonomy as an independent, not to say the supreme, goal of economic activity.
**[[Peter Drucker]], ''The End of Economic Man'', The John Day Company, The End of Economic Man (1939) p. 149

==E==
* We face a probable future of nuclear-armed states warring over a scarcity of resources; and that scarcity is largely the consequence of capitalism itself. For the first time in history, our prevailing form of life has the power not simply to breed racism and spread cultural cretinism, drive us into war or herd us into labour camps, but to wipe us from the planet. Capitalism will behave antisocially if it is profitable for it to do so, and that can now mean human devastation on an unimaginable scale. What used to be apocalyptic fantasy is today no more than sober realism. The traditional leftist slogan "Socialism or barbarism" was never more grimly apposite.
** [[Terry Eagleton]], ''Why Marx was Right'' (2011), p. 8

*Private capital tends to become concentrated in few hands, partly because of competition among the capitalists, and partly because technological development and the increasing division of labor encourage the formation of larger units of production at the expense of smaller ones. The result of these developments is an [[oligarchy]] of private capital the enormous power of which cannot be effectively checked even by a democratically organized political society because under existing conditions, private capitalists inevitably control, directly or indirectly, the [[Mainstream media|main sources of information]]. This is true since the members of legislative bodies are selected by [[political parties]], largely [[Lobbying|financed or otherwise influenced]] by private capitalists
** [[Albert Einstein]], ''[https://monthlyreview.org/2009/05/01/why-socialism/ Why Socialism?]'' (1949)

*Under existing conditions, private capitalists inevitably control, directly or indirectly, the main sources of information ([[Mainstream media|press, radio]], education). It is thus extremely difficult, and indeed in most cases quite impossible, for the individual citizen to come to objective conclusions and to make intelligent use of his political rights.
**[[Albert Einstein]], ''[https://monthlyreview.org/2009/05/01/why-socialism/ Why Socialism?]'' (1949)

*The economic [[anarchy]] of capitalist [[society]] as it exists today is, in my opinion, the real source of the [[evil]]. We see before us a huge community of producers the members of which are unceasingly striving to deprive each other of the fruits of their collective [[labour]] – not by force, but on the whole in faithful compliance with legally established rules. ... I am convinced there is only one way to eliminate these grave evils, namely through the establishment of a [[Socialism|socialist economy]], accompanied by an educational system which would be oriented toward social goals...
** [[Albert Einstein]], '' Why Socialism?'' (1949)

*Clarity about the aims and problems of socialism is of greatest significance in our age of transition. Since, under present circumstances, free and unhindered discussion of these problems has come under a powerful taboo
** [[Albert Einstein]], '' Why Socialism?'' (1949)

*The profit motive, in conjunction with competition among capitalists, is responsible for an instability in the accumulation and utilization of capital which leads to increasingly severe depressions. Unlimited competition leads to a huge waste of labor, and to that crippling of the {{w|social consciousness}} of individuals. ... '''This crippling of individuals I consider the worst evil of capitalism.''' Our whole educational system suffers from this evil. An exaggerated competitive attitude is inculcated into the student, who is trained to worship acquisitive success as a preparation for his future career.
** [[Albert Einstein]], ''Why Socialism?'' (1949)

* The owner of the means of production is in a position to purchase the [[labor power]] of the worker. By using the means of production, the worker produces new goods which become the property of the capitalist. The essential point about this process is the relation between what the worker produces and what he is [[Salary|paid]], both measured in terms of real value. Insofar as the labor contract is “free,” what the worker receives is determined not by the real value of the goods he produces, but by his minimum needs and by the capitalists’ requirements for labor power in relation to the number of workers [[competing]] for [[jobs]]. It is important to understand that even in theory the payment of the worker is not determined by the value of his product.
** [[Albert Einstein]], ''Why Socialism?'' (1949)

* '''The capitalists soon had everything in their hands and nothing remained to the workers.'''
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

==F==
*[[Prostitutes]] are the inevitable product of a society that places ultimate importance on [[money]], [[possessions]], and [[competition]].
**[[Jane Fonda]], in Thomas Kiernan, ''Jane: An Intimate Biography of Jane Fonda'' (1970).

* Less than two decades into the twenty-first century, it is evident that capitalism has failed as a [[social system]]. The world is mired in {{w|economic stagnation}}, {{w|financialization}}, and the most extreme [[Social inequality|inequality]] in {{w|human history}}, accompanied by mass [[unemployment]] and {{w|underemployment}}, {{w|precariousness}}, [[poverty]], [[hunger]], wasted output and lives, and what at this point can only be called a planetary ecological “death spiral.” The {{w|digital revolution}}, the greatest technological advance of our time, has rapidly mutated from a promise of free communication and liberated production into new means of [[surveillance]], control, and displacement of the working population. The institutions of [[liberal democracy]] are at the point of collapse, while [[fascism]], the rear guard of the capitalist system, is again on the march, along with [[patriarchy]], [[racism]], [[imperialism]], and [[war]].
** [[John Bellamy Foster]], ''[https://monthlyreview.org/2019/02/01/capitalism-has-failed-what-next/ Capitalism Has Failed—What Next?]'' (February 01, 2019), ''{{w|Monthly Review}}''

* To say that capitalism is a failed system is not, of course, to suggest that its breakdown and disintegration is imminent. It does, however, mean that it has passed from being a historically necessary and creative system at its inception to being a historically unnecessary and destructive one in the present century.
** [[John Bellamy Foster]], ''[https://monthlyreview.org/2019/02/01/capitalism-has-failed-what-next/ Capitalism Has Failed—What Next?]'' (February 01, 2019), ''{{w|Monthly Review}}''

* Indications of this failure of capitalism are everywhere. Stagnation of investment punctuated by [[w:Economic bubble|bubbles]] of financial expansion, which then inevitably burst, now characterizes the so-called [[free market]]. Soaring [[Economic inequality|inequality]] in {{w|income}} and wealth has its counterpart in the declining material circumstances of a majority of the population. {{w|Real wages}} for most [[w:Labor force in the United States|workers in the United States]] have barely budged in forty years despite steadily rising [[productivity]]. {{w|Work intensity}} has increased, while work and [[w:Workplace safety|safety]] protections on the job have been systematically jettisoned. Unemployment data has become more and more meaningless due to a new institutionalized underemployment in the form of contract labor in the [[w:Temporary work|gig]] economy. [[w:Labor unions in the United States|Unions]] have been reduced to mere shadows of their former glory as capitalism has asserted [[totalitarian]] control over workplaces. With the demise of [[Soviet]]-type societies, [[social democracy]] in Europe has perished in the new atmosphere of “liberated capitalism.” The capture of the {{w|surplus value}} produced by overexploited populations in the poorest regions of the world, via the {{w|global labor arbitrage}} instituted by [[multinational corporation]]s, is leading to an unprecedented amassing of financial wealth at the center of the [[world economy]] and relative poverty in the periphery.
** [[John Bellamy Foster]], ''[https://monthlyreview.org/2019/02/01/capitalism-has-failed-what-next/ Capitalism Has Failed—What Next?]'' (February 01, 2019), ''{{w|Monthly Review}}''

* While the earnings of a minority are growing exponentially, so too is the gap separating the majority from the prosperity enjoyed by those happy few. This imbalance is the result of ideologies which defend the absolute autonomy of the marketplace and financial speculation. Consequently, they reject the right of states, charged with vigilance for the common good, to exercise any form of control. A new tyranny is thus born, invisible and often virtual, which unilaterally and relentlessly imposes its own laws and rules. Debt and the accumulation of interest also make it difficult for countries to realize the potential of their own economies and keep citizens from enjoying their real purchasing power. To all this we can add widespread corruption and self-serving tax evasion, which have taken on worldwide dimensions. The thirst for power and possessions knows no limits. In this system, which tends to devour everything which stands in the way of increased profits, whatever is fragile, like the environment, is defenseless before the interests of a deified market, which become the only rule.
** [[Pope Francis]], [http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/apost_exhortations/documents/papa-francesco_esortazione-ap_20131124_evangelii-gaudium.html "The Joy of the Gospel"] (2013), Section 56

* I think it is only because capitalism has proved so enormously more efficient than alternative methods that it has survived at all. (...) I'm not sure capitalism is the right word. There is a sense in which every society is capitalist. The Soviet Union was capitalist, but it was state capitalism. Latin American societies in the past have been capitalist, but it has been oligarchic capitalism. So what we really need to talk about is not capitalism but free market or competitive capitalism which is the system that we would like to have adopted, not just capitalism.
** [[Milton Friedman]], Interview with Parker in Randall E. Parker(ed.), ''Reflection on the Great Depression'' (2002).

*It is true that if you simply have market capitalism not embedded in a true democratic system, then you will get increasing inequality... And that is why every modern capitalist system has a welfare state and in Europe these welfare states consume 50 percent of GDP, redistribute it in fairer ways. I have always thought the European Union represented a truer embodiment of what I would regard as something like the end of history... The United States' model is a little bit more liberal and therefore we do less redistribution than, let's say, Holland or Sweden, but all modern states do that.
** [[Francis Fukuyama]], as quoted in [http://www.rferl.org/content/fukuyama-putinism-islamic-state-liberal-democracy/27518924.html "Fukuyama: 'Putinism', Radical Islam No Alternative To Liberal Democracy"] (30 January 2016), by *Charles Recknagel, ''Radio Free Europe: Radio Liberty''.

== G==

*It is rotten and dismal that a world of so many hundred million people should be ruled by a single caste that has the power to lead millions to life or to death, indeed on a whim...This caste has spun its web over the entire earth; capitalism recognizes no national boundaries. ... Capitalism has learned nothing from recent events and wants to learn nothing, because it places its own interests ahead of those of the other millions. Can one blame those millions for standing up for their own interests, and only for those interests? Can one blame them for striving to forge an international community whose purpose is the struggle against corrupt capitalism? Can one condemn a large segment of the educated ''Stürmer'' youth for protesting against the greatest ability? Is it not an abomination that people with the most brilliant intellectual gifts should sink into poverty and disintegrate, while others dissipate, squander, and waste the money that could help them? … You say the old propertied class also worked hard for what it has. Granted, that may be true in many cases. But do you also know about the conditions under which workers were living during the period when capitalism “earned” its fortune?
** [[Joseph Goebbels]] letter to Anka Stalherm (14 April 1920), quoted in Ralph Georg Reuth, ''Goebbels'' (Harvest, 1994), pp. 33-34.

* Capitalism is the immoral distribution of capital … Germany will become free at that moment when the thirty millions on the left and the thirty millions on the right make common cause. Only one movement is capable of doing this: National Socialism, embodied in one Führer – [[Adolf Hitler]].
**[[Joseph Goebbels]], “Lenin or Hitler,” speech delivered on September 17, 1925

* It would be better for us to go down with Bolshevism than live in eternal [[slavery]] under capitalism.
** [[Joseph Goebbels]], ''The Devil’s Disciples: Hitler’s Inner Circle'' by Anthony Read (2004) p. 142, diary entry Oct. 23, 1925

* We and we alone [the [[Nazis]]] have the best social welfare measures. Everything is done for the nation. . . .The [[Jews]] are the incarnation of capitalism.
** [[Joseph Goebbels]], as quoted in ''I Will Bear Witness: A Diary of the Nazi Years, 1942-1945'', [[w:Victor Klemperer|Victor Klemperer]], Vol. 2 , Random House, Inc. (2001) p. 317. Goebbels’ “Our Socialism” editorial was written on April 30, 1944.

*"Capitalism," says [[Irving Kristol]], "is the least romantic conception of a public order that the human mind has ever conceived." The reason it's so unromantic is that it doesn't tell people what to do and that can be very frustrating for intellectuals who want to tell people what to do.
**[[Jonah Goldberg]], [http://web.archive.org/web/20010105/www.nationalreview.com/goldberg/goldberg012401.shtml "Free-Market Boring…Losing Consciousness"] (24 January 2001), ''National Review''

* Capitalism is based on self-interest and self-esteem; it holds integrity and trustworthiness as cardinal virtues and makes them pay off in the marketplace, thus demanding that men survive by means of virtue, not vices. It is this superlatively moral system that the welfare statists propose to improve upon by means of preventative law, snooping bureaucrats, and the chronic goad of fear.
** [[Alan Greenspan]], ''The Assault on Integrity'' (1963).

==H==

* Those of us now in [[w:Isolation (health care)|isolation]], in spite of our fear and frustrations, in spite of our grief ⁠— for those who have died or may die, for the life we once lived, for the future we once hoped for ⁠— there is also a sense we are cocooned, transforming, waiting, dreaming. [...] But when the Spring comes, as it must, when we emerge from hibernation, it might be a time of profound global struggle against both the drive to “return [[Status quo|to normal]]” ⁠— the same normal that set the stage for this tragedy ⁠— and the “new normal” which might be even worse. Let us prepare as best we can, for we have a world to win. [...] I imagine that struggles to come will be defined by either the desperate drive to “return to normal,” or a great refusal of that normal. But this is no manichean melodrama. On the one hand, there will be those who seek to return us to the order of global revenge capitalism to which we had become accustomed: a nihilistic system of global [[Capital accumulation|accumulation]] that appears to be taking a needless, warrantless vengeance on so many of us, though without any one individual intending any particular malice, and one which breeds the worst kind of revenge politics.
** [[Max Haiven]] on the [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic]], ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/no-return-to-normal-for-a-post-pandemic-liberation/ No return to normal: for a post-pandemic liberation]'' (March 23, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

*We should expect the demand that we return to the vindictive normal from the beneficiaries of that system ⁠— the [[wealthy]], the [[w:Political class|political elite]] ⁠— who have everything to gain from business as usual. But we should also expect it from millions of those [[oppressed]], [[exploited]], and [[alienated]] by that system, whose lives have been reduced to slow death under it. After months of chaos, isolation and fear, the desire to return to normal, even if normal is an [[w:Structural abuse|abusive system]], may be extremely strong. The stage is set for this desire to be accompanied by a frantic {{w|revanchism}}. Will we want someone to blame, especially those of us who lose loved ones? Must there be blood, figurative or literal?: a baptism by fire so that the old order ⁠— which, of course, created the conditions of [[austerity]] and [[inequality]] that made this plague so devastating⁠ — can be reborn in purified form.
** [[Max Haiven]] on the [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic]], ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/no-return-to-normal-for-a-post-pandemic-liberation/ No return to normal: for a post-pandemic liberation]'' (March 23, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

*Things will never be “normal” again: some of us, the [[w:Social privilege|privileged]] and wealthy, may be afforded the illusion, but this illusion is likely to be carried on the backs of the vast majority who will work harder, longer and for less, suffer greater risks and fewer rewards. The [[debts]] of the pandemic, literal and figurative, will have to be repaid. On the other hand ⁠— or maybe at the same time ⁠— we can also expect that, among [[Elite|the powerful]] and among the rest of us, there will be calls to reject the “return to normal,” but in order to embrace something even worse. It is likely that the chaos and deaths of the pandemic will be blamed on too much [[democracy]], [[liberalism]] and [[empathy]]. Now that states are flexing their muscles and [[Totalitarianism|taking full command]] of [[society]], there will be many who do not want the sleeve to be rolled back down. We may yet see, in this crisis, the use of [[w:Political repression|repressive]] force on [[civilians]] ⁠— as it is already being used on [[Immigration#Discrimination|migrants]] and [[w:Prisoner abuse|incarcerated people]] ⁠— and I fear that it will be seen by many as justified, a {{w|human sacrifice}} to feed the Gods of [[w:Culture of fear#In politics|fear]].
** [[Max Haiven]] on the [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic]], ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/no-return-to-normal-for-a-post-pandemic-liberation/ No return to normal: for a post-pandemic liberation]'' (March 23, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* Against all these fateful outcomes there will be those among us who refuse to return to normal, or to embrace the “new normal,” those of us who know that “the trouble with normal is it only gets worse.” Already, in the {{w|state of emergency}} that the crisis has unleashed, we are seeing extraordinary measures emerge that reveal that much of the [[neoliberal]] regime’s claims to necessity and austerity were transparent lies. The God-like market has fallen, again. In different places a variety of measures are being introduced that would have been unimaginable even weeks ago. [...] We are discovering, against the upside-down capitalist value paradigm which has enriched the few at the expense of the many, whose labor is truly valuable: care, service, and frontline public sector workers. There has been a proliferation of [[Grassroots movement|grassroots]] [[w:Radical politics|radical]] demands for policies of care and solidarity not only as emergency measures, but in perpetuity. {{w|Right-wing}} and capitalist {{w|think-tanks}} are panicking, fearful that half a century of careful ideological work to convince us of the necessity of neoliberalism ⁠— the transformation of our very souls ⁠— will be dispelled in the coming weeks and months. The sweet taste of [[freedom]] ⁠— real, interdependent freedom, not the lonely freedom of the market ⁠— lingers on the palate like a long-forgotten memory, but quickly turns bitter when its nectar is withdrawn. If we do not defend these material and spiritual gains, capitalism will come for its revenge.
** [[Max Haiven]] on the [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic]], ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/no-return-to-normal-for-a-post-pandemic-liberation/ No return to normal: for a post-pandemic liberation]'' (March 23, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* The systems advocated by professed upholders of ''laissez-faire'' are in reality permeated with coercive restrictions of individual freedom. ... What is the government doing when it “protects a property right”? Passively, it is abstaining from interference with the owner when he deals with the thing owned; actively, it is forcing the non-owner to desist from handling it, unless the owner consents. Yet Mr. Carver would have it that the government is merely preventing the non-owner from using force against the owner. This explanation is obviously at variance with the facts—for the non-owner is forbidden to handle the owner's property even where his handling of it involves no violence or force whatever. ... In protecting property the government is doing something quite apart from merely keeping the peace. It is exerting coercion wherever that is necessary to protect each owner, not merely from violence, but also from peaceful infringement of his sole right to enjoy the thing owned.
** [[Robert Lee Hale]], “Coercion and Distribution in a Supposedly Non-Coercive State,” ''Political Science Quarterly'', Vol. 38, No. 3 (Sep., 1923), pp. 470-494

*'''Capitalism is the greatest social technology ever invented for creating prosperity in human societies, if it is well managed, but capitalism, because of the fundamental multiplicative dynamics of complex systems, tends towards, inexorably, inequality, concentration and collapse. The work of democracies is to maximize the inclusion of the many in order to create prosperity, not to enable the few to accumulate money.''' Government does create prosperity and growth, by creating the conditions that allow both entrepreneurs and their customers to thrive. Balancing the power of capitalists like me and workers isn't bad for capitalism. It's essential to it. Programs like a reasonable minimum wage, affordable healthcare, paid sick leave, and the progressive taxation necessary to pay for the important infrastructure necessary for the middle class like education, R and D, these are indispensable tools shrewd capitalists should embrace to drive growth, because no one benefits from it like us.
**[[Nick Hanauer]] in [http://www.ted.com/talks/nick_hanauer_beware_fellow_plutocrats_the_pitchforks_are_coming/transcript?language=en "Beware fellow plutocrats, the pitchforks are coming", ''TED'' (conference)] (August 2014)]

*The problem isn't that we have some inequality. Some [[inequality]] is necessary for a high-functioning capitalist democracy. The problem is that inequality is at historic highs today and it's getting worse every day. And if wealth, power, and income continue to concentrate at the very tippy top, our society will change from a capitalist democracy to a neo-feudalist rentier society like 18th-century France. That was France before the revolution and the mobs with the pitchforks. So I have a message for my fellow plutocrats and zillionaires and for anyone who lives in a gated bubble world: Wake up. Wake up. It cannot last. Because if we do not do something to fix the glaring economic inequities in our society, the pitchforks will come for us, for no free and open society can long sustain this kind of rising economic inequality. All highly prosperous capitalist democracies are characterized by massive investments in the middle class and the infrastructure that they depend on.
**[[Nick Hanauer]] in [http://www.ted.com/talks/nick_hanauer_beware_fellow_plutocrats_the_pitchforks_are_coming/transcript?language=en "Beware fellow plutocrats, the pitchforks are coming", ''TED'' (conference)] (August 2014)]

*I am a capitalist, and after a 30-year career in capitalism... I'm not just in the top one percent, I'm in the top .01 percent of all earners. Today, I have come to share the secrets of our success, because rich capitalists like me have never been richer... How do we manage to grab an ever-increasing share of the economic pie every year? ... here's the dirty secret. There was a time in which the [[Economist|economics]] profession worked in the public interest, but in the [[neoliberal]] era, today, they work only for big corporations and billionaires... We could choose to enact [[economic system|economic policies]] that raise [[taxes]] on the rich, regulate powerful corporations or raise wages for workers... But neoliberal economists would warn that all of these policies would be a terrible mistake, because raising taxes always kills economic growth, and any form of government regulation is inefficient, and raising wages always kills jobs. Well, as a consequence of that thinking, over the last 30 years, in the USA alone, the top one percent has grown 21 trillion dollars richer while the bottom 50 percent have grown 900 billion dollars poorer, a pattern of widening inequality that has largely repeated itself across the world. And yet, as middle class families struggle to get by on wages that have not budged in about 40 years, neoliberal economists continue to warn that the only reasonable response to the painful dislocations of austerity and globalization is even more austerity and globalization.
**[[Nick Hanauer]] in [https://www.ted.com/talks/nick_hanauer_the_dirty_secret_of_capitalism_and_a_new_way_forward?language=en The dirty secret of capitalism -- and a new way forward ''Ted Talk'',] (July 2019)

*[[Greed]] is not good. Being rapacious doesn't make you a capitalist, it makes you a [[sociopath]]. And in an [[economy]] as dependent upon [[cooperation]] at scale as ours, sociopathy is as bad for business as it is for society.... [[Neoliberal]] economic theory has sold itself to you as unchangeable natural law, when in fact it's social norms and constructed narratives based on [[pseudoscience]]. If we truly want a more equitable, more prosperous and more sustainable economy, if we want high-functioning [[democracies]] and [[civil society]], we must have a new economics.
**[[Nick Hanauer]] in [https://www.ted.com/talks/nick_hanauer_the_dirty_secret_of_capitalism_and_a_new_way_forward?language=en The dirty secret of capitalism -- and a new way forward ''Ted Talk'',] (July 2019)

*The landlord, ''qua'' landlord, performs no function in the economy of industry or of food production. He is a rent receiver; that, and nothing more. Were the landlord to be abolished, the soil and the people who till it would still remain, and the disappearance of the landowner would pass almost unnoticed. So too with the capitalist. ... By capitalist, I mean the investor who puts his money into a concern and draws profits there from without participating in the organisation or management of the business. Were all these to disappear in the night, leaving no trace behind, nothing would be changed.
** [[Keir Hardie]], ''From Serfdom to Socialism'' (1907), p. 11

*Imperialism, taking tribute from conquered races, the accumulation of great fortunes, the development of a population which owns no property, and is always in poverty. Land has gone out of cultivation and physical deterioration is an alarming fact. An so we Socialists say the system which is producing these results must not be allowed to continue. A system which has robbed religion of its saviour, destroyed handicraft, which awards the palm of success to the unscrupulous, corrupts the press, turns pure women on the streets and upright men into mean-spirited time-servers, cannot continue. In the end it is bound to work its own overthrow. Socialism with its promise of freedom, its larger hope for humanity, its triumph of peace over war, its binding of the races of the earth into one all-embracing brotherhood, must prevail. '''Capitalism is the creed of the dying present; socialism throbs with the life of the days that are to be.''' It has claimed its martyrs in the past, is claiming them now, will claim them still; but what then? Better to "rebel and die in the twenty worlds sooner than bear the yoke of thwarted life."
** [[Keir Hardie]], ''From Serfdom to Socialism'' (1907), p. 103–104.

* [Harvey defined capitalism in terms of three features: it is growth-oriented] a steady state of growth is essential for the health of a capitalist economic system... growth in real values rests on the exploitation of living labor in [[production]]... [and it is] necessarily technologically and organizationally dynamic.
** {{w|David Harvey}} ''The Condition of Postmodernity''. p. 180

* As the Marxist movement splintered and mutated into new forms, Left intellectuals and activists began to look for new ways to attack capitalism. Environmental issues, alongside women’s and minorities’ issues, came to be seen as a new weapon in the arsenal against capitalism.
** [[W:Stephen Hicks|Stephen Hicks]], ''Explaining Postmodernism'', p. 154

* The enormous dynamic and creative, as well as destructive energy of [[w:capitalism|capitalism]]... is written up with more praise and more respect by [[Karl Marx|Marx]] and [[Friedrich Engels|Engels]] in the [[w:The Communist Manifesto|1848 Communist Manifesto]] than probably by anyone since. I don't think anyone has ever said so precisely and with such awed admiration how great capitalism is, how inventive, how innovative, how dynamic, how much force of creativity it unleashes.
**[[Christopher Hitchens]], [http://www.pbs.org/heavenonearth/interviews_hitchens.html ''Heaven on Earth: The Rise and Fall of Socialism''], ''PBS'' (June 2005).

* It is probably true that business corrupts everything it touches. It corrupts politics, sports, literature, art, labor unions and so on. But business also corrupts and undermines monolithic totalitarianism. Capitalism is at its liberating best in a noncapitalist environment.
** [[Eric Hoffer]], "Thoughts of Eric Hoffer, Including: 'Absolute Faith Corrupts Absolutely'", ''The New York Times Magazine'' (April 25, 1971), p. 50.

==J==
* Someone once said that it is easier to imagine the end of the world than to imagine the end of capitalism. We can now revise that and witness the attempt to imagine capitalism by way of imagining the end of the world.
** [[Fredric Jameson]], "Future City", ''New Left Review'' (May-June 2003)

* There are no good aspects of monopoly capital, so no reservations need be recognized in its destruction. Monopoly capital is the enemy. It crushes the life force of all of the people. It must be completely destroyed, as quickly as possible, utterly, totally, ruthlessly, relentlessly destroyed.
** [[George Jackson (activist)|George L. Jackson]], ''Blood in My Eye'' (1971), p. 109

* The essence of a U.S.A. totalitarian socio-political capitalism is concealed behind the illusion of a mass participatory society. We must rip away its mask. Then the debate can end, and we can enter a new phase of struggle based on the development of an armed revolutionary culture that will triumph.
** [[George Jackson (activist)|George L. Jackson]], ''Blood in My Eye'' (1971), p. 138

* We are quite obviously faced with a need to organize some small defenses to the more flagrant abuses of the system ''now''. ... While we await the precise moment when all of capitalism's victims will indignantly rise to destroy the system, we are being devoured. ... Some of us are going to have to take our courage in hand and build a hard revolutionary cadre for selective retaliatory violence.
** [[Jonathan P. Jackson]], in ''[[Blood in My Eye]]'' (1971), pp. 11-12

* Most of the fascist functionaries live as unguarded as I do. I could slip a knife between [[w:Max Rafferty|Max Rafferty's]] ribs. The Agnews and Du Ponts, the Rockefellers and Morgans, all of the Getty, Hunt, and Hughes types who sneak around in armored cars and jets are just as reachable. ... Hell will be their reward.
** [[Jonathan P. Jackson]], in ''[[Blood in My Eye]]'' (1971), p. 46

* When you are poor you don’t have any social respect or social worth because everything is defined in terms of money and how much of it you have. This is what capitalism does. It turns all values into commercial values, even the value of life itself.
** [[Kevin Rashid Johnson]], ''Defying the Tomb: Selected Prison Writings and Art of Kevin Rashid Johnson'' (2010)

== K==
*The failure of capitalism is still much better than the success of [[socialism]].
**[[Garry Kasparov]], [http://conversationswithbillkristol.org/video/garry-kasparov-ii/ Interview with Bill Kristol] (April 2016), [http://conversationswithbillkristol.org/transcript/garry-kasparov-ii-transcript/ transcript]

* The decadent international but individualistic capitalism, in the hands of which we found ourselves after the War, is not a success. It is not intelligent, it is not beautiful, it is not just, it is not virtuous - and it doesn't deliver the goods. In short, we dislike it and we are beginning to despise it. But when we wonder what to put in its place, we are extremely perplexed.
** [[John Maynard Keynes]], [http://www.panarchy.org/keynes/national.1933.html ''National self-sufficiency''] (1933) Section 3, republished in ''Collected Works'' Vol. 11 (1982)

* I worked at a factory owned by Germans, at coal pits owned by Frenchmen, and at a chemical plant owned by Belgians. There I discovered something about capitalists. They are all alike, whatever the nationality. All they wanted from me was the most work for the least money that kept me alive. So I became a communist.
** [[Nikita Khrushchev]], quoted in Edward Crankshaw, ''Khrushchev: A Career'' (1966), p. 12

*The evils of capitalism are as real as the evils of [[militarism]] and evils of [[racism]].
**[[Martin Luther King Jr.]] ''Speech to SCLC Board'' (30 March 1967)

* I understand that you have an economic system in America known as Capitalism. Through this economic system you have been able to do wonders. You have become the richest nation in the world, and you have built up the greatest system of [[production]] that history has ever known. All of this is marvelous. But Americans, there is the danger that you will misuse your Capitalism. I still contend that money can be the root of all [[evil]]. It can cause one to live a life of gross materialism. I am afraid that many among you are more concerned about making a living than making a life. You are prone to judge the success of your profession by the index of your salary and the size of the wheel base on your automobile, rather than the quality of your service to humanity.
:The misuse of Capitalism can also lead to tragic exploitation. This has so often happened in your nation. They tell me that one tenth of one percent of the population controls more than forty percent of the wealth. Oh America, how often have you taken necessities from the masses to give luxuries to the classes. If you are to be a truly Christian nation you must solve this problem. You cannot solve the problem by turning to communism, for communism is based on an ethical relativism and a metaphysical materialism that no Christian can accept. You can work within the framework of democracy to bring about a better distribution of wealth. You can use your powerful economic resources to wipe poverty from the face of the earth. God never intended for one group of people to live in superfluous inordinate wealth, while others live in abject deadening poverty. God intends for all of his children to have the basic necessities of life, and he has left in this universe "''enough and to spare''" for that purpose. So I call upon you to bridge the gulf between abject poverty and superfluous wealth.
:*[[Martin Luther King Jr.]], “[http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/documentsentry/doc_pauls_letter_to_american_christians/ Paul's Letter to American Christians]", Sermon delivered at [[w:Dexter Avenue Baptist Church|Dexter Avenue Baptist Church]], [[w:Montgomery, Alabama|Montgomery, Alabama]], on 4 November 1956.
:*Dr. King makes two biblical allusions to Luke 15:17 and 1 Timothy 6:10: "''For the love of money is the root of all evil''".

*True compassion is more than flinging a coin to a beggar. A true revolution of values will soon look uneasily on the glaring contrast of poverty and wealth with righteous [[indignation]]. It will look across the seas and see individual capitalists of the West investing huge sums of money in Asia, Africa, and South America, only to take the profits out with no concern for the social betterment of the countries, and say, "This is not just." It will look at our alliance with the landed gentry of Latin America and say, "This is not just."
** [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]] ''Why I Am Opposed to the War in Vietnam'' (1967)

* We have not done the things that are necessary to lower emissions because those things fundamentally conflict with deregulated capitalism. ... We are stuck because the actions that would give us the best chance of averting catastrophe—and would benefit the vast majority—are extremely threatening to an [[elite]] minority that has a stranglehold over our economy, our political process, and most of our major media outlets. ... It is our great collective misfortune that the scientific community made its decisive diagnosis of the climate threat at the precise moment when those elites were enjoying more unfettered political, cultural, and intellectual power than at any point since the 1920s.
** [[Naomi Klein]] ''[[w:This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate|This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate]]'' (2014), p. 18

* My claim is that we do not have a market economy, but a capitalist economy. Capitalism and the [[market]] are presented as synonymous, but they are not. Capitalism is both the enemy of the market and democracy. Capitalism is not about free competitive choices among people who are reasonable equal in their buying and selling of economic power. It is about concentrating [[capital]], concentrating economic power in very few hands, using that power to trash everyone who gets in their way. … This is not a market, and definitely not a democracy. The basic principle of democracy is "one person one vote" and in the capitalistic society, we have "one dollar one vote."
** {{w|David Korten}}, in an interview with Alexander M. Duke, as quoted in ''Globalization and After'' (2006) edited by Samir Dasgupta and Ray Kiely, p. 32

* In the 1980s capitalism triumphed over communism. In the 1990s it triumphed over democracy and the market economy.
** {{w|David Korten}}, in ''The Post Corporate World : Life After Capitalism'' (1999)

* For over a century, popular struggles in the democracies have used the nation-state to temper raw capitalism. The power of voters has offset the power of [[capital]]. But as national barriers have come down in the name of freer commerce, so has the capacity of governments to manage capitalism in a broad public interest. So the real issue is not 'trade' but democratic governance.
** [[Robert Kuttner]], "Globalization and Its Critics", ''The American Prospect'', vol. 12 no. 12, July 2-16, 2001

==L==

* When socialist [[Cuba]] houses the homeless, feeds the hungry, cures cancer, and educates the entire population, that's "authoritarian", but when the capitalist US allows millions to suffer or die simply because they're poor, that's "freedom"? [[Freedom]] for who?
**[[Gloria La Riva]], [https://twitter.com/LaRivaPeltier/status/1233436197277425664 Tweet (28 February 2020)]

* We live in capitalism. Its power seems inescapable; so did the divine right of kings.
** [[Ursula K. Le Guin]], [https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/national-book-awards-ursula-le-guin National Book Awards], November 2014.

* Capitalism attacks and destroys all the finer sentiments of the human heart; it ruthlessly sweeps away old traditions and ideas opposed to its progress, and it exploits and corrupts those things once held sacred.
**
** [[Daniel De Leon]], ''[http://www.marxists.org/archive/deleon/works/1900/000726.htm Patriotism and Poverty]'', "The Daily People" editorial (July 26, 1900)

* As a poodle may have his hair cut long or his hair cut short, as he may be trimmed with pink ribbons or with blue ribbons, yet he remains the same old poodle, so capitalism may be trimmed with factory laws, tenement laws, divorce laws and gambling laws, but it remains the same old capitalism. These “humanitarian parts” are only trimming the poodle. Socialism, one and inseparable with its “antirent and anticapital parts,” means to get rid of the poodle.
** [[Daniel De Leon]], ''[http://www.marxists.org/archive/deleon/works/1908/081102.htm Trimming the Poodle]'', "The Daily People" editorial (November 2, 1908)

* It is best for all to leave each man free to acquire property as fast as he can. Some will get wealthy. I don't believe in a law to prevent a man from getting rich; it would do more harm than good. So while we do not propose any war upon capital, we do wish to allow the humblest man an equal chance to get rich with everybody else. When one starts poor, as most do in the race of life, free society is such that he knows he can better his condition; he knows that there is no fixed condition of labor, for his whole life. I am not ashamed to confess that twenty-five years ago I was a hired laborer, mauling rails, at work on a flat-boat, just what might happen to any poor man's son! I want every man to have the chance, and I believe a black man is entitled to it, in which he can better his condition. When he may look forward and hope to be a hired laborer this year and the next, work for himself afterward, and finally to hire men to work for him! That is the true system.
** [[Abraham Lincoln]] (1860), "[http://books.google.de/books?id=8bWmmyJEMZoC&pg=PA176 Allow the humblest man an equal chance]," in: ''Lincoln on Democracy'' Mario Matthew Cuomo, G. S. Boritt (eds.) Fordham Univ Press, 2004 ; Speech 6 March 1860 at New Haven, Connecticut

* The widespread assumption that big business and big government are fundamentally at odds, and that big business supports a free market, serves to maintain the ruling partnership in power. ... The establishment left disguises its government intervention on behalf of the rich as government intervention on behalf of the poor, while the right disguises its government intervention on behalf of the rich as an opposition to government intervention ''per se'' – and each side has an interest in maintaining the myth propagated by its nominal opponent. For those who are repelled by the realities of corporate capitalism are lured into becoming opponents of the free market and foot soldiers for the left wing of the ruling class, while those who are attracted by free-market ideals are lured into becoming defenders of corporate capitalism and foot soldiers for the right wing of the ruling class. Either way, the partnership as a whole has its power reinforced.
** [[Roderick T. Long]], "Left-libertarianism, market anarchism, class conflict and historical theories of distributive justice," ''Griffith Law Review'', Vol. 21 Issue 2 (2012), p. 422

* Under a capitalist economy such as that of the United States, employers profit by working their employees as hard as they can for as many hours as possible and for as little pay as they can get away with. Their goal is to exploit us. Our lives reflect that reality. Many of us don't enjoy our work. We don't get paid enough. We have to work two or three jobs to make ends meet if we have a job at all. Our bosses treat us like garbage and we don't feel like their is anything we can do about it. We face the threat that machines will replace us. Our jobs are moved overseas, where employers can generate even higher profits. Sometimes a job at Wal-Mart is the only option we have.
** Erik Loomis, ''A History of America in Ten Strikes'' ({{w|The New Press}}, 2018) p. 3

== M==
* Thus every Part was full of Vice,
:Yet the whole Mass a Paradise;
:* [[Bernard de Mandeville]], ''The Fable of the Bees'' (1714), line 155, p. 9

*Private Vices by the dextrous Management of a skilful Politician may be turned into Publick Benefits.
** [[Bernard de Mandeville]], ''The Fable of the Bees'' (1714), line 155, p. 428

* [Capitalism is] a system of [[wage]]-labour and commodity [[production]] for sale, exchange, and profit, rather than for the immediate need of the producers.
** [[:w:Gordon Marshall (sociologist)|Gordon Marshall]] ed. ''The Oxford Dictionary of Sociology'', 2nd edition. Lemma "Capitalism"

* In [[bourgeois]] society [[capital]] is independent and has individuality, while the living person is dependent and has no individuality.
** [[Karl Marx]], ''The Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (1848)

* The bourgeoisie, wherever it has got the upper hand, has put an end to all feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations. It has pitilessly torn asunder the motley feudal ties that bound man to his “natural superiors,” and has left no other bond between man and man than naked self-interest, than callous “cash payment.” It has drowned the most heavenly ecstasies of religious fervor, of chivalrous enthusiasm, of philistine sentimentalism, in the icy water of egotistical calculation. It has resolved personal worth into exchange value, and in place of the numberless indefeasible chartered freedoms, has set up that single, unconscionable freedom—Free Trade. In one word, for exploitation, veiled by religious and political illusions, it has substituted naked, shameless, direct, brutal exploitation.
** [[Karl Marx]], ''The Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (1848)

* In bourgeois society... the past dominates the present; in Communist society, the present dominates the past. In bourgeois society capital is independent and has individuality, while the living person is dependent and has no individuality.
**[[Karl Marx]], ''The Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (1848)

* “So what’s wrong with capitalism?” He sighs. For a minute I wonder if maybe he’s a capitalist. But then he says, “It’s not a fair system.” “That’s stupid,” I say. “Things aren’t fair. Only little kids expect things to be fair.”
** [[w:Maureen F. McHugh|Maureen F. McHugh]], ''Protection,'' in [[w:Gardner Dozois|Gardner Dozois]] (ed.) ''[[w:The Year's Best Science Fiction: Tenth Annual Collection|The Year's Best Science Fiction: Tenth Annual Collection]],'' p. 323 (Originally published at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asimov%27s_Science_Fiction Asimov's Science Fiction] April 1992)

* So he starts by asking me what I know about capitalism. “People were rich and there was a lot of corruption and a lot of crime,” I say. “And now we have socialism and people are poor and there’s a lot of corruption and a lot of crime.” He laughs. Anything I say about politics makes him laugh.
** [[w:Maureen F. McHugh|Maureen F. McHugh]], ''Protection,'' in [[w:Gardner Dozois|Gardner Dozois]] (ed.) ''[[w:The Year's Best Science Fiction: Tenth Annual Collection|The Year's Best Science Fiction: Tenth Annual Collection]],'' pp. 323-324 at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asimov%27s_Science_Fiction Asimov's Science Fiction] April 1992)

* Capitalism has really been responsible for all the progress of the modern age. Better than any other system ever devised, it provides leisure for large numbers of superior men, and so fosters the arts and sciences. No other system ever heard of is so beneficial to invention. Its fundamental desire for gain may be far from glorious per se, but it at least furthers improvement in all the departments of life. We owe to it every innovation that makes life secure and comfortable. Unfortunately, like any other human institution (for example, Holy Church), capitalism tends to run amuck when it is not restrained, and democracy provides inadequate means of keeping it in order. There is never any surety that democracy will throw up leaders competent to discern the true dangers of capitalism and able to remedy them in a prudent and rational manner. Thus we have vacillated between letting it run wild and trying to ruin it. Both courses are hazardous and ineffective, and it is hard to say which is more so.”
** [[H.L. Mencken]], ''Minority Report'' (1948).

* It is true that the materialistic society, the so-called culture that has evolved under the tender mercies of capitalism, has produced what seems to be the ultimate limit of this worldliness. And nowhere, except perhaps in the analogous society of pagan Rome, has there ever been such a flowering of cheap and petty and disgusting lusts and vanities as in the world of capitalism, where there is no evil that is not fostered and encouraged for the sake of making money. We live in a society whose whole policy is to excite every nerve in the human body and keep it at the highest pitch of artificial tension, to strain every human desire to the limit and to create as many new desires and synthetic passions as possible, in order to cater to them with the products of our factories and printing presses and movie studios and all the rest.
** [[Thomas Merton]], in ''[[w:The Seven Storey Mountain|The Seven Storey Mountain]]'' (1948)

* All people, however fanatical they may be in their zeal to disparage and to fight capitalism, implicitly pay homage to it by passionately clamoring for the products it turns out.
** [[Ludwig Von Mises]], ''The Ultimate Foundation of Economic Science: An Essay on Method'' (1978)

* The first condition for the establishment of perpetual peace is the general adoption of the principles of laissez-faire capitalism.
** [[Ludwig von Mises]], ''The Ultimate Foundation of Economic Science: An Essay on Method'' (1962), p. 137

* Capitalism collapses without growth, yet perpetual growth on a finite planet leads inexorably to environmental calamity.
**[[George Monbiot]], [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/apr/25/capitalism-economic-system-survival-earth "Dare to declare capitalism dead – before it takes us all down with it"], ''The Guardian'' (25 April 2019).

*'''[[Bailout|Bail out]] the people, not the corporations. Bail out the living world, not its destroyers. Let’s not waste our second chance.'''
**[[George Monbiot]], [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/29/airlines-oil-giants-government-economy Airlines and oil giants are on the brink. No government should offer them a lifeline,] [[w:The Guardian|The Guardian]], (29 April 2020)

* If we want to save the planet earth, to save life and humanity, we have a duty to put an end to the capitalist system. Unless we put an end to the capitalist system, it is impossible to imagine that there will be equality and justice on this planet earth. This is why I believe that it is important to put an end to the exploitation of human beings and to the pillage of natural resources, to put an end to destructive wars for markets and raw materials, to the plundering of energy, particularly fossil fuels, to the excessive consumption of goods and to the accumulation of waste. The capitalist system only allows us to heap up waste. I would like to propose that the trillions of money earmarked for war should be channelled to make good the damage to the environment, to make reparations to the earth.
** [[Evo Morales]] [http://www.worldsocialism.org/spgb/socialist-standard/2000s/2008/no-1246-june-2008/material-world-evo-moralesa-call-socialism "Evo Morales: A Call for Socialism?"]

* Western society is relapsing at critical points into precivilized modes of thought, feeling, and action because it has acquiesced too easily in the dehumanization of society through capitalist exploitation.
** [[Lewis Mumford]], ''Technics and Civilization'' (1934), Chapter 6, § 9, p. 302

* Pareto, Georges Sorel, Lenin, Hitler, and Mussolini were right in denouncing democracy as a capitalist method. Every step which leads from capitalism toward planning is necessarily a step nearer to absolutism and dictatorship.
** [[Ludwig von Mises]], ''Omnipotent Government: The Rise of the Total State and the Total War'', Mises Institute (2010) p. 53. First published in 1944 by Yale University Press.

* [[W:Western world|Western society]] is relapsing at critical points into precivilized modes of thought, feeling, and action because it has acquiesced too easily in the dehumanization of society through capitalist exploitation.
** [[Lewis Mumford]], ''Technics and Civilization'' (1934), Chapter 6, § 9, p. 302

==N==
* I have no doubt that the revolution will triumph. The people of the world will prevail, seize power, seize the means of production, wipe out racism, capitalism.
** [[Huey P. Newton]], ''[[w:Revolutionary Suicide|Revolutionary Suicide]]'' (1973), p. 4

* What I really believe in, first and foremost, isn't ''capitalism'' or ''globalization''. It isn't the systems or regulatory codes that achieve all we see around us in the way of prosperity, innovation, community, and culture. Those things are created by people. What I believe in is man's capacity for achieving great things, and the combined force that results from our interactions and exchanges. I plead for greater liberty and a more open world, not because I believe on system happens to be more efficient than another, but because those things provide a setting that unleashes individual creativity as no other system can. They spur the dynamism that has led to human, economic, scientific, and technical advances. Believing in capitalism does not mean believing in growth, the economy, or efficiency. Desirable as they may be, those are only the results. At its core, belief in capitalism is belief in mankind.
** [[Johan Norberg]], ''In Defense of Global Capitalism'' (2003), [http://books.google.com/books?id=tuaQ3FnX5tAC&pg=PA17&dq=%22Belief+in+capitalism%22+%22belief+in+mankind%22 p. 17]

*In capitalism, your narrowest interests are advanced by [[cooperation]]. A genius system.
**[[Jay Nordlinger]], [https://twitter.com/jaynordlinger/status/1038770310034673664 Twitter post] (9 September 2018)

== O==

* [[William Blake|Blake]] was not a politician, but there is more understanding of the nature of capitalist society in a poem like "I wander through each charter'd street" than in three-quarters of Socialist literature.
** [[George Orwell]], ''Dickens'' (1939)

==P==

* Capitalism is an art form.
** [[Camille Paglia]], [[w:Sexual Personae|Sexual Personae]] (1990), p. 38

* The essence of capitalism is to turn nature into commodities and commodities into capital. The live green earth is transformed into dead gold bricks, with luxury items for the few and toxic slag heaps for the many. The glittering mansion overlooks a vast sprawl of shanty towns, wherein a desperate, demoralized humanity is kept in line with drugs, television, and armed force.
** [[Michael Parenti]], ''Against Empire'' (1995)

* Just as in [[Great Depression|the 1930s]], world capitalism, as it had existed until then, had reached a dead-end, and the need for it to be altered for the sake of preserving the [[Economic system|system]] itself, was emphasised by many perceptive [[bourgeois]] thinkers, exactly in a similar manner [[w:Late capitalism|contemporary world capitalism]] too has reached [[Coronavirus recession|a dead-end]] and cannot continue as before. [...] Any change in capitalism, however, including a revival of the so-called "{{w|welfare capitalism}}" of the {{w|post-War}} period, will entail a loosening of the [[hegemony]] of [[w:International economics|international]] [[w:Finance capitalism|finance capital]] and hence will face stiff opposition from it. The fact that the need for such change is clear to bourgeois thinkers, does not mean that finance capital will simply voluntarily make a sacrifice of the hegemony it currently enjoys. Indeed the history of the 1930s itself bears witness to this fact. [...] Boosting {{w|aggregate demand}} for overcoming mass [[unemployment]] finally got accepted as government [[policy]] only [[Aftermath of World War II|after the war]] when the weight of the [[working class]] in the [[advanced countries]] became much greater than before (of which the victory of the [[w:Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] in the [[w:1945 United Kingdom general election|British post-war elections]] and the vastly increased strength of the {{w|Communists in France}} and [[w:Politics of Italy#First Republic: 1946–1994|Italy]] were obvious markers), and when the {{w|Red Army}} came right up to the very doorsteps of {{w|Western Europe}} creating fears of a “[[w:Cold War#Marshall Plan and Czechoslovak coup d'état|communist takeover]]”. This conjuncture finally forced concessions from finance capital that had been unobtainable till then. '''Finance capital, in other words, does not voluntarily make concessions even when such concessions are seen by major pro-capitalist thinkers as being essential for the preservation of the system itself.'''
** [[Prabhat Patnaik]], ''[https://www.newsclick.in/Capitalism-COVID-19-Modi-Govt-Policies-Hindutva-Global-Economy-Neo-Liberalism The World At Crossroads]'', 29 May 2020, ''NewsClick''

* '''It is real-life [[class struggle]], informed no doubt by ideas, that ultimately determines which way the world will move.''' Hence even for altering contemporary capitalism in the direction of the so-called “welfare capitalism” of yore, it would be essential to have the working class fighting for such an [[w:Political agenda|agenda]]. But when it does so, and when international finance capital resists such an agenda, we would be in the thick of class struggle. Time alone will tell whether this struggle would remain merely at the level of achieving a revival of “welfare capitalism” or whether it would go [[w:Post-capitalism|beyond capitalism]] altogether towards a [[socialist]] alternative. '''Once class struggle, for changing the system in its present form, acquires momentum, its outcome would depend on [[w:Praxis (process)|praxis]] and may not necessarily remain bounded within the system itself.'''
** [[Prabhat Patnaik]], ''[https://www.newsclick.in/Capitalism-COVID-19-Modi-Govt-Policies-Hindutva-Global-Economy-Neo-Liberalism The World At Crossroads]'', 29 May 2020, ''NewsClick''

* When the [[rate of return]] on capital exceeds the rate of growth of output and income, as it did in the nineteenth century and seems quite likely to do again in the twenty-first, capitalism automatically generates arbitrary and unsustainable [[Economic inequality|inequalities]] that radically undermine the [[Meritocracy|meritocratic]] values on which [[Democracy|democratic]] societies are based.
** [[Thomas Piketty]], ''{{w|Capital in the Twenty-First Century}}'' (2013), p. 1

*The moment that the Chinese scientists and doctors announced that the [[coronavirus]] could be transmitted between human beings on Jan. 20, 2020, the [[socialist]] governments went into action to monitor ports of entry and to test and trace key parts of the population. They set up task forces and procedures to immediately make sure that the infection would not go out of control amongst their people... in stark contrast to governments in the United States, the United Kingdom, Brazil, India, and other [[capitalist]] states, where there has been a hallucinatory attitude towards the Chinese government and the WHO. There is no comparison between the stance of Vietnam’s [[w:Nguyen Xuan Phuc|Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc]] and U.S. President [[Donald Trump]]: the former had a sober, [[science]]-based attitude, while the latter has consistently laughed off the coronavirus as a simple flu as recently as June 24.
**[[Vijay Prashad]] in [https://consortiumnews.com/2020/07/16/covid-19-why-laos-vietnam-china-have-beaten-the-virus-and-india-brazil-and-the-us-have-not/ COVID-19: Why Laos, Vietnam & China Have Beaten the Virus and India, Brazil and the US Have Not, ''Consortium News''] (16 July 2020)

==R==
* What they have to discover, what all the efforts of capitalism's enemies are frantically aimed at hiding, is the fact that capitalism is not merely the 'practical,' but the only moral system in history.
** [[Ayn Rand]], ''Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal'' (1966), p. 8

* When I say capitalism, I mean a full, pure, uncontrolled, unregulated laissez faire capitalism, with a separation of state and economics, in the same way and for the same reasons as the separation of state and church.
** [[Ayn Rand]], ''Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal'' (1966), p. 17

* Capitalism is a social system based on the recognition of individual rights, including property rights, in which all property is privately owned.
** [[Ayn Rand]], Nathaniel Branden, [[Alan Greenspan]] (1967) ''Capitalism: the Unknown Ideal''. p. 19

* In a capitalist society, all human relationships are voluntary. Men are free to cooperate or not, to deal with one another or not, as their own individual judgments, convictions and interests dictate.
** [[Ayn Rand]], Nathaniel Branden, [[Alan Greenspan]] (1967) ''Capitalism: the Unknown Ideal''. p. 19

* Businessmen are the one group that distinguishes capitalism and the American way of life from the totalitarian statism that is swallowing the rest of the world. All the other social groups — workers, farmers, professional men, scientists, soldiers — exist under dictatorships, even though they exist in chains, in terror, in misery, and in progressive self-destruction. But there is no such group as businessmen under a dictatorship. Their place is taken by armed thugs: by bureaucrats and commissars. Businessmen are the symbol of a free society — the symbol of America.
** [[Ayn Rand]] (1967), ''Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal'', p. 55

* Capitalism is organised crime, and we are all its victims.
** {{w|Refused}}, ''The Shape of Punk to Come''.

* [[Goebbels]] saw the ultimate enemy as international capitalism, and those who held power in Germany as its lackey, betraying their nation for personal gain. These were the traditional targets of the [[Communists]], of course, so the Nazis and the KPD, the Communist Party of Germany, were in direct competition for the same constituency, two rabid dogs fighting for one bone… And Goebbels, who has so recently been happy to describe himself as a ‘German Communist’ led the fight with all the intensity of a religious convert.
** [[w:Anthony Read |Anthony Read]], ''The Devil’s Disciples: Hitler’s Inner Circle'', New York: NY and London: UK,, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. (2004) pp. 141-142

* Capitalism is a social system based on private ownership of the {{w|means of production}}. It is characterized by the pursuit of material self-interest under freedom and it rests on a foundation of the cultural influence of reason. Based on its foundations and essential nature, capitalism is further characterized by saving and [[capital]] accumulation, exchange and money, financial self-interest and the [[profit]] motive, the freedoms of economic competition and economic inequality, the price system, economic progress, and a harmony of the material self-interests of all the individuals who participate in it.
** [[George Reisman]] ''Capitalism: A Treatise on Economics''

* We must first decide what the meaning of the term 'capitalism' really is. Unfortunately, the term 'capitalism' was coined by its greatest and most famous enemy, Karl Marx. We really can't rely upon him for correct and subtle usage. And, in fact, what Marx and later writers have done is to lump together two extremely different and even contradictory concepts and actions under the same portmanteau term. These two contradictory concepts are what I would call 'free-market capitalism' on the one hand, and 'state capitalism' on the other. The difference between free-market capitalism and state capitalism is precisely the difference between, on the one hand, peaceful, voluntary exchange, and on the other, violent expropriation.
** [[Murray Rothbard]] (2011) ''Economic Controversies''. p. 671

*[[Capitalism]]’s gratuitous wars and sanctioned greed have jeopardized the planet and filled it with [[refugee]]s. Much of the blame for this rests squarely on the shoulders of the government of the United States. Seventeen years after invading Afghanistan, after bombing it into the ‘stone age’ with the sole aim of toppling the Taliban, the US government is back in talks with the very same Taliban. In the interim it has destroyed Iraq, Libya and Syria. Hundreds of thousands have lost their lives to war and sanctions, a whole region has descended into chaos, ancient cities—pounded into dust. Amidst the desolation and the rubble, a monstrosity called Daesh (ISIS) has been spawned. It has spread across the world, indiscriminately murdering ordinary people who had absolutely nothing to do with America’s wars. Over these last few years, given the wars it has waged, and the international treaties it has arbitrarily reneged on, the US Government perfectly fits its own definition of a rogue state.
**[[Arundhati Roy]] in [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/may/13/arundhati-roy-literature-shelter-pen-america ''Literature provides shelter. That's why we need it'' (abridged version of Roy's ''Arthur Miller Freedom to Write Lecture'',) ''The Guardian''] (13 May 2019)

*Well.. for so many years, people—let’s say in India—have been fighting this very idea of progress, of infinite growth, of this form of development which has resulted now in what we call jobless growth, what everybody knows to be the case. You have nine individuals who own the same amount of wealth as the bottom 500 million. This is what infinite growth has led to—infinite growth for some people. So this idea that you will never question your idea of progress, you will never question the comfort of the Global North. And by Global North—now and the elite South, and the downtrodden North, you know?...Years ago, I wrote an essay which ended by saying, “Can we leave the bauxite in the mountain?”...Can you look at the mountain and not just calculate its mineral worth? Can you understand that a mountain has much more than just the value of the minerals in it? And there is—it’s a civilizational issue, right? That for people who have lived there, have known that mountain, they know it sustains not just the people. It’s not just a question of who is getting displaced. But how does, for example, that bauxite mountain—which stores water and waters the plains all around it, which grows the food, which sustains a whole population—but it’s meant for a corporation that is given the mining contract. It’s just, how much does that bauxite cost? Can we store it and trade it on the futures market?
**[[Arundhati Roy]] in [https://www.democracynow.org/2019/5/13/arundhati_roy_capitalism_is_a_form ''Arundhati Roy: '''Capitalism Is “a Form of Religion,''''' '''Stopping Solutions to Climate Change & Inequality''' ], ''[[w:Democracy Now|Democracy Now]]'', (13 May 2019)

*It is like what I said, that the elite of the world have all seceded into outer space, and they have a country up there, and they look down and say, “What is our water doing in their rivers, and what’s our timber doing in their forests?” So there is a psychotic refusal to understand that the survival of the species is connected to the survival of the planet, you know? Because this sort of progress is a kind of church now. It is not amenable to reason. So it is very difficult to know how any real conversation can happen... A month or two ago, the Supreme Court of India...said that two million indigenous people should be evicted from their forest homes... Because that forest needs to be preserved as a sanctuary. But when, for the last 25 years, people were fighting against projects which were decimating millions of hectares and acres of forest, nobody cared... And when you are talking about evicting two million of the poorest people, stripping them of everything they ever had, there is little outrage. '''Any sense of talk of equality or justice seems to just have the same effect that blasphemy has in religious societies. That is what capitalism has become—a form of religion that will brook no questioning.'''
**[[Arundhati Roy]] in [https://www.democracynow.org/2019/5/13/arundhati_roy_capitalism_is_a_form ''Arundhati Roy: Capitalism Is “a Form of Religion,” Stopping Solutions to Climate Change & Inequality''], ''[[w:Democracy Now|Democracy Now]]'', (13 May 2019)

* Advocates of capitalism are very apt to appeal to the sacred principles of liberty, which are embodied in one maxim: The fortunate must not be restrained in the exercise of tyranny over the unfortunate.
** [[Bertrand Russell]] ''Sceptical Essays (1928), Ch. 13, Freedom in society''

* I dislike Communism because it is undemocratic, and capitalism because it favors exploitation.
** [[Bertrand Russell]], ''Unarmed Victory'' (1963), p. 14

== S==
*We have to talk about [[democratic socialism]] as an alternative to unfettered capitalism, where the rich get richer and almost everybody else is getting poorer... the average worker in America is making, in inflation-accounted-for dollars, and despite a huge increase in technology and worker productivity, exactly the same amount of money that he or she made 43 years ago. That’s incomprehensible.
*There has been a massive transfer of wealth from the working class of this country to the top 1 percent. And at the end of the day.. the media doesn’t talk about it, the corporate media does not talk about it—nobody can defend three families in this country owning more wealth than the bottom half of the American people. Or that 49 percent of all new income today goes to the top 1 percent. That is indefensible. That is outrageous. That is immoral. And I think the American people understand that has got to change...
**[https://www.thenation.com/article/bernie-sanders-socialism-capitalism-2020/ ''Bernie Sanders: ‘We Have to Talk About Democratic Socialism as an Alternative to Unfettered Capitalism, The Nation,'' John Nichols] (12 June 2019)

*Donald Trump himself, of course, is a major beneficiary of the massive amounts of corporate welfare. If you are the Trump family, you receive $885,000,000 worth of tax breaks and subsidies for your family’s housing empire that, among other things, was built on racial discrimination.… What Trump is about is socialism for the very rich. We are about socialism for working families. That’s the difference.
**[https://www.thenation.com/article/bernie-sanders-socialism-capitalism-2020/ ''Bernie Sanders: ‘We Have to Talk About Democratic Socialism as an Alternative to Unfettered Capitalism, The Nation,'' John Nichols] (12 June 2019)

* It is the cheap cloth, the cheap cotton and rayon fabric, boots, motorcars and so on that are the typical achievements of capitalist [[production]], and not as a rule improvements that would mean much to the rich man. Queen Elisabeth owned silk stockings. The capitalist achievement does not typically consist in providing more silk stockings for queens but in bringing them within the reach of factory girls in return for steadily decreasing amounts of effort.
**[[Joseph Schumpeter]], ''Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy'' (1950, 3rd ed.), part II, chapter VII, p. 82.

* Capitalist civilization is rationalistic 'and anti-heroic.' The two go together of course. Success in industry and commerce requires a lot of stamina, yet industrial and commercial activity is essentially unheroic in the knight's sense — no flourishing of swords about it, not much physical prowess, no chance to gallop the armored horse into the enemy, preferably a heretic or heathen - and the ideology that glorifies the idea of fighting for fighting's sake and of victory for victory's sake understandably withers in the office among all the columns of figures. Therefore, owning assets that are apt to attract the robber or the tax gatherer and not sharing or even disliking warrior ideology that conflicts with its 'rational' utilitarianism, the industrial and commercial bourgeouis is fundamentally pacifist and inclined to insist on the moral application of the moral precepts of private life to international relations. It is true that, unlike most but like other features of capitalist civilization, pacifism and international morality have also been espoused in non-capitalist environments and by pre-capitalist agencies, in the Middle Ages of the Roman Church for instance. Modern pacifism and modern international morality are nonetheless products of capitalism.
** [[Joseph Schumpeter]], ''Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy'' (1950, 3rd ed.), part II, chapter XI, p. 127f.

* Capitalism has destroyed our belief in any effective power but that of self interest backed by force. But even Capitalist cynicism will admit that however unconscionable we may be when our own interests are affected, we can be most indignantly virtuous at the expense of others.
** [[George Bernard Shaw]], in ''The Intelligent Woman's Guide to Socialism and Capitalism'' (1928), p. 214.

* You have to choose (as a voter) between trusting to the natural stability of gold and the natural stability of the honesty and intelligence of the members of the Government. And, with due respect for these gentlemen, I advise you, as long as the Capitalist system lasts, to vote for gold.
** [[George Bernard Shaw]], in ''The Intelligent Woman's Guide to Socialism and Capitalism'' (1928), p. 263.

* If ... the [[Inheritance tax|tax scheme]] allows enormous intergenerational wealth transfers within families, some families will maintain considerable socioeconomic advantages over others, which allows them to provide better educations and better environments (both residential and familial) for their children, and their children's children. ... Even in a constitutional democracy in which each citizen has a publicly recognized claim to all the basic political and civil liberties, these socioeconomic inequalities would create an informal social hierarchy by birth: some would be born into great wealth and other social and political advantages while others would be born into poverty and its associated disadvantages. ... If, because a social scheme had the characteristics described above, the life prospects of some children were vastly inferior to those of others, it would be reasonable to regard these disadvantaged children as members of the lowest stratum in a descent-based social hierarchy. When such a hierarchy is, and has long been, marked by racial distinctions, equal citizenship, in any meaningful sense, does not obtain. In a society with an established democratic tradition, such a quasi-feudal order does not warrant the allegiance of its most disadvantaged members, especially when these persons are racially stigmatized. Indeed, the existence of such an order creates the suspicion that, despite the society's ostensible commitment to equal civil rights, white supremacy has simply taken a new form.
** [[Tommie Shelby]], "Justice, Deviance, and the Dark Ghetto" ''[[w:Philosophy & Public Affairs|Philosophy & Public Affairs]]'', vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 126–160 (2007)

*I have repeatedly stressed that the rape of the Earth and rape of women are intimately linked - both metaphorically, in shaping world-views, and materially, in shaping women’s everyday lives... When we wrote ''Ecofeminism'' we raised the issue of reductionist, mechanistic science and the attitude of mastery over and conquest of nature as an expression of [[capitalist]] [[patriarchy]]. Today the contest between an [[Ecology|ecological]] and [[feminist]] world-view and a worldview shaped by capitalist patriarchy is more intense than ever. This contest is particularly intense in the area of food. GMOs embody the vision of capitalist patriarchy.
**[[Vandana Shiva]] in [https://www.academia.edu/37778615/_EcoFeminism_Zed_books_2014_By_Maria_Mies_and_Vandana_Shiva_with_a_Foreword_by_Ariel_Salleh._Ebook_download_PDF ''Ecofeminism'', Maria Mies and Vandana Shiva, 1993, 2014 Foreword] (2014)

*The national accounting systems which are used for calculating growth in terms of GDP are based on the assumption that if producers consume what they produce, they do not in fact produce at all, because they fall outside the production boundary. The production boundary is a political creation that, in its workings, excludes regenerative and renewable production cycles from the area of production. Hence all women who produce for their families, children,community and society are treated as ‘non-productive’ and ‘economically inactive’. When economies are confined to the marketplace, economic self-sufficiency is perceived as economic deficiency. The devaluation of women’s work, and of work done in subsistence economies of the South, is the natural outcome of a production boundary constructed by capitalist patriarchy. By restricting itself to the values of the market economy, as defined by capitalist patriarchy, the production boundary ignores economic value in the two vital economies which are necessary to ecological and human survival:nature’s economy and the sustenance economy. In these economies, economic value is a measure of how the Earth’s life and human life are protected. The currency is life-giving processes, not cash or the market price. Second, a model of capitalist patriarchy which excludes women’s work and wealth creation in the mind deepens the violence by displacing women from their livelihoods and alienating them from the natural resources on which their livelihoods depend -their land, their forests, their water, their seeds and biodiversity.
**[[Vandana Shiva]] in ''Ecofeminism'', Maria Mies and Vandana Shiva, 1993, (2014)

* It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest.
** [[Adam Smith]], ''The Wealth of Nations'' (1776), Book I

* Capitalism designates an economic system significantly characterized by the predominance of "[[capital]]." Capitalism and double entry [[bookkeeping]] are absolutely indissociable; their relationship to each other is that of form to content.
** [[Werner Sombart]] ''Der Moderne Kapitalismus''

* Because the West has a property rights system, and property rights systems seem to be about ownership. What we're discovering more and more is that it's really the system that undergirds the system of values called capitalism. In other words, you have property rights in the West. In developing nations we do, too, but they're not legal. Once you legalize them and you have recordkeeping systems and you have tracking systems and you've got contracts and you're able to get all the information about somebody's ownership over an asset, all of a sudden you obtain enormous amounts of data that you do not have in developing nations. In the West, that is captured in the property system. If you are somebody that is honorable and pays their debts, which is what somebody would be interested in, that's going to be captured in your records, and your records are linked to your property records. All of these are property rights, [but we don't have them] organized in a central system … in Third World countries.
** {{w|Hernando de Soto}}, responding to the question, "Why does capitalism fail everywhere else and triumph in the West?" [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/shared/minitext/int_hernandodesoto.html PBS.org]

* Capitalism works not through coercion or conquest, but through the consent of the consumer.
**[[Dinesh D'Souza]], ''{{w|America: Imagine the World Without Her}}'' (2014)

*Capitalist enterprises buy components from others who have lower costs in producing those particular components, and sell their own output to whatever middlemen can most efficiently carry out its distribution.
**[[Thomas Sowell]], ''Basic Economics'', 4th ed. (2010), Ch. 6. The Role of Profits—and Losses

* Violence, fraud, the prerogative of force, the claims of superior cunning—those are the sources to which titles may be traced. The original deeds were written with the sword, rather than with the pen; not lawyers, but soldiers, were the conveyancers; blows were the current coin given in payment; and for seals, blood was used in preference to wax. Could valid claims be thus constituted? Hardly. And if not, what becomes of the pretensions of all subsequent holders of estates so obtained? Does sale or bequest generate a right where it did not previously exist?
** [[Herbert Spencer]], ''Social Statics'', First Edition (1851), Chapter 9

* Capitalism, in contrast, has existed for fewer than 300 years. If the entire history of ''{{w|Homo sapiens}}'' was a 24-hour day, then capitalism has existed for two minutes.
** [[Jim Stanford]], ''Economics For Everyone'' (2008), Part 1, Chapter 2, Capitalism, p. 33

* Economic systems come, and economic systems go. No economic system lasts forever. Capitalism is not likely to last forever, either.
** [[Jim Stanford]], ''Economics For Everyone'' (2008), Part 1, Chapter 3, Economic History, p. 43

* Like a {{w|forensic accountant}} trying to solve a [[w:corporate crime|corporate fraud]], following the trail of money around the circle is a good way to understand what actually happens as capitalism unfolds.
** [[Jim Stanford]], ''Economics For Everyone'' (2008), Part 2, Chapter 10, Closing The Little Circle, p. 121

* Competition-ruthless, unforgiving, to-the-death competition-is a crucial feature of capitalism.
** [[Jim Stanford]], ''Economics For Everyone'' (2008), Part 3, Chapter 11, Competition, p. 129

* One of the glaring failures of capitalism is the continuing widespread existence of poverty - often extreme poverty. Even in the advanced economies, many millions of people endure terrible economic and social deprivation, despite the incredible wealth all around them.
** [[Jim Stanford]], ''Economics For Everyone'' (2008), Part 3, Chapter 14, Dividing the Pie, p. 168

*Grotesque sentiments such as the lust of business success or economic power of any kind, and indeed every purely self-regarding passion, from that of the social climber to that of the salvation-seeking ascetic, are experienced by the explorer with something of that shame which the child, emerging into adolescence, may feel toward the still-clinging fascination of his outgrown toys, or with such disgust as the youth may feel when he wakes from some unworthy sexual infatuation.
** [[Olaf Stapledon]], ''Last Men in London'' (1932), Chapter II

* Capitalism prospers in an environment with a peculiar combination of self-interested behavior - enough to induce individuals to look for profitable activities - and non-self-interested behavior, where one's word is one's honor, where social rather than economic sanctions suffice to enforce contracts.
** [[Joseph E. Stiglitz]], ''Whither Socialism?'' (1994), chapter 16, p. 271

* It is the fundamental wisdom of the capitalist system that it functions irrespective of the wisdom or the stupidity of the capitalists.
** {{w|Gustav Stolper}}, in ''This Age of Fables'' (1942), Part I, Ch. 8, Sec. 10, p. 167

== W ==
* [[Production]] for sale in a market in which the object is to realize the maximum [[profit]] is the essential feature of a capitalist [[World economy|world-economy]]. In such a system production is constantly expanded as long as further production is profitable, and men constantly innovate new ways of producing things that will expand the profit margin.
** [[Immanuel Wallerstein]] (1979) ''The Capitalist World-Economy''. p. 15

*Socialism is the total opposite of capitalism/imperialism. It is the rejection of empire and white supremacy. Socialism is the violent overthrow of the bourgeoisie, the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat, and the eradication of the social system based on profit. Socialism means control of the productive forces for the good of the whole community instead of the few who live on hilltops and in mansions. Socialism means priorities based on human need instead of corporate greed. Socialism creates the conditions for a decent and creative quality of life for all.
**[[The Weather Underground]], ''Prairie Fire'' (1974)

* The disappearance of the heroic ideal is always accompanied by the growth of {{w|commercialism}}. There is a cause-and-effect relationship here, for the man of commerce is by the nature of things a relativist; his mind is constantly on the fluctuating values of the marketplace, and there is no surer way to fail than to dogmatize and moralize about things.
** [[Richard Weaver]], ''Ideas Have Consequences'' (Chicago: 1948), p. 32

* In contrast to all other forms of domination, the economic domination of capital cannot, because of its 'impersonal character', be ethically regulated. ... The competitiveness, the market, the labour market, the monetary market, the commodity market, in one word 'objective' considerations, neither ethical nor anti-ethical, but simply non-ethical ... determine behaviour at the decisive points.
** [[Max Weber]], ''Economy and Society'' (1923), in ''The War of Gods: Religion and Politics in Latin America'' (1996), p. 143

* It is above all the impersonal and economically rationalized (but for this very reason ethically irrational) character of purely commercial relationships that evokes the suspicion, never clearly expressed but all the more strongly felt, of ethical religions. For every purely personal relationship of man to man, of whatever sort and even including complete enslavement, may be subjected to ethical requirements and ethically regulated. This is true because the structures of these relationships depend upon the individual wills of the participants, leaving room in such relations for manifestations of the virtue of charity. But this is not the situation in the realm of economically rationalised relationships, where personal control is exercised in inverse ratio to the degree of rational differentiation of the economic structure.
** [[Max Weber]], ''[[Sociology of Religion (book)|Sociology of Religion]]'' (1922), pp. 216-217

* We will define a capitalistic economic action as one which rests on the expectation of [[profit]] by the utilization of opportunities for exchange, that is on (formally) peaceful chances of profit...Unlimited greed for gain is not in the least identical with capitalism, and is still less its spirit. Capitalism may even be identical with the restraint, or at least a rational tempering, of this irrational impulse. But capitalism is identical with the pursuit of profit, and forever renewed profit, by means of conscious, rational, capitalistic enterprise.
** [[Max Weber]], ''The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism''

* Thus the capitalism of today, which has come to dominate economic life, educates and selects the economic subjects which it needs through a process of economic survival of the fittest. But here one can easily see the limits of the concept of selection as a means of historical explanation. In order that a manner of life so well adapted to the peculiarities of capitalism could be selected at all, i.e. should come to dominate others, it had to originate somewhere, and not in isolated individuals alone, but as a way of life common to whole groups of men.
* The people filled with the spirit of capitalism today tend to be indifferent, if not hostile, to the Church. The thought of the pious boredom of paradise has little attraction for their active natures; religion appears to them as a means of drawing people away from labor in this world. If you ask them what is the meaning of their restless activity, why they are never satisfied with what they have, thus appearing so senseless to any purely worldly view of life, they would perhaps give the answer, if they know any at all: “to provide for my children and grandchildren.” But more often and, since that motive is not peculiar to them, but was just as effective for the traditionalist, more correctly, simply: that business with its continuous work has become a necessary part of their lives. That is in fact the only possible motivation, but it at the same time expresses what is, seen from the viewpoint of personal happiness, so irrational about this sort of life, where a man exists for the sake of his business, instead of the reverse.
** [[Max Weber]], ''The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism'', [https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/weber/protestant-ethic/ch02.htm "Ch.2 The Spirit of Capitalism"].

* The impulse to acquisition, pursuit of gain, of money, of the greatest possible amount of money, has in itself nothing to do with capitalism. This impulse exists and has existed among waiters, physicians, coachmen, artists, prostitutes, dishonest officials, soldiers, nobles, crusaders, gamblers, and beggars.
** [[Max Weber]], ''The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism'', p.17.

* The struggle between the opponents and defenders of capitalism is a struggle between innovators who do not know what innovation to make and conservatives who do not know what to conserve.
** [[Simone Weil]], "The Power of Words" (1937)

* Capitalism has brought about the emancipation of collective humanity with respect to nature. But this collective humanity has itself taken on with respect to the individual the oppressive function formerly exercised by nature.
** [[Simone Weil]], ''Gravity and Grace'' (1972), p. 140

* First, capitalists detain control of the means of [[production]]. Second, laborers are denied independent access to means of production and must sell their labor power to the capitalists. Third, the maximization of surplus produced by the laborers with the means of production owned by the capitalists entails "ceaseless accumulation accompanied by changes in the methods of production."
** [[Eric Wolf]], ''Europe and the People Without History''. p. 78

* The desperate [[policies]] of panic-driven governments [[w:Economic interventionism|involve throwing huge amounts of money]] at the economies collapsed in response to the coronavirus threat. {{w|Monetary authoritie}}s [[w:Money creation|create money]] and [[w:Loan|lend it]] at extremely low {{w|interest rate}}s to the [[Big business|major]] [[corporations]] and especially big [[banks]] "to get them through the crisis." [[w:Lender of last resort|Government treasuries]] borrow vast sums to get the [[w:Economic collapse|collapsed economy]] back into what they imagine is "[[Status quo|the normal]], pre-virus economy." Capitalism's leaders are rushing into [[w:Governance failure#Policy failure|policy failures]] because of their [[ideological]] blinders.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], ''[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''.

* The problem of policies aimed to return the economy to what it was before the virus hit is this: Global capitalism, by 2019, was itself a major cause of the collapse in 2020. Capitalism's scars from the [[w:Recession 2000s|crashes of 2000]] and [[Financial crisis of 2007–08|2008-2009]] had not healed. Years of low interest rates had enabled corporations and governments to "solve" all their problems by borrowing limitlessly at almost zero interest rate cost. All the new money [[w:Injection (economics)|pumped]] into economies by {{w|central bank}}s had indeed caused the feared [[inflation]], but chiefly in [[stock markets]] whose [[w:Share price|prices]] consequently spiraled dangerously far away from underlying [[w:Value (economics)|economic values]] and realities. [[Economic inequality|Inequalities]] of {{w|income}} and [[wealth]] reached historic highs. In short, capitalism had built up vulnerabilities to another [[Stock market crash|crash]] that any number of possible triggers could unleash. The trigger this time was not the [[w:Dot-com bubble|dot.com]] meltdown of 2000 or the [[w:Subprime mortgage crisis|sub-prime meltdown]] of 2008/9; it was a [[Coronavirus|virus]]. And of course, [[w:Dominant ideology|mainstream ideology]] requires focusing on the trigger, not the vulnerability. Thus mainstream policies aim to reestablish pre-virus capitalism. Even if they succeed, that will return us to a capitalist system whose [[Overaccumulation|accumulated vulnerabilities]] will soon again collapse from yet another trigger.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], ''[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''.

* In the light of the coronavirus pandemic, I focus [[w:Criticism of capitalism|criticism on capitalism]] and the vulnerabilities it has accumulated for several reasons. [[Viruses]] are part of [[nature]]. They have attacked human beings—sometimes dangerously—in both distant and recent history. In 1918, the [[Spanish Flu]] killed nearly 700,000 in the United States and millions elsewhere. Recent viruses include {{w|SARS}}, {{w|MERS}} and [[Ebola]]. What matters to {{w|public health}} is each [[society]]'s [[w:Emergency management|preparedness]]: stockpiled tests, masks, ventilators, hospital beds, trained personnel, etc., to manage dangerous viruses. [[2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States|In the U.S.]], such objects are produced by [[Private property|private]] [[Bourgeoisie|capitalist enterprises]] whose [[w:Profit motive|goal]] is [[profit]]. It was not profitable to produce and stockpile such products, that was not and still is not being done. Nor did the [[w:Criticism of response to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic#United States government|U.S. government]] produce or stockpile [[Shortages related to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|those medical products]]. Top [[U.S. government]] personnel privilege private capitalism; it is their primary objective to protect and strengthen. The result is that neither private capitalism nor the U.S. government performed the most basic duty of any [[economic system]]: to protect and maintain public health and safety. U.S. capitalism's response to the coronavirus pandemic continues to be what it has been since December 2019: too little, too late. It failed. It is the problem.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], ''[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''.

* The second reason I focus on capitalism is that the responses to today's economic collapse by Trump, the [[Republican Party (United States)|GOP]] and most [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] carefully avoid any criticism of capitalism. They all debate the virus, China, foreigners, other politicians, but never the system they all serve. When [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States#President Trump|Trump]] and others press people to return to churches and jobs—despite risking their and others' lives—they place reviving a collapsed capitalism ahead of public health.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], ''[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''.

* The third reason capitalism gets blame here is that alternative systems—those not driven by a profit-first logic—could manage viruses better. While not profitable to produce and stockpile everything needed for a viral pandemic, it is efficient. The wealth already lost in this pandemic far exceeds the cost to have produced and stockpiled the tests and ventilators, the lack of which is contributing so much to today's disaster. Capitalism often pursues profit at the expense of more urgent social needs and values. In this, capitalism is grossly inefficient. This pandemic is now bringing that truth home to people.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], ''[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''.

* A {{w|worker-coop}} [[w:Co-operative economics|based economy]]—where workers democratically run enterprises, deciding what, how and where to produce, and what to do with any profits—could, and likely would, put social needs and goals (like proper preparation for pandemics) ahead of profits. Workers are the majority in all capitalist societies; their interests are those of the majority. Employers are always a small minority; theirs are the "special interests" of that minority. Capitalism gives that minority the position, profits and power to determine how the society as a whole lives or dies. That's why all employees now wonder and worry about how long our jobs, incomes, homes and bank accounts will last—if we still have them. A minority (employers) decides all those questions and excludes the majority (employees) from making those decisions, even though that majority must live with their results. Of course, the top priority now is to put public health and safety first. To that end, employees across the country are now thinking about [[Strikes during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic|refusing to obey orders to work]] in [[w:Occupational safety and health|unsafe job conditions]]. U.S. capitalism has thus placed a [[general strike]] on today's social agenda. A close second priority is to learn from capitalism's failure in the face of the pandemic. We must not suffer such a dangerous and unnecessary social breakdown again. Thus system change is now also moving onto today's social agenda.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], ''[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''.

==X==
* It's impossible for a white person to believe in capitalism and not believe in [[racism]]. You can't have capitalism without racism.
** [[Malcolm X]], Speech, May 29, 1964, ''The Harlem Hate-Gang-Scare'', p. 69 as quoted in ''Malcolm X Speaks'' (1965)

* It is impossible for capitalism to survive, primarily because the [[system]] of capitalism needs some [[blood]] to suck. Capitalism used to be like an [[eagle]], but now it's more like a [[vulture]]. It used to be strong enough to go and suck anybody's blood whether they were strong or not. But now it has become more cowardly, like the vulture, and it can only suck the blood of the helpless. As the nations of the world free themselves, capitalism has less victims, less to suck, and it becomes weaker and weaker. It's only a matter of time in my opinion before it will collapse completely….
** [[Malcolm X]], ''Malcolm X Speaks'' (1965), March 1965, p. 199.

==Z ==
* Capitalism has always been a failure for the lower classes. It is now beginning to fail for the middle classes.
** [[Howard Zinn]], ''A People's History of the United States'', 1995 edition, chapter 23.
* Let's take the case of slavery. While capitalism legitimizes itself as the economic system that implies and furthers personal freedom (as a condition of market exchange), it generated slavery on its own, as part of its own dynamics: although slavery became almost extinct at the end of the Middle Ages, it re-emerged in colonies from early modernity till the American Civil War. And one can risk the hypothesis that today, with the new epoch of global capitalism, a new era of slavery is also arising. Although there is no longer a direct legal category of enslaved persons, slavery acquires a multitude of new forms: millions of migrant workers in the Saudi peninsula (UAE, Qatar, etc.), who are deprived of elementary civil rights and freedoms and subjected to restricted mobility; the total control of millions of workers in Asian sweatshops, often consciously organized as concentration camps; the massive use of forced labor in the exploitation of natural resources in many Central African states (Congo, etc.). This new ''de facto'' apartheid, this systematic explosion of a number of different forms of contemporary slavery, is not a deplorable accident but a structural necessity of today's global capitalism.
**[[Slavoj Žižek]], ''The Courage of Hopelessness: A Year of Acting Dangerously'' (2018), p. 29

== See also ==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
*[[Bailout|Bailouts]]
* [[Banking]]
* [[Bourgeoisie]]
* [[Bribery]]
* [[Business]]
* [[Capital]]
* [[Capital accumulation]]
* [[Class conflict]]
* [[Colonialism]]
* [[Commodity]]
* [[Consumerism]]
* [[Consumption]]
* [[Corporations]]
* [[Corruption]]
* [[Criticism of capitalism]]
* [[Democracy]]
* [[Economic inequality]]
* [[Economics]]
* [[Enclosure]]
* [[Exploitation]]
* [[Free market]]
* [[Free trade]]
* [[Greed]]
* [[Ideology]]
* [[Imperialism]]
* ''[[Laissez-faire]]''
{{col-2}}
* [[Interest]]
* [[Market]]
* [[Mammon]]
* [[Market failure]]
* [[Mode of production]]
* [[Money]]
* [[Ownership]]
* [[Private property]]
* [[Production]]
* [[Property]]
* [[Religious views on capitalism]]
* [[Ruling class]]
* [[Socialism]]
* [[Stock market]]
* [[Trade]]
* [[Usury]]
* [[Wage slavery]]
* [[War]]
* [[Wealth]]
* [[Working class]]
{{col-end}}

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}
{{wiktionary|capitalism}}
{{Commons category}}

[[Category:Business]]
[[Category:Economics]]
[[Category:Political ideologies]]

Torture

2020-10-19T15:48:11Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880521 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:A_Clockwork_Orange_-_the_treatment.jpg|thumb|[[w:American Psychological Association|APA]] has a long history of prohibiting torture. Since 1985, APA has issued numerous policies condemning torture, which have been reaffirmed and refined over the years. APA’s policies draw upon international human rights instruments and have expressly adopted the definitions of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in the [[w:U.N. Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment|U.N. Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment]]. APA’s policy prohibits psychologists from participating in national security interrogations at detention settings operating in violation of the U.S. Constitution or international law. Jessen was never a member of APA. Mitchell resigned his APA membership in 2006. ~ [[w:American Psychological Association|American Psychological Association]]]]
[[File:11th century unknown painters - Sts Savinus and Cyprian are tortured - WGA19709.jpg|thumb|right|Everything will be dead inside you. Never again will you be capable of [[love]], or [[friendship]], or [[joy]] of living, or [[laughter]], or [[curiosity]], or [[courage]], or [[integrity]]. You will be hollow. We shall squeeze you empty and then we shall fill you with ourselves. ~ [[George Orwell]]]]
[[File:Restraint_chair_used_for_enteral_feeding_-b.jpg|thumb|I was kept awake for many days straight. I was forced to remain in painful positions for hours at a time. These are things I do not want to write about; I want only to [[forget]]. ~ [[w:Lakhdar Boumediene|Lakhdar Boumediene]]]]
[[File:Forcefeeding.jpg|thumb|The [[w:American Medical Association|American Medical Association]] and the [[w:Red Cross|Red Cross]] both condemn [[w:force-feeding|force-feeding]] as a form of [[torture]]. And yet, the U.S. government and the United Nations have both force-fed hunger-striking prisoners. The real problem? Most people probably don’t realize how complicated force-feeding is, and how much can go wrong. ~ Esther Inglis-Arkell]]
[[File:Picard.jpg|thumb|200px|Particularly where it is associated with the more prosperous countries, or those that see themselves as bringers of civilization, torture may wear a humane, almost kindly face. It goes under euphemisms such as 'pressure', 'shock', 'stress' and 'duress'; and the perpetrators themselves will see a distinction between what they do and what they consider to be torture. However, this is as vicious a form of torture as any: it can leave people mentally and physically disabled—indeed, the practitioners acknowledge the potential to render people psychotic, in hours or days. ~ Athar Yawar]]
[[File:The_inside_of_a_jail_of_the_Spanish_Inquisition%2C_with_a_prie_Wellcome_V0041650.jpg|thumb|200px|The one thing we know about torture is that it was never designed in the first place to get at the actual truth of anything; it was designed in the darkest days of human history to produce false confessions in order to annihilate [[political]] and [[religious]] dissidents. And that is how it always works: it gets confessions regardless of their accuracy. ~ [[Andrew Sullivan]]]]
'''[[w:Torture|Torture]]''' is any act by which severe [[pain]], whether [[physical]] or [[psychological]], is [[intentionally]] inflicted on a [[person]] as a means of [[intimidation]], a deterrent, [[revenge]], a [[punishment]], or as a method for the extraction of [[information]] or [[confessions]].

== Quotes ==
* Torture, encouraged from above, became a fact of life [[w:Human rights in post-invasion Iraq|[in occupied Iraq]]]. Perhaps some good [[liberal]] apologist for Blair will soon explain how democratic torture is much nicer than authoritarian torture.
**[[Tariq Ali]], ''[http://www.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,,1445964,00.html For one day only, I'm a Lib Dem ]'' (March 26, 2005), ''[[The Guardian]]''

* [[w:American Psychological Association|APA]] has a long history of prohibiting torture. Since 1985, APA has issued numerous policies condemning torture, which have been reaffirmed and refined over the years. APA’s policies draw upon international human rights instruments and have expressly adopted the definitions of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in the [[w:U.N. Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment|U.N. Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment]]. APA’s policy prohibits psychologists from participating in national security interrogations at detention settings operating in violation of the U.S. Constitution or international law. Jessen was never a member of APA. Mitchell resigned his APA membership in 2006.
** [[w:American Psychological Association|American Psychological Association]], [http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2017/08/torture-settlement.aspx "APA Reaction to Settlement of Torture Case Against Psychologists"], (August 17, 2017).

* The American Medical Association and the Red Cross both condemn [[w:force-feeding|force-feeding]] as a form of [[torture]]. And yet, the U.S. government and the United Nations have both force-fed hunger-striking prisoners. The real problem? Most people probably don’t realize how complicated force-feeding is, and how much can go wrong.
** Esther Inglis-Arkell, [https://io9.gizmodo.com/heres-what-really-happens-when-you-force-feed-someone-1699078018 "Here's What Really Happens When You Force-Feed Someone"], ''IO9'', (4/21/15).

*'''If I were not an [[atheist]], I would believe in a [[God]] who would choose to save people on the basis of the totality of their [[lives]] and not the pattern of their [[words]].''' I think he would prefer an [[honest]] and [[righteous]] atheist to a [[TV]] [[preacher]] whose every word is God, God, God, and whose every deed is foul, foul, foul. I would also want a God who would not allow a [[Hell]]. '''Infinite torture can only be a punishment for [[infinite]] [[evil]], and I don't believe that infinite evil can be said to exist even in the case of [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]].''' Besides, if most [[human]] [[governments]] are civilized enough to try to eliminate torture and outlaw cruel and unusual punishments, can we expect anything less of an all-[[merciful]] God? I feel that if there were an afterlife, [[punishment]] for evil would be reasonable and of a fixed term. And '''I feel that the longest and worst punishment should be reserved for those who slandered God by inventing Hell.'''
** [[Isaac Asimov]], ''Asimov: A Memoir'' (1994).

* RACK, n. An argumentative implement formerly much used in persuading devotees of a false faith to embrace the living truth. As a call to the unconverted the rack never had any particular efficacy, and is now held in light popular esteem.
** [[Ambrose Bierce]], ''The Devil's Dictionary'' (1911).

* I was kept awake for many days straight. I was forced to remain in painful positions for hours at a time. These are things I do not want to write about; I want only to [[forget]].
** [[w:Lakhdar Boumediene|Lakhdar Boumediene]], [[w:Guantanamo Bay|Guantanamo Bay]] Detainee [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/03/18/the-dark-ages NewYorker "The Dark Ages"], (2013/03/18).

* Perhaps we cannot prevent this world from being a world in which children are tortured. But we can reduce the number of tortured children. And if you don’t help us, who else in the world can help us do this?
** [[Albert Camus]], at the Dominican Monastery of Latour-Maubourg (1948); reported in ''Resistance, Rebellion and Death'' (translation by Justin O'Brien, 1961), p. 73.

*'''Question''': [[Films]] like ''[[w:Funny Games (film)|Funny Games (2007 films)]]'' have a strong streak of sadism in them, with psychological as well as physical torture. For me, it’s one of quite a few ‘blow your brains out’ movies of the last eighteen months [Carpenter laughs]. Are we trying to rationalise and digest events in the middle-east?
:'''John Carpenter''': Yeah, that’s partially it. All the torture movies…well, you know where that came from. That’s not a mystery - look at the [[w:Abu Ghraib|Abu Ghraib]] photos. ‘Oh yeah? Well we’ll get even with you’…Of course, it’s a big deal, it’s a part of our government now, torture. Please! So if they’re gonna do it, we can show it. It just became that. '''The [[war]] is grim; all war is grim.'''
:* [[John Carpenter]] in [HTTP://WWW.DENOFGEEK.COM/US/MOVIES/HALLOWEEN/13379/THE-DEN-OF-GEEK-INTERVIEW-JOHN-CARPENTER "The Den of Geek interview: John Carpenter"], ''Den of Geek'' (June 3, 2018).

* I want to make sure that if my government ever does this horrible, terrible, extraordinary thing, that somebody takes responsibility for it and that it be out there in the open and subject to accountability. … Though I understand the danger of legitimating something that should not be legitimated, on balance in a democracy, I prefer accountability.
** [[Alan Dershowitz]], Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law at [[w:Harvard Law School|Harvard Law School]], debating [[w:David D. Cole|David D. Cole]] [http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2007/10.04/13-hls.html Pre-emption: Preventive, coercive, or both?] (2007).

* Night and day among the tombs and in the hills he would cry out and cut himself with stones. When he saw Jesus from a distance, he ran and fell on his knees in front of him. He shouted at the top of his voice, "What do you want with me, Jesus, Son of the Most High God? In God's name don't torture me!" For Jesus had said to him, "Come out of this man, you impure spirit!" 9Then Jesus asked him, "What is your name?" "My name is Legion," he replied, "for we are many."
** [[Gospel of Mark|Mark]] 5:5-9

* There are one or two rules of thumb which are useful in distinguishing sadism from exciting adventure in the comics. Threat of torture is harmless, but when the torture it’s self is shown it becomes sadism. When a lovely heroine is show bound to the stake, comics followers are sure that the rescue will arrive just in the nick of time. The readers wish is to see save the girl, not to see her suffer. A bound or chained person does not suffer even embarrassment in the comics, and the reader, therefore is not being taught to enjoy suffering.
** [[William Moulton Marston]] as quoted in Olive Richard Bryne's, "Don't laugh at the comics", ''Family Circle'', (Oct 25, 1940).

* We will not torture... We will not torture people... It doesn't work, my friends. It doesn't work. If you inflict enough pain on somebody long enough, they're going to tell you whatever they think you want to hear to have it stopped... There are accomplished interrogators who can gain the confidence of the suspect and gain all the information that they could possibly want.
** [[John McCain]], regarding U.S. president-elect [[Donald J. Trump]]'s intention to reintroduce the usage of torture by U.S. authorities, as quoted in [https://www.facebook.com/Channel4News/videos/10154266695396939/ "John McCain attacks Donald Trump's torture stance"] (21 November 2016), ''Channel 4 News''

* Stripped of its bizarre excesses, [[w:Donald Ewen Cameron|Cameron]]'s experiments, building upon Donald O. Hebb's earlier breakthrough, laid the scientific foundation for the [[CIA]]'s two-stage psychological torture method.
** Alfred W. McCoy, as quoted by Klein, N., "The Shock Doctrine", p. 41, Metropolitan Books, New York, (2007)

* Yeahhh, torture, [[w:Motherfucker|motherfucker]], [[what]]? Torture, [[w:Nigga|nigga]], what?
** [[w:Method Man|Method Man]], “[[w:Wu Tang Clan|Wu Tang Clan]]”, [[w:Method Man (song)|Method Man]], [[w:B-side|B-side]] to the single "[[w:Protect Ya Neck|Protect Ya Neck]]", (May 3, 1993); featured on the album ''[[w:Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)|Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)]]''.

* Look, torture works on 24 and in movies because it has to. It’s a dramatic device to move the plot along, but ask terror experts and they’ll tell you it’s one of those movie tropes that’s got no basis in real life. Like a wedding being interrupted, or someone this handsome [Brad Pitt] feeling sad, or this character [Emma Stone in Aloha] being part-Asian. It works because it just says it does and we’re supposed to take it.
** [[John Oliver]], [http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/06/15/john-oliver-and-helen-mirren-take-the-u-s-and-24-s-jack-bauer-to-task-over-torture.html "John Oliver and Helen Mirren Take the U.S. and ‘24’s’ Jack Bauer to Task Over Torture"], ''Last Week Tonight'', (06-15-15).

* Everything will be dead inside you. Never again will you be capable of [[love]], or [[friendship]], or joy of living, or [[laughter]], or [[curiosity]], or [[courage]], or [[integrity]]. You will be hollow. We shall squeeze you empty and then we shall fill you with ourselves.
** [[George Orwell]], Winston Smith's torturer in ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]'' (1949)

* You asked me once, what was in Room 101. I told you that you knew the answer already. Everyone knows it. The thing that is in Room 101 is the worst thing in the world.
** [[George Orwell]], ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]'' (1949), Part III, Chapter V.

* We are relieved that James Mitchell and John ‘Bruce’ Jessen abandoned their ill-advised effort to fight the lawsuit alleging that they were responsible for harming three men who were imprisoned and tortured in a secret CIA [[prison]]. However, this settlement in no way absolves them of [[responsibility]] for violating the [[ethics]] of their profession and leaving a stain on the discipline of [[psychology]]. We hope that the settling of this case gives some solace to the three plaintiffs and others who endured similar treatment.
** [[w:Antonio E. Puente|Antonio E. Puente]], [http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2017/08/torture-settlement.aspx "APA Reaction to Settlement of Torture Case Against Psychologists"] ''American Psychological Association'', (August 17, 2017)

* The Porto Ricans (sic) are the dirtiest, laziest, most degenerate and thievish race of men ever to inhabit this sphere… I have done my best to further the process of extermination by killing off eight and transplanting cancer into several more… All physicians take delight in the abuse and torture of the unfortunate subjects.
** [[w:Cornelius Rhoads|Cornelius Rhoads]] as quoted by Truman R. Clark. ''Puerto Rico and the United States'', 1917-1933, (1975), pp. 151-154.

* I mentioned to one of the gaolers my sense of this hardship, as an obstinate guilty person might deny the truth, whilst an innocent one, less courageous, might very readily, to relieve himself from such a state of misery, make a false confession. His answer was laconic: ''"Lago confess"'' … "They soon confess."
** [[w:William Sampson (attorney)|William Sampson]], writing of his experience under torture, quoting an inquisitor on its futility as a means of obtaining information ''[http://www.rewinn.com/8017.html Memoirs of William Sampson, 2nd Edition]'' (1817), Letter XVII

* Torture is senseless violence, born in fear... torture costs human lives but does not save them. We would almost be too lucky if these crimes were the work of savages: the truth is that torture makes torturers.
** [[Jean-Paul Sartre]], "A Victory" (1958).

* Jack Bauer saved Los Angeles. He saved hundreds of thousands of lives, are you going to convict Jack Bauer? Say that criminal law is against him? 'You have the right to a jury trial?' Is any jury going to convict Jack Bauer? I don't think so."
** [[Antonin Scalia]] citing the television program [[24 (TV series)|24]] to support torture. [http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/06/15/john-oliver-and-helen-mirren-take-the-u-s-and-24-s-jack-bauer-to-task-over-torture.html "John Oliver and Helen Mirren Take the U.S. and ‘24’s’ Jack Bauer to Task Over Torture"], ''Last Week Tonight'', (06-15-15).

* The one thing we know about torture is that it was never designed in the first place to get at the actual truth of anything; it was designed in the darkest days of human history to produce false confessions in order to annihilate [[political]] and [[religious]] dissidents. And that is how it always works: it gets confessions regardless of their accuracy.
** [[Andrew Sullivan]], [http://andrewsullivan.theatlantic.com/the_daily_dish/2007/10/imaginationland.html "Imaginationland"], ''The Daily Dish The Atlantic'' (2007-10-25).

* On [[9/11]], [[Dick Cheney|Cheney]] immediately thought of the worst possible scenario: What if this had been done with [[w:WMD|WMD]]s? It has haunted him ever since - for good and even noble reasons. This [[panic]] led him immediately to think of [[Saddam Hussein|Saddam]]. But it also led him to realize that our [[w:Military intelligence|intelligence]] was so crappy that we simply didn't know what might be coming. That's why the decision to use torture was the first - and most significant - [[decision]] this administration made. It is integral to the intelligence behind the [[war on terror]]. And Cheney's bizarre view of executive power made it easy in his mind simply to break the [[law]] and withdraw from Geneva because torture, in his mind, was the only [[weapon]] we had.
** [[Andrew Sullivan]], [http://andrewsullivan.theatlantic.com/the_daily_dish/2007/10/imaginationland.html "Imaginationland"], ''The Daily Dish The Atlantic'' (2007-10-25).

* But torture gives false information. And the worst scenarios that tortured detainees coughed up - many of them completely innocent, remember - may well have come to fuel US national security policy. And of course they also fueled more torture. Because once you hear of the existential plots confessed by one tortured prisoner, you need to torture more prisoners to get at the real truth. We do not know what actual [[w:Military intelligence|intelligence]] they were getting, and [[Dick Cheney|Cheney]] has ensured that we will never know. But it is perfectly conceivable that the torture regime - combined with [[panic]] and [[paranoia]] - created an imaginationland of un[[truth]] and half-truth that has guided US policy for this entire war. It may well have led to the president being informed of any number of plots that never existed, and any number of threats that are pure imagination. And once torture has entered the system, you can never find out the real truth. You are lost in a vortex of [[lies]] and [[fears]]. In this vortex, the actual [[threats]] that we face may well be overlooked or ignored, as we chase false leads and pursue non-existent [[w:Weapons of Mass Destruction|WMDs]].
** [[Andrew Sullivan]], [http://andrewsullivan.theatlantic.com/the_daily_dish/2007/10/imaginationland.html "Imaginationland"], ''The Daily Dish The Atlantic'' (2007-10-25).

* Particularly where it is associated with the more prosperous countries, or those that see themselves as bringers of civilization, torture may wear a humane, almost kindly face. It goes under euphemisms such as 'pressure', 'shock', 'stress' and 'duress'; and the perpetrators themselves will see a distinction between what they do and what they consider to be torture. However, this is as vicious a form of torture as any: it can leave people mentally and physically disabled—indeed, the practitioners acknowledge the potential to render people psychotic, in hours or days. The victim is typically subjected to physical punishments that do not leave obvious scars, and this means that, should the case ever come under legal scrutiny, physical evidence of torture may be lacking. However, many ways of causing extreme pain remain possible. The subject will be tightly handcuffed and restrained, often in a way that damages nerves and muscles; he may be suspended in painful postures, or forced to assume them himself, with damage to muscles and joints; he may be subjected to electric shocks. Typically, he will be kept in a [[small]], [[dark]], bedless cell, with inadequate [[food]] and variable [[toilet]] facilities, so that his own [[filth]] stains the floor and dampens his [[clothes]]. He may be exposed to [[extreme]] [[heat]] or [[cold]], and perhaps forced to stare at the [[sun]]. Beatings with rifle butts and kicking with military boots can cause lasting damage; lashing on the soles of the feet can make walking painful for years. A [[doctor]] may well be present, persuading the [[prisoner]] that he is in the [[wrong]] and that all he must do is recant. The doctor may even provide medication—as a symbol of civilization, or to keep the patient alive (deaths in custody can be inconvenient), or to cause [[pain]] or [[disability]].
** Athar Yawar, [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1079554/ "Healing in survivors of torture"], ''J R Soc Med.'' 2004 Aug; 97(8): 366–370.

* How can people do this to one another? In society, few people are actively [[sadistic]] or [[psychopathic]]. To impose one's [[will]] on another, particularly with [[brutality]], is possible only if one views oneself as [[wiser]] or more [[valuable]]; and this notion is fostered by creeds that exalt certain groups and denigrate others. People torture in the name of [[ideals]] that, in their [[culture]], would be held to be unassailable—[[democracy]], [[freedom]], [[Islam]]. What counts is the label, not the reality of these doctrines. Milgram demonstrated the power of labels when, in his experiment, men in white coats persuaded volunteers to deliver what they thought were lethal electric shocks to screaming individuals (who were acting the part). The quiet priestly authority of 'progress' outweighed the volunteers' own consciences.
** Athar Yawar, [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1079554/ "Healing in survivors of torture"], ''J R Soc Med.'' 2004 Aug; 97(8): 366–370.

* Human beings, regrettably, are easily conditioned to the notion that other sorts of people are different, inferior, intrinsically dangerous. [[Education]] is no protection against such conditioning—indeed, the leaders and propagators of [[political]] [[violence]] are commonly from among the well educated. But an intrinsic [[feeling]] of [[superiority]], or necessity, is not enough: the torturer must be placed in an appropriate role. Zimbardo demonstrated the importance of this when he placed students in a mock jail, some as prisoners, others as guards. Within a few days the experiment had to be stopped, such was the treatment meted out to the prisoners by the guards. The torturer may see himself as a [[defender]] of [[humanity]], when all the while his conduct is dominated by brutality and corruption. In areas where torture is well established, people are swept up off the streets on a [[suspicion]] or a [[word]]; [[bribery]] secures release, and maladministration results in detention or even execution of the [[innocent]].
** Athar Yawar, [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1079554/ "Healing in survivors of torture"], ''J R Soc Med.'' 2004 Aug; 97(8): 366–370.

* [[Turkey]]’s ruling [[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]] (AKP) came to power 18 years ago pledging "{{w|zero tolerance}}" for [[w:Torture in Turkey|torture]]. For a while, it seemed sincere. [...] Such hopes now lie in tatters.
** [[Amberin Zaman]] on torture during the {{w|2016–present purges in Turkey}}, ''[https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2020/07/torture-turkey-rise-erdogan-republic-fear.html Torture on the rise in Erdogan’s Turkey]'' (July 31, 2020), ''{{w|Al-Monitor}}''

==External links==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wiktionary|torture}}

[[Category:Crime]]
[[Category:Psychology]]
[[Category:Vices]]
[[fa:شکنجه]]

Nazism

2020-10-19T15:48:09Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880522 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:Flag of Nazi Germany (1933-1945).svg|thumb|When the Nazis came for the [[communists]], I remained [[silent]]; I was not a communist. When they locked up the [[social democrats]], I remained silent; I was not a social democrat. When they came for the [[trade unionists]], I did not speak out; I was not a trade unionist. When they came for the [[Jews]], I remained silent; I wasn't a Jew. When they came for me, there was no one left to [[speak]] out. ~ [[Martin Niemöller]]]]
[[File:FDRfiresidechat2.jpg|thumb|right|Nazi forces are not seeking mere modifications in colonial maps or in minor European boundaries. They openly seek the destruction of all elective systems of government on every continent-including our own; they seek to establish systems of government based on the regimentation of all human beings by a handful of individual rulers who have seized power by force. These men and their hypnotized followers call this a new order. It is not new. It is not order. ~ [[Franklin Roosevelt]]]]
'''{{w|National Socialism}}''', commonly referred to as '''Nazism''', was the ideology and practice of the {{w|Nazi Party}} through which [[Adolf Hitler]] rose to power in the era of [[w:Nazi Germany|Nazi Germany]]. It is a specific form of [[fascism]] which expressly promotes [[racism]] and [[antisemitism]] as policies.
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== A ==

* The Nazi State is not a "[[W:Bourgeoisie#Nazism|bourgeois]]" but a "[[Right-wing socialism|Socialist]]" State, on the strength of which it can afford to prevent workers from defending their own interests.
** {{w|Aurel Kolnai}}, ''The War Against the West'' (1938) London, UK, p. 325.

* By exploiting material wealth confiscated and plundered in a racial war, Hitler’s National Socialism achieved an unprecedented level of economic equality and created vast new opportunities for upward mobility for the German people.
** [[Götz Aly]], ''Hitler’s Beneficiaries: Plunder, Racial War, and the Nazi Welfare State'', New York: NY, Metropolitan Books (2007) pp. 7-8

* Another source of the Nazi Party’s popularity was its [[liberal]] borrowing from the intellectual tradition of the [[socialist]] [[Left-wing politics|left]]. Many of the men who would become the movement’s leaders had been involved in [[communist]] and socialist circles.
**[[Götz Aly]], ''Hitler’s Beneficiaries: Plunder, Racial War, and the Nazi Welfare State'', New York: Metropolitan Books (2007) p. 16

* In one of his central pronouncements, Hitler promised 'the creation of a socially just state,' a model society that would 'continue to eradicate all [social] barriers.'
** [[Götz Aly]], ''Hitler’s Beneficiaries: Plunder, Racial War, and the Nazi Welfare State'', New York: NY, Metropolitan Books (2007) p. 13. Hitler’s speech to workers at the Berlin’s Rheinmetall-Borsig factory (Oct. 10, 1940)

== B ==
* Nazism, for all its revolutionary jargon, represented in its essence a reaction against the nine-teenth-century faith in human [[progress]]. It was an attempt to seize history by the collar and frog-march it in a direction determined primaly by the selfish interests and obsessive beliefs of those in power. From the outset it wan an {{w|anti-intellectual}} movement, offering its adherents the spurious solidarity of the street gang and the prospecive enjoyment of stolen booty.
** [[Bernard Wasserstein]], {{cite book |title=Barbarism and Civilization: A History of Europe in our Time |date=2009 |publisher=''{{w|Oxford University Press}}'' |isbn=978-0-19-162251-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XicFgasYzWQC&pg=PA244 |page=203}}

* [[W:Religious aspects of Nazism#Nazism and Christianity|The Nazis despised Christianity]] for its [[W:Split of early Christianity and Judaism|Judaic roots]], effeminacy, otherworldliness and universality... One would have to visit the {{w|Reformation}} or the extremes of [[liberal]] {{w|anti-clericalism}} in the modern era to find anything analogous to their vicious and vulgar attacks on [[priests]].
** {{w|Michael Burleigh}}, ''The Third Reich: A New History'', New York: NY, Hill and Wang (2000) p. 255

*To socialize is to nationalize.
**[[w:Arthur Moeller van den Bruck | Arthur Moeller van den Bruck ]], as quoted in ''The War Against the West'', Aurel Kolnai, New York: NY, The Viking Press, 1938, p.329 [https://archive.org/details/TheWarAgainstTheWest/page/n329]

== C ==
* One fine day the [[bourgeoisie]] is awakened by a terrific reverse shock: the gestapos are busy, the prisons fill up, the torturers around the racks invent, refine, discuss.People are surprised, they become indignant. They say: “How strange! But never mind — it’s Nazism, it will pass!” And they wait, and they hope; and they hide the truth from themselves, that it is barbarism, but the supreme barbarism, the crowning barbarism that sums up all the daily barbarisms; that it is Nazism, yes, but that before they were its victims, they were its accomplices; that they tolerated that Nazism before it was inflicted on them, that they absolved it, shut their eyes to it, legitimized it, because, until then, it had been applied only to non-European peoples; that they have cultivated that Nazism, that they are responsible for it.
** [[Aimé Césaire]], ''Discourse on Colonialism'' (1955), p. 36

* The power of the Executive to cast a man into prison without formulating any charge known to the [[law]], and particularly to deny him the judgment of his peers, is in the highest degree odious and is the foundation of all [[totalitarian]] government whether Nazi or Communist.
** [[Winston Churchill]], as quoted in ''In The Highest Degree Odious : Detention Without Trial in Wartime Britain'' (1992), by [[w:A. W. B. Simpson|A. W. B. Simpson]]

* Nazi leaders were noted for love of their pets and for certain animals, notably apex predators like the wolf and the lion. [[Hitler]], a vegetarian and hater of hunting, adored dogs and spent some of his final hours in the company of Blondi, whom he would take for walks outside the bunker at some danger to himself. He had a particular enthusiasm for birds and most of all for wolves. [...] [[Goebbels]] said, famously, ‘The only real friend one has in the end is the dog. . . The more I get to know the human species, the more I care for my Benno.’ Goebbels also agreed with Hitler that ‘meat eating is a perversion in our human nature,’ and that [[Christianity]] was a ‘symptom of decay’, since it did not urge vegetarianism. [...] On the one hand, monsters of cruelty towards their fellow humans; on the other, kind to animals and zealous in their interest. In their very fine essay on such contradictions, Arnold Arluke and Boria Sax offer three observations. One, as just noted, many Nazi leaders harboured affection towards animals but antipathy to humans. Hitler was given films by a maharaja which displayed animals killing people. The Führer watched with equanimity. Another film showed humans killing animals. Hitler covered his eyes and begged to be told when the slaughter was over.
** [[w:Alexander Cockburn|Alexander Cockburn]] "[http://www.counterpunch.org/2005/08/18/vegetarians-nazis-for-animal-rights-blitzkrieg-of-the-ungulates/ Vegetarians, Nazis for Animal Rights, Blitzkrieg of the Ungulates]". CounterPunch. (August 18, 2005). Retrieved April 6, 2013.

*Fascism was the shadow or ugly child of communism… As Fascism sprang from Communism, so Nazism developed from Fascism. Thus were set on foot those kindred movements which were destined soon to plunge the world into more hideous strife, which none can say has ended with their destruction.
**[[Winston Churchill]], ''The Second World War, Volume 1, The Gathering Storm'', Mariner Books, 1985, pp. 13-14. First published in 1948

* America had a fling at National Socialism. Roosevelt was for all administration purposes a dictator, but a benevolent one, and the country loved it.
** [[Alistair Cooke]], "Alistair Cooke's America", New York: NY, Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. (1973) p. 329.

== D ==
*As for the explanation that fascism is a last desperate attempt of capitalism to delay the socialist revolution, it simply is not true. It is not true that ‘big business’ promoted fascism. On the contrary, both in Italy and in Germany the proportion of fascist sympathizers and backers was smallest in the industrial and financial classes. It is equally untrue that ‘big business’ profits from fascism; of all the classes it probably suffers most from totalitarian economics and ''Wehrwirtschaft.''
**[[Peter Drucker]], ''The End of Economic Man'', The John Day Company, The End of Economic Man (1939) p. 7

*[T]he enemy of totalitarian Nazism is not in the East. It is not Russian communism. The complete collapse of the belief in the attainability of freedom and equality through Marxist socialism has forced Russia to travel the same road toward a totalitarian, purely negative, noneconomic society of unfreedom and inequality which Germany has been following… During the last few years Russia has therefore been forced to adopt one purely totalitarian and fascist principle after the other; not, it must be emphasized, because of a ‘Stalinist conspiracy,” but because there was no other possibility.
**[[Peter Drucker]], ''The End of Economic Man'', The John Day Company, The End of Economic Man (1939) pp. 245-246

*Fascism is the stage reached after communism has proved an illusion. And it has been proven as much of an illusion in Stalinist Russia as it proven an illusion in pre-Hitler Germany. Communism in anything but name was abandoned in Russia when the Five-Year Plan was substituted for the [[w:New Economic Policy | New Economic Policy ]] (NEP) after [[Vladimir Lenin |Lenin’s]] death.
**[[Peter Drucker]], ''The End of Economic Man'', The John Day Company, The End of Economic Man (1939) p. 246

== F ==
* The discource of Nazism was vital force, power was its only end, and violence it only means. By camouflaging its means by its end through the use of [[Leninist]] language, it betrayed its origins, like vice paying hidden homage to virtue, as it continued to declare that recociliation of humanity was its goal. .... To a society justifiably terrified by the threat of Communism, the Nazis offered protection and renewal, at the price of the same means used by Communism but in an ideological version that radically suppressed any idea of morality. ... Nazism was a German form of {{w|Bolshevism}} turned against its initial form. ... It was in Nazi Germany that Bolshevism was perfected; there, political power truly absorbed all spheres of existence, from the economy to religion, from technology to the soul. The irony, the tragedy, of history was that both [[totalitarian]] regimes, identical in their aim for absolute power over dehumanized beings, presented themselves as protection from the danger presented by the other.
** {{w|François Furet}}, ''The Passing of an Illusion, The Idea of Communism in the Twentieth Century'', University of Chicago Press (1999) pp. 205-07

*There are some good reasons why National Socialism belongs to the left rather than the right politically. In any case, [Hitler] had more in common with Stalin's totalitarianism than with Mussolini's fascism. In Italy in the twenties and thirties there were still the traditional class differences, while Hitler, unlike the socialists of all shades, promoted social equality. After the so-called seizure of power, contrary to what some members of the upper classes hoped, he did not restore the privileges lost in 1918. Instead, he simply replaced Marx's term of classless society with the vocabulary of the ‘people's community’ and sold the still terrifyingly socialist-sounding term as a kind of permanent fraternity celebration.
**[[w:Joachim Fest | Joachim Fest]], [https://taz.de/!703669/ “Was Adolf Hitler a leftist?”] Taz.am Wochenende (27 September 2003)

* [[Fascism]], Nazism and {{w|Stalinism}} have in common that they offered the atomized individual a new refuge and security. These systems are the culmination of alienation.
** [[Erich Fromm]], in ''The Sane Society'' (1955), p. 237

== G ==
* [Nazi] Germany is showing to the world how efficiently violence can be worked when it is not hampered by any hypocrisy or weakness masquerading as [[humanitarianism]]. It is also showing how hideous, terrible and terrifying it looks in its nakedness.
**[[Mahatma Gandhi]] in ''Zionism and Anti-Semitism'' (November 1938), as quoted in ''[https://books.google.co.za/books?id=pjN3jZQ74AoC&pg=PA319#v=onepage&q&f=false The Gandhi Reader: A Sourcebook of His Life and Writings]'', p. 319

* We are against the political bourgeoisie, and for genuine [[nationalism]]! We are against [[Marxism]], but for true socialism! We are for the first German national state of a socialist nature! We are for the National Socialist German Workers’ Party!
** Written by [[Joseph Goebbels]] and Mjölnir, ''Die verfluchten Hakenkreuzler. Etwas zum Nachdenken'' (Munich: Verlag Frz. Eher, 1932). Translated as “Those Damned Nazis,” (propaganda pamphlet). [http://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/haken32.htm]

* Lenin was the greatest man, second only to Hitler, and that the difference between communism and the Hitler faith was very slight.
**[[Joseph Goebbels]], as quoted in ''The New York Times'', “HITLERITE RIOT IN BERLIN: Beer Glasses Fly When Speaker Compares Hitler and Lenin,” (Nov. 28, 1925) p. 4.

* We and we alone [the [[Nazis]]] have the best social welfare measures. Everything is done for the nation. . . .The [[Jews]] are the incarnation of capitalism.
** [[Joseph Goebbels]], ''I Will Bear Witness: A Diary of the Nazi Years, 1942-1945'', [[w:Victor Klemperer|Victor Klemperer]], Vol. 2 , Random House, Inc. (2001) p. 317. Goebbels’ “Our Socialism” editorial was written on April 30, 1944.

== H ==
[[File:Hitler portrait crop.jpg|thumb|Germany's economic policy is conducted exclusively in accordance with the interests of the German people. In this respect '''I am a fanatical socialist, one who has ever in mind the interests of all his people.''' ~ [[Adolf Hitler]]]]
* When [Hitler] talked of National-Socialism what he really meant was military-Socialism, Socialism within a framework of military discipline or, in civilian terms, police-Socialism.
** [[Ernst Hanfstaengl]], ''Hitler: The Memoir of a Nazi Insider Who Turned Against the Führer'', New York: NY, Arcade Publishing, 2011, pp. 70-71

* De Rougemont began by thinking that Hitler’s state was a regime of the right. But during a lengthy stay in Frankfurt as a visiting professor, he found himself involuntarily questioning this. “What unsettled him,” writes Boyd, “was the fact that those who stood most naturally on the right—lawyers, doctors, industrialists and so on—were the very ones who most bitterly denounced National Socialism. '''Far from being a bulwark against Communism, they complained, it was itself communism in disguise”'''
** [[Peter Hitchens]], [https://www.firstthings.com/web-exclusives/2019/09/hitler-the-progressive Hitler The Progressive], ''First Things'', 16 September 2019

* National Socialism was egalitarian and horribly modern.
** [[Peter Hitchens]], [https://www.firstthings.com/web-exclusives/2019/09/hitler-the-progressive Hitler The Progressive], ''First Things'', 16 September 2019

* Socialism is the science of dealing with the common weal. Communism is not Socialism. Marxism is not Socialism. The Marxians have stolen the term and confused its meaning. I shall take Socialism away from the Socialists. Socialism is an ancient Aryan, Germanic institution. Our German ancestors held certain lands in common. They cultivated the idea of the common weal. Marxism has no right to disguise itself as socialism. Socialism, unlike Marxism, does not repudiate [[private property]]. Unlike Marxism, it involves no negation of personality, and unlike Marxism, it is patriotic. We might have called ourselves the [[Liberal]] Party. We chose to call ourselves the National Socialists. We are not internationalists. Our socialism is national. We demand the fulfilment of the just claims of the productive classes by the state on the basis of race solidarity. To us state and race are one.
**[[Adolf Hitler]], [https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2007/sep/17/greatinterviews1 Interview with George Sylvester Viereck, 1923]

* The National Socialist State recognizes no ‘[[W:Nazism#Social classes|classes]]’. But, under the political aspect, it recognizes only citizens with absolutely [[W:Völkisch equality|equal rights]] and equal obligations corresponding thereto.
** [[Adolf Hitler]], "Mein Kampf", Volume Two: The National Socialist Movement, chapter 12 (1926).

* We National Socialists see in private property a higher level of human economic development that according to the differences in performance controls the management of what has been accomplished enabling and guaranteeing the advantage of a higher standard of living for everyone. Bolshevism destroys not only private property but also private initiative and the readiness to shoulder responsibility.
**[[Adolf Hitler]], speech made at the Reichstag (21 May 1935) Found in ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=r_-htwAACAAJ&dq=hitler+may+21+1935+speech&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwir0MTAmInWAhXPaCYKHaFIB2UQ6AEIJjAA Translation of Herr Hitler's Speech to the German Reichstag on May 21, 1935]'' Foreign Office Press. [https://archive.org/stream/RedeDesFhrersUndReichskanzlersAdolfHitlerVorDemReichstagAm21.Mai/MicrosoftWord-Ah19350521#page/n11/mode/2up German version]

* Germany's economic policy is conducted exclusively in accordance with the interests of the German people. In this respect '''I am a fanatical socialist''', one who has ever in mind the interests of all his people.
** [[Adolf Hitler]], [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler%27s_Speech_on_the_21st_Anniversary_of_the_National_Socialist_Party_(24_February_1941) Speech on the 21st Anniversary of the National Socialist Party (24 February 1941)]

* The consequences of the activity of this regime were nothing but chaos, misery and starvation in all countries. '''I, on the other hand, have been striving for twenty years with a minimum of intervention and without destroying our production, to arrive at a new Socialist order in Germany''' which not only eliminates unemployment but also permits the worker to receive an ever greater share of the fruits of his labor.
** [[Adolf Hitler]], [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Führer_to_the_German_People:_22_June_1941 The Führer to the German People: 22 June 1941] - Proclamation of War with the Soviet Union

* All the more so after the war, the German National Socialist state, which pursued this goal from the beginning, '''will tirelessly work for the realization of a program that will ultimately lead to a complete elimination of class differences and to the creation of a true socialist community.'''
** [[Adolf Hitler]], [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler%27s_Speech_for_the_Heroes%27_Memorial_Day_(21_March_1943) Speech for the Heroes' Memorial Day (21 March 1943)]

*The greatest revolution which National Socialism has brought about is that it has rent asunder the veil which hid from us the knowledge that all human failures and mistakes are due to the conditions of the time and therefore can be remedied, but that there is one error which cannot be remedied once men have made it, namely the failure to recognize the importance of conserving the blood and the race free from intermixture and thereby the racial aspect and character which are God's gift and God's handiwork. It is not for men to discuss the question of why Providence created different races, but rather to recognize the fact that it punishes those who disregard its work of creation.
**[[Adolf Hitler]], speech before the Reichstag (30 January 1937).

*National Socialism is not a cult-movement—a movement for worship; it is exclusively a 'volkic' political doctrine based upon racial principles. In its purpose there is no mystic cult, only the care and leadership of a people defined by a common blood-relationship. Therefore we have no rooms for worship, but only halls for the people — no open spaces for worship, but spaces for assemblies and parades. We have no religious retreats, but arenas for sports and playing-fields, and the characteristic feature of our places of assembly is not the mystical gloom of a cathedral, but the brightness and light of a room or hall which combines beauty with fitness for its purpose.
**[[Adolf Hitler]], speech in Nuremberg (6 September 1938).

* Had Hitler died in middle of the 1930's, Nazism would probably have shown, under the leadership of a [[Hermann Göring|Goering]], a fundamental change in its course, and the Second World War might have been averted. Yet the sepulcher of [[Hitler]], the founder of a Nazi religion, might perhaps have been a greater evil than all the atrocities, bloodshed and destruction of Hitler's war.
** [[Eric Hoffer]], ''The True Believer'' (1951) Ch.18 Good and Bad Mass Movements, §122

* Socialism as the final concept of duty, the ethical duty of work, not just for oneself but also for one’s fellow man’s sake, and above all the principle: Common good before own good, a struggle against all parasitism and especially against easy and unearned income. And we were aware that in this fight we can rely on no one but our own people. We are convinced that socialism in the right sense will only be possible in nations and races that are Aryan, and there in the first place we hope for our own people and are convinced that socialism is inseparable from nationalism.
** [[Adolf Hitler]] "Why We Are Anti-Semites," August 15, 1920 speech in Munich at the Hofbräuhaus. Hitler gave this speech a number of times in August of 1920 to members of the National Socialist German Workers Party. Translated from ''Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte'', 16. Jahrg., 4. H. (Oct., 1968), pp. 390-420. Edited by Carolyn Yeager. [https://carolynyeager.net/why-we-are-antisemites-text-adolf-hitlers-1920-speech-hofbr%C3%A4uhaus]

* After all, that’s exactly why we call ourselves National Socialists! We want to start by implementing socialism in our nation among our Volk! It is not until the individual nations are socialist that they can address themselves to international socialism.
** [[Adolf Hitler]] according to [[w:Otto Wagener|Otto Wagener]] in ''Hitler Memoirs of a Confidant'', editor, Henry Ashby Turner, Jr., Yale University Press (1985) p. 288

* We are socialists, we are enemies of today's [[capitalism|capitalistic]] [[economic system]] for the exploitation of the economically weak, with its unfair salaries, with its unseemly evaluation of a human being according to wealth and property instead of responsibility and performance, and we are determined to destroy this system under all conditions.
** [[Adolf Hitler]] as quoted in ''Adolf Hitler: The Definitive Biography'', John Toland, New York: NY, Anchor Books, 1992, p. 224. Quote is from a speech at the Clou restaurant center on May 1, 1927. Hitler is paraphrasing Gregor Strasser’s one-page Nazi talking points memo from June 15, 1926.

* For we [National Socialists] too are considered ‘upstarts’ and ‘leftists’ by those same reactionaries. They are only too eager to apply such terms as ‘enemies of the fatherland,’ ‘Bolsheviks,’ and ‘inferiors.’”
** [[Adolf Hitler]], according to [[w: Otto Wagener|Otto Wagener]] in "Hitler Memoirs of a Confidant", editor, Henry Ashby Turner, Jr., Yale University Press (1985) p 288.

* Since we are socialists, we must necessarily also be antisemites because we want to fight against the very opposite: materialism and mammonism… '''How can you not be an antisemite, being a socialist!'''
** [[Adolf Hitler]], "Why We Are Anti-Semites," August 15, 1920 speech in Munich at the Hofbräuhaus. Translated from ''Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte'', 16. Jahrg., 4. H. (Oct., 1968), pp. 390-420. Edited by Carolyn Yeager. [https://carolynyeager.net/why-we-are-antisemites-text-adolf-hitlers-1920-speech-hofbr%C3%A4uhaus]

* This German Volksgemeinschaft is truly practical socialism and therefore National Socialism in the best sense of the word. Here everyone is obligated to carry his load.
** [[Adolf Hitler]], as quoted in ''Stagnation and Renewal in Social Policy: The Rise and Fall of Policy Regimes'', editors: Martin Rein, Gøsta Esping-Andersen, and Lee Rainwater (1987) p. 63.

== K ==
* The craziest of all political systems, the unique dictatorship, found its earned end. History will note for eternity that the German people were not able on their own initiative to shake off the yoke of the National Socialists. The victory of the Americans, English and Russians was a necessary occurrence to disrupt the National Socialists' delusions and plans for [[world domination]].
** [[Friedrich Kellner]], ''{{w|My Opposition}}'', diary entry for May 1, 1945.

* Most of the American laws defining race are not to be compared with those once enforced by Nazi [[Germany]], the latter being relatively more liberal. In the view of the Nazis, persons having less than one fourth Jewish blood could qualify as Aryans, whereas many of the American laws specify that persons having one-eighth, one-sixteenth, or 'any ascertainable' Negro blood are Negroes in the eyes of the law and subject to all restrictions governing the conduct of Negroes.
** {{w|Stetson Kennedy}}, ''Jim Crow Guide: The Way it Was'' (1955), Ch.4, "Who is Colored Where".

*National Socialism is at bottom incomparably more anti-Western than Bolshevism.
**[[w:Aurel Kolnai | Aurel Kolnai ]], ''[[w:The War Against the West | The War Against the West]]'', New York: NY, The Viking Press (1938) p. 18

* Much of the pot-pourri of ideas that went to make up Nazi ideology – an amalgam of prejudices, phobias, and utopian social expectations rather than a coherent set of intellectual propositions – was to be found in different forms and intensities before the First World War,…
** [[Ian Kershaw]], ''Hitler 1889- 1936: Hubris'', New York and London, W.W. Norton & Company (1999) p. 134

* Intensified [[W:Nazism#Anti-capitalism|anti-capitalist]] rhetoric, which Hitler was powerless to quell, worried the business community as much as ever. During the presidential campaign of spring 1932, most business leaders stayed firmly behind Hindenburg, and did not favour Hitler.
**[[Ian Kershaw]], ''Hitler 1889- 1936: Hubris'', New York and London, W.W. Norton & Company (1999) p. 359

* For Catholics--the other sub-culture which Nazism found greatest difficulty in penetrating, before and after 1933—Hitler was above all seen as the head of a 'godless', anti-Christian movement... On the nationalist-conservative Right, the relatively sympathetic treatment of Hitler at the time of the [[w:Young Plan| Young Plan]] Campaign [1929-30] had given way to hostility. Hitler was portrayed for the most part as intransigent and irresponsible, a wild and vulgar demagogue, not a statesman, an obstacle to political recovery, the head of an extremist movement with menacing socialistic tendencies.
** [[Ian Kershaw]], ''Hitler 1889-1936: Hubris'', W.W. Norton & Company (1999) p. 412.

*The National Socialist state will guarantee that every one of our people finds work.”
** As quoted by Bernhard Köhler, head of the Nazi Party Commission for Economic Policy, in ''Nazi Economics: Ideology, Theory, and Policy'', [[w:Avraham Barkai | Avraham Barkai]], Yale University Press, 1990, p. 169. Source: Bernhard Köhler, ''Unser Wille and Weg 2'', 1932, p. 132

*For the German people the battle for work is the turning point from capitalism to socialism because its intention is to provide every member of the nation once again with a job…. When he [Adolf Hitler] said ‘We will liquidate unemployment by our own strength,’ capitalism received its death blow.”
** As quoted by Bernhard Köhler, ''Nazi Economics: Ideology, Theory, and Policy'', [[w:Avraham Barkai | Avraham Barkai]], Yale University Press, 1990, p. 169, A. Holtz, “Sozialistische Wirtschaft,” ''Der Aufbau'' 4, no. 17, 1936, pp. 6-7

== L ==
* {{w|Nazi ideology}} cannot be summarized in a program of platform. It can be better understood as a maelstrom of prejudices, passions, hatreds, emotions, resentments, biases, hopes, and attitudes that, when combined, most often resembled a religious crusade wearing the mask of a political ideology.
** [[Jonah Goldberg]], in ''{{w|Liberal Fascism}}'' (2008), p. 59

== M ==
* I would say, on the basis of having observe a thousand people in the experiment and having my own intuition shaped and informed by these experiments, that if a system of death camps were set up in the United States of the sort we had seen in Nazi Germany, one would find sufficient personnel for those camps in any medium-sized American town.
** [[Stanley Milgram]], Interview on ''Sixty Minutes'' (31 March 1979)

* The ‘totalitarian’ label is part of {{w|ideological warfare}} in another way as well – in so far as it covers both Communist and Fascist regimes, and is thereby intended to suggest that they are very similar systems. More specifically, the suggestion is that Communism and Nazism are more or less identical. This may be good propaganda but it is very poor political analysis. There were similarities between [[Stalinism and Nazism]] in the use of mass terror and {{w|mass murder}}. But there were also enormous differences between them. Stalinism was a ‘revolution from above’, which was intended to modernise Russia from top to bottom, on the basis of the {{w|state ownership}} of the [[means of production]] (most of those ‘means of production’ being themselves produced as part of the ‘revolution from above’); and Russia was indeed transformed, at immense cost. Nazism, on the other hand, was, for all its transformative rhetoric, a {{w|counter-revolutionary}} movement and regime, which consolidated capitalist ownership and the economic and {{w|social structure}}s which Hitler had inherited from [[W:Weimar Republic|Weimar]]. As has often been observed, twelve years of absolute Nazi rule did not fundamentally change, and never sought to change fundamentally, the [[social system]] which had existed when Hitler came to power. To assimilate Nazism and Stalinism, and equate them as similarly ‘totalitarian’ movements and regimes of the {{w|extreme right}} and the {{w|extreme left}} is to render impossible a proper understanding of their nature, content and purpose.
** {{w|Ralph Miliband}} and {{w|Marcel Liebman}}, "Reflections on Anti-Communism", ''The Socialist Register'' (1984)

* If you love our country you are national, and if you love our people you are a socialist."
** Sir [[Oswald Mosley]], founder of the British Union of Fascists, Michael Mann, ''Fascists'', New York: NY, Cambridge University Press (2006} p. 7.

* Historians have a word for Germans who joined the Nazi party, not because they hated Jews, but out of a hope for restored patriotism, or a sense of economic anxiety, or a hope to preserve their religious values, or dislike of their opponents, or raw political opportunism, or convenience, or ignorance, or greed.That word is "Nazi." Nobody cares about their motives anymore.They joined what they joined. They lent their support and their moral approval. And, in so doing, they bound themselves to everything that came after. Who cares any more what particular knot they used in the binding?
** A.R. Moxon, "[http://www.armoxon.com/2017/01/sky.html Sky]", ''A.R. Moxon'' ({{#formatdate:2017-01-16}}), quoted in {{citation|author=David Atkins|title=Stop Making Excuses for Trump Supporters|date=2019-07-20|periodical=Washington Monthly|issn=0043-0633|url=https://washingtonmonthly.com/2019/07/20/its-2019-time-to-stop-making-excuses-for-trump-supporters/}}

* Thirty centuries of [[history]] allow us to look with supreme pity on certain doctrines which are preached beyond the Alps by the descendants of those who were illiterate when Rome had [[Caesar]], [[Virgil]] and [[Augustus]].
**[[Benito Mussolini]]'s early opinion of Nazism, as quoted in ''Hitler's Ten-year War on the Jews'' (1946), by Institute of Jewish Affairs

== N ==
*Only members of the nation may be citizens of the state. Only those of [[w:Aryan race|pure White blood]]... may be members of the nation.
**[[w:National Socialist Movement (United States)|National Socialist Movement of the U.S.]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20140904023924/http://www.nsm88.org/25points/25pointsengl.html ''25 Points of American National Socialism''] (3 September 2014).

* The common good before the individual good. (''Gemeinnutz geht vor Eigennutz'')
** [[w: National Socialist Program| The Nazi 25-point Program]], Adolf Hitler proclaimed his party's program on February 24, 1920 in Munich, Germany. ''Nazi Ideology Before 1933: A Documentation'', Barbara Miller Lane, ‎Leila J. Rupp, introduction and translation, Manchester University Press (1978) p. 43.
** [[Konrad Heiden]] translated this line as “The good of the state before the good of the individual” in his ''A History of National Socialism'', (1935) p. 17.

* [[Antisemitism|No Jew]] [[Homophobia|or homosexual]] may be a member of the nation.
**[[w:National Socialist Movement (United States)|National Socialist Movement of the U.S.]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20140904023924/http://www.nsm88.org/25points/25pointsengl.html ''25 Points of American National Socialism''] (3 September 2014).

* '''When the Nazis came for the communists, I remained silent; I was not a communist. When they locked up the social democrats, I remained silent; I was not a social democrat. When they came for the trade unionists, I did not speak out; I was not a trade unionist. When they came for the Jews, I remained silent; I wasn't a Jew. When they came for me, there was no one left to speak out.'''
**[[Martin Niemöller]], "[[w:First they came...|First they came...]]", a speech (6 January 1946)

== O ==
[[File:Reichsparteitag 1935 mod.jpg|thumb|right|[[Fascism]], at any rate the German version, is a form of [[capitalism]] that borrows from [[Socialism]] just such features as will make it efficient for [[war]] purposes. ~ [[George Orwell]] ]]

* [[Fascism]], at any rate the German version, is a form of [[capitalism]] that borrows from [[Socialism]] just such features as will make it efficient for [[war]] [[purposes]]. Internally, Germany has a good deal in common with a Socialist state. Ownership has never been abolished, there are still capitalists and workers, and—this is the important point, and the real reason why rich men all over the world tend to sympathise with Fascism—generally speaking the same people are capitalists and the same people workers as before the Nazi revolution. '''But at the same time the State, which is simply the Nazi Party, is in control of everything.''' It controls investment, raw materials, rates of interest, working hours, wages. '''The factory owner still owns his factory, but he is for practical purposes reduced to the status of a [[manager]]. Everyone is in effect a State employee, though the salaries vary very greatly.''' The mere efficiency of such a system, the elimination of waste and obstruction, is obvious. In seven years it has built up the most powerful war machine the world has ever seen.
**[[George Orwell]], ''The Lion and the Unicorn'' (1941)

*'''National Socialism ''is'' a form of Socialism, ''is'' emphatically revolutionary, ''does'' crush the property owner as surely as it crushes the worker. The two regimes, having started from opposite ends, are rapidly evolving towards the same system—a form of oligarchical collectivism'''. . . . It is Germany that is moving towards Russia, rather than the other way about. It is therefore nonsense to talk about Germany ‘going Bolshevik’ if Hitler falls. Germany is going Bolshevik ''because'' of Hitler and not in spite of him.
**[[George Orwell]],''Orwell: My Country Left or Right 1940 to 1943, Vol. 2, Essays, Journalism & Letters'', Sonia Orwell and Ian Angus, edit., Boston, MA, Nonpareil Books (2000), p. 25, originally from “Review of ''The Totalitarian Enemy'' by F. Borkenau,” ''Time and Tide'' (4 May 1940)

* In the long run the [Nazi] movement was moving to a position in which the economic New Order would be controlled by the Party through a bureaucratic apparatus staffed by technical experts and dominated by political interests, not unlike the system that had already been built up in the Soviet Union.
** [[:Richard Overy | Richard Overy]], ''War and Economy in the Third Reich'', Oxford: UK, Oxford University Press, 1994, p. 118

*In fact, all over Germany the [Nazi] party seemed to pour propagandistic venom on the capitalists and decadent bourgeoisie.
** Dietrich Orlow, ''The Nazi Party 1919-1945: A Complete History'', Enigma Books (2010) p. 61, referring to the 1926-1927 time period

* During the Third Reich state ownership expanded into the productive sectors, based on the strategic industries, aviation, aluminium, synthetic oil and rubber, chemicals, iron and steel, and army equipment. Government finances for state-owned enterprises rose from RM 4,000m in 1933 to RM 16,000m 10 years later; the capital assets of state-owned industry doubled during the same period; the number of state-owned firms topped 500.
** [[Richard Overy]], ''War and Economy in the Third Reich'', Oxford: Clarendon, (1994) p.16

== P ==

* Some of the similarities and parallels include: Frequent recognition by Hitler and various Nazi leaders (and also Mussolini) that their only revolutionary and ideological counterparts were to be found in the Soviet Union . . . [and the] espousal of the have-not, proletarian-nation theory, which Lenin adopted only after it had been introduce in Italy . . . Hitlerian National Socialism more nearly paralleled {{w|Russian communism}} than has any other non-[[Communist system]].
** [[Stanley G. Payne]], ''A History of Fascism, 1914-1945'', University of Wisconsin Press (1995) pp. 210-211

* At the Twelfth Party Congress in Moscow in 1923, [[w:Nikolia Bukharin | Nikolia Bukharin]] stressed that the Nazi Party had ‘inherited Bolshevik political culture exactly as Italian Fascism had done.’ On June 20, 1923, [[w:Karl Radek | Karl Radek]] gave a speech before the Comintern Executive Committee proposing a common front with the Nazis in Germany.
** [[Stanley G. Payne]], ''A History of Fascism, 1914-1945'', University of Wisconsin Press, 1995, p. 126

* If demands coming under the first of these principles were interpreted objectively, something very much resembling Marxian communism would result. Here are some of them: abolition of all income not earned by work; workers to share the profits of the large industries; abolition of land rent, and enactment of a law under which land might be confiscated without compensation for purposes of common interests; socialization of all incorporated business organizations.
**Kate Pinsdorf on the [[w:National Socialist Program|NSDAP's programme]], in '[https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/nature-and-aims-of-the-national-socialist-german-labor-party/6FB58959AF43C406669A0FE08473317F Nature and Aims of the National Socialist German Labor Party]', ''The American Political Science Review'', Vol. 25, No. 2 (May 1931), pp. 377-388

== R ==
* [[Goebbels]] saw the ultimate enemy as international capitalism, and those who held power in Germany as its lackey, betraying their nation for personal gain. These were the traditional targets of the [[Communists]], of course, so the Nazis and the KPD, the Communist Party of Germany, were in direct competition for the same constituency, two rabid dogs fighting for one bone… And Goebbels, who has so recently been happy to describe himself as a ‘German Communist’ led the fight with all the intensity of a religious convert.
** [[w:Anthony Read |Anthony Read]], ''The Devil’s Disciples: Hitler’s Inner Circle'', New York: NY and London: UK,, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. (2004) pp. 141-142

* The basis of National Socialism’s [[w:Mass psychology|mass psychology]] differs from that of [[w:Wilhelm II|Wilhelmian]] [[imperialism]] in that the former had a pauperized middle class, whereas the German empire had a prosperous middle class as its mass basis. Thus, the Christianity of Wilhelmian imperialism had to be different from the Christianity of National Socialism. For all that, the ideological modifications did not undermine the fundamentals of the mystical world view in the least; rather they intensified its function. To begin with, National Socialism rejected the [[Old Testament]] as being ‘[[Jewish]]’ - that, at least, was the position of its well-known exponent, Rosenberg, who belonged to the right wing. In the same way the [[internationalism]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] was regarded as ‘Jewish’. The international church was to be replaced by the ‘[[German]]’.
** [[Wilhelm Reich]], ''The Mass Psychology of Fascism'', (1933), p. 117.

* We have already seen how the [[ideology]] of [[national]] [[honour]] derives from [[authoritarian]] ideology and the latter from the sex-negation regulation of [[sexuality]]. Neither [[Christianity]] nor National Socialism attacks the institution of compulsive [[marriage]]: for the former, apart from its function of procreation, marriage is a ‘complete, life-long union’; for the National Socialists it is a [[biologically]] rooted institution for the preservation of [[racial]] [[purity]]. Outside of compulsive marriage, there is no sexuality for either of them.
** [[Wilhelm Reich]], ''The Mass Psychology of Fascism'', (1933), p. 119.

* [[Italian]] and [[German]] National Socialism became international [[fascism]]. In the strict sense of the word it attracted masses on an international scale in the form of a perverse ‘nationalistic internationalism’. In this form it crushed genuine democratic revolts in [[Spain]] and in [[Austria]].
** [[Wilhelm Reich]], ''The Mass Psychology of Fascism'', (1933), p. 228.

* Profits are so completely subordinated in [Nazi] Germany and [Fascist] Italy to requirements of a militarily conceived national interest and of full employment that the maintenance of the profit principle is purely theoretical.
** [[w:Howard Richards (academic)| Howard Richards]] and Joanna Swanger, "The Dilemmas of Social Democracies: Overcoming Obstacles to a More Just World", Lexington Books, (2008) p. 192

* '''Nazi forces are not seeking mere modifications in colonial maps or in minor European boundaries. They openly seek the destruction of all elective systems of government on every continent-including our own; they seek to establish systems of government based on the regimentation of all human beings by a handful of individual rulers who have seized power by force. These men and their hypnotized followers call this a new order. It is not new. It is not order.'''
** [[Franklin Roosevelt]], Address to the Annual Dinner for White House Correspondents' Association, Washington, D.C. (15 March 1941). A similar (but misleading 'quote') is inscribed on the [[w:Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial|FDR memorial]], in Washington D. C., which says "They (who) seek to establish systems of government based on the regimentation of all human beings by a handful of individual rulers... Call this a New Order. It is not new and it is not order"

*A totalitarian government with a scientific bent might do things that to us would seem horrifying. The Nazis were more scientific than the present rulers of Russia, and were more inclined towards the sort of atrocities that I have in mind.
** [[Bertrand Russell]], in ''The Impact of Science on Society'' (1951)

== S ==
*I hated the brutality, the sadism, and the insanity of Nazism. I just couldn't stand by and see people destroyed. I did what I could, what I had to do, what my conscience told me I must do. That's all there is to it. Really, nothing more.
** [[Oskar Schindler]], Oskar Schindler speaking about his take on the final solution (refers to the German Nazis' plan to engage in systematic genocide against the European Jewish population during World War II)

* Yes, from the Right we shall take nationalism, which has so disastrously allied itself with capitalism, and from the Left we shall take Socialism, which has made such an unhappy union with internationalism. Thus we shall form the National-Socialism which will be the motive force of a new Germany and a new Europe.
** [[w:Gregor Strasser | Gregor Stresser]] as quoted in ''Hitler and I'', [[w:Otto Strasser | Otto Stresser]], Boston: MA, Houghton Mifflin Company (1940) p. 9

* In contrast to the asexual chasteness of official {{w|communist art}}, {{w|Nazi art}} is both prurient and idealizing. A utopian aesthetics (physical perfection; identity as a biological given) implies an ideal eroticism: sexuality converted into the magnetism of leaders and the joy of followers. The fascist ideal is to transform sexual energy into a "spiritual" force, for the benefit of the community.
** [[Susan Sontag]], in "Fascinating Fascism" (1974), published in ''The New York Review of Books'' (6 February 1975) and reprinted in Sontag's ''Under the Sign of Saturn'' (1980), p. 93

* Buried under mountains of red tape, directed by the State as to what they could produce, how much and at what price, burdened by increasing taxation and milked by steep and never ending 'special contributions' to the party, the businessmen, who had to welcome Hitler's regime so enthusiastically because they expected it to destroy organized labor and allow an entrepreneur to practice untrammeled free enterprise, became greatly disillusioned... [[w:Fritz Thyssen | Fritz Thyssen]], one of the earliest and biggest contributors to the party,... recognized that the 'Nazi regime has ruined German industry.'
** [[William L. Shirer]], ''The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany'', New York: NY, Simon & Schuster, 2011, p. 261.

* We are Socialists, enemies, mortal enemies of the present capitalist economic system with its exploitation of the economically weak, with its injustice in wages, with its immoral evaluation of individuals according to wealth and money instead of responsibility and achievement, and we are determined under all circumstances to abolish this system!
** [[Gregor Strasser]], “Thoughts about the Tasks of the Future,” June 15, 1926. One-page talking points memo sent to Nazi leaders.

* The Capitalist system with its exploitation of those who are economically weak, with its robbery of the workers labour power, with its unethical way of appraising human beings by the number of things and the amount of money he possesses, instead of by their internal value and their achievements, must be replaced by a new and just economic system, in a word by German Socialism.
** [[Gregor Strasser]], ''Tradition & Revolution: Collected Writings of Troy Southgate'', editors: Patrick Boch, Jacob Christiansen and John B. Morgan, UK, Arktos Media (2010) p. 66

* I was a young student of law and economics, a Left Wing student leader, and a leader of ex-soldier students.
** Quote from Nazi party leader [[w:Otto Strasser | Otto Stresser]] in ''Hitler and I'', Boston: MA, Houthton Miffin Company, (1940) p. 3.

== T ==
* From the point of view of fundamental human liberties there is little to choose between communism, socialism, and national socialism. They all are examples of the collectivist or totalitarian state … in its essentials not only is completed socialism the same as communism but it hardly differs from fascism.
** {{w|Ivor Bulmer-Thomas}}, in ''The Socialist Tragedy'' (1951), p. 241.

* Having first robbed the Jews, the Nazis are beginning to rob the Church, and later will almost certainly expropriate what is left of the bourgeoisie property.
** [[Dorothy Thompson]], “On the Record”, ''Harrisburg Telegraph'', Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, March 6, 1939, p. 7.

*The Nazi credo that the individual belongs to the state also applies to business. Some businesses have been confiscated outright, on other what amounts to a capital tax has been levied. Profits have been strictly controlled. Some idea of the increasing Governmental control and interference in business could be deduced from the fact that 80% of all building and 50% of all industrial orders in Germany originated last year with the Government. Hard-pressed for food-stuffs as well as funds, the Nazi regime has taken over large estates and in many instances collectivized agriculture, a procedure fundamentally similar to Russian Communism.
**[http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,760539-6,00.html “Man of 1938: From the unholy organist, a hymn of hate”], ''Time'' magazine, inside article entitled: “Adolf Hitler: Man of 1938” (Jan. 2, 1939)

* [B]oth the communists and fascists revolutions definitely abolished [[laissez-faire]] capitalism in favor of one or another kind and degree of state capitalism.
** [[Norman Thomas]], ''A Socialist’s Faith'', W. W. Norton, 1951, p. 55. Former presidential candidate for the Socialist Party of America.

* Soon [Nazi] Germany will not be any different from Bolshevik Russia; the heads of enterprises who do not fulfill the conditions which the ‘Plan’ prescribes will be accused of treason against the German people, and shot.
** {{w|Fritz Thyssen}}, as quoted in ''The Dictators: Hitler’s Germany, Stalin’s Russia'', [[w:Richard Overy | R. J. Overy]], New York/London, W.W. Norton & Company, 2004, p. 392.

* And now the beginning of the expropriation of church lands in Austria, have all revealed the true face of National Socialism, which more and more among pious Germans is called, under their breaths, ‘the brown Bolshevism.’
** [[Dorothy Thompson]], "Let the Record Speak", Boston: MA, Houghton Mifflin Company (1939) p. 295 (newspaper column: “Pius XII—the former Diplomat,” March, 6, 1939)

* In no way was Hitler the tool of big business. He was its lenient master. So was Mussolini except that he was weaker.
** [[Norman Thomas]], ''A Socialist’s Faith'', W. W. Norton, 1951, p. 53. Former presidential candidate for the Socialist Party of America.

* A new booklet for daycare workers that claims to help identify “Nazi parents” suggests looking out for girls with braided hair and athletic boys.

*The 60-page booklet, entitled Ene, Mene, Muh – And You’re Out! was designed by the far-left “anti-hate” Amadeu Antonio Foundation, which is headed by former Stasi informant Annette Kahane and based in Berlin with the foreword being written by Social Democrat (SPD) Family Minister Franziska Giffey, Berliner Kurier reports.
** Chris Tomlinson, Germany Launches ‘How to Identify Nazi Parents’ Guide For Schools, ''Breitbart''

== V ==
* Marxism has led to Fascism and National-Socialism, because, in all essentials, it is Fascism and National Socialism.
** {{w|Frederick Augustus Voigt}}, ''Unto Cæsar'', New York: NY, G.P. Putnam’s Sons (1938), p. 85

*Marxism would be a phenomenon of little more than historical interest, seeing that it has failed even in its principal stronghold, were it not so closely akin to National Socialism. National Socialism would have been inconceivable without Marxism.
**[[w:Frederick Augustus Voigt | Frederick Augustus Voigt]], ''Unto Caesar '', New York: NY, G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1938, p. 38

== W ==
[[File:The day after Kristallnacht.jpg |thumb|right|For the first [[time]], I am [[ashamed]] to be a [[German]]. ~ [[Wilhelm II of Germany‎‎]] ]]

* The gentlemen of the National Socialist party call the movement they have unleashed a national revolution, not a National Socialist one. So far, the relationship of their revolution to socialism has been limited to the attempt to destroy the social democratic movement, which for more than two generations has been the bearer of socialist ideas and will remain so. If the gentlemen of the National Socialist Party wanted to perform socialist acts, they would not need an Enabling Law. They would be assured of an overwhelming majority in this house. Every motion submitted by them in the interest of workers, farmers, white-collar employees, civil servants, or the middle class could expect to be approved, if not unanimously, then certainly with an enormous majority.
** {{w|Otto Wels}}, Speech opposing the Passage of the Nazi [[w:Enabling Act of 1933|Enabling Act]] (1933). [http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/pdf/eng/English_6.pdf]

* It is impossible to engage in intellectual discourse with National Socialist Philosophy, for if there were such an [[entity]], one would have to try by means of analysis and discussion either to prove its validity or to combat it. In actuality, however, we face a totally different situation. At its very inception this movement depended on the [[deception]] and [[betrayal]] of one's fellow man; even at that [[time]] it was inwardly [[corrupt]] and could support itself only by constant [[lies]].
** [[White Rose|The White Rose]], [http://zulutango.com/whiterose/leaftwoeng.html Second leaflet]

* Though we know that National Socialist power must be broken by military means, we are trying to achieve a renewal from within of the severely wounded German spirit. This rebirth must be preceded, however, by the clear recognition of all the guilt with which the German people have burdened themselves, and by an uncompromising battle against [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]] and his all too many minions…
** [[White Rose|The White Rose]], [http://zulutango.com/whiterose/leaffoureng.html Fourth Leaflet]

* For the first [[time]], I am [[ashamed]] to be a [[Germany|German]].
** [[Wilhelm II of Germany‎‎]], in regard to Nazi anti-Jewish campaigns, after [[w:Kristallnacht|Kristallnacht]], however this statement seems to [[w:Wilhelm II of Germany#Antisemitism|contradict his other statements regarding Jews]]. (November 1938); as quoted in ''Our German Cousins : Anglo-German Relations in the 19th and 20th Centuries'' (1974) by John Mander, p. 219

* '''The tragedy is not that nonviolence did not work against the Nazis, but that it was so seldom utilized ...The churches as a whole were too docile or anti-semitic, and too ignorant of the nonviolent message of the Gospel, to act effectively to resist the Nazis or act in solidarity with the [[Jews]].'''
** {{w|Walter Wink}}, ''Engaging the Powers: Discernment and Resistance in a World of Domination'' (1992), p. 254-256 

== Z ==
* Strictly speaking, the message of National Socialism was not radically different from that of other forms of egalitarianism and socialism: strong antibourgeois sentiments expressed through a radical empowerment of a selected group of people at the expense of other groups… What made National Socialism novel and different from earlier forms of socialism was an attempt to blend the ideas of social justice and [[w:Revolutionary Nationalism | revolutionary nationalism]].
**Andrei A. Znamenski, “From ‘National Socialists’ to ‘Nazi:’ History, Politics and the English Language,” ''The Independent Review'', Oakland: CA, vol. 19, no. 4, Spring 2015, p. 545. [http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_19_04_06_znamenski.pdf]

==See also==
*[[Fascism]]

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}
{{wiktionary|nazism}}
{{commonscat}}

[[Category:Nazism]]
[[Category:World War II]]
[[Category:Racism]]

Russian Revolution

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[[File:Meeting at the Blagovescenskaya Square.jpg|thumb|Meeting at the Blagovescenskaya Square, 1917]]

The '''{{w|Russian Revolution}}''' was a period of [[Political revolution|political]] and [[w:Social revolution|social]] [[revolution]] across the territory of the {{w|Russian Empire}}, commencing with the [[w:Abolition of monarchy|abolition]] of the [[w:Tsarist autocracy|monarchy]] in [[w:1917 in Russia|1917]], and concluding in [[w:1923 in the Soviet Union|1923]] after the {{w|Bolshevik}} [[w:Treaty on the Creation of the USSR|establishment]] of the [[Soviet Union]] and end of the [[w:Russian Civil War|Civil War]].

{{history-stub}}
== Quotes ==
* The Russian revolution was nominally based on Communist dogma; but its significant struggle was to find some instrument by which a vast backward country could be mauled into industrialization. The capitalist revolution in which the United States was the leader found apter, more efficient and more flexible means through collectivizing capital in corporations.
** [[Adolf A. Berle]], ''The 20th century capitalist revolution.'' 1954. p. 23

* Looking back one perceives only a massive operation, struggle, and action. In reality there were no heroes or leaders. It was the people, the working people, in soldiers' uniform or in civilian attire, who controlled the situation and who recorded its will indelibly in the history of the country and mankind. It was a sultry summer, a crucial summer of the revolutionary flood-tide in 1917!
** [[Alexandra Kollontai]], ''[https://www.marxists.org/archive/kollonta/1926/autobiography.htm The Autobiography of a Sexually Emancipated Communist Woman]'' (1926), Translated by {{w|Salvator Attanasio}}, ''Herder and Herder'', 1971.

* The issue was to wage a struggle against the war, against coalescence with the liberal bourgeoisie, and for the power of the workers' councils, the Soviets.
** [[Alexandra Kollontai]], ''[https://www.marxists.org/archive/kollonta/1926/autobiography.htm The Autobiography of a Sexually Emancipated Communist Woman]'' (1926), Translated by {{w|Salvator Attanasio}}, ''Herder and Herder'', 1971.

* Then came the great days of the {{w|October Revolution}}. {{w|Smolny}} became historic. The sleepless nights, the permanent sessions. And, finally, the stirring declarations. "The Soviets take power!" "The Soviets address an appeal to the peoples of the world to put an end to the war." "The land is socialized and belongs to the peasants!"
** [[Alexandra Kollontai]], ''[https://www.marxists.org/archive/kollonta/1926/autobiography.htm The Autobiography of a Sexually Emancipated Communist Woman]'' (1926), Translated by {{w|Salvator Attanasio}}, ''Herder and Herder'', 1971.

* When one recalls the first months of the Workers' Government, months which were so rich in magnificent illusions, plans, ardent initiatives to improve life, to organize the world anew, months of the real romanticism of the Revolution, one would in fact like to write about all else save about one's self.
** [[Alexandra Kollontai]], ''[https://www.marxists.org/archive/kollonta/1926/autobiography.htm The Autobiography of a Sexually Emancipated Communist Woman]'' (1926), Translated by {{w|Salvator Attanasio}}, ''Herder and Herder'', 1971.

* The Russian Revolution of 1917 was patently a continuation of the French Revolution of 1789 in its eastern advance. It smashed autocracy, gave land to the peasants, liberated oppressed nationalities, and in addition promised to rid the industrial system of the blemishes of exploitation. In its heroic age, Soviet socialism was given selfless support by the writers and artists of the West. They steeled their muscles in an epic defence of freedom, democracy, and socialism against the pagan upsurge of Teutonic fascism. Hitler’s persecution of Bolsheviks and Jews was in the last resort directed against Christian universalism and its derivatives in the industrial present. His onslaught on traditional values, root and branch, created the modern West.
** [[Karl Polanyi]], "For a New West" (1958)

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}
{{Wikisource portal|Russian Revolution}}
{{Commons|Russian Revolution of 1917}}

[[Category:Revolutions]]
[[Category:History of Russia]]

Women in war

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[[File:Houseraidiraqaug2007.jpg|thumb|We are missing stories of women who are literally keeping life going in the midst of [[war]]s. Do you know -- do you know that people fall in love in war and go to school and go to factories and hospitals and get divorced and go dancing and go playing and live life going? And the ones who are keeping that life are women. ~ [[Zainab Salbi]]]]

The experiences of '''{{w|women in war}}''' have been diverse. Historically women have played a major role on the {{w|home front}}.

{{Sociology-stub}}
==Quotes==

* We have been so consumed with seemingly objective discussions of politics, tactics, weapons, dollars and casualties. This is the language of sterility. [...] We are missing stories of women who are literally keeping life going in the midst of wars. Do you know -- do you know that people fall in love in [[war]] and go to school and go to factories and hospitals and get divorced and go dancing and go playing and live life going? And the ones who are keeping that life are women.
** [[Zainab Salbi]], ''[https://www.ted.com/talks/zainab_salbi?language=en Zainab Salbi: Women, wartime and the dream of peace]'', speech at [[w:TED (conference)#TEDGlobal|TEDGlobal]] 2010, ''[[w:TED (conference)|TED]]''.

* There are two sides of war. There is a side that fights, and there is a side that keeps the schools and the factories and the hospitals open. There is a side that is focused on winning battles, and there is a side that is focused on winning life. There is a side that leads the front-line discussion, and there is a side that leads the back-line discussion. There is a side that thinks that peace is the end of fighting, and there is a side that thinks that peace is the arrival of schools and jobs. There is a side that is led by men, and there is a side that is led by women. And in order for us to understand how do we build lasting peace, we must understand war and peace from both sides. We must have a full picture of what that means.
** [[Zainab Salbi]], ''[https://www.ted.com/talks/zainab_salbi?language=en Zainab Salbi: Women, wartime and the dream of peace]'', speech at [[w:TED (conference)#TEDGlobal|TEDGlobal]] 2010, ''[[w:TED (conference)|TED]]''.

* They are women who are standing on their feet in spite of their circumstances, not because of it. Think of how the world can be a much better place if, for a change, we have a better equality, we have equality, we have a representation and we understand war, both from the front-line and the back-line discussion.
** [[Zainab Salbi]], ''[https://www.ted.com/talks/zainab_salbi?language=en Zainab Salbi: Women, wartime and the dream of peace]'', speech at [[w:TED (conference)#TEDGlobal|TEDGlobal]] 2010, ''[[w:TED (conference)|TED]]''.

==External links==
{{Wikipedia}}

[[Category:War]]
[[Category:Women]]
[[Category:History]]

Developing country

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[[File:Allan Boesak (1986).jpg|thumb|The causes of poverty can be traced to deliberate decisions and deliberate economic and political policies designed to benefit the rich and powerful. ~ [[Allan Boesak]]]]
A '''{{w|developing country}}''' is a country with a less developed industrial base.
{{Economics-stub}}
== Quotes ==

* There was a time when people of the rich nations of the world regarded poverty as a "natural condition" for those living in the poor nations of the world. ... Today we have largely been stripped of this pseudo-innocence. We know that the poor are so poor because the rich are so rich, that the causes of poverty can be traced to deliberate decisions and deliberate economic and political policies designed to benefit the rich and powerful. We know that poverty and unemployment are not just accidents of history but deliberate, even indispensable, components of capitalism as an economic system.
** [[Allan Boesak]], ''Comfort and Protest'' (1987), p. 67

* As with all so-called [[humanitarian crises]], it is essential to remember that the social conditions found across most of the countries of the South are the direct product of how these states are inserted into the [[hierarchies]] of the {{w|world market}}. Historically, this included a long encounter with [[w:Western world|Western]] [[colonialism]], which has continued, [[Neocolonialism|into contemporary times]], with the subordination of poorer countries to the interests of the world’s [[Developed country|wealthiest states]] and largest [[transnational corporations]]. Since the mid-1980s, repeated bouts of {{w|structural adjustment}} — often accompanied by [[Imperialism|Western military action]], debilitating [[w:International sanctions|sanctions]] regimes, or support for [[authoritarian]] [[w:Puppet state|rulers]] — have systematically destroyed the social and economic capacities of poorer states, leaving them ill-equipped [[w:Crisis management|to deal]] with major [[crises]] such as [[COVID-19]].
** [[Adam Hanieh]], ''[https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such This is a Global Pandemic – Let’s Treat it as Such]'', 27 March 2020, ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* The imminent [[w:Public health|public]] {{w|health crisis}} facing poorer countries as a [[w:Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic|consequence of COVID-19]] will be further deepened by an associated [[Coronavirus recession|global economic downturn]] that is almost certain to exceed the [[Great Recession|scale of 2008]]. It is too early to predict the depth of this slump, but many leading {{w|financial institution}}s are expecting this to be the worst [[recession]] in living memory. [...] Closely connected to this are the [[w:Great Recession#Policy responses|measures]] put in place by [[governments]] and {{w|central bank}}s since 2008, most notably the policies of {{w|quantitative easing}} and repeated {{w|interest-rate}} cuts. These [[w:Economic policy|policies]] aimed at propping up {{w|share price}}s through massively increasing the [[w:Money supply|supply]] of [[w:Easy money policy|ultra-cheap money]] to [[financial markets]]. They meant a very significant growth in all forms of debt — [[w:Corporate bond|corporate]], [[Government debt|government]], and [[w:Household debt|household]]. [...] We are entering an alarming situation where many poorer countries will face increasingly burdensome debt repayments while simultaneously attempting to manage an unprecedented public health crisis – all in the context of a very deep global recession.
** [[Adam Hanieh]], ''[https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such This is a Global Pandemic – Let’s Treat it as Such]'', 27 March 2020, ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

==See also==
* [[Developed country]]

== External links ==
*{{wikipedia-inline}}

[[Category:Economics]]
[[Category:Countries]]

Marxism

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[[File:Mao1939.jpg|thumb|Marxism comprises many principles, but in the final analysis they can all be brought back to a single sentence: it is right to rebel. ~ [[Mao Zedong]]]]
'''[[w:Marxism|Marxism]]''' is a method of [[w:socioeconomic|socioeconomic]] analysis that views [[w:Social class|class]] relations and [[w:social conflict|social conflict]] using a [[w:Historical materialism|materialist interpretation of historical development]] and takes a [[w:dialectic|dialectic]]al view of social transformation. It originates from the works of 19th century German philosophers [[Karl Marx]] and [[Friedrich Engels]]. Marxism uses a methodology, now known as [[w:historical materialism|historical materialism]], to analyze and critique the development of [[capitalism]] and the role of [[class struggle]]s in systemic economic change.

== Quotes ==
* Marx and Engels themselves can never be taken simply at their word: the errors of their writings on the past should not be evaded or ignored, but identified and criticized. To do so is not to depart from [[historical materialism]], but to rejoin it. (...) To take 'liberties' with the signature of Marx is in this sense merely to enter into the freedom of Marxism.
** [[Perry Anderson]], ''Passages from Antiquity to Feudalism'' (Verso, 1996), p. 9.

* We are all Marxists now
** [[Ernest Belfort Bax]], ''The Zurich Resolutions'' (1893). [http://www.marxists.org/archive/bax/1893/05/zurich.htm Full text online] Later used by [[w:J. K. Galbraith|J. K. Galbraith]].

* One of the intellectual charms of Marxism is that it explains the injustice or philistinism of the people in such a way as to exculpate the people, who are said to be manipulated by corrupt elites.
** [[Allan Bloom]], ''[[The Closing of the American Mind]]'' (New York: 1988), p. 249.

* As I noted earlier, when we look back at the scientific and public climates of discussion 50 years ago, the prevailing mindset was socialist in its underlying presupposition that government offered the solution to social problems. But there was a confusing amalgam of Marxism and ideal political theory involved: Governments, as observed, were modeled and condemned by Marxists as furthering class interests, but governments which might be installed 'after the revolution', so to speak, would become both omniscient and benevolent. In some of their implicit modeling of political behavior aimed at furthering special group or class interests, the Marxists seemed to be closet associates of public choice, even as they rejected methodological individualism. But how was the basic Marxist critique of politics, as observed, to be transformed into the idealized politics of the benevolent and omniscient superstate? This question was simply left glaringly unanswered. And the debates of the 1930s were considered by confused economists of the time to have been won by the socialists rather than by their opponents, [[Ludwig von Mises]] and [[Friedrich Hayek]]. Both sides, to an extent, neglected the relevance of incentives in motivating human action, including political action.
** [[James M. Buchanan]], "[http://www.gmu.edu/centers/publicchoice/pdf%20links/Booklet.pdf Public Choice: The Origins and Development of a Research Program]", Center for Study of Public Choice at George Mason University (2003)

* Marxism is already a spiritual (not a religious) teaching aiming at the betterment of society. That is not to say it is a perfect blueprint for a truly spiritual society... It should not be forgotten that Marx was (and of course is) a disciple of the [[Masters of Wisdom|Master]] Jesus Who inspired him.
** [[Benjamin Creme]] in [http://www.share-international.org/archives/political/faq_political-issues.htm Political issues - FAQ, Share International]

* As for their [Marxists'] argument for revolution-the argument that we must do evil now so that good may come of it in the long run-it seems to me to have nothing in it. Not because I am too nice to do evil, but because I don't believe the Communists know what leads to what.
** [[E. M. Forster]], "The Long Run" (Review of ''Studies in a Dying Culture'' by [[w:Christopher Caudwell|Christopher Caudwell]]), ''The New Statesman and Nation'', December 10, 1938. Reprinted in ''The Prince's Tale and other uncollected writings'', London, Andre Deutsch, 1998.

* As the Marxist movement splintered and mutated into new forms, Left intellectuals and activists began to look for new ways to attack capitalism. Environmental issues, alongside women’s and minorities’ issues, came to be seen as a new weapon in the arsenal against capitalism.
** [[W:Stephen Hicks|Stephen Hicks]], ''Explaining Postmodernism'', p. 154

* You just tell the German bourgeoisie that I shall be finished with them far quicker than I shall with Marxism... When once the conservative forces in Germany realize that only I and my party can win the German proletariat over to the State and that no parliamentary games can be played with Marxist parties, then Germany will be saved for all time, then we can found a German Peoples State.
** [[Adolf Hitler]], interview with [[W:Richard Breiting|Richard Breiting]], 1931, published in Edouard Calic, ed., “First Interview with Hitler,4 May 1931,” Secret Conversations with Hitler: The Two Newly-Discovered 1931 Interviews, New York: John Day Co., 1971, pp. 36-37. Also published under the title Unmasked: Two Confidential Interviews with Hitler in 1931 published by Chatto & Windus in 1971

* Our adopted term 'Socialist' has nothing to do with Marxian Socialism. Marxism is anti-[[property]]; true socialism is not. Marxism places no value on the individual, or individual effort, of efficiency; true Socialism values the individual and encourages him in individual efficiency, at the same time holding that his interests as an individual must be in consonance with those of the community. All great inventions, discoveries, achievements were first the product of an individual brain.
** [[Adolf Hitler]], Speech given on December 28, 1938. Quoted in [https://books.google.ie/books?id=PxZoAAAAMAAJ&q=Our+adopted+term+%27Socialist%27+has+nothing+to+do+with+Marxian+Socialism.+Marxism+is+anti-property%3B+true+Socialism+is+not.&dq=Our+adopted+term+%27Socialist%27+has+nothing+to+do+with+Marxian+Socialism.+Marxism+is+anti-property%3B+true+Socialism+is+not.&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y The Speeches of Adolf Hitler: April 1922-August 1939 pg. 93].

* Marxian Socialism must always remain a [[portent]] to the historians of Opinion — how a doctrine so illogical and so dull can have exercised so powerful and enduring an influence over the minds of men, and, through them, the events of history.
** [[John Maynard Keynes]], ''The End of Laissez-faire'' (1926). [http://www.panarchy.org/keynes/laissezfaire.1926.html Full text online]

* I never had a Marxist phase. If I did it lasted a weekend, and it must have been a hell of a weekend because I don’t remember it.
**[[Charles Krauthammer]], [http://conversationswithbillkristol.org/video/charles-krauthammer/ interview with Bill Kristol] (2015)

* In the general collapse of values all around us it is not surprising that Marxism should also be subjected to [[w:Criticism of Marxism|critical attacks]]. A failure in the eyes of its enemies, even many of its friends admit that it is going through a severe [[w:Crisis of Marxism|crisis]]. Certain self-styled [[w:Orthodox Marxism|'orthodox' Marxists]], more in love with the letter than the spirit of the writings of [[Karl Marx|Marx]] and [[Friedrich Engels|Engels]], have provided the less scrupulous critics of Marxism with weighty arguments. However, this category of '[[w:Academic Marxism|academic Marxists]]' is becoming less and less numerous, and today we can observe their place being increasingly taken by people with far less knowledge and even greater pretensions: half-a-dozen quotations lifted from this or that popular pamphlet serve them instead of doctrine, and represent in their eyes the sum total of Marxist [[Social science|science]]. Most of the anti-Marxists of our day reveal the same intellectual poverty.
** [[Lucien Laurat]], ''Marxism and Democracy'', 1940, published by the ''{{w|Left Book Club}}'', Victor Gollancz Ltd, London; translated by Edward Fitzgerald. [https://www.marxists.org/archive/laurat/1940/marxism-democracy/index.htm Text online] at the ''{{w|Marxists Internet Archive}}''.

* The real [[crisis]] through which Marxism is passing is not due to this relaxation of intellectual [[discipline]] on the part of some of those who call themselves followers of Marx. Unfortunately, the [[habit]] of [[praising]] or [[blaming]] [[Ignorance|without knowledge]] of the subject is becoming increasingly common to men of all parties today. This is not due to the failure of this or that doctrine, but to the crisis through which our whole [[civilisation]] is passing. At the same time this regrettable tendency adds greatly to the confusion in which all the [[sociological]] disputes of our day are taking place.
** [[Lucien Laurat]], ''Marxism and Democracy'', 1940, published by the ''{{w|Left Book Club}}'', Victor Gollancz Ltd, London; translated by Edward Fitzgerald. [https://www.marxists.org/archive/laurat/1940/marxism-democracy/index.htm Text online] at the ''{{w|Marxists Internet Archive}}''.

* Let us define what we mean by Marxism. Is it the doctrine of Marx and Engels? Or is it the movements to which that doctrine has given birth, and which, rightly or wrongly, claim to be Marxist? To what extent are these movements actually inspired by Marxism, and to what extent have they caused it to develop, sometimes [[w:Reformism|reforming]], sometimes deforming it? Are these movements still really Marxist in the classic sense? Or do perhaps both friends and enemies of Marxism often harbour a distorted conception of Marx’s original theories? We must therefore ask ourselves whether the so-called crisis of Marxism is not in large measure a crisis of differing posthumous interpretations of Marxism. Karl Marx died in 1883 and Friedrich Engels in 1895. Although a number of their followers have developed their doctrines and provided important supplementary analyses of the modifications experienced by capitalism in the course of the twentieth century, the results of these labours have hardly affected the movement as a whole. In fact, as the movement grew in size, the assimilation even of the ideas of Marx and Engels themselves, which were naturally better known, became slower, more fragmentary and more superficial. In accordance with historical conditions which obviously differed considerably as between country and country, each movement took what best suited it from the original doctrine, and applied its choice (very rarely the [[w:Marx's method|Marxist method]] itself) to its own particular situation.
** [[Lucien Laurat]], ''Marxism and Democracy'', 1940, published by the ''{{w|Left Book Club}}'', Victor Gollancz Ltd, London; translated by Edward Fitzgerald. [https://www.marxists.org/archive/laurat/1940/marxism-democracy/index.htm Text online] at the ''{{w|Marxists Internet Archive}}''.

* '''Marxism is not a [[dogma]] at all; it is a [[Scientific method|method]] of investigation.''' Seeing that the conditions of our day differ considerably from those studied by Marx, what are the new problems which contemporary Marxism has to solve? They certainly cannot be solved by reeling off a few quotations learned by heart.
** [[Lucien Laurat]], ''Marxism and Democracy'', 1940, published by the ''{{w|Left Book Club}}, Victor Gollancz Ltd, London; translated by Edward Fitzgerald. [https://www.marxists.org/archive/laurat/1940/marxism-democracy/index.htm Text online] at the ''{{w|Marxists Internet Archive}}''.

* The Marxian theory of ideology predicts that the ruling ideas in any well functioning society will be ideas that promote the interests of the ruling class in that society, i.e., the class that is economically dominant. By the “ruling ideas” we should understand Marx to mean the central moral, political and economic ideas that dominate discussion in the mass media and in the corridors of power in that society. The theory is not peculiar to Marx, since the “classical realists” of antiquity like the Sophists and Thucydides advanced essentially the same theory: the powerful clothe their pursuit of self-interest in the garb of morality and justice. When Marx says that, “The ideas of the ruling class are in every epoch the ruling ideas” (''The German Ideology'') and that, “Law, morality, religion are to [the proletariat] so many bourgeois prejudices, behind which lurk in ambush just as many bourgeois interests” (''The Communist Manifesto''), he is simply translating in to Marxian terms the Sophistic view “that the more powerful will always take advantage of the weaker, and will give the name of law and justice to whatever they lay down in their own interests.” (W.K.C. Guthrie, ''The Sophists'' (1971), p. 60)
** [[Brian Leiter]], “The Hermeneutics of Suspicion: Recovering Marx, Nietzsche, and Freud”

* Complete [[equality]] of rights for all nations; the right of nations to self-determination; the unity of the workers of all nations — such is the national programme that Marxism, the experience of the whole world, and the experience of [[Russia]], teach the workers.
** [[Vladimir Lenin]], ''Collected Works'', Vol. 20, pp. 393–454. Also quoted in Robert P. Barnidge, Jr.''Self-Determination, Statehood, and the Law of Negotiation: The Case of Palestine'' Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016 (p.16).

* Marxism comprises many principles, but in the final analysis they can all be brought back to a single sentence: it is right to rebel.
** [[Mao Zedong|Chairman Mao]], Speech marking the 60th birthday of Stalin (20 December 1939)

* With the demise of Marxism, the illusion that we can finally dispense with the notion of antagonism has become widespread. This belief is fraught with danger, since it leaves us unprepared in the face of unrecognized manifestations of antagonism.
** {{w|Chantal Mouffe}}, ''The Return of the Political'' (Verso, 2005), p. 2.

* Obviously, [[Tony Judt|Tony]] never became a Marxist even when he soon after decided to champion social democracy as his last act. But these comments were a far cry from his former dismissal of Marxism as a delusional politics with theory playing only the role of indefensible apologetics for terror. All the same, Tony did not feel that his standard bearing for social democracy required much more than moralistic rhetoric in its defense. His grudging admission of Marxism’s relevance for social democracy in the past did not lead him to insist on some new theory justifying his politics now. (In fact, Tony feared that given continuing injustice the most likely outcome for the foreseeable future was Marxism’s revival in theoretical debates.) Tony doesn’t appear to have contemplated that his struggle to reinvent the model of the intellectual committed him, if only to ward off Marxism, to some other return to the tradition of social thought that had defined “theory” until postmodern intellectuals gave the word a different meaning and bad name.
** {{w|Samuel Moyn}}, "Intellectuals, Reason, and History: In Memory of Tony Judt", ''H-France Salon'' (2012)

* Marxism, as the formal framework of all contemporary philosophical thought, cannot be superseded.
** [[Jean Paul Sartre]], "Marxisme et philosophie de l'existence," cited in ''A Theology of Liberation'' (1973), p. 9

* It is not the truth of Marxism that explains the willingness of intellectuals to believe it, but the power that it confers on intellectuals, in their attempts to control the world. And since, as Swift says, it is futile to reason someone out of a thing that he was not reasoned into, we can conclude that Marxism owes its remarkable power to survive every criticism to the fact that it is not a truth-directed but a power-directed system of thought.
** [[Roger Scruton]], ''Political Philosophy: Arguments for Conservatism'' (Continuum International Publishing Group 2006).

*Marxism would be a phenomenon of little more than historical interest, seeing that it has failed even in its principal stronghold, were it not so closely akin to National [[Socialism]]. National Socialism would have been inconceivable without Marxism.
**[[w:Frederick Augustus Voigt | Frederick Augustus Voigt]], ''Unto Caesar '', New York: NY, G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1938, p. 38

* First of all I’d like to thank The Struggle and the IMT for giving me a chance to speak last year at their Summer Marxist School in Swat and also for introducing me to Marxism and Socialism. I just want to say that in terms of education, as well as other problems in Pakistan, it is high time that we did something to tackle them ourselves. It’s important to take the initiative. '''We cannot wait around for any one else to come and do it.''' Why are we waiting for someone else to come and fix things? Why aren’t we doing it ourselves? I would like to send my heartfelt greetings to the congress. '''I am convinced Socialism is the only answer''' and I urge all comrades to take this struggle to a victorious conclusion. Only this will free us from the chains of bigotry and exploitation.
** [[Malala Yousafzai]] quoted on [http://www.marxist.com/historic-32nd-congress-of-pakistani-imt-1.htm the website of the IMT]: Statement to the 32nd congress of Pakistani Marxists

==See also==
* [[Communism]]
* [[Critical theory]]
* [[Ideology]]
* [[Karl Marx]]

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}
{{wiktionary}}

[[Category:Philosophy]]
[[Category:Marxism]]

Government spending

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'''{{w|Government spending}}''' or '''expenditure''' includes all government consumption, investment, and transfer payments.

==Quotes==

* One of the most prevalent [[ideological]] mantras of [[w:Western world|Western]] [[capitalism]] is that the [[market]] should rule. But as the [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|latest health]] and [[2020 stock market crash|economic crises]] demonstrate, capitalists soon forget their worship of the market when times get tough. They scream [[Corporate welfare|for government money]], and plenty of it. It turns out that "the market" is fine when it comes to whipping [[Working class|workers]] to accept [[w:Wage slavery#Lower wages|lower wages]], but when it comes to lower [[profit]]s, the market can go hang. [...] Every student with the misfortune to have studied [[economics]] at school or university will know that "[[Free market|the market]]" is the god before which we must all kneel. Markets bring {{w|consumer}}s and [[w:Production (economics)|producers]] together to ensure an [[Economic equilibrium|equilibrium]] of {{w|supply and demand}}, the textbooks tell us. We may all be [[Invisible hand|individuals each pursuing our own private interests]], but this selfish endeavour miraculously results in an optimum outcome for all. You don’t even have to step inside a classroom to have received this lesson. It’s rammed home in normal times in every newspaper, in every news bulletin on the TV, in every politician’s speech. Just listen to them. Governments can’t expand spending on [[w:Social security in Australia#Newstart Allowance|Newstart]] because “the markets” won’t allow it. [...] The fact that governments across the {{w|OECD}} are now prepared to spend trillions of dollar to save the {{w|financial system}} from collapse only confirms that the [[world economy]] cannot be left safely in the hands of "the market". And, the situation clearly confirms that when the capitalist class and governments deem it necessary to save their system, lots of measures they once denounced as "unaffordable", not permitted by the condition of "the economy", are actually affordable and permitted. Governments can act when required. The ideological justifications of yesterday are revealed as threadbare. But nor are government interventions of this nature geared towards the interests of the working class, only the interests of the bosses.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* Notwithstanding reports that all economists are now Keynesians and that we all support a big increase in the burden of government, we the undersigned do not believe that more government spending is a way to improve economic performance. More government spending by Hoover and Roosevelt did not pull the United States economy out of the Great Depression in the 1930s. More government spending did not solve Japan’s “lost decade” in the 1990s. As such, it is a triumph of hope over experience to believe that more government spending will help the U.S. today. To improve the economy, policymakers should focus on reforms that remove impediments to work, saving, investment and production. Lower tax rates and a reduction in the burden of government are the best ways of using fiscal policy to boost growth.
** The Cato Institute, "[http://cato.org/special/stimulus09/cato_stimulus.pdf With all due respect Mr. President, that is not true.]" (2009)

* The budget should be balanced, the treasury should be refilled, public debt should be reduced, the arrogance of officialdom should be tempered and controlled, assistance to foreign lands should be curtailed lest Rome become bankrupt, the mobs should be forced to work and not depend on government for subsistence.
** Attributed to [[Marcus Tullius Cicero]]; reported in the ''Congressional Record'' (April 25, 1968), vol. 114, p. 10635; reprinted in U.S. News & World Report (July 29, 1968), p. 15, and in ''The Review of the News'' (June 30, 1971), p. 19. Reported as unverified and "almost certainly spurious" in ''Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations'' (1989). Also [http://politicalquotes.org/node/4063 ''Eigen's Political & Historical Quotations''] uses this as the classic example of a "Phantom Quote" and provides a complete analysis of why it is bogus.

* It is the duty of those serving the people in public place closely to limit public expenditures to the actual needs of the government economically administered, because this bounds the right of the government to extract tribute from the earnings of labor or the property of the citizen, and because public extravagance begets extravagance among the people. We should never be ashamed of the simplicity and prudential economies which are best suited to the operation of a republican form of government and most compatible with the mission of the American people. Those who are selected for a limited time to manage public affairs are still of the people, and may do much by their example to encourage, consistently with the dignity of their official functions, that plain way of life which among their fellow-citizens aids integrity and promotes thrift and prosperity.
** [[Grover Cleveland]], first inaugural address (March 4, 1885), in George F. Parker, ed., ''The Writings and Speeches of Grover Cleveland'' (1892), p. 35.

* The appropriation of public money always is perfectly lovely until some one is asked to pay the bill. If we are to have a billion dollars of navy, half a billion of farm relief, [etc.] … the people will have to furnish more revenue by paying more taxes. It is for them, through their Congress, to decide how far they wish to go.
** [[Calvin Coolidge]], syndicated column, ''New York Herald Tribune'' (August 5, 1930), p. 1.

* I favor the policy of economy, not because I wish to save money, but because I wish to save people. The men and women of this country who toil are the ones who bear the cost of the Government. Every dollar that we carelessly waste means that their life will be so much the more meager. Every dollar that we prudently save means that their life will be so much the more abundant. Economy is idealism in its most practical form.
** [[Calvin Coolidge]], inaugural address (March 4, 1925); republished by Coolidge in ''Foundations of the Republic'' (1926), p. 201.

* Nothing is easier than spending the public money. It does not appear to belong to anybody. The temptation is overwhelming to bestow it on somebody.
** Attributed to [[Calvin Coolidge]], in ''Readers Digest'' (June 1960), p. 178. Reported as unverified in ''Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations'' (1989).

* A billion here, a billion there, and pretty soon you're talking about real money.
** Attributed to [[Everett McKinley Dirksen]], by John Kriegsman, confidant of Dirksen's and one-time Republican official in Illinois. Kriegsman reportedly heard this and similar statements as off-the-cuff remarks during campaigns and meetings in Illinois. Reported in ''Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations'' (1989) as not appearing in any formal address or in Dirksen's papers.

* So that here we have, really, the compound, the overall philosophy of Lincoln: in all those things which deal with people, be liberal, be human. In all those things which deal with the people's money or their economy, or their form of government, be conservative—and don't be afraid to use the word. And so today, Republicans come forward with programs in which there are such words as "balanced budgets," and "cutting expenditures," and all the kind of thing that means this economy must be conservative, it must be solvent. But they also come forward and say we are concerned with every American's health, with a decent house for him, we are concerned that he will have a chance for health, and his children for education. We are going to see that he has power available to him. We are going to see that everything takes place that will enrich his life and let him as an individual, hard-working American citizen, have full opportunity to do for his children and his family what any decent American should want to do.
** [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]], remarks at Lincoln Day box supper, Washington, D.C. (February 5, 1954), in ''Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Dwight D. Eisenhower'' (1954), p. 242.

* The same prudence which in private life would forbid our paying our own money for unexplained projects, forbids it in the dispensation of the public moneys.
** [[Thomas Jefferson]], letter to Shelton Gilliam (June 19, 1808), in Andrew A. Lipscomb, ed., ''The Writings of Thomas Jefferson'' (1903), vol. 12, p. 73.

* We are endeavoring, too, to reduce the government to the practice of a rigorous economy, to avoid burdening the people, and arming the magistrate with a patronage of money, which might be used to corrupt and undermine the principles of our government.
** [[Thomas Jefferson]], letter to Mr. Pictet (February 5, 1803), in Andrew A. Lipscomb, ed., ''The Writings of Thomas Jefferson'' (1903), vol. 10, p. 356–57.

* Every government program is backed up finally by men with guns. If it weren’t, no one would ask the government to do what individuals have refused to do voluntarily.
** Quote in ''Liberty A to Z'' by [[Harry Browne]], The Advocates for Self-Government, (2004), p. 92.

* The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented [[w:Global health|global]] [[W:Health crisis|health]], [[w:Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic|social]] and [[w:Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic|economic]] crisis. Historical comparisons are few, particularly in recent decades. This tragedy constitutes nothing less than a trial for all [[humanity]]. [...] The pandemic, in other words, is now testing the capacity of our [[w:Political system|political]] and [[economic systems]] to cope with a global problem situated at the level of our [[individual]] [[interdependence]], which is to say at the very foundation of our social life. [...] We equally depend on the state [[Corporate welfare|to help businesses]] of all sizes endure this trial by providing them with the financial assistance and guaranteed [[loan]]s they require in order to avoid [[bankruptcy]] and retain as much of their {{w|workforce}} as possible. States no longer have any qualms about spending without limits in order to save the economy ⁠— "whatever it takes!" ⁠— while just weeks ago states opposed any request to increase [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Health workers|hospital staff]], [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Intensive care beds|hospital beds]], or emergency services, out of its obsessive concern for [[w:Budget constraint|budgetary constraint]] and limiting the [[public debt]]. States have since rediscovered the virtues of [[w:Economic interventionism|interventionism]], at least when it comes to funding {{w|private enterprise}} and shoring up the {{w|financial system}}. One of the most ambitious stimulus plans to date has been implemented by [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Germany|Germany]]. Their plan constitutes an abrupt break with the {{w|ordoliberal}} dogmas that have been the norm since the beginning of the {{w|Federal Republic of Germany}}.
** [[Christian Laval]], ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), co-written with Pierre Dardot, ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* No; no; not a sixpence.
** [[Charles Cotesworth Pinckney]], letter to Timothy Pickering (October 27, 1797), relating the American response to a French request for a tribute or bribe, in ''State Papers and Publick Documents of the United States'', 3d ed. (1819), vol. 3, p. 492. The French had seized several American ships. The wording of this quotation usually reads: "...not a penny".

* That most delicious of all privileges—spending other people's money.
** [[John Randolph]] of Roanoke; reported in William Cabell Bruce, ''John Randolph of Roanoke'', 1773–1833, vol. 2, chapter 7, p. 204 (1922, reprinted 1970).

* There is no doubt that many expensive national projects may add to our prestige or serve science. But none of them must take precedence over human needs. As long as Congress does not revise its priorities, our crisis is not just material, it is a crisis of the spirit.
** [[Nelson A. Rockefeller]], letter to Mayor John V. Lindsay (April 24, 1971), reported in ''The New York Times'' (April 25, 1971), p. 69. The letter concerned New York City's financial problems.

* Lord, the money we do spend on Government and it's not one bit better than the government we got for one-third the money twenty years ago.
** [[Will Rogers]], in Paula McSpadden Love, ''The Will Rogers Book'' (1972), p. 20. Paula McSpadden Love was a niece of Will Rogers's and curator of the Will Rogers Memorial in Claremore, Oklahoma.

* Any Government, like any family, can for a year spend a little more than it earns. But you and I know that a continuation of that habit means the poorhouse.
** [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], governor of New York, radio speech discussing the national Democratic platform, July 30, 1932.—The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1928–1932, p. 663 (1938).

* If the Nation is living within its income, its credit is good. If, in some crises, it lives beyond its income for a year or two, it can usually borrow temporarily at reasonable rates. But if, like a spendthrift, it throws discretion to the winds, and is willing to make no sacrifice at all in spending; if it extends its taxing to the limit of the people's power to pay and continues to pile up deficits, then it is on the road to bankruptcy.
** [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], governor of New York, campaign address on the federal budget, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, October 19, 1932.—The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1928–1932, p. 797 (1938).

* There are four categories of voting on the floor of the Senate. The first are those who have been described as ones who can hear the farthest drum before the cry of a single hungry child. Then there is the group who can hear every child, whether he is hungry or not, before they can hear a single drum. Then you have a third group, who say, "Nothing can happen to the almighty dollar, so we will vote for all the children and all the drums." The time has come when we must have some priorities with respect to the way we are allocating our steadily decreasing resources, else it should be clear to everybody—that the economy of the United States could well be destroyed.
** [[William Stuart Symington]], remarks in the Senate, November 23, 1971.—Congressional Record, vol. 117, p. 2896.
The theme of this was used earlier by Herbert Block, Herblock Gallery, p. 9 (1968): "This is particularly true of those bellicose Republican 'conservatives' and Dixiecrats who are more ready to lay down lives than prejudices and who can hear the most distant drum more clearly than the cry of a hungry child in the street."

* Countries, therefore, when lawmaking falls exclusively to the lot of the poor cannot hope for much economy in public expenditure; expenses will always be considerable, either because taxes cannot touch those who vote for them or because they are assessed in a way to prevent that.
** [[Alexis de Tocqueville]], ''Democracy in America'', ed. J. P. Mayer, trans. George Lawrence, vol. 1, part 2, chapter 5, p. 210 (1969). Originally published in 1835–1840.

* He smote the rock of the national resources, and abundant streams of revenue gushed forth. He touched the dead corpse of the Public Credit, and it sprung upon its feet. The fabled birth of Minerva, from the brain of Jove, was hardly more sudden or more perfect than the financial system of the United States, as it burst forth from the conceptions of Alexander Hamilton.
** [[Daniel Webster]], speech at a dinner in New York City (March 10, 1831), in ''The Writings and Speeches of Daniel Webster'' (1903), vol. 2, p. 50.

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}

[[Category:Law and government]]

COVID-19 pandemic in the United States

2020-10-19T15:47:59Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880529 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

The ongoing [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|pandemic]] of [[coronavirus disease 2019]] ({{nowrap|COVID-19}}), a new infectious disease caused by [[severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]] ({{nowrap|SARS-CoV-2}}), [[w:COVID-19 pandemic#Transmission|spread]] [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States|to the United States]] in January 2020. [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#Number of U.S. cases by date|Cases]] have occurred in all fifty U.S. states, the [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]], and all inhabited [[w:Territories of the United States|U.S. territories]] except [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Oceania#American Samoa|American Samoa]].

==[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#January|January]]==
===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#January 20–28|January 20]]===
* This will be our {{w|Pearl Harbor}}.
** {{w|Us surgeon general}} {{w|Jerome Adams}} [https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/05/politics/jerome-adams-coronavirus/index.html], January 20

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#January 20–28|January 21]]===
* '''{{w|Greg Kelly}}:''' Bottom line. We don't have to worry about this one, right?
:'''[[Anthony Fauci]]:''' Well, you know, obviously you need to take it seriously, and do the kinds of things that the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|CDC]] and the {{w|Department of Homeland Security}} are doing. But this is not a major threat for the people of the United States and this is not something that the citizens of the United States right now should be worried about.
:* [[Anthony Fauci]] in a television interview with {{w|Newsmax}}'s anchor {{w|Greg Kelly}} on January 21, 2020, quoted in ''[https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/04/06/trumps-fox-newss-downplaying-coronavirus-wasnt-par-with-other-media-no-matter-what-you-read/ Trump’s and Fox News’s downplaying of the coronavirus wasn’t on par with other media, no matter what you read]'' (April 6, 2020) by Aaron Blake, ''{{w|The Washington Post}}''

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#January 20–28|January 22]]===
*'''{{w|Joe Kernen}}''': It was a couple of years ago. Before we get started-- with- we're going talk about [[Economy of the United States|the economy]] and a lot of other things--the [[CDC]]-- has identified a case of [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in Washington (state)|coronavirus-- in Washington state]]. The {{w|Wuhan}} strain of this. If you remember {{w|SARS}}, that affected [[GDP]]. Travel-related effects. Do you-- have you been briefed by the [[w:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|CDC]]? And--
:'''[[Donald Trump]]''': I have, and--
:'''Joe Kernen''': --are there worries about a pandemic at this point?
:'''Donald Trump''': No. Not at all. And-- we're-- we have it [[w:Veracity of statements by Donald Trump#COVID-19 pandemic|totally under control]]. It's one person coming in from [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic in mainland China|China]], and we have it under control. It's—going to be just fine.
:'''Joe Kernen''': Okay. And [[w:President of the People's Republic of China|President]] [[Xi Jinping|Xi]]-- there's just some-- talk in China that maybe the transparency isn't everything that it's going to be. Do you trust that we're going to know everything we need to know from China?
:'''Donald Trump''': I do. I do. I have a great relationship with President Xi. [[w:China–United States trade war#2020|We just signed]] probably the biggest deal ever made. It certainly has the potential to be the biggest deal ever made. And-- it was a very interesting period of time time.
:'''Joe Kernen''': Yeah. Let’s get into that--
:'''Donald Trump''': But we got it done, and-- no, I do. I think-- the relationship is very, very good.
:* [[Donald Trump]] in an interview with {{w|CNBC}}'s {{w|Joe Kernen}} at the {{w|World Economic Forum}} in {{w|Davod, Switzerland}}, January 22, 2020. [https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/22/cnbc-transcript-president-donald-trump-sits-down-with-cnbcs-joe-kernen-at-the-world-economic-forum-in-davos-switzerland.html Transcript online] at ''{{w|CNBC}}''

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#January 20–28|January 24]]===
* [[w:Trump administration communication during the COVID-19 pandemic#China and the World Health Organization|China]] has been working very hard to contain the Coronavirus. The United States greatly appreciates their efforts and transparency.
** [[Donald Trump]], cited by {{citation |date=2020-01-24 |title=Trump Is Inciting a Coronavirus Culture War to Save Himself
|author=Adam Serwer |periodical=The Atlantic |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/03/trump-is-the-chinese-governments-most-useful-idiot/608638/}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#January 20–28|January 26]]===
* It’s a very, very low risk to the United States, but it’s something that we as public health officials need to take very seriously... It isn’t something the American public needs to worry about or be frightened about. Because we have ways of preparing and screening of people coming in [from China]. And we have ways of responding - like we did with this one case in Seattle, Washington, who had traveled to China and brought back the infection. [...] We’ve just got to make sure that we are totally prepared [since] infectious diseases will continue to emerge on the human species. And we’ve got to be essentially perpetually prepared.
** [[Anthony Fauci]], as quoted in ''[https://thehill.com/homenews/sunday-talk-shows/479939-government-health-agency-official-corona-virus-isnt-something-the Government health agency official: Coronavirus 'isn't something the American public need to worry about']'' by J. Edward Moreno, 26 January 2020, ''[[w:The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]''

==[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#February|February]]==

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#February 10|February 10]]===
* And by the way, the virus. They're working hard. Looks like by April, you know, in theory, when it gets a little warmer, it miraculously goes away. I hope that's true.
** [[Donald Trump]], Rally in Manchester, New Hampshire, {{#formatdate:2020-02-10}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-02-26 |title=Trump’s dangerous message on coronavirus |author=Doyle McManus |periodical=LA Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-02-26/trumps-dangerous-message-on-coronavirus}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#February 17|February 17]]===
*Why don't you act a little more positive.
** [[Donald Trump]], [https://www.newsweek.com/fox-news-anchor-confronts-surgeon-general-over-trump-declining-issue-national-lockdown-1496199 Trump answering a reporter's question regarding the availbility of ventilators] (17th second)

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#February 24|February 24]]===
*The Coronavirus is very much under control in the USA. We are in contact with everyone and all relevant countries. [[CDC]] & [[World Health Organization|World Health]] have been working hard and very smart. Stock Market starting to look very good to me!
**[[Donald Trump]], [https://mobile.twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1232058127740174339 Twitter, 24 Feb 2020]. Quoted in ''[https://www.factcheck.org/2020/03/trumps-statements-about-the-coronavirus/ Trump’s Statements About the Coronavirus]'' (March 18, 2020) by Rem Rieder, ''{{w|FactCheck.org}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#February 25|February 25]]===
* We will not see diseases like the coronavirus come here. And isn’t it refreshing when contrasting it with the awful presidency of [[Barack Obama|President Obama]]?
** [[Kayleigh McEnany]] at a press briefing on February 25, 2020, (the United States had 15 confirmed cases at the time); quoted in ''[https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/apr/08/kayleigh-mcenany-donald-trump-press-secretary-quotes 'We won't see coronavirus here' ... and other gems from Trump's new press secretar]'' by David Smith and Emily Holden (April 8, 2020), from ''[[The Guardian]]''.

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#February 26|February 26]]===
* And again, when you have 15 people, and the 15 within a couple of days is going to be down to close to zero, that's a pretty good job we've done.
** [[Donald Trump]], regarding known coronavirus cases. White House press conference, {{#formatdate:2020-02-26}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-11 |title=Coronavirus: US passes 1,000 cases – two weeks after Trump said number would soon be 'close to zero' |author=Chris Riotta |periodical=The Independent |location=UK |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/coronavirus-cases-us-map-trump-how-many-infected-a9393061.html}}

* We know all the people. We know all the good people. It's a question I asked the doctors before. Some of the people we cut, they haven't been used for many, many years, and if we ever need them, we can get them very quickly. And rather than spending the money — I'm a businessperson, I don't like having thousands of people around when you don't need 'em, when we need 'em, we can get them back very quickly.
** [[Donald Trump]], about his consistent [[w:Criticism of response to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic#Funding cut by Trump administration|budget cuts]] to the [[CDC]], the NIH, and the [[WHO]].
** White House press conference, {{#formatdate:2020-02-26}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-02-28 |title=As the World Reaches for Face Masks, Trump Buries His Head in the Sand |author=Jonathan Chait |periodical=New York Magazine |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/02/trump-coronavirus-response.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#February 27|February 27]]===
* It's going to disappear. One day it's like a miracle, it will disappear. And from our shores, we — you know, it could get worse before it gets better. It could maybe go away. We'll see what happens. Nobody really knows.
** [[Donald Trump]], regarding coronavirus. African American History Month reception, White House, {{#formatdate:2020-02-27}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-02-29 |title=Inside Trump’s frantic attempts to minimize the coronavirus crisis |author=
Yasmeen Abutaleb, Ashley Parker and Josh Dawsey |periodical=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/inside-trumps-frantic-attempts-to-minimize-the-coronavirus-crisis/2020/02/29/7ebc882a-5b25-11ea-9b35-def5a027d470_story.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#February 27|February 28]]===
* We are stronger, we are better, but while we are building a great future, the [[w:Far-left politics|radical left]] Democrats in Washington are trying to burn it all down. They have spent the last three years, and I can even go further than that, three years since the election, but we go before the election, working to erase your ballots and overthrow our democracy. But with your help, we have exposed the far left’s [[w:Corruption in the United States|corruption]] and defeated their sinister schemes and let’s see what happens in the coming months. Let’s watch. Let’s just watch. Very dishonest people. Now the Democrats are politicizing the coronavirus, you know that right? Coronavirus, they’re politicizing it. We did one of the great jobs. You say, “How’s President Trump doing?” They go, “Oh, not good, not good.” They have no clue. They don’t have any clue. They can’t even count their votes in Iowa. They can’t even count. No, they can’t. They can’t count their votes.
** [[Donald Trump]], at Charleston, South Carolina Rally (February 28, 2020), [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-charleston-south-carolina-rally-transcript-february-28-2020 transcript online] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''.

* One of my people came up to me and said, “Mr. President, they tried to beat you on Russia, Russia, Russia.” That didn’t work out too well. They couldn’t do it. They tried the [[w:Impeachment of Donald Trump|impeachment]] hoax. That was on a perfect conversation. They tried anything. They tried it over and over. They’d been doing it since you got in. It’s all turning. They lost. It’s all turning. Think of it. Think of it. And this is their new hoax. But we did something that’s been pretty amazing. We have 15 people in this massive country and because of the fact that we went early. We went early, we could have had a lot more than that. We’re doing great. Our country is doing so great. We are so unified. We are so unified. The Republican party has never ever been unified like it is now. There has never been a movement in the history of our country like we have now. Never been a movement. So a statistic that we want to talk about, go ahead. Say USA. It’s okay. USA. So a number that nobody heard of, that I heard of recently and I was shocked to hear it, 35,000 people on average die each year from the flu. Did anyone know that? 35,000, that’s a lot of people. It could go to 100,000, it could be 27,000. They say usually a minimum of 27, goes up to 100,000 people a year die. And so far we have lost nobody to coronavirus in the United States. Nobody. And it doesn’t mean we won’t and we are totally prepared. It doesn’t mean we won’t, but think of it. You hear 35 and 40,000 people and we’ve lost nobody and you wonder the press is in hysteria mode. CNN fake news and the camera just went off, the camera. The camera just went off. Turn it back on. Hey, by the way, hold it. Look at this, and honestly, all events are like this. It’s about us. It’s all about us. I wish they’d take the camera, show the arena please. They never do. They never do. They never do it. They never show the arena. You can hear it because when you hear it, that’s not 200 people. That’s not a hundred people. That’s thousands and thousands of people including people outside. You can hear it. [...] While the extreme left has been wasting America’s time with these vile hoaxes, we’ve been killing terrorists, creating jobs, raising wages, enacting fair trade deals, securing our border, and lifting up citizens of every race, religion, color, and creed. We added another 225,000 jobs last month alone. And that makes seven million jobs since our election, seven million. The unemployment rate in the great state of South Carolina. You ever hear of that place?
** [[Donald Trump]], at Charleston, South Carolina Rally (February 28, 2020), [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-charleston-south-carolina-rally-transcript-february-28-2020 transcript online] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''.

* My administration has taken the most aggressive action in modern history to prevent the spread of this illness in the United States. We are ready. We are ready. Totally ready. On January 31st, I ordered the suspension of foreign nationals who have recently been in China from entering the United States. An action which the Democrats loudly criticized and protested and now everybody’s complimenting me saying, “Thank you very much. You were 100% correct.” Could’ve been a whole different story. But I say, so let’s get this right. A virus starts in China, bleeds its way into various countries all around the world, doesn’t spread widely at all in the United States because of the early actions that myself and my administration took against a lot of other wishes, and the Democrats’ single talking point, and you see it, is that it’s Donald Trump’s fault, right? It’s Donald Trump’s fault. No, just things that happened.
** [[Donald Trump]], at Charleston, South Carolina Rally (February 28, 2020), [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-charleston-south-carolina-rally-transcript-february-28-2020 transcript online] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''.

* But you know what this does show you? Things happen. Whoever thought of this two weeks ago? Who would’ve thought this could be going on four weeks ago? You wouldn’t. But things happen in life and you have to be prepared and you have to be flexible and you have to be able to go out and get it. And my guys that we have the best professionals in the world, the best in the world and we are so ready. At the same time that I initiated the first federally mandated quarantine in over 50 years. We had a quarantine some people. They weren’t happy, they weren’t happy about it. I want to tell you there are a lot of people that not so happy, but after two weeks they got happy. You know who got happy? The people around them got happy. That’s who got happy.
** At Charleston, South Carolina Rally (February 28, 2020), [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-charleston-south-carolina-rally-transcript-february-28-2020 transcript online] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''.
**Note: [[Luciana Borio]], former director of Medical and Biodefense Preparedness Policy at the {{w|National Security Council}}, said at a symposium at {{w|Emory University}} in [[Atlanta]] in 2018, marking the 100th anniversary of {{w|1918 flu pandemic}}: "[[Disease X|The threat]] of {{w|pandemic flu}} is the number one health security concern, are we ready to respond? I fear the answer is no." As quoted in ''[https://www.factcheck.org/2020/03/contrary-to-trumps-claim-a-pandemic-was-widely-expected-at-some-point/ Contrary to Trump’s Claim, A Pandemic Was Widely Expected at Some Point]'' (March 20, 2020) by Rem Rieder, ''{{w|FactCheck.org}}''.

* I also created a [[White House Coronavirus Task Force|White House virus task force]]. It’s a big thing, a virus task force. I requested 2.5 billion dollars to ensure we have the resources we need. The Democrats said, “That’s terrible. He’s doing the wrong thing. He needs eight and a half billion, not two and a half.” I’ve never had that before. I ask for two and a half, they want to give me eight and a half, so I said, “I’ll take it.” Does that make me a bad… I’ll take it. I’ll take it. I never had that before. I never had it. We want two and a half million. That’s plenty. We demand you take eight and a half. He doesn’t know what he’s doing. We want eight and a half. These people are crazy. We must understand that border security is also health security. And you’ve all seen the wall has gone up like magic. It’s gone up like magic. You think that was an easy one? That was not an easy one. It’s going up great and we’re up now 132 miles and this is the exact wall that border security, water, everything.
** [[Donald Trump]], at Charleston, South Carolina Rally (February 28, 2020), [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-charleston-south-carolina-rally-transcript-february-28-2020 transcript online] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''.

==[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March|March]]==

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 3–4|March 3]]===
* I don't think that we are going to get out of this completely unscathed, I think that this is going to be one of those things we look back on and say boy, that was bad.
** [[Anthony Fauci]], as quoted in ''[https://www.politico.com/news/2020/03/03/anthony-fauci-trump-coronavirus-crisis-118961 'You don't want to go to war with a president']'', 3 March 2020, ''{{w|Politico}}''.

* It could be really, really bad. I don't think it's gonna be, because I think we'd be able to do the kind of mitigation. It could be mild. I don't think it's going to be that mild either. It's really going to depend on how we mobilize.
** [[Anthony Fauci]], as quoted in ''[https://www.politico.com/news/2020/03/03/anthony-fauci-trump-coronavirus-crisis-118961 'You don't want to go to war with a president']'', 3 March 2020, ''{{w|Politico}}''.

* It's really, really tough because you have to be honest with the American public and you don't want to scare the hell out of them. And then other times, in attempts to calm people down, [leaders] have had people be complacent about it. This is particularly problematic in a 'gotcha' town like [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in Washington (state)|Washington]].
** [[Anthony Fauci]], as quoted in ''[https://www.politico.com/news/2020/03/03/anthony-fauci-trump-coronavirus-crisis-118961 'You don't want to go to war with a president']'', 3 March 2020, ''{{w|Politico}}''.

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 3–4|March 4]]===
* Well, I think the 3.4% is really a false number. Now, and this is just my hunch, and — but based on a lot of conversations with a lot of people that do this. Because a lot people will have this and it's very mild. They'll get better very rapidly. They don't even see a doctor. They don't even call a doctor. You never hear about those people. So you can't put them down in the category of the overall population in terms of this corona flu and/or virus. So you just can't do that. So, if, you know, we have thousands or hundreds of thousands of people that get better just by, you know, sitting around and even going to work. Some of them go to work, but they get better.
** [[Donald Trump]]. ''Hannity'', Fox News, {{#formatdate:2020-03-04}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-05 |author=Inae Oh |title=Trump Unleashes More Coronavirus Misinformation on National Television |periodical=Mother Jones |url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2020/03/donald-trump-coronavirus-sean-hannity/}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 5|March 5]]===
* We have contained this. I won't say airtight but pretty close to airtight.
** [[Larry Kudlow]], White House economic adviser, {{#formatdate:2020-02-25}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-05 |title=‘Doomed from the Start.’ Experts Say the Trump Administration’s Coronavirus Response Was Never Going to Work |periodical=Time Magazine |author=Vera Bergengruen and W.J. Hennigan |url=https://time.com/5797636/trump-botched-coronavirus-response/}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 6|March 6]]===
* But as of right now and yesterday, anybody that needs a test — That's the important thing. And [[w:Trump administration communication during the COVID-19 pandemic#Testing|the tests]] are all perfect. Like, the letter was perfect. The transcription was perfect. Right? This was not as perfect as that but pretty good.
** [[Donald Trump]], comparing [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States#COVID-19 testing|coronavirus tests]] to his Ukraine phone call that led to his impeachment
** during tour of Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, {{#formatdate:2020-03-06}}, quoted in {{citation|date=2020-03-06|title=Trump Says Coronavirus Testing Is as ‘Perfect’ as His Ukraine Call|author=Chas Danner|periodical=New York|url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/03/trump-coronavirus-testing-as-perfect-as-ukraine-call.html}}

* They would like to have the people come off. I'd rather have the people stay, but I'd go with them. I told them to make the final decision. I would rather — because I like the numbers being where they are. I don't need to have the numbers double because of one ship that wasn't our fault.
** [[Donald Trump]], regarding Grand Princess cruise ship with 21 diagnosed cases of coronavirus
** during tour of [[Center for Disease Control and Prevention]] in Atlanta, {{#formatdate:2020-03-06}}, quoted in {{citation|date=2020-03-06|title=Trump Says ‘People Have to Remain Calm’ Amid Coronavirus Outbreak|author=Peter Baker|periodical=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/06/us/politics/trump-coronavirus-cdc.html}}

* You know, my uncle was a great person. He was at MIT. He taught at MIT for, I think, like a record number of years. He was a great super genius. Dr. John Trump. I like this stuff. I really get it. People are surprised that I understand it. Every one of these doctors said, "How do you know so much about this?" Maybe I have a natural ability. Maybe I should have done that instead of running for President.
** [[Donald Trump]], during tour of Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, {{#formatdate:2020-03-06}}, quoted in {{citation|date=2020-03-06|title=‘Maybe I have a natural ability’: Trump plays medical expert on coronavirus by second-guessing the professionals|author=David Nakamura|periodical=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/maybe-i-have-a-natural-ability-trump-plays-medical-expert-on-coronavirus-by-second-guessing-the-professionals/2020/03/06/3ee0574c-5ffb-11ea-9055-5fa12981bbbf_story.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 7|March 7]]===
*Amid the coronavirus outbreak and [[Coronavirus recession|financial crisis]], older voters are backing [[Joe Biden|Biden]]. He may be boring but at least he’s familiar and safe. Since 24 February, with the lethal coronavirus spreading around the world, middle-aged and older Americans – not only most vulnerable to the disease but also accounting for most retirement savings – have been fleeing stocks for the relative safety of US government bonds.
**[[Robert Reich]], [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/mar/07/biden-older-voters-safety-super-tuesday-coronavirus Older people who feel unsafe seek the familiar. That's why they're flocking to Biden], ''[[The Guardian]]'' (7 Mar 2020)

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 8|March 8]]===

* Even before we knew it was a coronavirus, I said it certainly sounds like a coronavirus-SARS type thing. As soon as it was identified, I called a meeting of top-level people and said, 'Let's start working on a [[COVID-19 vaccine|vaccine]] right now.'
** [[Anthony Fauci]], as quoted in ''[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/08/health/fauci-coronavirus.html Not his first epidemic, Dr. Anthony Fauci sticks to the facts]'' (March 8, 2020) by Denise Grady, ''[[The New York Times]]''.

*'''{{w|Jonathan LaPook}}''': There’s a lot of confusion among people, and [[w:Misinformation related to the COVID-19 pandemic|misinformation]], surrounding [[w:Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|face masks]]. Can you discuss that?
:'''[[Anthony Fauci]]''': The masks are important for someone who’s infected to prevent them from infecting someone else… Right now in the United States, people should not be walking around with masks.
:'''LaPook''': You’re sure of it? Because people are listening really closely to this.
:'''Fauci''': …There’s no reason to be walking around with a mask. When you’re in the middle of an outbreak, wearing a mask might make people feel a little bit better and it might even block a droplet, but it’s not providing the perfect protection that people think that it is. And, often, there are unintended consequences — people keep fiddling with the mask and they keep touching their face.
:'''LaPook''': And can you get some schmutz, sort of staying inside there?
:'''Fauci''': Of course, of course. But, when you think masks, you should think of [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers|health care providers]] needing them and people who are ill. The people who, when you look at the films of foreign countries and you see 85% of the people wearing masks — that’s fine, that’s fine. I’m not against it. If you want to do it, that’s fine.
:'''LaPook''': But it can lead to a [[w:Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic#Shortages of face masks|shortage of masks]]?
:'''Fauci''': Exactly, that’s the point. It could lead to a [[Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic|shortage]] of masks for the people who really need it.
:* [[Anthony Fauci]] in an interview with {{w|Jon LaPook}}, chief medical correspondent for {{w|CBS News}}, {{w|CBS}}' ''{{w|60 Minutes}}'', 8 March 2020. As quoted in ''[https://www.factcheck.org/2020/05/outdated-fauci-video-on-face-masks-shared-out-of-context/ Outdated Fauci Video on Face Masks Shared Out of Context]'' (May 19, 2020) by Saranac Hale Spencer, ''{{w|FactCheck.org}}

*The governors are really on the front lines. I think there's been pretty good cooperation at the federal, state and local level, but this thing is escalating so rapidly that information is changing, not only on a daily basis, but almost on an hourly basis.
**[[w:Larry Hogan|Gov. Larry Hogan]], quoted in [https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/meet-the-press/fauci-those-vulnerable-coronavirus-should-limit-travel-crowd-exposure-n1152501 Fauci: Those 'vulnerable' to coronavirus should limit travel and crowd exposure,] ''NBC News'', (8 March 2020)

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 9|March 9]]===
* The chorus of hate being leveled at the president is nearing a crescendo as Democrats blame him, and only him, for a virus that originated halfway around the world. This is yet another attempt to impeach the president, and sadly it seems they care very little for any of the destruction they are leaving in their wake. Losses in the stock market, all this, unfortunately. Just part of the political casualties for them. You know, this is the time to be united, not to be pointing fingers, not to be encouraging hate, and yet what do we see? We see the ''absolute opposite'' from the left tonight. [...] This is impeachment all over again. And like with the Mueller investigation, like with the Ukraine-gate, they don't care who they hurt, whether it be their need to create ''mass hysteria'' to encourage a massive sell-off in an overly anxious stock market or, to create mass hysteria in order to stop our [[w:Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|economy]] dead in its tracks.
** {{w|Trish Regan}}, ''Trish Regan PrimeTime'', Fox Business, {{#formatdate:2019-03-09}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-10 |author=Matt Steib |title=Fox Business Network: COVID-19 Is a ‘Coronavirus Impeachment Scam’ |periodical=Intelligencer |publisher=New York Magazine |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/03/fox-business-covid-19-is-a-coronavirus-impeachment-scam.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 10|March 10]]===
* I'm not going to belabor this, I'm just going to tell you that for just your daily life and your gums and your teeth for regular viruses and bacteria, the patented nanosilver we have, the Pentagon has come out and documented and Homeland Security has said this stuff kills the whole SARS-corona family at point blank range. Well of course it does, it kills every virus. But they found that. This is 13 years ago. And the Pentagon uses the product we have.
** [[Alex Jones]], ''The Alex Jones Show'' (Infowars), {{#formatdate:2020-03-10}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-11 |author=Timothy Johnson |title=Alex Jones is telling his viewers that the toothpaste he sells kills coronavirus |periodical=Media Matters for America |url=https://www.mediamatters.org/coronavirus-covid-19/alex-jones-telling-his-viewers-toothpaste-he-sells-kills-coronavirus |accessdate=2020-03-12}}

* I've been briefed on every contingency you can possibly imagine. Many contingencies. A lot of—a lot of positive. Different numbers. All different numbers. Very large numbers. And some small numbers too, by the way.
** Regarding coronavirus. Posed question: "Mr. President, have you been briefed that up to 100 million Americans would ultimately be exposed to the virus?"
** [https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-meeting-republican-senators-2/ Briefing at the White House] ({{#formatdate:2020-03-10}})

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 11|March 11]]===
* This coronavirus, they're just — all of this panic is just not warranted. This, I'm telling you, when I tell you — when I've told you that this virus is the {{w|common cold}}. When I said that, it was based on the number of cases. It's also based on the kind of virus this is.
** [[Rush Limbaugh]], ''The Rush Limbaugh Show'', {{#formatdate:2020-03-11}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 12|March 12]]===
*A pandemic has been declared, but not for the 24,600 who die every day from unnecessary [[w:starvation|starvation]], and not for 3,000 children who die every day from preventable [[w:malaria|malaria]], and not for the 10,000 people who die every day because they are denied [[w:publicly funded healthcare,|publicly-funded healthcare,]] and not for the hundreds of Venezuelans and Iranians who die every day because America's [[w:blockade|blockade]] denies them life-saving medicines, and not for the hundreds of mostly children bombed or starved to death every day in [[w:Yemeni Civil War (2015–present)|Yemen]], in a war supplied and kept going, profitably, by America and Britain. Before you panic, consider them.
**[[John Pilger]], quoted in [https://www.theweek.in/news/world/2020/03/12/here-is-what-legendary-journalist-john-pilger-said-about-coronavirus-outbreak.html Here is what legendary journalist John Pilger said about coronavirus outbreak] Pilger decries inattention to hunger, malaria and American wars and blockades, ''{{w|The Week}}'', (12 March 2020)

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 13|March 13]]===
* No, I don't take responsibility at all, because we were given a set of circumstances and we were given rules, regulations and specifications from a different time.
** [[Donald Trump]], asked if he took responsibility for the lag in [[coronavirus testing]]
** White House press conference, {{#formatdate:2020-03-13}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-13 |title='I don't take responsibility at all': Trump pushes back on complaints about coronavirus testing |author=Zachary Halaschak |periodical=Washington Examiner |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/i-dont-take-responsibility-at-all-trump-pushes-back-on-complaints-about-coronavirus-testing}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 14|March 14]]===
* [[w:Criticism of response to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|The governments]] that have been negligent from the beginning ([[w:Criticism of response to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic#United States government|the U.S.]], [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in Iran|Iran]], [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in Italy|Italy]], and so many others) are reacting with measures that are limited to [[w:Travel restrictions related to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|banning flights]] and strengthening {{w|quarantine}}s and isolation, without more profound responses that would reduce [[COVID-19 pandemic deaths|deaths]] as much as possible. They are afraid of demonstrating their ineptitude in the face of such a health crisis. At the last minute, Trump declared a "[[w:Public health emergency (United States)|national emergency]]" and agreed with the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] in [[United States Congress|Congress]] on a special package for {{w|sick leave}} and rapid testing. If he appears incompetent in the face of a crisis and thousands of people die, he could lose the [[w:2020 United States presidential election|U.S. presidency]], even to [[Joe Biden|Biden]]. The same applies to any other government.
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!]'' (March 14, 2020), ''Left Voice''.

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 15|March 15]]===
* If you're healthy, you and your family, it's a great time to just go out and go to a local restaurant, likely you can get in easily. Let's not hurt the working people in this country that are relying on wages and tips to keep their small business going... Go to your local pub.
** {{w|Devin Nunes}}, Fox News, {{#formatdate:2020-03-15}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-15 |title=Rep. Devin Nunes Contradicts Health Experts: “It’s a Great Time to Go Out” |author=Daniel Politi |periodical=Slate |url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2020/03/devin-nunes-coronavirus-great-time-go-out-pub-restaurants.html}}

* They're trying to scare everybody, from meetings, cancel the meetings, close the schools—you know, destroy the country. And that's okay, as long as we can win the election.
** [[Donald Trump]]. Fundraiser, Mar-a-Lago, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-15 |title=Trump says media 'scare' coverage of coronavirus response OK 'as long as we can win the election': Report |author=Daniel Chaitin |periodical=Washington Examiner |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/trump-says-media-scare-coverage-of-coronavirus-response-okay-as-long-as-we-can-win-the-election-report}}

* It's a very contagious virus. It's incredible. But it's something we have tremendous control of. I think very important the young people, people of good health and groups of people just are not strongly affected.
** [[Donald Trump]], in a White House briefing, as quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-15 |title=Fact check: Trump falsely claims US has 'tremendous control' of the coronavirus |author=Daniel Dale |periodical=CNN |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/03/15/politics/fact-check-trump-control-coronavirus/index.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 16|March 16]]===
* The chief fearmonger of the [[Trump Administration]] is without a doubt [[Anthony Fauci]], head of the {{w|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases}} at the {{w|National Institutes of Health}}. Fauci is all over the media, serving up outright falsehoods to stir up even more panic. He testified to Congress that the death rate for the coronavirus is ten times that of the {{w|seasonal flu}}, a claim without any scientific basis. On {{w|Face the Nation}}, Fauci did his best to further damage an already tanking economy by stating, “Right now, personally, myself, I wouldn’t go to a restaurant.” He has pushed for closing the entire country down for 14 days. Over what? A virus that has thus far killed just over 5,000 worldwide and less than 100 in the United States? By contrast, [[w:Epidemiology of tuberculosis|tuberculosis]], an old disease not much discussed these days, killed nearly 1.6 million people in 2017. Where’s the panic over this? If anything, what people like Fauci and the other fearmongers are demanding will likely make the disease worse. The martial law they dream about will leave people hunkered down inside their homes instead of going outdoors or to the beach where the sunshine and fresh air would help boost immunity. The panic produced by these fearmongers is likely helping spread the disease, as massive crowds rush into Walmart and Costco for that last roll of toilet paper. […] People should ask themselves whether this coronavirus “pandemic” could be a big hoax, with the actual danger of the disease massively exaggerated by those who seek to profit – financially or politically – from the ensuing panic. That is not to say the disease is harmless. Without question people will die from coronavirus. Those in vulnerable categories should take precautions to limit their risk of exposure. But we have seen this movie before. Government over-hypes a threat as an excuse to grab more of our freedoms. When the “threat” is over, however, they never give us our freedoms back.
** [[Ron Paul]], ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200316154041/http:/ronpaulinstitute.org/archives/featured-articles/2020/march/16/the-coronavirus-hoax/ The Coronavirus Hoax]'' (March 16, 2020), ''{{W|Ron Paul Institute for Peace and Prosperity}}''.

*Respirators, ventilators, all of the equipment—try getting it yourselves. We will be backing you, but try getting it yourselves. Point of sales, much better, much more direct if you can get it yourself.
** [[Donald Trump]], call with governors, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-16 |title=Trump tells governors to seek out respirators and other vital equipment on their own. |author=''The New York Times'' staff |periodical=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/16/world/coronavirus-news.html}}

* We have an invisible enemy. We have a problem a month ago nobody ever thought about. [...] This is a bad one, this is a very bad one. This is bad in the sense that it's so contagious. It's just so contagious. Sort of record-setting type contagion.
** [[Donald Trump]]. Coronavirus task force press briefing, {{#formatdate:2020-03-16}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-17 |title=The Last Great Pandemic |author=Jarrett Stepman |periodical=The Daily Signal |url=https://www.dailysignal.com/2020/03/17/the-last-great-pandemic/}}

* ''Q:'' Very simple question; does the buck stop with you? And on a scale of 1 to 10, how would you rate your response to this crisis?''Donald Trump:'' I'd rate it a 10. I think we've done a great job. And it started with the fact that we kept a very highly infected country, despite all of the—even the professionals saying no, it's too early to do that, we were very, very early with respect to China. And we would have a whole different situation in this country if we didn't do that. I would rate it a very, very—I would rate ourselves and—and the professionals—I think the professionals have done a fantastic job.
** [[Donald Trump]]. Coronavirus task force press briefing, {{#formatdate:2020-03-16}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-16 |title=Trump: I'd Rate My Response To Coronavirus a 10 |author=Ian Schwartz |periodical=RealClearPolitics |url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2020/03/16/trump_id_rate_my_response_to_coronavirus_a_10.html}}

* ''Q:'' Does the buck stop with you, Mr. President? Does the buck stop with you?''Donald Trump:'' Yeah, normally. But I think when you hear the—you know, this has never been done before in this country.
** [[Donald Trump]]. Coronavirus task force press briefing, {{#formatdate:2020-03-16}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-16 |title=Trump says buck 'normally' stops with him — but not for coronavirus |author=Oliver Willis |periodical=American Independent |url=https://americanindependent.com/donald-trump-coronavirus-response-buck-stops-here-white-house-covid-19/}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 17|March 17]]===
* The world is at [[war]] with a hidden [[enemy]]. WE WILL [[Win|WIN]]!
** [[Donald Trump]], on Twitter, 17 March 2020 [https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1239997820242923521]

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 18|March 18]]===
* I want all Americans to understand: we are at war with an invisible enemy, but that enemy is no match for the spirit and resolve of the American people... ...It cannot overcome the dedication of our doctors, nurses, and scientists — and it cannot beat the [[Love|LOVE]], [[w:American patriotism|PATRIOTISM]], and [[Determination|DETERMINATION]] of our citizens. Strong and United, WE WILL PREVAIL!
** [[Donald Trump]], on Twitter, 18 March 2020 [https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1240355985673392128], [https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1240355986541613062]

* '''Peter Alexander:''' How are non-symptomatic professional athletes getting tests while others are waiting in line and can't get them?'''Donald Trump:''' No, I wouldn’t say so, but perhaps that’s been the story of life. That does happen on occasion and I’ve noticed where some people have been tested fairly quickly.
** Coronavirus task force press briefing, {{#formatdate:2020-03-18}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-18 |title=Coronavirus: Trump says it may be 'the story of life' that well-connected get testing first |author=Janelle Griffith |periodical=NBC News |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/coronavirus-nyc-mayor-slams-nets-over-testing-trump-weighs-n1162971}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 19|March 19]]===
* With its broad sweep, the COVID-19 pandemic has forced us into an unprecedented [[w:State of emergency|national emergency]]. This emergency, however, results from a deeper and much longer term crisis — that of [[Poverty in the United States|poverty]] and [[w:Inequality in the United States|inequality]], and of a [[w:Society of the United States|society]] that ignores the needs of 140 million people who are poor or a $400 emergency away from being poor.
** [[William Barber II]] and [[Liz Theoharis]], letter to President [[Donald Trump]], Vice President [[Mike Pence]] and Members of the [[w:116th United States Congress|116th Congress]], ''[https://www.poorpeoplescampaign.org/poverty-amidst-pandemic/ Poverty Amidst Pandemic: A Moral Response to COVID-19]'' (March 19, 2020), [[Poor People's Campaign: A National Call for a Moral Revival]].

* We cannot return to normal. Addressing the depth of the [[crises]] that have been revealed in this pandemic means enacting {{w|universal health care}}, expanding [[Social programs in the United States|social welfare programs]], ensuring access to [[W:Drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States|water and sanitation]], [[w:Conditional cash transfer|cash assistance]] to poor and [[w:Income inequality in the United States|low income]] [[w:Family structure in the United States|families]], [[w:Decent work|good jobs]], {{w|living wage}}s and an annual income and protecting our [[democracy]]. It means ensuring that our abundant {{w|national resource}}s are used for the [[general welfare]], instead of war, [[w:Trump wall|walls]], and the [[w:American upper class|wealthy]].
** [[William Barber II]] and [[Liz Theoharis]], letter to President [[Donald Trump]], Vice President [[Mike Pence]] and Members of the [[w:116th United States Congress|116th Congress]], ''[https://www.poorpeoplescampaign.org/poverty-amidst-pandemic/ Poverty Amidst Pandemic: A Moral Response to COVID-19]'' (March 19, 2020), [[Poor People's Campaign: A National Call for a Moral Revival]].

* Before [[COVID-19]], nearly 700 people died everyday because of poverty and inequality in this country. The frontlines of this pandemic will be the poor and dispossessed - those who do not have access to [[Health care in the United States|healthcare]], [[w:Homelessness in the United States|housing]], water, decent [[w:Personal income in the United States|wages]], stable work or {{w|child care}} - and those who are continuing to work in this crisis, meeting our health care and other needs.
** [[William Barber II]] and [[Liz Theoharis]], letter to President [[Donald Trump]], Vice President [[Mike Pence]] and Members of the [[w:116th United States Congress|116th Congress]], ''[https://www.poorpeoplescampaign.org/poverty-amidst-pandemic/ Poverty Amidst Pandemic: A Moral Response to COVID-19]'' (March 19, 2020), [[Poor People's Campaign: A National Call for a Moral Revival]].

* It should not have taken a pandemic to raise these resources. In June 2019, we presented a Poor People’s Moral Budget to the House Budget Committee, showing that we can meet these needs for this entire country. If you had taken up this Moral Budget, we would have already moved towards infusing more than $1.2 trillion into the economy to invest in health care, good jobs, living wages, housing, water and sanitation services and more.
** [[William Barber II]] and [[Liz Theoharis]], letter to President [[Donald Trump]], Vice President [[Mike Pence]] and Members of the [[w:116th United States Congress|116th Congress]], ''[https://www.poorpeoplescampaign.org/poverty-amidst-pandemic/ Poverty Amidst Pandemic: A Moral Response to COVID-19]'' (March 19, 2020), [[Poor People's Campaign: A National Call for a Moral Revival]].

* This is not the time for trickle-down solutions. We know that when you lift from the bottom, everybody rises. There are concrete solutions to this immediate crisis and the longer term illnesses we have been battling for months, years and decades before. We will continue to organize and build power until you meet these demands. Many millions of us have been hurting for far too long. We will not be silent anymore.
** [[William Barber II]] and [[Liz Theoharis]], letter to President [[Donald Trump]], Vice President [[Mike Pence]] and Members of the [[w:116th United States Congress|116th Congress]], ''[https://www.poorpeoplescampaign.org/poverty-amidst-pandemic/ Poverty Amidst Pandemic: A Moral Response to COVID-19]'' (March 19, 2020), [[Poor People's Campaign: A National Call for a Moral Revival]].

*There’s one thing that I can tell you about this... It is much more aggressive in its transmission than anything that we have seen in recent history... It is probably more akin to the [[Influenza pandemic of 1918|1918 pandemic]].... There will be, I’m sure, times that communities... have a transmission rate where they say, let’s close schools for two weeks, everybody stay home.
** {{w|Richard Burr}}, as quoted in [https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/secret-recording-intelligence-chairman-warning-donors-about-coronavirus-weeks-ago-969767/ Secret Recording Exposes Intelligence Chairman Warning Donors About Coronavirus 3 Weeks Ago, By Peter Wade, ''Rolling Stone'' ], (19 March 2020)

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 20|March 20]]===
* Three years ago, experts were saying that bat coronaviruses could become a new pandemic. Almost two months ago, experts were saying that the new virus in {{w|Wuhan}} was potentially a global threat. One month ago, experts were saying that it was likely to be pandemic, and [[Presidency of Donald Trump|the White House]]'s response was that this was under control, despite the fact that the US's lack of testing was demonstrably giving a false picture of the extent of infection. This was foreseeable, and foreseen, weeks and months ago, and only now is the White House coming [[w:Criticism of response to the 2019–20 coronavirus#United States government|out of denial]] and heading straight into saying it could not have been foreseen.
** [[Marc Lipsitch]], as quoted in ''[https://www.factcheck.org/2020/03/contrary-to-trumps-claim-a-pandemic-was-widely-expected-at-some-point/ Contrary to Trump’s Claim, A Pandemic Was Widely Expected at Some Point]'' (March 20, 2020) by Rem Rieder, ''{{w|FactCheck.org}}''.

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 20|March 20]]===
* '''Peter Alexander:''' What do you say to Americans who are scared though? I guess, nearly 200 [[COVID-19 pandemic deaths|dead]], 14,000 who are sick, millions, as you witnessed, who are scared right now? What do you say to Americans who are watching you right now who are scared? '''[[Donald Trump]]:''' I say that you're a terrible reporter, that's what I say. I think that's a very nasty question.
** Coronavirus task force press briefing, {{#formatdate:2020-03-20}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-20 |title=Trump launches into tirade against media, insults NBC reporter at coronavirus briefing |author=Adam Edelman |periodical=NBC News |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-rips-reporter-who-asked-him-calm-scared-americans-terrible-n1165031}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 22|March 22]]===
* I can't jump in front of the microphone and push him down. OK, he said it. Let's try and get it corrected for the next time.
** [[Anthony Fauci]], on his response to [[w:Veracity of statements by Donald Trump#Coronavirus pandemic|misstatements]] by [[Donald Trump]] during COVID-19 press briefings, quoted in "[https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/i-m-going-keep-pushing-anthony-fauci-tries-make-white-house-listen-facts-pandemic ‘I’m going to keep pushing.’ Anthony Fauci tries to make the White House listen to facts of the pandemic]" by Jon Cohen, ''Science'' (March 22, 2020).

* WE CANNOT LET THE CURE BE WORSE THAN THE PROBLEM ITSELF. AT THE END OF THE 15 DAY PERIOD, WE WILL MAKE A DECISION AS TO WHICH WAY WE WANT TO GO!
** [[Donald Trump]], [https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1241935285916782593 on a Twitter post], 22 March 2020. Quoted in ''[https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/trump-fox-pandemic-nihilism/ Trump Toys With a Let-Them-Die Response to the Pandemic]'', 23 March 2020, ''{{w|The Nation}}''.

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 23|March 23]]===
* As the coronavirus epidemic stretches on, working people are facing [[2020 stock market crash|an economic collapse]], the likes of which have not been seen since the [[Great Depression]]. Organizing to fight for an immediate ban on all layoffs has to be an essential part of any program to protect the [[working class]] and to make the [[Bourgeoisie|capitalists]] pay for their crisis.
** [[James Dennis Hoff]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/freeze-layoffs-make-the-capitalists-pay Freeze Layoffs: Make the Capitalists Pay]'' (March 23, 2020), ''Left Voice''

* [[w:Working class in the United States|Working people]] are facing what could be the biggest [[w:Unemployment in the United States|unemployment]] crisis since the [[w:Great Recession#Rise in unemployment|Great Depression]]. As states and cities across the country continue to shut down schools, libraries, restaurants, bars, and other non-essential services in order to stop the spread of the coronavirus, hundreds of thousands of [[w:Labor force in the United States|workers]] have already lost their jobs, and millions more will soon follow. While restaurant, theatre, hotel and hospitality workers have been some of the first to see massive layoffs, huge losses in travel, retail, and oil drilling and extraction industries are also expected, as more and more people are quarantined. [...] Such job losses would mean dire [[Poverty in the United States|poverty]] for huge sections of the working class.
** [[James Dennis Hoff]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/freeze-layoffs-make-the-capitalists-pay Freeze Layoffs: Make the Capitalists Pay]'' (March 23, 2020), ''Left Voice''

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 24|March 24]]===
* We're [[w:Trump administration communication during the COVID-19 pandemic#Lifting restrictions|opening up]] this incredible country. Because we have to do that. I'd love to have it open by Easter. I would love to have it opened by Easter. It's such an important day for other reasons, but I will make it an important day for this, too. I would love to have the country opened up and just rarin' to go by Easter.
** [[Donald Trump]], Fox News town hall, {{#formatdate:2020-03-24}}

* Look, Easter's a very special day for me. And I see it's sort of in that timeline that I'm thinking about. And I say, "Wouldn't it be great to have all of the churches full?" – you know the churches aren't allowed, essentially, to have much of a congregation there. And most of 'em, I watched on Sunday, online. And it was terrific, by the way, but online is never going to be like being there. So I think Easter Sunday, and you'll have packed churches all over our country. I think it would be a beautiful time. And it's just about the timeline that I think is right.
** [[Donald Trump]], Fox News interview, {{#formatdate:2020-03-24}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-24 |title=Coronavirus: Trump says Easter with ‘packed churches’ would be ‘beautiful time’ to reopen US |author=John T Bennett |periodical=The Independent |location=UK |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-coronavirus-news-reopen-us-borders-easter-holiday-a9423041.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 25|March 25]]===
* [[w:Physicians in the United States|Physicians]]’ and [[w:Pharmacies in the United States|pharmacists]]’ first and foremost [[Medical ethics|ethical]] obligation in situations of [[epidemic]], [[disaster]] or [[terrorism]] is to provide urgent [[medical care]] and ensure availability and appropriate use of necessary medications. This requires close coordination with the entire health care team to help ensure patients receive the [[COVID-19 testing|testing]], treatments, follow-up care and medications they need. We applaud the innumerable selfless acts by health care [[w:Health professional|professionals]] across the nation who are putting themselves in harm’s way to provide care to America’s patients.
** [[American Medical Association]], ''[https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/joint-statement-ordering-prescribing-or-dispensing-covid-19 Joint statement on ordering, prescribing or dispensing COVID-19 medications]'', March 25, 2020.

* We are issuing this joint statement to highlight the important role that [[w:Physicians in the United States|physicians]], [[w:Pharmacies in the United States|pharmacists]] and health systems play in being just stewards of health care resources during times of emergency and national disaster. We are aware that some physicians and others are prophylactically prescribing medications currently identified as [[w:Coronavirus disease 2019#Medications|potential treatments]] for [[COVID-19]] (e.g., {{w|chloroquine}} or [[hydroxychloroquine]], {{w|azithromycin}}) for themselves, their families, or their colleagues; and that some pharmacies and [[w:Medical centers in the United States|hospitals]] have been purchasing excessive amounts of these medications in anticipation of potentially using them for [[w:Coronavirus disease 2019#Prevention|COVID-19 prevention]] and treatment. We strongly oppose these actions. At the same time, we caution hospitals, health systems, and individual practitioners that no medication has been FDA-approved for use in COVID-19 patients, and there is no incontrovertible evidence to support {{w|off-label use}} of medications for COVID-19. Stockpiling these medications—or depleting supplies with excessive, anticipatory orders—can have grave consequences for patients with conditions such as {{w|lupus}} or {{w|rheumatoid arthritis}} if the drugs are not available in the community. The health care community must collectively balance the needs of patients taking medications on a regular basis for an existing condition with new prescriptions that may be needed for patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Being just stewards of limited resources is essential.
** [[American Medical Association]], ''[https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/joint-statement-ordering-prescribing-or-dispensing-covid-19 Joint statement on ordering, prescribing or dispensing COVID-19 medications]'', March 25, 2020.

* We are further concerned by the confusion that may result from various state government agencies and boards issuing emergency rules limiting or restricting access to chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine or other emerging therapies or requiring new procedures for physicians and other healthcare professionals and patients. If these bodies promulgate new rules, we urge that they emphasize professional responsibility and leave room for professional judgment. We further urge that patients already on these medications should not be impacted by new laws, rules or other guidance. In a time of national pandemic, now is not the time for states to issue conflicting guidance, however well-intentioned, that could lead to unintended consequences.
** [[American Medical Association]], ''[https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/joint-statement-ordering-prescribing-or-dispensing-covid-19 Joint statement on ordering, prescribing or dispensing COVID-19 medications]'', March 25, 2020.

* We applaud the ongoing efforts to conduct [[w:COVID-19 drug development|to conduct clinical trials]] and [[w:Evidence-based medicine|generate evidence]] related to these and other medications during a time of pandemic. We are also encouraged that some pharmaceutical manufacturers are increasing production of high-demand medications as well as supplying them for use in clinical trials. The nation’s physicians and pharmacists continue to demonstrate remarkable leadership on a daily basis. We are confident in physicians’ and pharmacists’ judgment to make the right decisions for their patients, communities and the health care system overall.
** [[American Medical Association]], ''[https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/joint-statement-ordering-prescribing-or-dispensing-covid-19 Joint statement on ordering, prescribing or dispensing COVID-19 medications]'', March 25, 2020.

* Most [[leaders]] lack the discipline to do routine [[w:Risk management|risk-based]] horizon scanning, and fewer still develop the requisite contingency plans. Even rarer is the leader who has the foresight to correctly identify the top threat far enough in advance to develop and implement those plans. Suffice it to say, the [[Trump administration]] has [[w:Criticism of response to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic#United States government|cumulatively failed]], both in taking seriously the specific, repeated [[w:Intelligence assessment|intelligence community]] warnings about a coronavirus outbreak and in vigorously pursuing the nationwide response initiatives commensurate with the predicted threat. The [[w:U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic|federal government]] alone has the resources and authorities to lead the relevant public and private stakeholders to confront the foreseeable harms posed by the virus. Unfortunately, [[Donald Trump|Trump]] officials made a series of judgments (minimizing the hazards of [[Covid-19]]) and decisions (refusing to act with the urgency required) that have needlessly made Americans far less safe. In short, the Trump administration forced a catastrophic strategic surprise onto the American people. But unlike past strategic surprises – {{w|Pearl Harbor}}, the [[Iranian revolution of 1979]], or especially [[9/11]] – the current one was brought about by unprecedented indifference, even willful negligence. Whereas, for example, the {{w|9/11 Commission Report}} [[w:Responsibility for the September 11 attacks#United States advance knowledge|assigned blame]] for the [[al-Qaida]] attacks on the [[w:Operation Cyclone#Criticism|administrations of presidents Ronald Reagan]] through [[w:Presidency of George W. Bush|George W Bush]], the unfolding coronavirus crisis is overwhelmingly the sole responsibility of the current {{w|White House}}. [...] The White House detachment and nonchalance during the early stages of the coronavirus outbreak will be among the most costly decisions of any modern presidency. These officials were presented with a clear progression of warnings and crucial decision points far enough in advance that the country could have been far better prepared. But the way that they squandered the gifts of foresight and time should never be forgotten, nor should the reason they were squandered: Trump was initially wrong, so his inner circle promoted that wrongness rhetorically and with inadequate policies for far too long, and even today. Americans will now pay the price for decades.
** [[Micah Zenko]], ''[https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/03/25/coronavirus-worst-intelligence-failure-us-history-covid-19/ The coronavirus is the worst intelligence failure in US history]'', 25 March 2020, ''{{w|Foreign Policy}}''

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 26|March 26]]===
* I have a feeling that a lot of the numbers that are being said in some areas are just bigger than they’re going to be, I don't believe you need 40,000 or 30,000 ventilators. You go into major hospitals sometimes, and they’ll have two ventilators. And now all of a sudden they’re saying, 'Can we order 30,000 ventilators?'
** [[Donald Trump]], speaking with [[Sean Hannity]] on [[Fox News]] on 26 March 2020. As quoted in ''[https://www.politico.com/news/2020/03/26/trump-ventilators-coronavirus-151311 Trump: I don't believe you really need that many ventilators]'', 27 March 2020, ''{{w|Politico}}''.

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 27|March 27]]===
* Don't be a cutie pie, okay?
** [[Donald Trump]], responding to the question "But everybody who needs one will be able to get a ventilator?" from reporter Jonathan Karl. As quoted by {{citation |date=2020-03-27 |title=Trump to reporter pressing him about ventilators: 'Don't be a cutie pie' |author=Tal Axelrod |periodical=The Hill |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/489958-trump-to-reporter-pressing-him-about-ventilators-dont-be-a-cutie-pie}}

* ...young people are really, this is an incredible phenomenon, but they are attacked, successfully attacked to a much lesser extent by [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|this pandemic]], by this disease. This whatever they want to call it. You call it a germ, you can call it a flu, you can call it a virus. You know, you can call it many different names. I'm not sure anybody even knows what it is, but the children do very well.
** [[Donald Trump]], Coronavirus task force press briefing, {{#formatdate:2020-03-27}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-27 |title=Trump on Coronavirus: "I'm Not Sure Anybody Even Knows What It Is"; "You Can Call It A Germ, You Can Call It A Flu" |author=Ian Schwartz |periodical=RealClearPolitics |url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2020/03/27/trump_on_coronavirus_im_not_sure_anybody_even_knows_what_it_is_you_can_call_it_a_germ_you_can_call_it_a_flu.html}}

* Just finished a very good conversation with President Xi of China. Discussed in great detail the CoronaVirus that is ravaging large parts of our Planet. China has been through much & has developed a strong understanding of the Virus. We are working closely together. Much respect!
** [[Donald Trump]], quoted in {{citation |date=2020-03-27 |title=Trump claims Asian Americans are angry at 'what China has done' to U.S. |author=Kimmy Yam |periodical=Yahoo News / NBC News |url=https://news.yahoo.com/trump-claims-asian-americans-angry-190959445.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 29|March 29]]===
* Nobody could have imagined a thing like this — a tragedy like this would have happened: the invisible enemy.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted in ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-meeting-supply-chain-distributors-covid-19/ Remarks by President Trump in a Meeting with Supply Chain Distributors on COVID-19]'' (March 29, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''.

* The federal government has done something that nobody has done anything like this other than perhaps wartime. And that’s what we’re in: We’re in a war.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted in ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-meeting-supply-chain-distributors-covid-19/ Remarks by President Trump in a Meeting with Supply Chain Distributors on COVID-19]'' (March 29, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''.

* My administration has done a job on really working across government and with the private sector, and it’s been incredible. It’s a beautiful thing to watch, I have to say. Unfortunately, the end result of the group we’re fighting — which are hundreds of billions and trillions of germs, or whatever you want to call them — they are bad news. This virus is bad news and it moves quickly, and it spreads as easily as anything anyone has ever seen.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted in ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-meeting-supply-chain-distributors-covid-19/ Remarks by President Trump in a Meeting with Supply Chain Distributors on COVID-19]'' (March 29, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''.

* I just want to reiterate, because a lot of people have been asking, well, what would have happened if we did nothing? Did nothing, we just rode it out, and I’ve been asking that question to Tony and Deborah, and they’ve been talking to me about it for a long time, other people have been asking that question, and I think we got our most accurate study today, or certainly most comprehensive. Think of the number, potentially, 2.2 million people if we did nothing. If we didn’t do the distancing, if we didn’t do all of the things that we’re doing. When you hear those numbers, you start to realize that, with the kind of work we went through last week, with the $2.2 trillion, it no longer sounds like a lot, right? You’re talking about, when I heard the number today, first time I’ve heard that number, because I’ve been asking the same question that some people have been asking, I felt even better about what we did last week with the $2.2 trillion, because you’re talking about a potential of up to 2.2 million, and some people said it could even be higher than that. So you’re talking about 2.2 million deaths. 2.2 million people from this. If we can hold that down as we’re saying, to 100,000, it’s a horrible number. Maybe even less, but to 100,000, so we have between 100 and 200,000, we altogether have done a very good job. 2.2, up to 2.2 million deaths and maybe even beyond that? I’m feeling very good about what we did last week.
** [[Donald Trump]], Coronavirus Task Force Briefing, March 29, 2020, [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-coronavirus-task-force-briefing-transcript-march-29-trump-extends-task-force-guidelines-to-april-30 transcript online] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#March 30|March 30]]===
* The United States is the wealthiest nation in the history of the world, yet millions of [[w:Family structure in the United States|American families]] have had to set up crowdfunding sites to try to raise money for their loved ones’ [[w:Medical debt#United States|medical bills]]. Millions more can buy unleaded gasoline for their car, but they can’t get unleaded [[w:Drinking water quality in the United States|water]] in their homes. Almost half of [[Working class in the United States|America's workers]]—whether in [[Appalachia]] or [[Alabama]], [[California]] or [[Carolina]]—[[w:Working poor|work for less]] than a {{w|living wage}}. And as [[w:Educational inequality in the United States|school buildings in poor communities]] crumble for [[w:Educational inequality in the United States#School funding|lack of investment]], [[w:American upper class|America’s]] [[billionaires]] are [[w:Tax policy and economic inequality in the United States|paying a lower tax]] rate than the [[Poverty in the United States|poorest]] half of [[w:Home-ownership rate in the United States|households]]. This moral crisis is coming to a head as coronavirus pandemic lays bare America’s deep injustices. While [[COVID-19|the virus]] itself does not [[w:Discrimination in the United States|discriminate]], it is the poor and disenfranchised who will experience the most suffering and death. They’re the ones who are least likely to have health care or paid {{w|sick leave}}, and the most likely to lose [[w:Working time|work hours]]. And though [[Children and adolescents in the United States|children]] appear less vulnerable to the virus than adults, America’s nearly forty million [[Child poverty|poor and low-income children]] are at serious risk of losing [[Hunger in the United States|access to food]], [[w:Street children#United States|shelter]], [[w:Educational inequality in the United States|education]], and [[w:Housing insecurity in the United States|housing]] in the [[2020 stock market crash|economic fallout from the pandemic]]. The underlying disease, in other words, is poverty, which was killing nearly 700 of us every day in the world’s wealthiest country, long before anyone had heard of COVID-19. The moral crisis of poverty amid vast [[w:Wealth inequality in the United States|wealth]] is inseparable from the injustice of [[systemic racism]], [[w:Environmental degradation|ecological devastation]], and our militarized war [[Economy of the United States|economy]]. It is only a [[Plutocracy|minority rule]] sustained by [[w:Voter suppression in the United States|voter suppression]] and [[w:Gerrymandering in the United States|gerrymandering]] that subverts [[Free will|the will]] of the people. To redeem the soul of America—and survive a pandemic—we must have a moral fusion movement that cuts across [[Racism in the United States|race]], [[w:Discrimination in the United States#Gender discrimination|gender]], [[w:Social class in the United States|class]], and [[w:Culture of the United States|cultural]] divides.
** [[William Barber II]], ''[https://progressive.org/magazine/real-epidemic-poverty-barber/ The Real Epidemic is Poverty]'' (March 30, 2020), ''{{w|The Progressive}}''

*We are not at war. Sailors do not need to die. If we do not act now, we are failing to properly take care of our most trusted asset — our Sailors.
**Captain {{w|Brett E. Crozier}} wrote in a letter over which he was fired (March 30, 2020). Quoted in ''[https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Exclusive-Captain-of-aircraft-carrier-with-15167883.php Exclusive: Captain of aircraft carrier with growing coronavirus outbreak pleads for help from Navy]'' (March 31, 2020) by Matthias Gafni and Joe Garofoli, ''{{w|San Francisco Chronicle}}''

==[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April|April]]==

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 1|April 1]]===
* The scale of [[Coronavirus pandemic|the plague]] is surprising, indeed shocking, but not its appearance. Nor the fact that the U.S. has the worst record in [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#Government responses|responding]] to the [[w:Health crisis|crisis]]. Scientists have been warning of a pandemic for years, insistently so since the [[w:2002–2004 SARS outbreak|SARS epidemic]] of 2003, also caused by a {{w|coronavirus}}, for which [[w:Severe acute respiratory syndrome#Vaccine|vaccines]] were [[w:Economics of vaccines|developed]] but did not proceed beyond the pre-clinical level. That was the time to begin to put in place [[w:Rapid response system|rapid-response systems]] in [[w:Crisis management#Preparation and prevention|preparation]] for an outbreak and to set aside spare capacity that would be needed. Initiatives could also have been undertaken to develop defenses and modes of treatment for a likely recurrence with a related virus. But scientific understanding is not enough. There has to be someone to pick up the ball and run with it. That option was barred by the pathology of the contemporary {{w|socioeconomic}} [[Social order|order]]. [[Market]] signals were clear: There’s no [[profit]] in preventing a future [[catastrophe]].
** [[Noam Chomsky]] in an interview with C.J. Polychroniou, ''[https://truthout.org/articles/chomsky-ventilator-shortage-exposes-the-cruelty-of-neoliberal-capitalism/ Chomsky: Ventilator Shortage Exposes the Cruelty of Neoliberal Capitalism]'' (April 1, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* The government could have stepped in, but that’s barred by reigning doctrine: "Government is the problem," [[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] told us with his sunny smile, meaning that decision-making has to be handed over even more fully to the business world, which is devoted to private profit and is free from influence by those who might be concerned with the [[common good]]. The years that followed injected a dose of [[neoliberal]] brutality to the unconstrained [[capitalist]] order and the twisted form of markets it constructs. The depth of the pathology is revealed clearly by one of the most dramatic — and murderous — failures: the [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#Unsuccessful efforts to improve mask and ventilator supply|lack of ventilators]] that is one the major bottlenecks in confronting the pandemic.
** [[Noam Chomsky]] in an interview with C.J. Polychroniou, ''[https://truthout.org/articles/chomsky-ventilator-shortage-exposes-the-cruelty-of-neoliberal-capitalism/ Chomsky: Ventilator Shortage Exposes the Cruelty of Neoliberal Capitalism]'' (April 1, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* Trump was not silent, however. He issued a stream of confident [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#President Trump|pronouncements]] informing the public that it was just a cough; he has everything under control; he gets a 10 out of 10 for his handling of the crisis; it’s very serious but he knew it was a pandemic before anyone else; and the rest of the sorry performance. The technique is well-designed, much like the practice of reeling out lies so fast that the very concept of truth vanishes. Whatever happens, Trump is sure to be vindicated among his loyal followers. When you shoot arrows at random, some are likely to hit the target.
** [[Noam Chomsky]] in an interview with C.J. Polychroniou, ''[https://truthout.org/articles/chomsky-ventilator-shortage-exposes-the-cruelty-of-neoliberal-capitalism/ Chomsky: Ventilator Shortage Exposes the Cruelty of Neoliberal Capitalism]'' (April 1, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* One effect is the shockingly belated and limited [[COVID-19 testing|testing]], well below others, making it impossible to implement the successful test-and-trace strategies that have prevented the epidemic from breaking out of control in functioning societies. Even the best [[w:Medical centers in the United States|hospitals]] lack basic equipment. The U.S. is now the global epicenter of the crisis. This only skims the surface of [[Trumpian]] malevolence, but there’s no space for more here. It is tempting to cast the blame on Trump for the disastrous response to the crisis. But if we hope to avert future catastrophes, we must look beyond him. Trump came to office in a sick society, afflicted by 40 years of neoliberalism, with still deeper roots.
** [[Noam Chomsky]] in an interview with C.J. Polychroniou, ''[https://truthout.org/articles/chomsky-ventilator-shortage-exposes-the-cruelty-of-neoliberal-capitalism/ Chomsky: Ventilator Shortage Exposes the Cruelty of Neoliberal Capitalism]'' (April 1, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* I have all this data about [[w:Intensive care unit|ICU]] capacity. I’m doing my own projections, and I’ve gotten a lot smarter about this. New York doesn’t need all the [[w:Shortages related to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic#Mechanical ventilation|ventilators]].
** Attributed to [[Jared Kushner]] by ''{{w|Gabriel Sherman}}'' in ''[https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2020/04/inside-trumps-decision-to-back-off-of-his-easter-coronavirus-miracle “The Campaign Panicked”: Inside Trump’s Decision to Back Off of His Easter Coronavirus Miracle]'' (April 1, 2020), ''[[w:Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]''.

* Across the United States, we are seeing workers [[Strikes during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic|walk off the job]] in [[w:Wildcat strike action|wildcat strikes]] in response to the employers’ failure either to shut down the workplace or [[w:Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19|to make it safe]]. The [[Strike action|strikes]] are too few to call them a strike wave, but we should be aware that on their own initiative [[w:Working class in the United States|workers]] are taking what practically is the most powerful action they can: withdrawing their labour. The strikes are taking place in both the [[w:Private sector|private]] and {{w|public sector}}, in both [[w:Labor unions in the United States|unionised]] and non-union {{w|workplace}}s large and small.
** [[Dan La Botz]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7096 Wildcat strikes across the US as pandemic spreads]'', 1 April 2020, ''Red Flag''

* He was a leader within the emergency room field. ... Unless our government steps up & gets us the [[w:Shortages related to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic#Personal protective equipment|protective equipment]] we need, he will be the first of many of my colleagues.
** [[Megan Ranney]] about her colleague, Frank Gabrin, who died to the [[Coronavirus disease 2019|coronavirus disease]] in March 2020. He was the first emergency doctor to die from such symptoms. As quoted in {{Cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/news/490701-us-emergency-room-doctor-dies-after-coronavirus-symptoms|title=US emergency room doctor dies after coronavirus symptoms|last=Klar|first=Rebecca|date=2020-04-01|website=TheHill|language=en|access-date=2020-04-10}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 2|April 2]]===
* We didn't know until the last 24 hours.
** {{w|Brian Kemp}}, governor of {{w|Georgia}}, on that asymptomatic COVID-19 infected individuals can transmit the disease, [https://www.cnn.com/videos/politics/2020/04/02/governor-brian-kemp-georgia-coronavirus-sanjay-gupta-anderson-cooper-nr-vpx.cnn in a CNN interview recorded in April 2, 2020]

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 3|April 3]]===
* When [[Mike Pence|the Vice President]] first asked me to help on the task force with different tasks, I asked the President what he expected from the task force and how I can best serve him and the task force. What the [[President of the United States|President]] asked is that all of the recommendations that we make be based on data. He wanted us to be very rigorous, to make sure that we were [[w:Data analysis|studying the data]], [[w:Data collection|collecting data]]. A lot of things [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States|in this country]] were happening very quickly, and we wanted to make sure that we were trying to keep updating our [[w:Data model|models]] and making sure that we were making informed decisions and informed recommendations to him based on the data that we were able to collect and put together.
** [[Jared Kushner]], ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-17/ Remarks by President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force in Press Briefing]'' (April 3, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''

* The President wanted to make sure that we had the people doing the best jobs, and making sure that we had the right people focused on all the things that needed to happen to make sure that we can deliver in these unusual times for the American people. The President also instructed me to make sure that I break down every barrier needed to make sure that the teams can succeed. This is an effort where the government is doing things that the government doesn’t normally do, where we are stretching, we’re acting very quickly. And the President wants to make sure that the {{w|White House}} is fully behind the different people running the different lines of effort to make sure that we get everything done in a speed that the President demands. The President also wanted us to make sure we think outside the box, make sure we’re finding all the best thinkers in the country, making sure we’re getting all the best ideas, and that we’re doing everything possible to make sure that we can keep Americans safe, and make sure we bring a quick end to this in the best way possible, and balance all the different aspects that need to be thought of while we do this. This truly is a historic challenge. We have not seen something like this in a very, very long time. But I am very confident that, by bringing innovative solutions to these hard problems, we will make progress.
** [[Jared Kushner]], ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-17/ Remarks by President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force in Press Briefing]'' (April 3, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''

* The President has been very, very hands on in this. He’s really instructed us to leave no stone unturned. Just this morning — very early this morning — I got a call from the President. He told me he was hearing from friends of his [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in New York (state)|in New York]] that the New York public hospital system was running low on critical supply. He instructed me this morning. I called Dr. Katz, who runs the system, asked him which supply was the most supply he was nervous about. He told me it was the [[w:N95 mask#2020 coronavirus pandemic|N95 masks]]. I asked what his daily burn was. And I basically got that number, called up Admiral Polowczyk, made sure we had the inventory. We went to the President today, and earlier today, the President called [[Bill de Blasio|Mayor de Blasio]] to inform him that we were going to send a month of supply to the New York public hospital system, to make sure that the workers on the frontline can rest assured that they have the N95 masks that they need to get through the next month. We’ll be doing similar things with all the different public hospitals that are in the hotspot zones and making sure that we’re constantly in communications with the local communities.
** [[Jared Kushner]], ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-17/ Remarks by President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force in Press Briefing]'' (April 3, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''

* One thing I will say, just based on data, is that we’ve been getting a lot of data from different governors and from different mayors and from different cities. One thing I’ve seen [[w:Federal Emergency Management Agency|FEMA]] do very, very well, over the last week or so, is now we’re getting real-time data from a lot of cities. People who have requests for different products and supplies, a lot of them are doing it based on projections, which are not the realistic projections. The projections change every day as we see the cases, as we see the impacts of the “stop the spread” effort that this task force recommended and the President has been pushing forward. So I do think that we’ll see that. Hopefully, there’ll be impact of that. And the task force has been working very hard, through the FEMA group, with Admiral Polowczyk to make sure that we’re getting the supplies to people before they run out, and making sure that we’re doing it in a proper way.
** [[Jared Kushner]], ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-17/ Remarks by President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force in Press Briefing]'' (April 3, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''

* And what they’ve done over the last 13 days has been really extraordinary. We’ve done things that the government has never done before, quicker than they’ve ever done it before. And what we’re seeing now is we found a lot of supplies in the country. We’ve been distributing them where we anticipate there will be needs, and also trying to make sure that we’re hitting places where there are needs. So I can tell you the people on the — in the task force, they’re working day and night. You’ve got a lot of people in the government. We recognize the challenge that America faces right now. We know what a lot of the people on the frontlines are facing, the fear that they have that they won’t have the supplies they need. And our goal is to work as hard as we can to make sure that we don’t let them down.
** [[Jared Kushner]], ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-17/ Remarks by President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force in Press Briefing]'' (April 3, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 4|April 4]]===
* We’re working to ensure that the supplies are delivered where and when they’re needed, and in some cases, we’re telling governors we can’t go there because we don’t think you need it and we think someplace else needs it. And pretty much, so far, we’ve been right about that. And we’ll continue to do it. As it really gets — this will be probably the toughest week between this week and next week. And there’ll be a lot of death, unfortunately, but a lot less death than if this wasn’t done. But there will be death.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted in ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-19/ Remarks by President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force in Press Briefing]'' (April 4, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 5|April 5]]===
* [[President of the United States|President]] [[Donald Trump|Trump]] doubled down Sunday on his push for the use of [[w:Antimalarial medications|an anti-malarial drug]] against the [[coronavirus]], issuing {{w|medical advice}} that goes well beyond scant evidence of the [[w:Hydroxychloroquine#COVID-19|drug’s effectiveness]] as well as the advice of doctors and {{w|public health}} experts. Mr. Trump’s recommendation of hydroxychloroquine, for the second day in a row at a White House briefing, was a striking example of his brazen willingness [[w:Veracity of statements by Donald Trump#Coronavirus pandemic|to distort and outright defy]] expert opinion and {{w|scientific evidence}} when it does not suit his [[w:Political agenda|agenda]].
** [[Michael Crowley (journalist)|Michael Crowley]], Katie Thomas and [[Maggie Haberman]], ''[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/05/us/politics/trump-hydroxychloroquine-coronavirus.html Ignoring Expert Opinion, Trump Again Promotes Use of Hydroxychloroquine]'' (April 5, 2020), ''{{w|The New York Times}}''.

* Standing alongside two top public health officials who have declined to endorse his call for widely administering the drug, Mr. Trump suggested that he was speaking on gut instinct and acknowledged that he had no [[expertise]] on the subject. Saying that the drug is "being tested now," Mr. Trump said that “there are some very strong, powerful signs” of its potential, although health experts say that the data is extremely limited and that more study of the drug’s effectiveness against the coronavirus is needed. [...] Mr. Trump, who once predicted that the virus might “miraculously” disappear by April because of warm weather, and who has [[Denial|rejected]] {{w|scientific consensus}} on issues like [[w:Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration#Climate change|climate change]], was undaunted by [[skeptical]] questioning. “What do you have to lose?” Mr. Trump asked, for the second day in a row, saying that [[w:Terminal illness|terminally ill]] patients should be willing [[w:Terminal illness#Continued treatment|to try any treatment]] that has shown some promise.
** [[Michael Crowley (journalist)|Michael Crowley]], Katie Thomas and [[Maggie Haberman]], ''[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/05/us/politics/trump-hydroxychloroquine-coronavirus.html Ignoring Expert Opinion, Trump Again Promotes Use of Hydroxychloroquine]'' (April 5, 2020), ''{{w|The New York Times}}''.

* Even as Mr. Trump has promoted the drug, which is also often prescribed for patients with lupus, it has created rifts within his own coronavirus task force. And while many [[w:Medical centers in the United States|hospitals]] have chosen to use hydroxychloroquine in a desperate attempt to treat dying patients who have few other options, others have noted that it carries [[w:Hydroxychloroquine#Side effects|serious risks]]. In particular, the drug can cause a {{w|heart arrhythmia}} that can lead to {{w|cardiac arrest}}.
** [[Michael Crowley (journalist)|Michael Crowley]], Katie Thomas and [[Maggie Haberman]], ''[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/05/us/politics/trump-hydroxychloroquine-coronavirus.html Ignoring Expert Opinion, Trump Again Promotes Use of Hydroxychloroquine]'' (April 5, 2020), ''{{w|The New York Times}}''.

* Hydroxychloroquine has not been proved to work against Covid-19 in any significant clinical trials. A small trial by Chinese researchers made public last week found that it helped speed the recovery in moderately ill patients, but the study was not peer-reviewed and had significant limitations. Earlier reports from [[COVID-19 pandemic in France|France]] and [[COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China|China]] have drawn criticism because they did not include control groups to compare treated patients with untreated ones, and researchers have called the reports anecdotal. Without controls, they said, it is impossible to determine whether the drugs worked. But Mr. Trump on Sunday dismissed the notion that doctors should wait for further study.
** [[Michael Crowley (journalist)|Michael Crowley]], Katie Thomas and [[Maggie Haberman]], ''[https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/05/us/politics/trump-hydroxychloroquine-coronavirus.html Ignoring Expert Opinion, Trump Again Promotes Use of Hydroxychloroquine]'' (April 5, 2020), ''{{w|The New York Times}}''.

* So we’ve done 1,670,000 tests. Think of that 1,670,000 tests. And we have a great system. Now we’re working with the states in almost all instances, but we have a great system. And the other thing that we bought a tremendous amount of is the [[Hydroxychloroquine|hydroxy chloroquine]]. Hydroxy chloroquine, which I think is, you know, it’s a great [[malaria]] drug. It’s worked unbelievably. It’s a powerful drug on malaria and [[w:Hydroxychloroquine#COVID-19|there are signs]] that it works on this, some very strong signs and in the meantime it’s been around a long time. It also works very powerfully on lupus, so there are some very strong powerful signs and we’ll have to see because again, it’s tested.
** [[Donald Trump]]. Coronavirus Task Force Briefing, April 5. [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-coronavirus-task-force-briefing-transcript-april-5 Transcript] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''.

* Now this is a new thing that just happened to as the invisible enemy we call it. And if you can, if you have a no signs of heart problems, the {{w|azithromycin}}, which will kill certain things that you don’t want living within your body. It’s a powerful drug. If you don’t have a problem, a heart problem, we would say, let your doctor think about it, but as a combination, I think they’re going to be, I think there’s two things that should be looked at very strongly. Now, we have purchased and we have stockpiled 29 million pills of the hydroxy chloroquine, 29 million. A lot of drug stores have them by prescription and also, and they’re not expensive. Also, we’re sending them to various labs. Our military, we’re sending them to the hospitals, we’re sending them all over. I just think it’s something, you know the expression, I’ve used it for certain reasons.
** [[Donald Trump]]. Coronavirus Task Force Briefing, April 5. [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-coronavirus-task-force-briefing-transcript-april-5 Transcript] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''.

* What do you have to lose? What do you have to lose? And a lot of people are saying that when … and are taking it, if you’re a doctor, a nurse, a first responder, a medical person going into hospitals, they say taking it before the fact is good, but what do you have to lose? They say, take it, I’m not looking at it one way or the other, but we want to get out of this. If it does work, it would be a shame if we didn’t do it early. But we have some very good signs. So that’s hydroxy chloroquine and as azithromycin, and again, you have to go through your medical people get the approval. But I’ve seen things that I sort of like, so what do I know? I’m not a doctor, I’m not a doctor, but I have common sense.
** [[Donald Trump]]. Coronavirus Task Force Briefing, April 5. [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-coronavirus-task-force-briefing-transcript-april-5 Transcript] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''.

* The FDA feels good about it. They’ve, as you know, they’ve approved it. They gave it a rapid approved approval. And the reason because it’s been out there for a long time and they know the side effects and they also know the potential. So based on that, we have sent it throughout the country. We have it stockpiled about 29 million doses, 29 million doses. We have a lot of it. We hope it works. Driven by the goal of the brightest minds in science. We have the brightest minds in science, but we were driven by the goal of getting rid of this plague, getting rid of this scourge, getting rid of this virus. These brilliant minds are working on the most effective antiviral therapies and [[COVID-19 vaccine|vaccines]]. We are working very, very hard. I have met many of the doctors that are doing it. These are doctors that are working so hard on vanquishing the virus.
** [[Donald Trump]]. Coronavirus Task Force Briefing, April 5. [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-coronavirus-task-force-briefing-transcript-april-5 Transcript] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''.
** Note: Hydroxychloroquine use is not approved by the FDA [[w:Hydroxychloroquine#COVID-19|for COVID-19]] as of 7 April 2020.

* I want them to try it. It may work, and it may not work. But if it doesn’t work, it’s nothing lost by doing it. Nothing. Because we know long-term what I want. I want to save lives, and I don’t want it to be in a lab for the next year-and-a-half as people are dying all over the place. In [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in France|France]], they had a very good test. They’re continuing. But we don’t have time to go and say, gee, let’s take a couple of years and test it out, and let’s go and test with the test tubes and the laboratories. We don’t have time. I’d love to do that, but we have people dying today. As we speak, there are people dying. If it works, that’d be great. If it doesn’t work, we know for many years malaria, it’s incredible what it’s done for malaria. It’s incredible what it’s done for lupus, but it doesn’t kill people.
** [[Donald Trump]], on using the drug as treatment for [[coronavirus disease 2019]] (COVID-19). Coronavirus Task Force Briefing (April 5, 2020). [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-coronavirus-task-force-briefing-transcript-april-5 Transcript] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''.

* '''Speaker to [[Anthony Fauci]]''': And would you also weigh in on this issue of hydroxychloroquine? What do you think about this and what is the medical evidence?
:'''Donald Trump''': You know how many times he’s answered that question?
:'''Speaker''': I’d love to hear from the doctor.
:'''Donald Trump''': Maybe 15. 15 times. You don’t have to ask the question.
:'''Speaker''': He’s your medical expert, correct?
:'''Donald Trump''': He answered that question 15 times.
:* [[Donald Trump]], on using the drug as treatment for [[coronavirus disease 2019]] (COVID-19). Coronavirus Task Force Briefing (April 5, 2020). [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-coronavirus-task-force-briefing-transcript-april-5 Transcript] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 6|April 6]]===
* For many millions of Christians, Easter is a time to celebrate the resurrection of Jesus Christ. Others may celebrate the arrival of spring and the promise of new life. Whatever one’s beliefs, after several weeks of mandatory “stay at home” orders and the complete shutdown of the US economy over the coronavirus, this self-destructive hysteria must end and we must reclaim the freedom and liberty that has provided us so much opportunity as Americans. To do that we should first understand that much of the hysteria is being generated by a mainstream media that has long prioritized sensationalism over investigating and reporting the truth. Government bureaucrats are also exaggerating the threat of this virus and appear to be enjoying the power and control that fearful people are willingly handing over to them. One “coronavirus” bureaucrat even told us that we can no longer go to the grocery store! So we should just starve? It is certainly possible to believe that this virus can be dangerous while at the same time pointing out that radical steps are being taken in our society – stay-at-home orders, introduction of de facto martial law, etc. – with very little knowledge of just how deadly is this disease.
** [[Ron Paul]], ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200408023019/http://ronpaulinstitute.org/archives/featured-articles/2020/april/06/end-the-shutdown-it-s-time-for-resurrection/ End the Shutdown; It’s Time for Resurrection!]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|Ron Paul Institute for Peace and Prosperity}}''.

* What is most dangerous is that although this virus will eventually disappear, the assault on our civil liberties is not likely to be reversed. From this point on, whenever local officials, county officials, state governors, or federal bureaucrats decide there is sufficient reason to suspend the Constitution they will not hesitate to do so. Anyone who challenges the suspension of the Constitution “for our own good” will be labeled “unpatriotic” and perhaps even reported to the authorities. We have already seen hotlines springing up across the country for Americans to report other Americans who dare venture outside to enjoy the sun and build up their vitamin D protection against the coronavirus. The government is justified in cancelling the Constitution, we are told, because we are in an emergency situation caused by the Covid-19 virus. But do people forget that the Constitution itself was written and adopted while we were in an “emergency situation”? Did the framers of the Constitution fail to add an 11th Amendment to the Bill of Rights saying, “oh by the way, none of this counts if we get sick”? Of course not! Those who wrote our Constitution understood that these rights are not granted by the government, but rather by our Creator. Thus it was never a question as to when or under what conditions they could be suspended: the government had no authority to suspend them at all because it did not grant them in the first place.
** [[Ron Paul]], ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200408023019/http://ronpaulinstitute.org/archives/featured-articles/2020/april/06/end-the-shutdown-it-s-time-for-resurrection/ End the Shutdown; It’s Time for Resurrection!]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|Ron Paul Institute for Peace and Prosperity}}''.

* Our country is far less at risk from the coronavirus than it is from the thousands of small and large authoritarians who have suddenly flexed their muscles across the country. President Trump would do well to end this ridiculous shutdown so that Americans can get on with their lives and get back to work. Americans should remember the tyrants who locked them down next time they go to the ballot box. Let’s demand an end to the shutdown so we can resurrect our economy, our lives, and our liberties!
** [[Ron Paul]], ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200408023019/http://ronpaulinstitute.org/archives/featured-articles/2020/april/06/end-the-shutdown-it-s-time-for-resurrection/ End the Shutdown; It’s Time for Resurrection!]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|Ron Paul Institute for Peace and Prosperity}}''.

* '''Speaker to [[Anthony Fauci]]''': And would you also weigh in on this issue of [[hydroxychloroquine]]? What do you think about this and what is the medical evidence?
:'''[[Donald Trump]]''': You know how many times he’s answered that question?
:'''Speaker''': I’d love to hear from the doctor.
:'''Donald Trump''': Maybe 15. 15 times. You don’t have to ask the question.
:'''Speaker''': He’s your medical expert, correct?
:'''Donald Trump''': He answered that question 15 times.
:* On using the drug as treatment for [[coronavirus disease 2019]] (COVID-19). Coronavirus Task Force Briefing (April 5, 2020). [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-coronavirus-task-force-briefing-transcript-april-5 Transcript] at ''[[w:Rev (company)|Rev]]''

* In the light of the coronavirus pandemic, I focus [[w:Criticism of capitalism|criticism on capitalism]] and [[Overaccumulation|the vulnerabilities]] it has accumulated for several reasons. [[Viruses]] are part of [[nature]]. They have attacked human beings—sometimes dangerously—in both distant and recent history. In 1918, the Spanish Flu killed nearly 700,000 in the United States and millions elsewhere. Recent viruses include {{w|SARS}}, {{w|MERS}} and [[Ebola]]. What matters to {{w|public health}} is each [[society]]'s [[w:Emergency management|preparedness]]: stockpiled tests, masks, ventilators, hospital beds, trained personnel, etc., to manage dangerous viruses. In the U.S., such objects are produced by [[Private property|private]] capitalist enterprises whose [[w:Profit motive|goal]] is [[profit]]. It was not profitable to produce and stockpile such products, that was not and still is not being done. Nor did the [[w:Criticism of response to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic#United States government|U.S. government]] produce or stockpile those medical products. Top [[U.S. government]] personnel privilege private capitalism; it is their primary objective to protect and strengthen. The result is that neither private capitalism nor the U.S. government performed the most basic duty of any [[economic system]]: to protect and maintain public health and safety. U.S. capitalism's response to the coronavirus pandemic continues to be what it has been since December 2019: too little, too late. It failed. It is the problem.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], ''[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''.

* The second reason I focus on capitalism is that the responses to today's economic collapse by Trump, the [[Republican Party (United States)|GOP]] and most [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] carefully avoid any criticism of capitalism. They all debate the virus, China, foreigners, other politicians, but never the system they all serve. When [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States#President Trump|Trump]] and others press people to return to churches and jobs—despite risking their and others' lives—they place reviving a collapsed capitalism ahead of public health.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], ''[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''.

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 10|April 10]]===
* This is a very brilliant enemy. You know, it's a brilliant enemy. They develop drugs like the antibiotics, you see it. Antibiotics used to solve every problem. Now one of the biggest problems the world has is the germ has gotten so brilliant, that the antibiotic can't keep up with it. And they're constantly trying to come up with a new— People go to a hospital and they catch– They go for a heart operation, that's no problem, but they end up dying from, from... problems. You know the problems I'm talking about.
** [[Donald Trump]]. Coronavirus task force press briefing, {{#formatdate:2020-04-10}}, quoted in {{citation |date=2020-04-10 |title=Watch: Trump Appears To Believe That Coronavirus Is A Bacteria, Not A Virus |author=Jake Thomas |periodical=The Intellectualist |url=https://mavenroundtable.io/theintellectualist/news/watch-trump-appears-to-believe-that-coronavirus-is-a-bacteria-not-a-virus-qNAKtyts0UCLxCPxQv0EQg}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 14|April 14]]===
* The delays the [[w:World Health Organization's response to the COVID-19 pandemic|WHO]] experienced in declaring a public health emergency cost valuable time tremendous amounts of time; more time was lost in the delay it took to get a team of international experts and to examine the outbreak which we wanted to do which they should have done. The inability of the [[WHO]] to obtain virus samples to this date has deprived the scientific community of essential data. New data that emerges across the world on a daily basis points to the unreliability of the initial reports and the world received all sorts of false information about transmission and mortality. The silence of the WHO on the disappearance of scientific researchers and doctors and new restrictions on the sharing of research into the origins of COVID-19 in the country of origin is deeply concerning especially when we put up by far the largest amount of money, not even close. Had the WHO done its job to get medical experts into China to objectively assess the situation on the ground and to call out China's lack of transparency, the outbreak could have been contained as a source with very little death, very little death, and certainly very little death by comparison. This would have saved thousands of lives and avoided worldwide economic damage. Instead the WHO willingly took China's assurances to face value, and they took it just at face value and defended the actions of the Chinese government, even praising China for its so-called transparency. I don't think so. The WHO pushed China's misinformation about the virus, saying it was not communicable, and there was no need for travel bans. They told us when we put on [[w:U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic#Emphasis on travel restrictions related to China|our travel ban]] a very strong travel ban, there was no need to do it. Don't do it; they actually fought us. The WHO's reliance on China's disclosures likely caused a 20-fold increase in cases worldwide, and it may be much more than that.
** [[Donald Trump]], White House coronavirus task force briefing (April 14, 2020), [https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2020/04/14/trump_halts_who_funding_full_accountability_for_pushing_chinas_misinformation_about_coronavirus.html transcript online] at ''{{w|RealClearPolitics}}''

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 17|April 17]]===
* Look, I could tell you about — and I’m not going to do it, because I didn’t want to bring it up — but I could tell you about events that took place. And I said things like, “You’ll never do that again” or “You’ll never do this again” or — I don’t even want to mention the events. I don’t want to mention what you’re supposed to be doing because — and you know one of them was so horrible. I said, “A certain industry will be out of business — never happen again.” Two weeks later, it was like nothing ever happened. Hopefully, we get rid of this. We have tremendous talent up here and all over, including governors, including local governments, state governments.
** [[Donald Trump]]. [https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-april-17-2020/ Remarks by President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force in Press Briefing | April 17, 2020]

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020#19 April|April 19]]===
* That White House Coronavirus Task Force met today. It was reported to us that, at this moment, more than 746,000 Americans have tested positive for the coronavirus. Fortunately, more than 68,000 Americans have fully recovered. But sadly, more than 41,000 Americans have lost their lives to the coronavirus. And we always want to express our deepest sympathies to the families in their loss, as well as to all the families who have loved ones that are struggling with this disease.
** [[Mike Pence]], ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-28/ Remarks by President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force in Press Briefing]'', (April 19, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''

* Today, we’ve seen encouraging news again about our [[progress]] as a nation. President Trump reflected on those momentarily. But the coronavirus White House Task Force today learned that our large [[w:Cities and metropolitan areas of the United States|metro areas]] continue to stabilize and even see progress. The [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in New York (state)|New York]] [[w:New York metropolitan area|metro area]], including [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in New Jersey|New Jersey]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in New York City|New York]], [[Long Island]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Connecticut|Connecticut]], and [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]] all appear to be past their [[w:Epidemic curve|peak]]. The [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Detroit|Detroit]] [[w:Metro Detroit|metro area]] also appears to be past its peak and is stable. [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in New Orleans|New Orleans]] [[w:New Orleans metropolitan area|metro area]] actually is the most stable of all areas where we had a major metropolitan outbreak. And the [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Denver|Denver]] [[w:Denver metropolitan area|metro area]] is stable. We’re dealing in [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Colorado|Colorado]] with a [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in the United States|meatpacking plant]] issue. And, of course, [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in California|California]] and [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Washington (state)|Washington]] remain low and steady. Areas that we continue to watch carefully on the task force include the [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Chicago|Chicago]] [[w:Chicago metropolitan area|metro area]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Boston|Boston]] [[w:Greater Boston|metro]], and the [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Philadelphia|Philadelphia]] [[w:Pennsylvania metropolitan areas|metropolitan area]]. The progress that we are making is a tribute to the — the American people. It’s a tribute to state and local leaders in all of these areas and the partnership that our President has forged. But we just want to encourage every American, as we see this progress, to continue to heed your state and local authorities. I think the American people know no one wants to reopen America more than President Donald Trump. But I want to assure you we’re going to continue to work with governors of every state, with the President’s Guidelines for Opening Up America Again. And we’re going to work in a way that we can consolidate the progress that we have made and help move our states toward reopening our country.
** [[Mike Pence]], ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-28/ Remarks by President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force in Press Briefing]'', (April 19, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''

* Remember that, a month ago, we had done 80,000 [[coronavirus tests]] [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#Testing|in America]]. This weekend, we cleared more than 4 million. And we’re currently testing more than a million Americans a week. We fully expect to actually have tested more than 5 million Americans before the end of this month. But at the President's urging, we’re going to continue to scale that testing and then work with governors to make sure that they can manage and implement and deploy that testing in the manner that will most support their efforts to move their states forward. Remember that the testing that is contemplated in the Guidelines for Opening Up America Again, for phase one, are testing people that have [[w:Coronavirus disease 2019#Signs and symptoms|symptoms]] that may be [[coronavirus]], and then also having the testing resources to deploy to vulnerable communities: [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on long-term care facilities#United States|nursing homes]] or other vulnerable communities that we have identified as needing additional –what is called "[[w:COVID-19 surveillance|monitoring]]" or "surveillance testing".
** [[Mike Pence]], ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-28/ Remarks by President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force in Press Briefing]'', (April 19, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''

* We believe we have the testing today around the country that would allow any state in America to move into phase one if they've met the other criteria: fourteen days of [[w:Flattening the curve|consistent declines]] and strong [[w:Medical centers in the United States|hospital]] capacity, so that [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospitals|their system]] would not be [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Facilities|overwhelmed]] in the event of a flare-up. But we’re going to be working with governors tomorrow on the subject of testing and supplies. And as the President said again this evening: We’re here to help. We’ve forged a partnership with governors around the country, and tomorrow we’ll be building on that partnership to hopefully arrive at the day that we can make sure governors around the nation have the best advice and the best resources to put America back to work.
** [[Mike Pence]], ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-28/ Remarks by President Trump, Vice President Pence, and Members of the Coronavirus Task Force in Press Briefing]'', (April 19, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''

====Mike Pence, interview at ''{{w|Meet the Press}}''====
:[[Mike Pence]] in an interview with {{w|Chuck Todd}} at ''{{w|Meet the Press}}'' (April 19, 2020). [https://www.nbcnews.com/meet-the-press/meet-press-april-19-2020-n1187411 Transcript online] at ''{{w|NBCNews.com}}''
* It really is remarkable to think about the progress the American people have made over the last several months. When the president tapped me to lead the White House Coronavirus Task Force, he gave us the first objective is to save lives. And to focus on slowing the spread, bending the curve. And because of the extraordinary efforts of the American people, we continue to see every day evidence that cases are declining, hospitalizations are declining. That's a tribute to the American people. Frankly, it's a tribute to all of those governors, governors in both parties across the country who put these mitigation efforts into effect.

* Secondly, the president made it clear to us that we were to make sure the hospitals in impacted areas had the resources and the equipment that they needed to be able to save as many lives as possible. And I have to tell you that tens of millions of {{w|personal protective equipment}} that we've coordinated [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#Medical supplies|for delivery around the country]], especially in areas most impacted and the fact that [[w:Management of COVID-19#Mechanical ventilation|ventilators]] have been delivered in areas across the country so that no American who needed a ventilator has ever been denied a ventilator. We're actually increasing the stockpile today. But testing has been a focus of ours as well, from very beginning. And it's the reason why the president, early on, brought in this vast array of commercial labs that took us from 80,000 tests one month ago to now four million tests as of yesterday. And as we'll make clear again to governors tomorrow in our weekly conference call, we look forward to continuing to partner with governors all across the country as we continue to scale testing. Because we really believe that, while we're doing 150,000 tests a day now, that if states around the country will activate all of the [[w:Medical laboratory|laboratories]] that are available in their states, we could more than double that overnight and literally be doing hundreds of thousands of more tests per day in a very short period of time.

* Just so we're very clear, when the president outlined his guidelines for opening up America, we laid out a plan for both -- for when and how we thought it was best according to our best scientists and advisors for states to be able to responsibly and safely reopen. And we believe today as Dr. [[w:Deborah Birx|Birx]] has said, as Dr. Fauci and others have said, is that there is a sufficient capacity of testing across the country today for any state in America to go to a phase one level which contemplates testing people that have {{w|symptoms of the coronavirus}}. And also doing the kind of monitoring of vulnerable populations in our cities, in our nursing homes that we ought to be watching very carefully for outbreaks of the coronavirus. But we believe working with the governors, as we'll continue to partner with them, that we can activate labs around the country and that states today, if the governor so chooses, have sufficient testing to be able to move into the testing contemplated in phase one.

* What we've done through [[w:Federal Emergency Management Agency|FEMA]] and through {{w|U.S. public health service}} is literally marshal the full resources of the [[American economy]]. We've been bringing medical supplies including, testing supplies, in from all over the world and will continue to do that.

* I've been working almost daily over the last two months with [[Republican party (United States)|Republican]] and [[Democratic party (United States)|Democrat]] governors across the country. And this vast and complex system of testing, using the commercial labs around the country and using hospital and public labs is a new concept. And so we've been working with governors around the country to make sure that they and their [[w:Health in the United States|health]] officials know about all the resources in their states. And we also have deployed a team from [[w:Walter Reed Army Institute of Research|Walter Reed]] that over the last two weeks has been calling every single laboratory in the country that can do coronavirus testing. And tomorrow we'll be presenting all of those details to governors so that they can activate those tests in their state.

* Admiral [[Brett Giroir]] of the U.S. Public Health Service spends all of his time coordinating testing deployment and resources deployment from FEMA. And what we're making clear to governors, and I want the American people to know, is that we will continue to do that. While the president has made it clear that we want the governors to implement testing and deploy testing where they deem it's most appropriate in their state, we're going to continue to fully partner with states around the country to increase the supply, to make sure that they have the reagents and the test kits necessary to perform those tests. But I want to say again, it is truly -- it's a tribute to the president's leadership that early on in this process he brought in the top commercial labs in the country. They formed an alliance. And we went from one month ago to 80,000 tests being done to four million tests being completed as of yesterday. We'll continue to increase that. We'll continue to make governors aware of that.

* In any [[w:Health crisis|health care crisis]], we want to make sure the health care workers at the local level have the resources they need because it's locally executed. It is state managed. But it's federally supported. And the [[Federal government of the United States|federal government]] at the president's direction will continue to support governors as they deploy the testing resources in the time and manner of their choosing. But we believe today, as Dr. Deborah Birx has confirmed, is we have a sufficient capacity of testing today for any state in America to move into phase one and begin the process of reopening their state and their economy.

* At the president's direction, as we announced last week, the CDC is going to deploy teams in every single state in the country to do {{w|contact tracing}} over the next 12 to 18 months. The CDC is really the expert at contact tracing. And it really is, [[w:Chuck Todd|Chuck]], the way that we, that we typically control the outbreak of infectious disease. You identify someone who has symptoms. You test them. And then you immediately find out who they've been in contact with. That's what the CDC does. And, as we announced last week, we'll be deploying coronavirus CDC teams in every state in the country on top of the hundreds of CDC personnel that are already embedded in states today.

* I've seen that report in the papers this morning. And I know that [[w:United States Department of Health and Human Services|HHS]] is making inquiries. But we believe those issues were resolved on that particular test by early February. But it's important for your viewers to know that that test, the slow lab-based test that is typical for CDC and public health labs would never have been able to meet the needs of testing in this coronavirus epidemic. That's why President Trump was so right when he brought together these commercial labs and formed a consortium. And literally took us from -- at that time in February we had done some 20,000 tests total across the country. Now we've done more than four million and we believe we'll have done more than five million tests before the end of this month. None of that would have been possible without the president's leadership, without the innovation, without the incredible efforts of companies like [[w:Roche Diagnostics|Roche]] and [[w:Avid Technology|Avid Laboratories]]. And the American people can be confident that whether it is supplies, whether it is testing, we're going to continue to make sure that our governors, our state health care officials and most especially our health care workers have the resources and the support they need. But I want the American people to know that sitting here this morning we really are seeing encouraging signs because of what the American people have done, we believe we are slowing the spread.
** On a [[w:Food and Drug Administration|FDA]]'s report stating that CDC's initial test was faulty.

* There's a downward trajectory beginning in even some of the hot spots around the country. And now more than ever it's important that each of us continue to do our part. And I can assure the American people that, at the president's direction, we'll continue to play our role, we'll have a full partnership of governors around the country. And we will some day in the near future, we, will put the coronavirus in the past.

* No one wants to reopen America more than President Donald Trump. And I think the American people have known that from weeks ago when the president declared that important balance, we have to make sure that the cure isn't worse than the disease. Because the reality is that for all of the sacrifice the American people have made, sacrifices that literally have saved lives, the truth is that there are real costs including the health and well-being of the American people to continue to go through the shutdown that we're in today. And so the president laid out new guidelines for every state in the country to say that if you’ve seen cases decline for 14 days, if you're in a position to do the kind of, the kind of testing and you have the health hospital capacity that we want to encourage every state to examine the way to go to phase one. And that's the new guidance that we're giving.
** About [[Donald Trump's tweets]] in support of the [[w:2020 United States anti-lockdown protests|anti-lockdown protests]] by [[w:Donald Trump on social media#Liberate tweets|calling for the liberation]] of [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan|Michigan]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota|Minnesota]], and [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Virginia|Virginia]] in all caps.

*'''[[w:Chuck Todd|Chuck Todd]]:''' I understand that. I've given you a lot of leeway here. I've not been wanting to interrupt you. That's not true, I always want to jump in on some things. I've given you a lot of leeway. Why is the president trying to undermine the guidance you've been laying out and that he's been -- he laid out this guidance on Thursday and undermined it on Friday.
: '''Mike Pence:''' Chuck, I just -- I don't accept your premise and I don't think most Americans do either. The president's made it clear, he wants to reopen America. And we laid out guidelines for every state in the country to safely and responsibly reopen their economy at the time and manner of their choosing. We laid out the criteria for when our best scientists believe that would be appropriate. If it was 14 days of declining of cases and they had proper hospital capacity. And we laid out the means that they could move into phase one. When you hear the president, when you see people across the country talking about reopening, every American and this president want to do that in a safe and responsible way. The guidelines for opening up America are a framework for doing that. And we'll work with governors across the country to implement those because we want to, we want to put America back to work as soon as we responsibly can. And at the president's direction we're going to continue to work to do that every day.

* The American people can be confident that this president wants to reopen the American economy as soon as we can safely and responsibly do it. But we believe, with the guidelines to open up America again, we've given governors around the country our very best counsel about how they can do just that. And we'll continue to work with governors to make sure that they have the guidance, that they have the council and they have the resources to accomplish that. And to put the coronavirus in the past someday and to put America back to work.

* We believe that under the phase one criteria that we have a sufficient amount of testing at that level to allow states to begin to responsibly reopen. And literally doing more than 150,000 tests a day now, a number that we believe we could double once we activate all the laboratories around the country, we're confident that that would enable any governor who's otherwise met the criteria of 14 days of declining cases to be able to have the testing capacity sufficient to monitor people that may have symptoms so we can identify them and do contact tracing and also deploy the resources to vulnerable populations, nursing homes and particular vulnerable populations in our city to ensure that we don't see a resurgence of the coronavirus. So yes, we think we've laid a strong foundation for testing for phase one and we're going to continue to expand testing going forward for the nation in the weeks and months ahead.

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 21|April 21]]===
* I think I read yesterday a report that we’ve done more than everybody — every other country — combined, 
* We’ve tested more than every other country in the world even put together.
** [[Donald Trump]], quoted by {{citation |date=2020-04-21 |title=Trump just said the US has done more coronavirus testing than the rest of the world. Not even close. |author=Aaron Rupar |periodical=Vox |url=https://www.vox.com/2020/4/21/21230400/trump-coronavirus-briefing-testing-other-countries-combined}}
** Note: At that time, the US had done just above 4 million tests, while worldwide more than 20 million tests had been done.

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 22|April 22]]===
* I believe this transfer was in response to my insistence that the government invest the billions of dollars allocated by Congress to address the COVID-19 pandemic into safe and scientifically vetted solutions, and not in drugs, vaccines and other technologies that lack scientific merit. I am speaking out because to combat this deadly virus, science – not politics or [[cronyism]] – has to lead the way.
** [[Rick Bright]], on April 22, 2020, statement objecting to his removal as Deputy Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response and Director of [[w:Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority|BARDA]]. As quoted in [[w:Rick Bright#COVID-19 whistleblower complaint|a whistleblower complaint filed by Bright]] on May 5, 2020. [https://d3i6fh83elv35t.cloudfront.net/static/2020/05/R.-Bright-OSC-Complaint_Redacted.pdf Text online]

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 23|April 23]]===
* "And then I see the disinfectant where it knocks it out in a minute. One minute. And is there a way we can do something like that, by injection inside or almost a cleaning? Because, you see, it gets on the lungs, and it does a tremendous number on the lungs. So it'd be interesting to check that. So that you're going to have to use medical doctors, but it sounds — it sounds interesting to me."
** [[Donald Trump]], quoted by {{citation |date=2020-04-23 |title='It's irresponsible and it's dangerous': Experts rip Trump's idea of injecting disinfectant to treat COVID-19 |author=Jan C. Timm |periodical=NBC News |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2020-election/it-s-irresponsible-it-s-dangerous-experts-rip-trump-s-n1191246}}
** Note: Trump's Food and Drug Administration specifically warned against drinking the chemicals in disinfectants, noting that consumption of such products "can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and symptoms of severe dehydration."

* So supposing we hit the body with a tremendous, whether it’s ultraviolet or just very powerful light and I think you said that hasn't been checked but you’re going to test it. And then I said supposing you brought the light inside the body, which you can do either through the skin or in some other way.
** [[Donald Trump]], suggesting a way to cure COVID-19, as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-04-23 |title='Jaw-Dropping’: Trump Slammed for Touting Dangerous New Virus Treatments After Favored Drug Is Discredited |author=Hunter Woodall |periodical=Daily Beast |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/trump-slammed-for-touting-sunlight-uv-light-bleach-as-possible-covid-19-treatments-during-briefing}}

* And we’re — really, I’m very happy the governors have been — the governors, really, have been doing a really good job working with us, and it’s — it’s, really, pretty impressive to see. I’ve spoken to numerous leaders of countries over the last 48 hours, and they are saying we’re leading the way. We’re really leading the way in so many different ways.
** [[Donald Trump]], White House coronavirus task force briefing (April 23, 2020), [https://www.rev.com/blog/transcripts/donald-trump-coronavirus-press-conference-transcript-april-23 Donald Trump Coronavirus Press Conference Transcript April 23]

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 25|April 25]]===
* Was just informed that the [[w:Fake news in the United States#21st Century|Fake News]] from the Thursday White House Press Conference had me speaking & asking questions of Dr. {{w|Deborah Birx}}. Wrong, I was speaking to our Laboratory expert, not Deborah, about sunlight etc. & the CoronaVirus. The Lamestream Media is corrupt & sick!
** [[Donald Trump]] incorrectly stating that he was talking to {{w|William Bryan}}, the head of science and technology directorate at the {{w|Department of Homeland Security}}, and not {{w|Debroah Birx}} when asked if [[w:Trump administration communication during the COVID-19 pandemic#Light and disinfectants|heat or light]] could be used as a treatment. In a [https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1254145835450933249 Twitter post], 25 April 2020, also posted on [https://www.facebook.com/DonaldTrump/posts/was-just-informed-that-the-fake-news-from-the-thursday-white-house-press-confere/10164526912870725/ his Facebook account]. Quoted in ''[https://abcnews.go.com/US/coronavirus-live-updates-135-inmates-test-positive-covid/story?id=70343518 Over 200,000 now dead worldwide from COVID-19]'' by William Mansell, Ella Torres and Christina Carrega, 26 April 2020, ''{{w|ABC News}}''

* What is the purpose of having White House News Conferences when the Lamestream Media asks nothing but hostile questions, & then refuses to report the truth or facts accurately. They get record ratings, & the American people get nothing but Fake News. Not worth the time & effort!
** [[Donald Trump]] in a [https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/1254168730898173953 Twitter post], 25 April 2020. Quoted in ''[https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/controversial-moments-led-trump-stop-white-house-coronavirus/story?id=71899110 9 controversial moments that led Trump to stop his White House coronavirus briefings]'' by Libby Cathey, 21 July 2020, ''{{w|ABC News}}''

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 27|April 27]]===
* I can't imagine why.
** [[Donald Trump]], answering a question from a journalist about rise in misuse of disinfectants the last few days, as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-04-27 |title=Trump Says He Takes No Responsibility For People Ingesting Disinfectant |author=Lydia O'Connor |periodical=Huffpost |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/trump-no-responsibility-disinfectant-use_n_5ea75b7dc5b6a30004e6e509?fbclid=IwAR1YLsCN0wKRW6KhjvZVh6I_26leD6mQF3nrmcuXQzh0Zd2nCIZJQU-QOG8}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April|April 28]]===
* Donald Trump and his top [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] allies in [[w:115th United States Congress|Congress]] are fighting a war, and the battle lines have begun to clarify themselves. Their war is not being waged against COVID-19, the pandemic that has [[COVID-19 pandemic deaths|killed]] tens of thousands in this nation alone. Their war is being waged against the nation itself, and specifically against areas of the nation that are heavy on [[w:Demographics of the United States|population]] but light on Trump supporters. In other words, the big-city [[w:Red states and blue states|blue states]], whose [[w:Governor (United States)|governors]] have refused to fawn over Trump's gibberish-flecked "leadership" during this crisis.
** [[William Rivers Pitt]], ''[https://truthout.org/articles/trump-and-mcconnell-arent-waging-war-on-covid-theyre-waging-war-on-us/ Trump and McConnell Aren’t Waging War on COVID. They’re Waging War on Us.]'' (April 28, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Illinois|Illinois]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in New York|New York]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in California|California]] … all big-city blue states hit hard by COVID, all states that have felt the failures of the [[Trump administration]] acutely, now singled out as states that do not deserve federal aid. COVID does not care who you voted for, but Trump does, and he seems happily willing to increase the nation's suffering while helping to expand the reach of the pandemic in order to settle some grudges and score points with his weirdly death-seeking base.
** [[William Rivers Pitt]], ''[https://truthout.org/articles/trump-and-mcconnell-arent-waging-war-on-covid-theyre-waging-war-on-us/ Trump and McConnell Aren’t Waging War on COVID. They’re Waging War on Us.]'' (April 28, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* States with large cities have taken the [[pandemic]] straight in the teeth, and are hurting badly. Many of these states did not support Trump [[w:2016 United States presidential election|in 2016]], particularly [[w:2016 United States presidential election in New York|New York]] and [[w:2016 United States presidential election in California|California]]. The leaders in these states will likely be willing to swallow any number of [[compromise]]s to get the aid money flowing. [...] The blue states need that aid, and [[Mitch McConnell|McConnell]] knows he has their congressional representatives over a barrel. The utter cruelty of these tactics, the nihilistic self-destruction of it in the face of more than 55,000 dead and thousands more to follow, has scarce precedent in the annals of [[U.S. politics]]. Instead of helping the entire country in this time of grievous crisis, Trump and McConnell are putting their boots to the neck of every state they deem ideologically unfit. It will be a damn miracle if the nation survives this, and them.
** [[William Rivers Pitt]], ''[https://truthout.org/articles/trump-and-mcconnell-arent-waging-war-on-covid-theyre-waging-war-on-us/ Trump and McConnell Aren’t Waging War on COVID. They’re Waging War on Us.]'' (April 28, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 29|April 29]]===
* The only reason the U.S. has reported one million cases of CoronaVirus is that our Testing is sooo much better than any other country in the World.
** [[Donald Trump]], quoted by {{citation |date=2020-04-29 |title=Trump still seems to not understand how bad the coronavirus crisis is |author=Stephen Collinson |periodical=CNN |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/04/29/politics/donald-trump-coronavirus-politics-pence/index.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#April 30|April 30]]===
* '''[[Donald Trump]]:''' And you have to understand: When we took over, the cupboards were bare. And the thing that — frankly, it’s not as tough as the ventilator situation. We’re the king of ventilators. But what we have done is — on testing, we’re doing numbers the likes of which nobody has ever seen before. And I told you, the President of South Korea, President Moon, called me to congratulate me on testing. And we did more tests than any other country anywhere in the world. And I think they told me yesterday a number — if you add up the rest of the world, we’ve done more testing. And it’s a higher quality test. So I think we’ve done a — I think the whole team, federal government — we built hospitals for you and others.
: '''{{w|Phil Murphy}}:''' You bet.
: '''Donald Trump:''' We built medical centers. And I’m talking about thousands and thousands of beds. Many, many medical centers. We had — as you know, we had the governor of Florida and the governor of Louisiana over the last two days. They could not have been — and one was a Democrat, and this gentleman happens to be a proud Democrat. They could not have been more supportive of the effort of the federal government. And I’ll tell you, Jim —
: '''{{w|James Acosta}}:''' But aren’t you seeing massive lines for food?
: '''Donald Trump:''' Let me just tell you, we have — we started off with empty cupboards. The last administration left us nothing. We started off with bad, broken tests and obsolete tests. What we’ve come up with, between the {{w|Abbott Laboratories}}, where you have the five-minute test. Did they test you today?
: '''Phil Murphy:''' They did test me.
: '''Donald Trump:''' Good. Now I feel better. (Laughter.)
: '''Phil Murphy:''' Yeah, yeah, yeah. I’m negative.
: '''Donald Trump:''' You did the five-minute — the Abbott test.
: '''Phil Murphy:''' I did the quick turnaround.
: '''Donald Trump:''' It’s so great.
: '''Phil Murphy:''' I feel like a new man.
: '''Donald Trump:''' That’s a brand — you know what? That’s a brand-new test. That didn’t exist eight weeks ago, and now it’s like the rage. Everybody wants that test. No, I think we’ve done — I think we’ve done a really great job.
:* About the lack of tests for the novel coronavirus, ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-meeting-governor-murphy-new-jersey/ Remarks by President Trump in a Meeting with Governor Murphy of New Jersey]'' (April 30, 2020), ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''. Quoted in ''[https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/trump-blame-obama-covid-tests/ Did Trump Blame Obama for ‘Bad’ COVID-19 Tests?]'' by Bethania Palma, 1 May 2020, ''{{w|Snopes}}''
:* Note: No previous administration could have prepared a test for a disease which had yet to emerge. COVID-19 emerged during [[Trump's presidency]], the test was designed in 2020 by the [[Centers for Disease Control]] under the Trump administration. See {{w|Misinformation related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Presidential}}

==[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May|May]]==
===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May 1|May 1]]===
* Though some protections exist for people [[w:Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|struggling financially]] during the COVID-19 pandemic, thanks to the {{w|CARES Act}} [[w:Stimulus (economics)|stimulus]] package signed into law on March 27, they largely ignore those who were already on the edge of [[w:Risk of ruin|financial ruin]]. The CARES Act has paused [[w:Student loans in the United States#Federal loans|federal student loan]] [[w:Student debt#United States|debt]] payments and payments on federally-backed [[w:Mortgage insurance#United States|mortgages]], and various cities and states have suspended [[w:Eviction and the COVID-19 pandemic|evictions]]. But few states have stopped creditors from moving ahead with {{w|wage garnishments}}, [[w:Repossession#United States|repossessions]], and [[w:Attachment of earnings#United States|attachments]] (one-time seizures of bank accounts). This means that in many cases, the pandemic will tip people [...] into an economic abyss from which it will be difficult or impossible to recover. Even the one-time $1,200 stimulus payments promised to millions in the U.S. can be garnished by [[w:Banking in the United States|financial institutions]] in many states. [...] About one-third of [[Americans]] have debts in collection, according to the {{w|National Consumer Law Center}}. Total {{w|household debt}} reached an all-time high in the last quarter of 2019, at $14.5 trillion, according to the {{w|Federal Reserve Bank of New York}}. Unemployment checks are supposed to be protected from creditors, but even they are at risk of seizure once they are deposited into bank accounts. To protect their benefits, debtors must file a court [[w:Motion (legal)|motion]], which is challenging in scores of jurisdictions where the [[coronavirus]] has closed most courts. People who do succeed in filing motions are being told they must wait weeks and sometimes months for their cases to be heard. In the meantime, the funds remain frozen.
** [[Alana Semuels]], ''[https://time.com/5830744/debt-coronavirus/ Wages Seized. Bank Accounts Frozen. The Poor Are Getting Poorer as Creditors Pursue Debts]'' (May 1, 2020), ''[[w:Time (magazine)|Time]]''

* I can't tell you that. I'm not allowed to tell you that.
** [[Donald Trump]], answering what his basis was for claiming that the coronavirus emerged from a virology lab in the Wuhan city of China, as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-05-01 |title='It Came Out Of China, Could Have Been Stopped': Prez Donald Trump On Coronavirus |author=PTI |periodical=Outlook |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/world-news-it-came-out-of-china-could-have-been-stopped-prez-donald-trump-on-coronavirus/351848}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May 10|May 10]]===
* We are getting great marks for the handling of the CoronaVirus pandemic, especially the very early BAN of people from China, the infectious source, entering the USA. Compare that to the Obama/Sleepy [[Joe Biden|Joe]] disaster known as H1N1 Swine Flu. Poor marks, bad polls - didn’t have a clue!
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-05-10 |title=Trump claims he is ‘getting great marks’ for coronavirus response as US death toll nears 80,000
|author=Richard Hall |periodical=Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/trump-coronavirus-us-response-barack-obama-joe-biden-a9507346.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May 11|May 11]]===
* If people want to get tested, they get tested.
** [[Donald Trump]], quoted in {{citation |date=2020-05-11 |title=Fact check: Trump falsely claims, again, that anybody who wants a test can get one |author=By Daniel Dale, David Wright, Arman Azad, Holmes Lybrand | periodical=CNN | url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/05/11/politics/trump-fact-check-may-11/index.html}}

* Coronavirus numbers are looking MUCH better, going down almost everywhere.
** [[Donald Trump]], quoted in {{citation |date=2020-05-11 |title=Trump points to 'the numbers,' which don't say what he thinks they say |author=Steve Benen |periodical=MSNBC | url=https://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/trump-points-numbers-which-don-t-say-what-he-thinks-n1205336}}

* We have to close the country. And I said, say it again. They said, sir, you have to close the country. Nobody ever heard of a thing like this but they were right because if I didn't we would have lost two million, two and a half million, maybe more than that people.
** [[Donald Trump]], quoted by {{citation |date=2020-05-11 |title=Why Donald Trump's idea that he saved millions of lives is laughable |author=Chris Cillizza |periodical=CNN | url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/05/11/politics/donald-trump-coronavirus-quarantine/index.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May 12|May 12]]===
* Asian Americans are VERY angry at what China has done to our Country, and the World. Chinese Americans are the most angry of all. I don’t blame them!
** [[Donald Trump]], quoted in {{citation |date=2020-05-12 |title=Trump claims Asian Americans are angry at 'what China has done' to U.S. |author=Kimmy Yam |periodical=Yahoo News / NBC News |url=https://news.yahoo.com/trump-claims-asian-americans-angry-190959445.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May 13|May 13]]===
* To me it's not an acceptable answer, especially when it comes to schools
** [[Donald Trump]], commenting on a statement from infectious disease expert Dr. Anthony Fauci, warning that getting businesses and schools back open too quickly would lead to unnecessary suffering and death, as quoted in {{citation |date=2020-05-13 |title=Trump's rebuke of Fauci encapsulates rejection of science in virus fight |author=Stephen Collinson |periodical=CNN |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/05/14/politics/donald-trump-anthony-fauci-science-coronavirus/index.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May 14|May 14]]===
==== Rick Bright, Testimony before Congress ====
[[Rick Bright]],, [https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/rick-bright-testimony-05-14-20/index.html Testimony before Congress], CNN (May 14, 2020)

* Our window of opportunity is closing. If we fail to improve our response now, based on science, I fear the pandemic will get far worse and be prolonged. There will be likely a resurgence of Covid-19 this fall that will be greatly compounded by the challenges of seasonal influenza. Without better planning, 2020 could be the darkest winter in modern history.

* We need to be truthful with the American people. Americans deserve the truth. The truth must be based on science. We have the world's greatest scientists. Let us lead. Let us speak without fear of retribution. We must listen. Each of us can and must do our part now.

* I believe with proper leadership and collaboration across government, with the best science leading the way, we can devise a comprehensive strategy, we can devise a plan that includes all Americans and help them help us guide us through this pandemic. The window is closing to address this pandemic because we still do not have a standard centralized coordinated plan to take this nation through this response.

* There's no one company that can produce enough for our country or for the world. We need to have a strategy and plan in place now to make sure that we can not only fill that vaccine, make it, distribute it, administer it in a fair and equitable plan. We don't have that yet and it is a significant concern.

* '''Rep. Butterfield''': How could we be struggling to get adequate supplies of simple supplies like swabs? What does this say about the federal response to the coronavirus outbreak? '''Bright''': It says to me, sir, that there is no master coordinated plan on how to respond to this outbreak.

* Lives were endangered, and I believe lives were lost. Not only that, we were forced to procure the supplies from other countries without the right quality standards, so even our doctors and nurses in the hospitals today are wearing N95-marked masks from other countries that are not providing the sufficient protection that a US-standard N95 mask would provide them.

* We need to unleash the voices of the scientists in our public health system in the United States so they can be heard and their guidances need to be listened to.

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May 16|May 16]]===
* If we didn’t do any testing, we would have very few cases
** [[Donald Trump]], quoted in {{citation |date=2020-05-16 |title=Trump seems to think there’d be no coronavirus if there was no testing. It doesn’t work like that. |author=Aaron Rupar |periodical=VOX |url=https://www.vox.com/2020/5/15/21259888/trump-coronavirus-testing-very-few-cases}}

* A lot of doctors take it. I take it.
** [[Donald Trump]], about taking the anti-malaria drug hydroxychloroquine to prevent Covid-19 disease, as quoted in {{citation |date=2020-05-18 |title=FDA: This Drug Could Kill You. Trump: I’m Taking It! |author=Justin Paragona, Adam Rawnsley |periodical=The Daily Beast |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/trump-reveals-hes-now-taking-unproven-anti-malarial-drug-fda-warned-against}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May 18|May 18]]===
* I would have told you that three or four days ago, but we never had a chance, because you never asked me the question.
** [[Donald Trump]], about taking the anti-malaria drug hydroxychloroquine to prevent Covid-19 disease, as quoted in {{citation |date=2020-05-18 |title=FDA: This Drug Could Kill You. Trump: I’m Taking It! |author=Justin Paragona, Adam Rawnsley |periodical=The Daily Beast |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/trump-reveals-hes-now-taking-unproven-anti-malarial-drug-fda-warned-against}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May 19|May 19]]===
* When we have a lot of cases, I don’t look at that as a bad thing — I look at that in a certain respect as being a good thing because it means our testing is much better. ... So I view it as a badge of honour, really,
** [[Donald Trump]], about the 1.59 million confirmed cases of Covid-19, as quoted in {{citation |date=2020-05-19 |title=Coronavirus: Trump says it’s ‘badge of honour’ for US to lead world in Covid-19 cases |author=Oliver O'Connell |periodical=Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-coronavirus-cases-us-covid-death-toll-a9523166.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May 21|May 21]]===
* I didn’t want to give the press the pleasure of seeing it.
** [[Donald Trump]], on why he didn't wear a face mask as a protection against the coronavirus at a visit to a factory, as quoted in {{citation |date=2020-05-21 |title=Trump Goes Without Mask For Public Tour of Michigan Factory, Says He ‘Didn’t Want to Give the Press the Pleasure’ of Seeing Him Wearing One |author=Madeleine Carlisle |periodical=Time |url=https://time.com/5840833/trump-michigan-ford-plant-tour-mask/}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#May 22|May 22]]===
* Yeah. I tested positively toward negative, right? So, no, I tested perfectly this morning, meaning—meaning I tested negative... But that’s a way of saying it: positively toward the negative.
** [[Donald Trump]], on having had a coronavirus test, spoken to reporters on the White House lawn, 2020-05-21. {{citation |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/trump-tested-very-positively/ |title=Did Trump Say He ‘Tested Very Positively’ for COVID-19, Meaning Negative? | publisher={{w|Snopes}} |date=May 22, 2020 |accessdate=May 22, 2020 |author=Bethania Palma}}

==[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#June|June]]==

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#June 15|June 15]]===
* In a very real sense they've {{w|flattened the curve}}. The number of cases in [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Oklahoma|Oklahoma]] has declined precipitously.
** [[Mike Pence]], about the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. [https://edition.cnn.com/2020/06/16/politics/fact-check-mike-pence-oklahoma-coronvirus-spread-numbers/index.html Fact check: Pence falsely claims coronavirus cases in Oklahoma are on the decline] (June 15 2020)

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#June 16|June 16]]===
* You know, before we had a single coronavirus case in this country, this president shut down all travel from China. It bought us invaluable time to stand up our national response.
** [[Mike Pence]], [https://www.factcheck.org/2020/06/pences-false-claims-about-trumps-handling-of-coronavirus/ Pence’s False Claims About Trump’s Handling of Coronavirus] (June 16 2020)

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#June 21|June 21]]===
*By the way, it’s a disease, without question [that] has more names than any disease in history. I can name “kung flu.” I can name 19 different versions of names. Many call it a virus, which it is. Many call it a flu. What difference? I think we have 19 or 20 different versions of the name.
** [[Donald Trump]], discussing the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] at a {{w|Donald Trump's Tulsa rally|campaign rally in Tulsa, Oklahoma on June 21}}, as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-06-21 |title=This Is How Trump Plans to Beat Biden |author=Osita Nwanevu |periodical={{w|The New Republic}} |url=https://newrepublic.com/article/158245/trump-plans-beat-biden |lang=en-US}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#June 23|June 23]]===
* Ironically, while the virus is hidden and invisible, it acts to make ''dramatically visible'' numerous crises and problems in nations such as the US. Better than any [[Marxist]] theory of crisis, the virus showed that the world capitalist system is extremely fragile and built on a house of cards that can be toppled by an ill-wind. More so than depressions, world wars, or terrorist attacks, COVID-19 brought the world to a standstill. It exposed the mighty US Empire as a second-rate moribund power and a failed state in its inconceivably feeble response to the pandemic and the plight of its citizens. It revealed Emperor Trump to be without clothes — not only grossly incompetent as a leader, but a truly dangerous sociopath indifferent to the suffering he causes. Trump not only presides over the greatest health crisis in a century, he is a health hazard, a danger to public safety.
** [[Steven Best]], [https://drstevebest.wordpress.com/2020/05/21/how-to-destroy-civilization-covid-19-and-the-exploitation-of-animals-and-the-earth/ "How To Destroy Civilization: COVID-19 and the Exploitation of Animals and the Earth"] (23 June 2020)

* Moreover, the virus shed a blinding light on the already clear racial and class inequalities in the US, for the poor and people of color have the least resources, the worst access to healthy food and health care, and are the most vulnerable. In May-June 2020, {{w|George Floyd protests|protests and riots}} erupted all over a nation dealing with the dual pandemics of COVID-19 and {{w|Racism in the United States|systemic racism}} and {{w|Police brutality in the United States|police brutality}}. As well, COVID-19 laid bare the nihilistic logic of [[capitalism]], when anxious [[elites]] insisted that the elderly, the vulnerable, and “essential workers” will have to be sacrificed for the greater good of the economy and revivification of the sacred "[[w:American way|American Way of Life]]." Just as surely, the virus put on display the supremacy of politics over science, ideology over facts, and personal ambition (of Trump) over public health. The respect for and preeminence of science has never been lower in the US. Just as Trump has censored climate change science for the last few years, he and compliant Republican-governed states like Florida censured medical sciences disclosing the distressing factual realities of the COVID-19 outbreak. Truth, facts, and objective reality are troubled notions in the topsy-turvy society Trump has shaped. The virus made disturbingly clear the power of lies and ideology in a media-dominated hyperreal society, as even with the colossal failure of leadership, Trump retains the ardent support of his base, which comprises nearly half of the country.
** [[Steven Best]], [https://drstevebest.wordpress.com/2020/05/21/how-to-destroy-civilization-covid-19-and-the-exploitation-of-animals-and-the-earth/ "How To Destroy Civilization: COVID-19 and the Exploitation of Animals and the Earth"] (23 June 2020)

* COVID is the perfect virus for [[Neoliberalism|neoliberal]], atomized societies and especially for the sharply polarized US. Since the fall of the {{w|Berlin Wall}} in 1989, and the utopian dreams of open societies in the aftermath, nations around the world have built more, not less, walls, and currently there are over 70 sizable border walls worldwide. In the midst of the {{w|Climate crisis|climate emergency}}, when international cooperation is critical, alliances are unraveling, and nations are building walls between one another. Donald “America First” Trump has pulled out of the {{w|Paris Agreement|Paris Treaty}} and withdrew from the {{w|World Health Organization}}. Divisions form not only between nations, but within nations themselves. This is dramatically evident in the US, where Trump abdicated federal oversight and leadership of the COVID-19 crisis, states were forced to compete with one another for medical supplies and many erected border checkpoints to keep out citizens from neighboring states. The culture wars dividing conservatives and liberals for decades have intensified to draw battle lines now between those who wear MAGA hats and those who don protective masks. As well, COVID-19 has frayed important lines of family and community connections among individuals, forced people into isolated and sanitized zones of [[solipsism]] that breed depression and mental illness.
** [[Steven Best]], [https://drstevebest.wordpress.com/2020/05/21/how-to-destroy-civilization-covid-19-and-the-exploitation-of-animals-and-the-earth/ "How To Destroy Civilization: COVID-19 and the Exploitation of Animals and the Earth"] (23 June 2020)

* Cases up only because of our big number testing. Mortality rate way down!!!
* It’s fading away, it’s going to fade away.
* We have got the greatest testing program anywhere in the world.
* We’ve done too good a job.
* You know testing is a double-edged sword. ... Here’s the bad part. When you test to that extent, you are going to find more people, find more cases. So I said to my people, ‘Slow the testing down please.’
** [[Donald Trump]], about the Covid-19 pandemic, as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-06-23 |title=AP FACT CHECK: Sober science weighs in on Trump’s virus take
|author=Calvin Woodward, Hope Yen |periodical=AP |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/06/22/881598655/fact-check-trump-spreads-unfounded-claims-about-voting-by-mail |lang=en-US}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#June 26|June 26]]===
* To one extent or another, the volume of new cases coming in is a reflection of a great success in expanding testing across the country.
** [[Mike Pence]], about the coronavirus. [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/26/us/politics/coronavirus-pence-fact-check.html Fact Checking Mike Pence on the Coronavirus Pandemic] (June 26 2020)

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#June 28|June 28]]===
* If his people who are called by His name will humble themselves and pray, He will do as He has done for generations and heal His people and He will heal this land, I leave here today confident that God is at work. Even though it may not seem that way God is working. Even when things don’t seem like they’re going the way we expected, they’re going the way God expected.
** [[Mike Pence]], [https://www.star-telegram.com/news/politics-government/article243855712.html Prayer is needed now more than ever, Vice President Pence tells First Baptist Dallas] (June 28 2020)

==[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July|July]]==

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 1|July 1]]===
* I think we’re gonna be very good with the coronavirus. I think that at some point that’s going to, sort of, just disappear—I hope.
** [[Donald Trump]], on a morning news talk show regarding the [[COVID-19]] pandemic; at the time, the United States had over 120,000 deaths from the virus and over 2.5{{nbsp}}million infections. As quoted by {{citation |date=2020-07-01 |title=Trump again claims coronavirus is ‘going to just disappear’ as US sees record number of new cases |author=Richard Hall |periodical=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/trump-coronavirus-cases-us-fox-news-interview-today-covid-a9596631.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 4|July 4]]===
* We got hit by the virus that came from China. We’ve made a lot of progress. Our strategy is moving along well.
* We’ve learned how to put out the flame.
* Now we have tested almost 40m people. By so doing, we show cases, 99% of which are totally harmless.
** [[Donald Trump]], describing the situation with Covid-19, where more than 128 000 had died out of around 2,800,000 found cases at that time, a death rate of more than 4 %, and around 40,000 to 50,000 new cases were found per day, as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-07-04 |title=Trump claims 99% of US Covid-19 cases are 'totally harmless' as infections surge |author=David Smith |periodical=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/05/trump-claims-99-of-us-covid-19-cases-are-totally-harmless-as-infections-surge}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 5|July 5]]===
*As the pandemic surges back, Trump and his lackeys have:
:—Tried to dismantle the Affordable Care Act
:—Rallied to pass a $740,000,000,000 defense spending bill
:—Declined extending additional unemployment benefits to out-of-work Americans
:Their priorities are crystal clear.
:*[[Robert Reich]], [https://twitter.com/RBReich/status/1279957396115390466 Twitter,] (5 Jul 2020)

*So let me get this straight: Extending additional unemployment benefits to out-of-work Americans during a pandemic will make them lazy and lead to socialism, but trillions in bailouts to Wall St. bankers and corporate execs is good for the economy?
**[[Robert Reich]], [https://twitter.com/RBReich/status/1279935180120129537 Twitter,] (5 Jul 2020)

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 6|July 6]]===
* I don't regret that. At that time, there was a paucity of equipment that our health care providers needed -- who put themselves daily in harm's way of taking care of people who are ill. We did not want to divert masks and PPE away from them, to be used by the people.
** [[Anthony Fauci]], Congressional testimony on early recommendations that people not wear masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. "[https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/06/politics/trump-masks-coronavirus/index.html The mask decision that will haunt Trump's reelection bid], ''CNN'' (July 6, 2020)

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 7|July 7]]===
* We’re very much going to put pressure on governors and everybody else to open the schools.
** [[Donald Trump]], quoted by {{citation |date=2020-07-07 |title=Column: Trump demands schools reopen or funds might be cut — our (expendable) kids must face the virus! |author=Rex Huppke |periodical=Chicago Tribune |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/columns/rex-huppke/ct-coronavirus-schools-trump-reopen-devos-florida-texas-covid-huppke-20200708-eeb6di3ml5cilk35hzl5ix5l6m-story.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 11|July 11]]===

* Too many Universities and School Systems are about Radical Left Indoctrination, not Education. Therefore, I am telling the Treasury Department to re-examine their Tax-Exempt Status and/or Funding, which will be taken away if this Propaganda or Act Against Public Policy continues. Our children must be Educated, not Indoctrinated!
** As quoted by {{citation |date=2020-07-11 |title=Doctors, teachers reject Trump's pressure to reopen U.S. schools
|author=Susan Heavey |periodical=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-uda-education/in-bid-to-reopen-u-s-schools-trump-threatens-their-tax-exempt-status-idUSKBN24B2D3?il=0}}

* Deaths in the U.S. are way down.
* For the 1/100th time, the reason we show so many Cases, compared to other countries that haven’t done nearly as well as we have, is that our TESTING is much bigger and better. We have tested 40,000,000 people. If we did 20,000,000 instead, Cases would be half, etc. NOT REPORTED!
* We have the lowest Mortality Rate in the World.
* Job growth is biggest in history.
* Economy and Jobs are growing MUCH faster than anyone (except me!) expected.
** As quoted by {{citation |date=2020-07-11 |title=AP FACT CHECK: Trump keeps repeating false pandemic information |author= Calvin Woodward, Hope Yen, and Christopher Rugaber|periodical=Sentinel Colorado |url=https://sentinelcolorado.com/news/nation-world/fact-check/ap-fact-check-trump-keeps-repeating-false-pandemic-information/}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 16|July 16]]===
* The elites are not responding rationally to the coronavirus pandemic, the economic devastation and the myriad of other problems facing the United States right now. America's ruling class is doing just what they did in 2008, which is to line their own pockets at the public's expense and to cast the rest of the country — the working poor and the working class — aside as if they were human refuse. That is all very shortsighted, of course, because of the blowback. The ramifications are catastrophic. One would think that America's elites would respond in a smarter way, if even for their own self-preservation. If elected president, [[Joe Biden]] certainly isn't going to respond properly.
**[[Chris Hedges]], [https://www.salon.com/2020/07/16/chris-hedges-america-faces-a-historic-choice--ugly-corporate-tyranny-or-revolution/ Chris Hedges: America faces a historic choice — "ugly corporate tyranny" or revolution]. ''{{w|Salon (website)|Salon}}'', July 16, 2020.

*The moment that the Chinese scientists and doctors announced that the [[coronavirus]] could be transmitted between human beings on Jan. 20, 2020, the [[socialist]] governments went into action to monitor ports of entry and to test and trace key parts of the population. They set up task forces and procedures to immediately make sure that the infection would not go out of control amongst their people. They did not wait till the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global pandemic on March 11. This is in stark contrast to governments in the United States, the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]], [[COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil|Brazil]], [[COVID-19 pandemic in India|India]], and other [[capitalist]] states, where there has been a hallucinatory attitude towards the Chinese government and the WHO. There is no comparison between the stance of Vietnam’s [[w:Nguyen Xuan Phuc|Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc]] and U.S. President [[Donald Trump]]: the former had a sober, [[science]]-based attitude, while the latter has consistently laughed off the coronavirus as a simple flu as recently as June 24.
**[[Vijay Prashad]] in [https://consortiumnews.com/2020/07/16/covid-19-why-laos-vietnam-china-have-beaten-the-virus-and-india-brazil-and-the-us-have-not/ COVID-19: Why Laos, Vietnam & China Have Beaten the Virus and India, Brazil and the US Have Not, ''Consortium News''] (16 July 2020)

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 19|July 19]]===
* Look, I take responsibility always for everything because it's ultimately my job, too. I have to get everybody in line.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-07-19 |title=Trump pushes back against critics on coronavirus, addresses whether he will accept election results in exclusive interview |author= Ronn Blitzer | periodical=Fox News |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-pushes-back-against-critics-on-coronavirus-addresses-whether-he-will-accept-election-results-in-exclusive-interview}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 21|July 21]]===
* We've done much better than most. And with the fatality rate at a lower rate than most, it's something that we can talk about.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-07-21 |title=AP FACT CHECK: A More Measured Trump Doesn't Mean Accurate |author= | periodical=VOA |url=https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/ap-fact-check-more-measured-trump-doesnt-mean-accurate}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 28|July 28]]===
* So it sort of is curious. A man works for us, with us, very closely, Dr. Fauci and Dr. Birx also, very highly thought of -- and yet, they're highly thought of, but nobody likes me? It can only be my personality, that's all.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-07-28 |title='Nobody likes me': Trump ponders pandemic popularity of Fauci and Birx |author= Kevin Liptak | periodical=CNN |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/07/28/politics/donald-trump-anthony-fauci-approval-rating/index.html}}

* You can look at large portions of our country, it's corona-free.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-07-28 |title=Fact check: Trump falsely says 'large portions' of the US are 'corona-free,' repeats claim that protests are leading to rising cases |author=Holmes Lybrand, Tara Subramaniam, Nathan McDermott and Em Steck | periodical=CNN |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/07/28/politics/coronavirus-trump-kodak-press-briefing-fact-check/index.html}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 30|July 30]]===
* Young people are almost immune to this disease.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-07-30 |title=Trump says he can't assure school safety amid pandemic: 'Can you assure anybody of anything?' |author=Jessie Hellman | periodical=The Hill |url=https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/509902-trump-says-he-cant-assure-school-safety-amid-pandemic-can-you-assure}}

===[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#July 29|July 29]]===
* We're seeing improvements across major metro areas, and most hotspots, you can look at large portions of our country, it's corona-free.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted by {{citation |date=2020-07-29 |title=Fact check: Trump falsely says 'large portions' of the US are 'corona-free,' repeats claim that protests are leading to rising cases |author=Calvin Woodward | periodical=CNN |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/07/28/politics/coronavirus-trump-kodak-press-briefing-fact-check/index.html}}

==[[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#August|August]]==
* '''Q''': (Inaudible) if 160,000 people had died on President Obama's watch, do you think you would have called for his resignation?
: '''[[Donald Trump]]''': No, I wouldn’t have done that. I think it’s — I think it’s been amazing what we’ve been able to do. If we didn’t close up our country, we would have had one and a half or two million people already dead. We’ve called it right; now we don’t have to close it. We understand the disease. Nobody understood it because nobody has ever seen anything like this. The closest thing is, in 1917, they say — right? The great — the great pandemic certainly was a terrible thing, where they lost, anywhere from 50- to 100 million people. Probably ended the [[Second World War]]; all the soldiers were sick. That was a — that was a terrible situation. And this is highly contagious. This one is highly, highly contagious. No, if I would have listened to a lot of people, we would have kept it open. And, by the way, we keep it open now, all the way. We keep it open. But we would have kept it open and you could be up to a million and a half or two million people right now — one and a half to two million people. Our people have done a fantastic job — our consultants and our doctors. You know, and with disagreements and with a lot of things happening.
:* ''[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-press-briefing-august-10-2020/ Remarks by President Trump in Press Briefing | August 10, 2020]'', issued on: August 11, 2020, ''{{w|whitehouse.gov}}''
:* Note: In October 2014, Donald Trump [https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/525431218910027776 tweeted] that U.S. President [[Barack Obama]] should resign because a doctor who had treated [[Ebola]] patients in Guinea returned to the U.S, reported in ''[https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/trump-obama-ebola-tweet/ Did Trump Call for Obama to Resign After Ebola Doctor Returned to U.S.?]'' by David Mikkelson, 15 May 2020, ''{{w|Snopes}}''. And the [[1918 flu pandemic]] lasted from February 1918 to April 1920, years before the [[World War II]] which started in 1939.
* Political, economic and social dysfunction define the American empire. Our staggering inability to contain the pandemic, which now infects over 5 million Americans, and the failure to cope with the economic fallout the pandemic has caused, has exposed the American capitalist model as bankrupt. It has freed the world, dominated by the United States for seven decades, to look at other social and political systems that serve the common good rather than corporate greed. The diminished stature of the United States, even among our European allies, brings with it the hope for new forms of government and new forms of power.
**[[Chris Hedges]], [https://scheerpost.com/2020/08/10/chris-hedges-americas-death-march/ America’s Death March]. Scheerpost, August 10, 2020

==October==
* We know that we could have done better. China, faced with the first outbreak, chose strict quarantine and isolation after an initial delay. These measures were severe but effective, essentially eliminating transmission at the point where the outbreak began and reducing the death rate to a reported 3 per million, as compared with more than 500 per million in the United States. Countries that had far more exchange with China, such as Singapore and South Korea, began intensive testing early, along with aggressive contact tracing and appropriate isolation, and have had relatively small outbreaks. And New Zealand has used these same measures, together with its geographic advantages, to come close to eliminating the disease, something that has allowed that country to limit the time of closure and to largely reopen society to a prepandemic level. In general, not only have many democracies done better than the United States, but they have also outperformed us by orders of magnitude.
**[https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMe2029812 Dying in a Leadership Vacuum]. The Editors of ''{{w|The New England Journal of Medicine}}'', October 8, 2020

* ...if you look at mortality rates it's up 95%, or 85%...
** [[President Trump]], himself in COVID-recovery during an [https://www.foxnews.com/shows/tucker-carlson-tonight interiew (13:05)] with Dr Mark Siegel on Tucker Carleson show on Fox October 9, 2020

== See also ==
* [[COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China‎]]
* [[COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion]]

==External links==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Commons category|COVID-19 pandemic in the United States}}
* [https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/index.html CDC: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)], the U.S. {{w|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention}} (CDC)
** [https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-in-us.html CDC: Map of U.S. cases]
** [https://www.cdc.gov/media/dpk/diseases-and-conditions/coronavirus/coronavirus-2020.html CDC: Newsroom on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)]
** [https://www.cdc.gov/publichealthgateway/healthdirectories/healthdepartments.html CDC: State & Territorial Health Department directory]
* [https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/Office-of-Public-Affairs.aspx California CDPH Office of Public Affairs], news releases by {{w|California Department of Public Health}} (CDPH)
* {{w|The New York Times}}: [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/us/coronavirus-us-cases.html Tracking Every Coronavirus Case in the U.S.: Full Map]
* [https://covidassessment.org/ Coronavirus Self-Assessment Tool] from University of Southern California
* [https://www.c-span.org/coronavirus/ C-SPAN's coverage of the governmental and other responses to the coronavirus outbreak]
* [https://www.coronavirus.gov/ Coronavirus (COVID-19): information resource and the U.S. Government response]

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|United States]]

Revolving door (politics)

2020-10-19T15:47:56Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880530 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

In [[politics]], '''{{w|revolving door}}''' is a movement of personnel between roles as [[legislator]]s and [[Regulation|regulator]]s, on one hand, and members of the [[Industry|industries]] affected by the legislation and regulation, on the other.

==Quotes==

* [[Laissez-faire|Capitalists preach "the market"]] for the [[working class]] – stand on your own two feet, don't rely [[w:Economic interventionism|on the government]] – but themselves sponge off the [[public]] big time. Just look at the billions in [[w:Energy subsidy|subsidies]] and [[w:Tax incentive|tax concessions]] the [[w:Fossil fuel#Industry|fossil fuel companies]], huge enterprises for the most part, extract from state and federal governments [[w:Energy policy of Australia#Fossil fuels|in Australia]]. [[w:Automotive industry in Australia|The vehicle manufacturers]] raked in hundreds of millions a year from the {{w|Australian government}} for decades until deciding it wasn't enough and went overseas. This is why [[w:Big business|big companies]] and [[industry]] groups hire armies of former politicians to [[lobby]] on their behalf in the offices of [[w:Premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories|premiers]] and [[w:Prime Minister of Australia|prime ministers]] – there's money in government coffers and they want it.
** [[Tom Bramble]], [https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 "Everyone's a socialist in a crisis"] (21 March 2020), ''Red Flag''

* Increasingly, our [[large corporations]] have been [[Abuse of power|abusing the awesome power]] that they have amassed. [...] Former top [[corporate]] executives often hold many of the [[Corporatocracy|most powerful cabinet and top agency positions]] in the [[w:Federal government of the United States#Executive branch|executive branch]] of [[Federal government of the United States|government]].
** [[Marshall B. Clinard]], {{cite book |title=Corporate Corruption: The Abuse of Power |date=1990 |publisher={{w|Greenwood Publishing Group}} |isbn=978-0-275-93485-9 |page=6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PQJZxr_YBhgC&pg=PA6}}

*Companies like [[Booz Allen Hamilton]] and [[AT&T]] employ hordes of former top government officials, while hordes of current top defense officials are past (and likely future) employees of those same corporations. Constantly growing the surveillance state is a way to ensure that the government funds keep flowing, that the revolving door stays greased.
** [[Glenn Greenwald]], ''{{W|No Place to Hide (Greenwald book)|No Place to Hide}}'' (2014), p. 168,

* [[George W. Bush|Bush]] DOJ lawyer [[Jack Goldsmith]] hailed what he called "an underappreciated phenomenon: the patriotism of the American press". [...] The revolvind door moves the media figures into high-level Washington jobs, jut as government officials often leave office to the reward of a lucrative media contract.
** [[Glenn Greenwald]], ''{{W|No Place to Hide (Greenwald book)|No Place to Hide}}'' (2014), pp. 234-235

* The [[factory farm industry]] and its armies of [[w:Lobbying in the United States|lobbyists]] wield great influence in the halls of federal and state power, while [[animal rights activists]] wield virtually none. This imbalance has produced increasingly oppressive laws, accompanied by massive [[w:Federal law enforcement in the United States|law enforcement]] resources devoted to punishing animal activists even for the most inconsequential nonviolent infractions. [...] Though it receives modest attention, this revolving door spins faster, and in more blatantly sleazy ways, when it comes to the USDA and its mandate to safeguard [[w:Animal welfareAnimal welfare in the United States|animal welfare]]. The USDA is typically dominated by executives from the very factory farm industries that are most in need of vibrant regulation. For that reason, [[w:Animal welfare in the United States#Laws|animal welfare laws]] are woefully inadequate, but the ways in which they are enforced is typically little more than a bad joke. Industrial farming corporations like [[Smithfield Foods|Smithfield]] know they can get away with any abuse or “mislabeling” deceit (such as misleading claims about their treatment of animals) because the officials who have been vested with the sole authority to enforce these laws — federal USDA officials — are so captive to their industry. Courts have repeatedly ruled that private individuals, animal rights groups, and even state authorities have no right to sue to enforce animal welfare laws, because the “exclusive authority” lies with the U.S. government, which has no real interest in actually enforcing those laws. [...] In sum, with industry insiders dominating the sole agency (USDA) with the authority to regulate factory farms, animals that are captive, abused, tortured, and slaughtered en masse have little chance, even when it comes to just applying existing laws with a minimal amount of diligence. The [[Politics of the United States|politics of the U.S.]] — including the fact that a key farm state, [[Iowa]], plays such a central role in [[w:United States presidential election|presidential elections]] — means there are massive forces arrayed behind factory farms, and very few in support of animal welfare.
** [[Glenn Greenwald]], ''[https://theintercept.com/2017/10/05/factory-farms-fbi-missing-piglets-animal-rights-glenn-greenwald/ The FBI’s Hunt for Two Missing Piglets Reveals the Federal Cover-Up of Barbaric Factory Farms]'' (October 5, 2017), ''{{w|The Intercept}}''.

* Here’s a story that would be reported only in passing and remain remarkably uncommented upon by the [[w:Media bias in the United States|punditocracy]] or anyone in [[United States Congress|Congress]]: seven months after that [[w:Jim Mattis#Resignation|resignation]], [[Jim Mattis|Mattis]] took up a position on the board of {{w|General Dynamics}}, one of the nation’s largest defense contractors, with all the perks involved. (Admittedly, he had been on that same board from the moment he [[w:Jim Mattis#Civilian career|retired from the military in 2013]] until [[Donald Trump|the president]] gave him the proverbial [[Trumpian]] bear hug and [[w:Jim Mattis#Nomination and confirmation|appointed him]] [[w:United States Secretary of Defense|secretary of defense]] in 2017.) There were no columns about it. No pundits raised a storm. Nobody of any significance said much of anything. Oh, let me amend that for accuracy’s sake. There was indeed a public enthusiast quoted in the media: General Dynamics Chairwoman and CEO {{w|Phebe Novakovic}}, the head of a company that, just after Mattis's resignation, landed a $714 million delivery order to upgrade 174 [[United States Army|Army]] {{w|M1A1 Abrams}} {{w|Main Battle Tank}}s. [...] On the very board that Mattis rejoined sit six other former [[w:Officer of the United States#Military officers and secondary appointments|military officers]] and officials, including a former [[United States Navy|Navy]] [[w:Admiral (United States)|admiral]], a former [[United States Air Force|Air Forc]]e [[w:General (United States)|general]], a former [[w:United States Deputy Secretary of Defense|deputy secretary of defense]], and Novakovic herself who once worked for the [[CIA]] and {{w|the Pentagon}}. And while we’re on the subject, don’t forget about all those figures from the world of the [[w:Arms industry|weapons makers]] who have headed the other way like {{w|Mark Esper}}, the current secretary of defense, who was previously a [[w:Lobbying in the United States|lobbyist]] for [[w:Raytheon Technologies|Raytheon]].
** [[William D. Hartung]], ''[https://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/176653/ Tomgram: Mandy Smithberger, A Recipe for Disaster ]'' (January 21, 2020), ''TomDispatch''

==External links==
{{Wikipedia}}

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Political science]]
[[Category:Corruption]]

Bailout

2020-10-19T15:47:54Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880531 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

A [[w:bailout|'''bailout''']] is the provision of financial help to a corporation or country which otherwise would be on the brink of failure or [[bankruptcy]]. The term bailout is maritime in origin and describes the act of removing water from a sinking vessel using a bucket.

[[File:Uncle Sam (pointing finger).jpg|thumb|One wonders... whether the government is regulating the banks, or are the banks determining government policy?... Why have the politicians protected them...? ...Very simple. They pay for the politicians. [[Jeffrey Sachs]]]]

==Quotes==

*Last October, Congress passed the {{w|Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008}}, putting $700 billion into the hands of the Treasury Department to bail out the nation’s banks at a moment of vanishing credit and peak financial panic. Over the next three months, Treasury poured nearly $239 billion into 296 of the nation’s 8,000 banks. The money went to big banks. It went to small banks. It went to banks that desperately wanted the money. It went to banks that didn’t want the money at all but had been ordered by Treasury to take it anyway. It went to banks that were quite happy to accept the windfall, and used the money simply to buy other banks. Some banks received as much as $45 billion, others as little as $1.5 million. Sixty-seven percent went to eight institutions; 33 percent went to the rest. And that was just the money that went to banks. Tens of billions more went to other companies... But once the money left the building, the government lost all track of it. The Treasury Department knew where it had sent the money, but nothing about what was done with it. Did the money aid the recovery? Was it spent for the purposes Congress intended? Did it save banks from collapse? Paulson’s Treasury Department had no idea, and didn’t seem to care. It never required the banks to explain what they did with this unprecedented infusion of capital.
** [[Donald L. Barlett]] and [[James Steele (journalist)|James B. Steele]], ''[https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2009/10/bailout200910-2 Where has the Bailout Money Gone? Good Billions After Bad]'', 27 September 2009, ''[[w:Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]''

* One of the most prevalent ideological mantras of [[w:Western world|Western]] [[capitalism]] is that the [[market]] should rule. But as the [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|latest health]] and [[2020 stock market crash|economic crises]] demonstrate, [[Bourgeoisie|capitalists]] soon forget their worship of the market when times get tough. They scream [[Corporate welfare|for government money]], and plenty of it. It turns out that “the market” is fine when it comes to whipping [[Working class|workers]] to accept [[w:Wage slavery#Lower wages|lower wages]], but when it comes to lower [[profit]]s, the market can go hang. [...] Faced with the [[w:Economic collapse|collapse]] of the capitalist economy, for the second time in a dozen years, with massive bankruptcies on the table and the [[stock market]] plunging by more than 30 percent and more to come, fervent advocates of the free market are now embracing [[w:Economic intervention|government intervention]] to save their skins. [...] Governments around the world are now laying out money on things that just weeks ago they would have attacked as unaffordable. [...] It’s not that governments have suddenly discovered a big pot of [[gold]] in the basement of the {{w|central banks}}. They say that they are taking these measures to both protect {{w|public health}} and to save the [[economy]]. But it’s obvious which takes priority. The new measures constitute the largest bailout bonanza in world history, carried out through state-administered transfers of public wealth and current and future [[debt]] to [[billionaires]] and {{w|big business}}: [[w:Socialization (Marxism)|socialisation]] of losses, [[privatisation]] of profits. The outcome will be to further transfer, consolidate and [[w:Economic inequality#Wealth concentration|concentrate wealth]], just as has occurred since the [[Financial crisis of 2007–08|GFC]]. While there is discussion about small handouts, nothing serious is being proposed to halt the mass [[layoffs]] now gathering steam.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* The rescue plan is better than nothing. It offers limited relief to some of those who desperately need it, and contains an ample fund to help the truly vulnerable: the piteous corporations flocking to the nanny state, hat in hand, hiding their copies of Ayn Rand and pleading once again for rescue by the public after having spent the glory years amassing vast profits and magnifying them with an orgy of stock buybacks. But no need to worry. The slush fund will be monitored by Trump and his Treasury Secretary, who can be trusted to be fair and just. And if they decide to disregard the demands of the new inspector-general and Congress, who is going to do anything about it? Barr’s Justice Department? Impeachment?
** [[Noam Chomsky]], interviewed in ''[https://truthout.org/articles/chomsky-ventilator-shortage-exposes-the-cruelty-of-neoliberal-capitalism/ Chomsky: Ventilator Shortage Exposes the Cruelty of Neoliberal Capitalism]'' (April 1, 2020) by C.J. Polychroniou, ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* At the very least, the regular practice of public bailout out of the corporate sector should require stiff enforcement of a ban on stock buybacks, meaningful worker participation in management, an end to the scandalous protectionist measures of the mislabeled "free trade agreements" that guarantee huge profits for Big Pharma while raising drug prices far beyond what they would be under rational arrangements. At least.
** [[Noam Chomsky]], ''[https://truthout.org/articles/chomsky-ventilator-shortage-exposes-the-cruelty-of-neoliberal-capitalism/ Chomsky: Ventilator Shortage Exposes the Cruelty of Neoliberal Capitalism]'' (April 1, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented [[w:Global health|global]] [[W:Health crisis|health]], social and economic crisis. Historical comparisons are few, particularly in recent decades. This tragedy constitutes nothing less than a trial for all [[humanity]]. [...] The pandemic, in other words, is now testing the capacity of our [[w:Political system|political]] and [[economic systems]] to cope with a global problem situated at the level of our [[individual]] [[interdependence]], which is to say at the very foundation of our social life. [...] We equally depend on the state [[Corporate welfare|to help businesses]] of all sizes endure this trial by providing them with the financial assistance and guaranteed [[loan]]s they require in order to avoid [[bankruptcy]] and retain as much of their {{w|workforce}} as possible. States no longer have any qualms about [[Government spending|spending]] without limits in order to save the economy ⁠— "whatever it takes!" ⁠— while just weeks ago states opposed any request to increase [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Health workers|hospital staff]], [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Intensive care beds|hospital beds]], or emergency services, out of its obsessive concern for [[w:Budget constraint|budgetary constraint]] and limiting the [[public debt]].
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

*'''Bail out [[the people]], not the [[corporations]]. Bail out the living world, not its destroyers. Let’s not waste our second chance.'''
**[[George Monbiot]], [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/29/airlines-oil-giants-government-economy Airlines and oil giants are on the brink. No government should offer them a lifeline,] [[w:The Guardian|The Guardian]], (29 April 2020)

*So let me get this straight: Extending additional unemployment benefits to out-of-work Americans during a pandemic will make them lazy and lead to socialism, but trillions in bailouts to Wall St. bankers and corporate execs is good for the economy?
**[[Robert Reich]], [https://twitter.com/RBReich/status/1279935180120129537 Twitter,] (5 Jul 2020)

*The [[Banking|banks]] have said, leave us deregulated, we know how to run things, don't put government in to meddle. Then with that freedom of maneuver they took huge gambles, and even made illegal actions, and then broke the world system. As soon as that happened then they rushed out to say 'bail us out, bail us out, if you don't bail us out, we're too big to fail, you have to save us'. As soon as that happened, they said 'oh, don't regulate us, we know what to do'. And they almost went back to their old story, and the public is standing there, amazed, because we just bailed you out how can you be paying yourself billions of dollars of bonuses again? And the bankers say, 'well we deserve it, what's your problem'? And the problem that the Occupy Wall Street and other protesters have is: you don't deserve it, you nearly broke the system, you gamed the economy, you're paying mega fines, yet you're still in the White House you're going to the state dinners, you're paying yourself huge bonuses, what kind of system is this?
** [[Jeffrey Sachs]] in [https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/talktojazeera/2011/12/2011121074125944352.html Jeffrey Sachs: 'That's not a free market, that's a game'], ''Al Jazeera'', 11 Dec 2011

*When I talk about this in the United States, I'm often attacked, 'oh, you don't believe in the free market economy', I say, how much free market can there be? You say deregulate, the moment the [[Banking|banks]] get in trouble, you say bail them out, the moment you bail them out, you say go back to deregulation. That's not a free market, that's a game, and we have to get out of the game. We have to get back to grown-up behaviour. ... There is a lot of greed and there's very little accountability... One wonders in the United States sometime whether the government is regulating the banks, or are the banks determining government policy?... Why have the politicians protected them all along? You know why? Very simple. They pay for the politicians.
** [[Jeffrey Sachs]] in [https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/talktojazeera/2011/12/2011121074125944352.html Jeffrey Sachs: 'That's not a free market, that's a game'], ''Al Jazeera'', 11 Dec 2011

*It’s mid-October, and the Wall Street bailout that was supposed to save the economy from collapse is a flop... Senate passage came on Thursday, Oct. 2...President Bush signed the $700 billion Wall Street bailout into law... Despite all the media hype about how the bailout measure would quickly steady the stock market, it fell and kept falling. Over the next week, ending Oct. 10, the Dow made history as stocks plunged by 18 percent in five trading days. And what about the ostensible main reason for the humongous bailout in the first place — unfreezing the credit markets? Well, in spite of the enormous media outcry for the bailout to get credit flowing, it didn’t. And the key economic factor in the recession — housing — remained just as stuck as before.
**[[Norman Solomon]], [https://www.counterpunch.org/2008/10/13/requiem-for-the-bailout/ Requiem for the Bailout], ''CounterPunch'', 13 October 2008

*As the [[w:Institute for Policy Studies|Institute for Policy Studies]] pointed out on Oct. 1, "A real 'bailout' would target the troubled households of working American families. A $200 billion ‘Main Street Stimulus Package' could bolster the real economy and those left vulnerable by the subprime mortgage meltdown." Components of such a stimulus package could include "a $130 billion annual investment in [[renewable energy]] to stimulate good jobs anchored in local economies and reduce our dependency on oil" — and "a $50 billion outlay to help keep people in foreclosed homes through refinancing and creating new homeownership and housing opportunities” — and "a $20 billion aid package to states to address the squeeze on state and local government services that declining tax revenues are now forcing." But that kind of discourse for grassroots economic stimulus hasn’t gotten into the [[Mainstream media|media]] storyline...
**[[Norman Solomon]], [https://www.counterpunch.org/2008/10/13/requiem-for-the-bailout/ Requiem for the Bailout], ''CounterPunch'', 13 October 2008

==See also==
* [[Capitalism]]
* [[Corporate welfare]]
*[[Democracy]]
*[[Economic inequality]]
*[[Lobbying]]
* [[Oligarchy]]
*[[Plutocracy]]
*[[Redistribution of income and wealth]]
*[[Rigged election|Rigged elections]]
*[[Sharing]]
* [[Social inequality]]
* [[Social justice]]
* [[Stock market crash]]
* [[Totalitarianism]]
* [[Tyranny]]

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}
{{Wiktionary|bailout}}

[[Category:Economics]]
[[Category:Government]]

General strike

2020-10-19T15:47:52Z

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[[File:Juvenalcrowned.gif|thumb|The poor were wise, who, by the rich [[oppression|oppressed]], withdrew, and sought a [[w:First secessio plebis|secret place of rest]]. ~ [[Juvenal]]]]
[[File:Engels 1856.jpg|thumb|A general strike is the lever employed by which the social revolution is started. One fine morning all the workers in all the industries of a country, or even of the whole world, stop work, thus forcing the propertied classes either humbly to submit within four weeks at the most, or to attack the workers, who would then have the right to defend themselves. ~ [[Friedrich Engels]]]]
[[File:Ludwig von Mises.jpg|thumb|No social co-operation under the division of labour is possible when some people or unions of people are granted the right to prevent by violence and the threat of violence other people from working. When enforced by violence, a strike in vital branches of production or a general strike are tantamount to a revolutionary destruction of society. ~ [[Ludwig von Mises]]]]
A '''[[w:General strike|general strike]]''' (or '''[[w:General strike|mass strike]]''') is a [[strike action]] in which a substantial proportion of the total [[labor]] force in a city, region, or country participates.

== Quotes ==
* In the [[Mikhail Bakunin|Bakuninst]] program a general strike is the lever employed by which the social revolution is started. One fine morning all the workers in all the industries of a country, or even of the whole world, stop work, thus forcing the propertied classes either humbly to submit within four weeks at the most, or to attack the workers, who would then have the right to defend themselves and use this opportunity to pull down the entire old society.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''The [[Mikhail Bakunin|Bakuninsts]] at Work'' (1873)

* Great importance was also attached to the general strike at the Geneva Congress of the Alliance held September 1, 1873, although it was universally admitted that this required a well-formed organization of the working class and plentiful funds. And there's the rub. ... The governments, especially if encouraged by political abstention, will never allow the organization or the funds of the workers to reach such a level.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''The [[Mikhail Bakunin|Bakuninsts]] at Work'' (1873)

* Here’s to the [[w:Anti-austerity movement in Greece|Greeks]]. They know what to do when corporations pillage and loot their country. They know what to do when [[w:Goldman Sachs|Goldman Sachs]] and international bankers collude with their power elite to falsify economic data and then make billions betting that the Greek economy will collapse. They know what to do when they are told their pensions, benefits and jobs have to be cut to pay corporate banks, which screwed them in the first place. Call a general strike. [[Riot]]. Shut down the city centers. Toss the bastards out. Do not be afraid of the language of [[w:Class conflict|class warfare]]—the rich versus the poor, the [[Oligarchy|oligarchs]] versus the citizens, the [[Capital|capitalists]] versus the [[proletariat]]. The Greeks, unlike most of us, get it.
** [[Chris Hedges]], "The Greeks Get It," truthdig.com, May 21, 2010

* The poor were wise, who, by the rich [[oppression|oppressed]],
:Withdrew, and sought a secret place of rest.
:* [[Juvenal]], Satire III, [[John Dryden|J. Dryden]], trans.
::*The “Secret place of rest” is [[w:Monte Sacro|Mons Sacer]], where the plebeians hid after [[Secessio plebis|seceding]] from the [[w:Roman Empire|Roman Empire]] in 495 BC

* [[Leftists]] have sometimes romanticised the [[w:Wildcat strike|wildcat]] as the authentic expression of the workers’ will, an act that developed spontaneously out of the workers’ resistance to the boss. Some see it as the harbinger of the general strike that will overthrow [[capitalism]] and bring the workers to power.
** [[Dan La Botz]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7096 Wildcat strikes across the US as pandemic spreads]'', 1 April 2020, ''Red Flag''

* "It was military might, not pacifism, that defeated Hitler". Not exactly. Examples abound, both large and small, in Denmark, Holland, Norway, France, and elsewhere, in which nonviolent resistance defied the Nazi onslaught. In those places, [[w:Gene Sharp|Gene Sharp]] writes in ''The Politics of Nonviolent Action'', “patriots resisted their Nazi overlords and internal puppets by such weapons as underground newspapers, labor slowdowns, general strikes, refusal of collaboration, special boycotts of German troops and quislings, and non-cooperation with fascist controls and efforts to restructure their societies’ institutions.” The defiance tended to be hastily organized and was not widespread. If the opposite were true—if Hitler had been resisted in the late 1920s and the early 1930s, not the early 1940s, and in more places—the war’s death toll might have been much lower.
** [[w:Colman McCarthy|Colman McCarthy]], "Fighting Fire with Water", ''[[w:The Progressive|The Progressive]]'', February 2011

*No social co-operation under the [[division of labour]] is possible when some people or unions of people are granted the right to prevent by violence and the threat of violence other people from working. When enforced by violence, a strike in vital branches of production or a general strike are tantamount to a revolutionary destruction of society.
** [[Ludwig von Mises]], 1947 epilogue to ''Socialism''

* He who advises a sick man, whose manner of life is prejudicial to health, is clearly bound first of all to change his patient’s manner of life, and if the patient is willing to obey him, he may go on to give him other advice. But if he is not willing, I shall consider one who declines to advise such a patient to be a man and a physician, and one who gives in to him to be unmanly and unprofessional. In the same way with regard to a State, whether it be under a single ruler or more than one, if, while the government is being carried on methodically and in a right course, it asks advice about any details of policy, it is the part of a wise man to advise such people. But when men are travelling altogether outside the path of right government and flatly refuse to move in the right path, and start by giving notice to their adviser that he must leave the government alone and make no change in it under penalty of death—if such men should order their counselors to pander to their wishes and desires and to advise them in what way their object may most readily and easily be once for all accomplished, I should consider as unmanly one who accepts the duty of giving such forms of advice, and one who refuses it to be a true man.
** [[Plato]], Seventh Letter

* Similar though [[Karl Marx|Marx]] and [[Henry David Thoreau|Thoreau]] may be in their accounts of the consequences of living in a society defined by money, their suggestions for how to respond to it are poles apart. Forget the Party. Forget the revolution. Forget the general strike. Forget the proletariat as an abstract class of human interest. Thoreau's revolution begins not with discovering comrades to be yoked together in solidarity but with the embrace of solitude.
** [[Curtis White]], “The spirit of disobedience: An invitation to resistance,” ''Harper’s Magazine'', April 2006, pp. 37-38

== See also ==
* [[Civil disobedience]]
* [[Labor]]
* [[Labor unions]]
* [[Nonviolent resistance]]
* [[Refusal of work]]
* [[Strike action]]
* [[Wage slavery]]

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}

[[Category:Labor]]

Strikes during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020-10-19T15:47:50Z

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'''[[w:Strikes during the COVID-19 pandemic|Strikes occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic]]''' due to many factors including: hazard pay or low pay, unsafe working conditions (due to poor [[social distancing]] or a lack of {{w|personal protective equipment}}), inability to pay rent.

==Quotes==

* In the face of the [[COVID-19 pandemic|COVID-19 tsunami]], our lives are changing in ways that were inconceivable just a few short weeks ago. Not since the [[Financial crisis of 2007–08|2008–9 economic collapse]] has the world collectively shared an experience of this kind: a single, rapidly mutating global [[crisis]], structuring the rhythm of our daily lives within a complex calculus of risk and competing probabilities. In response, numerous [[social movement]]s have put forward demands that take seriously the potentially disastrous [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics|consequences]] of [[SARS-CoV-2|the virus]], while also tackling [[w:National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic|the incapacity]] of [[capitalist]] governments to adequately [[w:Crisis management|address the crisis]] itself. These demands include questions of [[w:Workplace safety|worker safety]], the necessity of [[w:Community organizing|neighborhood-level organizing]], {{w|income}} and [[social security]], the [[w:Labor rights|rights]] of those on {{w|zero-hour contract}}s or in [[w:Precarious work|precarious employment]], and the need to protect renters and those living in [[poverty]].
** [[Adam Hanieh]], [https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such "This is a Global Pandemic – Let's Treat it as Such"] (27 March 2020), ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* Across the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|United States]], we are seeing workers walk off the job in [[w:Wildcat strike action|wildcat strikes]] in response to the employers' failure either to shut down the workplace or [[w:Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19|to make it safe]]. The [[Strike action|strikes]] are too few to call them a strike wave, but '''we should be aware that on their own initiative [[w:Working class in the United States|workers]] are taking what practically is the most powerful action they can: withdrawing their labour.''' The strikes are taking place in both the [[w:Private sector|private]] and {{w|public sector}}, in both [[w:Labor unions in the United States|unionised]] and non-union {{w|workplace}}s large and small.
** [[Dan La Botz]], [https://redflag.org.au/node/7096 "Wildcat strikes across the US as pandemic spreads"] (1 April 2020), ''Red Flag''

* For 150 years, workers have struck over [[w:Occupational safety and health|safety and health]] in myriad industries, most memorably in the twentieth century the [[w:List of miners' strikes|miners' strike]] over [[w:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis|black lung]]. But we have not seen anything exactly like this before – wildcat strikes over health and safety in response to an epidemic, with workers making strong demands on the employers and sometimes winning. And these strikes are taking place in the midst of politicians' ignorant and sometimes [[w:Misinformation related to the COVID-19 pandemic|deceitful statements]] and [[w:National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic#United States|government failures]] at all levels. Consequently, these strikes – even when only directed at a particular employer – have not only an economic but also a political character. We're now seeing such strikes in a variety of industries in several states.
** [[Dan La Botz]], [https://redflag.org.au/node/7096 "Wildcat strikes across the US as pandemic spreads"] (1 April 2020), ''Red Flag''

* Surely there must be other such strikes and [[sit-ins]] that haven't been covered by [[w:News media in the United States|the press]], and we know there are many other protests by all sorts of workers, particularly important among them [[teachers]] and [[w:Nursing in the United States|nurses]], though we do not include those in this discussion, important as they are. The wildcat strike holds a particular place in the [[Labor history of the United States|history]] and theory of the [[labour movement]], as well as today reaction to the bosses and [[Federal government of the United States|the government]] during the [[COVID-19 pandemic|coronavirus pandemic]]. We notice that these strikes involve both highly [[w:Skilled worker|skilled]] and [[w:Personal income in the United States|highly paid]] workers – such as those at the {{w|General Dynamics}}' [[w:Bath Iron Works|Bath shipyard]] – and also lower paid workers such as those at the [[w:Perdue Farms|Purdue chicken]] processing plant in [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] and the bar and restaurant in [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Portland, Oregon|Portland]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Oregon|Oregon]]. One can make the case that [[African Americans|black]] workers – [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Pennsylvania|Pittsburgh]] sanitation, Kathleen, Georgia, Purdue chick, and [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Tennessee|Memphis]] Teamsters – play a leading role in the strikes. Yet workers at Bath shipyard are overwhelmingly [[w:White Americans|white]], while autoworkers are black, [[w:Arab Americans|Arab]], white and [[w:Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino]], and GE's Lynn jet engine plant also has a racially mixed workforce. No doubt workers of all genders can be found in these protest, and we hear both men and [[w:Women in the United States|women]] giving voice to the workers' concerns. While the central demands are about workers' health, we can see that already they begin to raise demands about [[w:Wage#Wages in the United States|wages]], [[w:Employee benefits|benefits]] and [[w:Labor rights#Workplace conditions|working conditions]], as well as [[w:Job security#In the United States|job security]].
** [[Dan La Botz]], [https://redflag.org.au/node/7096 "Wildcat strikes across the US as pandemic spreads"] (1 April 2020), ''Red Flag''

* Of course, the top priority now is to put public health and safety first. To that end, employees across the country are now thinking about refusing to obey orders to work in [[w:Occupational safety and health|unsafe job conditions]]. U.S. capitalism has thus placed a [[general strike]] on today's social agenda. A close second priority is to learn from capitalism's failure in the face of the pandemic. We must not suffer such a dangerous and unnecessary social breakdown again. Thus system change is now also moving onto today's social agenda.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], [https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ "COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism"] (6 April 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''

==External links==
{{Wikipedia}}
* [https://paydayreport.com/covid-19-strike-wave-interactive-map/ interactive strike map in the United States]

[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic]]
[[Category:Labor]]

COVID-19 recession

2020-10-19T15:46:33Z

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The '''{{w|coronavirus recession}}''', also known as the '''Great Lockdown''' or the '''Great Shutdown''', is a severe and ongoing global [[recession]]. An [[w:Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic|economic consequence]] of the ongoing [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the first major sign of the coronavirus recession was the {{w|2020 stock market crash}} on 20 February.

==Quotes==
* The [[w:Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India|economy has collapsed]] due to this unprecedented challenge of [[Covid-19]]. The worst sufferers are the [[w:Informal economy|informal sector]] [[Labour in India|workers]], daily [[w:Salary#India|wagers]] and the [[Poverty in India|poor]]. We need a complete reboot of our [[Economy of India|economy]] and we must ensure that at least now we use this as an opportunity and build an [[w:Sustainability and environmental management|environmentally sustainable model]] which is human economy, ensuring [[living wage]]s to all and not perpetuating and furthering [[inequality]].
** [[Amitabh Behar]], as quoted in ''[https://www.news18.com/news/opinion/covid-19-exposed-indias-apathy-towards-its-migrants-only-social-financial-security-will-ensure-their-return-2623703.html Covid-19 Exposed India’s Apathy Towards its Migrants. Only Social, Financial Security Will Ensure Their Return]'' (May 17, 2020) by Naushad Khan, ''{{w|News18 India}}''

* [[Laissez-faire|Capitalists preach "the market"]] for the [[working class]] – stand on your own two feet, don't rely [[w:Economic interventionism|on the government]] – but themselves sponge off the [[public]] big time. Just look at the billions in [[w:Energy subsidy|subsidies]] and [[w:Tax incentive|tax concessions]] the [[w:Fossil fuel#Industry|fossil fuel companies]], huge enterprises for the most part, extract from state and federal governments [[w:Energy policy of Australia#Fossil fuels|in Australia]]. [[w:Automotive industry in Australia|The vehicle manufacturers]] raked in hundreds of millions a year from the {{w|Australian government}} for decades until deciding it wasn't enough and went overseas. This is why [[w:Big business|big companies]] and [[industry]] groups hire armies of [[Revolving door (politics)|former politicians to lobby]] on their behalf in the offices of [[w:Premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories|premiers]] and [[w:Prime Minister of Australia|prime ministers]] – '''there's money in government coffers and they want it. And while the capitalists talk about "the market" setting [[wages]] for workers, in reality, they don't really allow the market to do the job. They use the whole apparatus of [[Oppression|state repression]], the [[w:Labor court|industrial tribunals]], the [[police]], the courts to suppress [[w:Labor rights|workers]]' [[Freedom of association|rights to organise]] to pursue their demands. But when a [[w:Financial crisis|crisis]] hits all the bullshit about the market is thrown to the winds. And that is just what we are seeing now. Faced with the [[w:Economic collapse|collapse]] of the [[capitalist]] economy, for the second time in a dozen years, with massive bankruptcies on the table and the [[stock market]] plunging by more than 30 percent and more to come, fervent advocates of the free market are now embracing government intervention to save their skins.'''
** [[Tom Bramble]], [https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 "Everyone's a socialist in a crisis"] (21 March 2020), ''Red Flag''

* {{w|The Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry}} is urging the federal government to provide wage subsidies to workers, equivalent in value to Newstart to all businesses experiencing a sharp downturn. It is also asking the government to provide [[w:Loan#Concessional|concessional loans]] of up to half a million dollars, with 80 percent of the [[debt]] guaranteed by government, as well as wage subsidies to cover [[w:Sick leave#Australia|sick leave]] entitlements. Nothing but [[corporate welfare]] of a kind that they have long decried when applied to workers themselves. In the short term, working class households will get some benefits from this cash splash. In [[w:Social security in Australia|Australia welfare]] beneficiaries will be getting $750 in their bank accounts. [[Social programs in the United States|In the United States]] it is likely that Americans will receiving close to $1,000. But this is just short term relief to get the economy moving. The long term benefits will go to the capitalist [[w:Marxian class theory|class]] in the form of {{w|tax cuts}} and other financial concessions. '''The current crisis demonstrates not only that all the ideological nonsense about the virtues of the free market is quickly thrown overboard when capitalist interests are threatened, but also that the idea that governments are essentially powerless in the face of the markets is rubbish. Governments are not helpless victims who cannot do anything in the face of "economic reality". In the normal course of events, when we demand things like better welfare, health care or education, governments tell us that it isn't possible.'''
** [[Tom Bramble]], [https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 "Everyone's a socialist in a crisis"] (21 March 2020), ''Red Flag''

* It's not that governments have suddenly discovered a big pot of gold in the basement of the {{w|central bank}}s. They say that they are taking these measures to both protect {{w|public health}} and to save the economy. But it's obvious which takes priority. '''The new measures constitute the largest {{w|bailout}} bonanza in world history, carried out through state-administered transfers of public wealth and current and future debt to [[billionaires]] and big business: [[w:Socialization (Marxism)|socialisation]] of losses, [[privatisation]] of profits.''' The outcome will be to further transfer, consolidate and [[w:Economic inequality#Wealth concentration|concentrate wealth]], just as has occurred since the [[Great Depression|GFC]]. While there is discussion about small handouts, nothing serious is being proposed to halt the mass layoffs now gathering steam.
** [[Tom Bramble]], [https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 "Everyone's a socialist in a crisis"] (21 March 2020), ''Red Flag''

* In pretty much every spending package, subsidies to business, government loans and tax concessions account for two-thirds or more of the funds outlaid. Things that directly benefit workers – the big majority of the population – account for only one-third of the money.
** [[Tom Bramble]], [https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 "Everyone's a socialist in a crisis"] (21 March 2020), ''Red Flag''

* It turns out that these things, too, can be done. So, in an economic emergency, few of the usual rules apply. Governments can marshal the resources and can threaten the narrow interests of [[w:Privately held company|private businesses]]. Hardcore [[w:Right-libertarianism|libertarians]] despise these measures as rampant [[socialism]]. From their perspective, they're right: the very existence of such programs is condemnation of the free market capitalist model that they promote. But they are best seen only as another approach to the management of the capitalist economy. The fact that governments across the {{w|OECD}} are now prepared to spend trillions of dollar to save the {{w|financial system}} from collapse only confirms that the [[world economy]] cannot be left safely in the hands of "the market". And, '''the situation clearly confirms that when the capitalist class and governments deem it necessary to save their system, lots of measures they once denounced as "unaffordable", not permitted by the condition of "the economy", are actually affordable and permitted. Governments can act when required. The ideological justifications of yesterday are revealed as threadbare. But nor are government interventions of this nature geared towards the interests of the working class, only the interests of the bosses.'''
** [[Tom Bramble]], [https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 "Everyone's a socialist in a crisis"] (21 March 2020), ''Red Flag''

* The Tories have proposed a huge economic package [[Corporate welfare|to help companies]], but their support for [[w:Social class in the United Kingdom#Working class|working people]] sacked, laid off, or forced to self-isolate is pitiful. [...] Millions will find themselves with no [[w:Income in the United Kingdom|income]]. When they try to claim [[w:Employee benefits|benefits]], they will find in place a ruthless regime of cuts, sanctions and suicidal despair — another achievement of [[w:United Kingdom government austerity programme|Tory austerity]]. The most that Johnson has said about this so far is that claimants will not need to attend job-centre interviews any more. And what of [[w:Government spending in the United Kingdom|expenditure]]? There is vague talk of a "[[w:Mortgage industry of the United Kingdom|mortgage]] holiday" and even vaguer talk of [[w:Housing in the United Kingdom#Renting|renters]] not being evicted during the crisis. But no talk of all the other payments that should be suspended, including, of course, utilities bills and other fixed household charges. Meanwhile, the profiteers are [[w:Price gouging|marking up the prices on goods]] in short supply — hand sanitiser, paracetemol, toilet roll, etc — and, needless to say, the Tories have done absolutely nothing to control prices. In any case, there is no evidence that the Tories have any intention of doing any of the things they say they will do. The "do everything necessary" rhetoric is bullshit. It’s just a mantra to hide the absence of concrete action and any enforcement mechanism. This can only get much worse, as the entire world economy nosedives, millions more are laid off, and we enter a period of catastrophic {{w|social breakdown}} comparable with the [[Great Depression]]. The Tories know this is coming. They are preparing for it.
** [[Neil Faulkner (archaeologist)|Neil Faulkner]], ''[https://www.timetomutiny.org/post/mass-deaths-mass-poverty-mass-repression Mass Deaths, Mass Poverty, Mass Repression]'', co-written with Phil Hearse, 20 March 2020, ''Mutiny''

* In the immediate period, millions in the {{w|hospitality industry}}, in [[w:Leisure industry|leisure]] and [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism|tourism]], in [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on retail|retail]] and services, and in [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aviation|aviation]] are being laid off without pay or fired outright. But the entire edifice of global finance is crumbling and we could easily see a generalised {{w|economic collapse}} across the entire system. Talk of the irrationality of [[capitalism]] is [[w:Criticism of capitalism|being posted]] everywhere. Extensive industrial collapse could create millions of unemployed. A banking collapse would impoverish millions more at a stroke. This is what the government's [[authoritarian]] new bill is preparing for — a repetition in Britain and on a global scale of the kind of economic and {{w|social collapse}} that happened in [[w:1998–2002 Argentine great depression|Argentina in 2001–2]], when most working-class and middle-class people lost [[w:Corralito|all their savings]] and millions lost their jobs. Mass social and political anger could shake the system to its foundations, and those in power are preparing for emergency measures against radical "{{w|subversives}}" — [[w:British Left|left-wing]] activists, [[trade unionists]], social activists — liable to lead mass [[Resistance movement|resistance]]. This, it seems, could take the form of mass detention without trial.
** [[Neil Faulkner (archaeologist)|Neil Faulkner]], ''[https://www.timetomutiny.org/post/mass-deaths-mass-poverty-mass-repression Mass Deaths, Mass Poverty, Mass Repression]'', co-written with Phil Hearse, 20 March 2020, ''Mutiny''

* The imminent public health crisis facing [[Developing countries|poorer countries]] as a consequence of COVID-19 will be further deepened by an associated global economic downturn that is almost certain to exceed the [[Great Recession|scale of 2008]]. It is too early to predict the depth of this slump, but many leading financial institutions are expecting this to be the worst [[recession]] in living memory. [...] Closely connected to this are the [[w:Great Recession#Policy responses|measures]] put in place by governments and {{w|central bank}}s since 2008, most notably the policies of {{w|quantitative easing}} and repeated {{w|interest-rate}} cuts. These [[w:Economic policy|policies]] aimed at propping up {{w|share price}}s through massively increasing the [[w:Money supply|supply]] of [[w:Easy money policy|ultra-cheap money]] to [[financial markets]]. They meant a very significant growth in all forms of debt — [[w:Corporate bond|corporate]], [[Government debt|government]], and [[w:Household debt|household]].
** [[Adam Hanieh]], ''[https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such This is a Global Pandemic – Let’s Treat it as Such]'', 27 March 2020, ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* We are entering an alarming situation where many poorer countries will face increasingly burdensome debt repayments while simultaneously attempting to manage an unprecedented public health crisis – all in the context of a very deep global recession. And let us not harbor any illusions that these intersecting crises might bring an end to {{w|structural adjustment}} or the emergence of some kind of "global [[social democracy]]." As we have repeatedly seen over the last decade, capital frequently seizes moments of crisis as a moment of opportunity — a chance to implement radical change that was previously blocked or appeared impossible.
** [[Adam Hanieh]], ''[https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such This is a Global Pandemic – Let’s Treat it as Such]'', 27 March 2020, ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* Let's be clear: what's happening right now is the economic and financial equivalent of 9/11 and the Financial Crash rolled into one. And what's fast coming down the track could make even the [[Great Depression]] look like a stroll through the park. A total and complete shutdown of vast sections of the economy, indefinitely, with mass unemployment possibly around the corner.
**[[w:Mehdi Hasan|Mehdi Hasan]] in [https://theintercept.com/2020/03/20/deconstructed-podcast-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-coronavirus-economy/ "How to Save the U.S. Economy, with Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Stephanie Kelton"] (23 March 2020), ''{{w|The Intercept}}''

* As the coronavirus epidemic stretches on, working people are facing an economic collapse, the likes of which have not been seen since the Great Depression. Organizing to fight for an immediate ban on all layoffs has to be an essential part of any program to protect the working class and to make the capitalist's pay for their crisis.
** [[James Dennis Hoff]], [https://www.leftvoice.org/freeze-layoffs-make-the-capitalists-pay "Freeze Layoffs: Make the Capitalists Pay"] (23 March 2020), ''Left Voice''

* Working people are facing what could be the biggest [[w:Unemployment in the United States|unemployment]] crisis since the [[w:Great Recession in the United States#Rise in unemployment|Great Depression]]. As states and cities across the country continue to shut down schools, libraries, restaurants, bars, and other non-essential services in order to stop the spread of the coronavirus, hundreds of thousands of [[w:Labor force in the United States|workers]] have already lost their jobs, and millions more will soon follow. While restaurant, theatre, hotel and hospitality workers have been some of the first to see massive layoffs, huge losses in travel, retail, and oil drilling and extraction industries are also expected, as more and more people are quarantined. [...] Such job losses would mean dire [[Poverty in the United States|poverty]] for huge sections of the working class.
** [[James Dennis Hoff]], [https://www.leftvoice.org/freeze-layoffs-make-the-capitalists-pay "Freeze Layoffs: Make the Capitalists Pay"] (23 March 2020), ''Left Voice''

* Unfortunately, despite calls from [[w:Progressivism in the United States|progressives]] like [[Bernie Sanders|Sanders]] and [[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez|AOC]], the [[U.S. government]] has so far done little to address the problem of layoffs and unemployment; and even limited proposals, such as universal paid {{w|sick leave}} and [[w:Notgeld|emergency cash payments]], have been met with [[w:Obstructionism#In politics|obstruction]] by [[Republican Party (United States)|Republicans]] and [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]]. While such government measures are important and necessary, they are clearly not enough. '''Confronting this crisis ultimately means [[w:Anti-capitalism|confronting capitalism]], and that means directly resisting these layoffs, since layoffs are always the first weapon used against working people in moments of {{w|economic crisis}}. {{w|Big business}}es and [[corporations]] that have benefited from years of [[economic growth]] (not to mention the massive {{w|surplus value}} of [[w:Labor theory of value|workers' labor]]) owe [[w:Employment#United States|employees]] and their [[w:Family structure in the United States|families]] a huge debt and it's time to pay up. In order to make this happen, working people must [[Labor movement|organize]] for and demand: 1. An immediate ban on all layoffs. 2. Full wages for all employees, whether they are working during the crisis or not. And 3. A redistribution of [[w:Working time|working hours]] among currently unemployed workers (including [[w:Migrant worker#United States|undocumented]] and {{w|precarious worker}}s) so that no one is denied the essential [[w:Right to work|right to employment]].''' Any company that cannot or will not comply with these demands should be [[w:Nationalization|nationalized]] under [[w:Organizational self-management|workers' control]] or [[w:Nationalization#Expropriation|expropriated]] directly by the workers themselves. Wherever possible the [[w:Capital (economics)|capital]] of these companies should also be immediately put to the service of solving the current economic and {{w|health crisis}} and providing for the full needs of the working class. Sitting by and allowing companies to layoff workers, on the other hand, expecting that the crisis can be solved with an expansion of the existing [[w:Social safety net|safety net]], or direct cash payments, would be a huge mistake and would only weaken the [[w:Power (social and political)|power]] of the working class and ultimately strengthen the power of capital.
** [[James Dennis Hoff]], [https://www.leftvoice.org/freeze-layoffs-make-the-capitalists-pay "Freeze Layoffs: Make the Capitalists Pay"] (23 March 2020), ''Left Voice''

* While capitalists and their paid politicians will scoff at these demands, claiming they are economically infeasible or impossible, this is because they only understand the language of profit and cannot imagine a world run for the [[Common good|benefit of all]]. Nonetheless, the fact remains that capital has significant resources that could and must be made available to all working people. Most major corporations such as [[w:Amazon (company)|Amazon]], {{w|Walmart}}, [[w:The Walt Disney Company|Disney]], [[w:Delta Air Lines|Delta]], [[w:General Motors|GM]], etc., have enough reserves and more than enough credit to continue to pay their employees the full amount of their wages for the length of the health crisis. Therefore, in the case of [[w:Privately held company|private corporations]], working people must demand that the federal government make any future market aid contingent upon a wholesale indefinite ban on all layoffs, with full wages and continued [[w:Employee benefits|benefits]] for all employees, whether they are working or not. States must likewise make all operating licenses for private companies and corporations contingent upon the same demand. Industries that refuse, particularly health, transportation, and manufacturing industries should immediately be subject to nationalization under workers' control.
** [[James Dennis Hoff]], [https://www.leftvoice.org/freeze-layoffs-make-the-capitalists-pay "Freeze Layoffs: Make the Capitalists Pay"] (23 March 2020), ''Left Voice''

* '''Of course, working people ultimately cannot rely upon the federal government or the state governments (whose purpose is to maintain the [[hegemony]] of the markets and the rule of capital) to fix this crisis in any [[equitable]] way. Only the working class has the power to make this happen through {{w|mass strike}}s and work actions. In order to act swiftly in the case of any layoffs, [[w:Lockout (industry)|lockouts]], or [[w:Shutdown (economics)|shutdowns]], working people ultimately must organize themselves at their {{w|workplace}}s and in the streets, whether they are in a [[w:Labor unions in the United States|union]] or not, and be prepared to use their [[w:Collective action|collective power to demand]] that all necessary resources be employed for the well being of the whole class with full compensation and benefits, that full back pay be provided to all workers upon returning to work, and that everyone has access to well compensated employment.'''
** [[James Dennis Hoff]], [https://www.leftvoice.org/freeze-layoffs-make-the-capitalists-pay "Freeze Layoffs: Make the Capitalists Pay"] (23 March 2020), ''Left Voice''

* The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented [[w:Global health|global]] [[W:Health crisis|health]], social and economic crisis. [...] The pandemic, in other words, is now testing the capacity of our [[w:Political system|political]] and [[economic systems]] to cope with a global problem situated at the level of our [[individual]] [[interdependence]], which is to say at the very foundation of our social life. [...] We equally depend on the state [[Corporate welfare|to help businesses]] of all sizes endure this trial by providing them with the financial assistance and guaranteed [[loan]]s they require in order to avoid [[bankruptcy]] and retain as much of their {{w|workforce}} as possible. States no longer have any qualms about [[Government spending|spending]] without limits in order to save the economy ⁠— "whatever it takes!" ⁠— while just weeks ago states opposed any request to increase [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Health workers|hospital staff]], [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Intensive care beds|hospital beds]], or emergency services, out of its obsessive concern for [[w:Budget constraint|budgetary constraint]] and limiting the [[public debt]]. States have since rediscovered the virtues of [[w:Economic interventionism|interventionism]], at least when it comes to funding {{w|private enterprise}} and shoring up the {{w|financial system}}. One of the most ambitious stimulus plans to date has been implemented by [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Germany|Germany]]. Their plan constitutes an abrupt break with the {{w|ordoliberal}} dogmas that have been the norm since the beginning of the {{w|Federal Republic of Germany}}.
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic in Mainland China|In China]], the epidemic effectively paralyzed the country both [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics#China|politically]] and [[w:Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic#Mainland China|economically]]. Freezing [[w:Economy of China|economic]] production and trade has never been practiced on such a scale, and the outcome has been a very serious economic and financial crisis in China.
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* We are extremely [[skeptical]] of Macron's promise to be the first leader to question "our developmental model" after the crisis is over, and there are plenty of reasons to think that the drastic economic measures currently in place will eventually share the same fate as those enacted during the [[Financial crisis of 2007–2008|2008 economic crisis]]: we will likely see a concerted effort to "[[Status quo|return to normal]]" — i.e., return to our otherwise uninterrupted [[w:Human impact on the environment|destruction of the planet]] amidst increasingly conditions of [[social inequality]]. And we fear the enormous [[w:Stimulus (economics)|stimulus]] packages designed to "save the economy" will once again be [[w:Socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor|borne on the backs]] of the [[w:Working poor|lowest-paid workers]] and [[taxpayers]].
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* This is unlike almost any other shock that we have seen in how quickly everything has ground to a halt, not just in the stock market but in everyday lives. And I truly do not believe that there is an action we can consider right now that is too small. I certainly have not seen any proposal that I would say is too large for us to be considering right now...We have to examine why there wasn't political appetite to do more in 2008. And the reason for that was because there was a package that was entirely designed to favor corporations, to bail out [[Wall Street]] that was more concerned with stock prices than wages and the health of Wall Street than the actual healthcare system. And that's why there wasn't political appetite to do more because we passed out billions of dollars and then the CEOs came in flying in on their private jets, asking for more... Now is a very different time. If we focus our package on immediate bailouts for everyday people, making sure that we're issuing things like mortgage and rent and student loan debt moratoriums, making sure that we're getting cash into people's hands, ensuring the fact that if they have to go to the hospital, coronavirus related or not because as we know this can trigger a series of other health issues, that you will be financially okay. And that is the number one thing that we need to do right now.
**[[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]] in [https://theintercept.com/2020/03/20/deconstructed-podcast-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-coronavirus-economy/ "How to Save the U.S. Economy, with Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Stephanie Kelton"], (23 March 2020), ''{{w|The Intercept}}''

*We need to be introducing stabilizers to working families. And {{w|Katie Porter}} is absolutely right on the point of tax credits. You know, I think sometimes with all due respect to my colleagues, we get into this, you know, there's a lot of like this 90s wonkery going on where if we do a backdoor tax credit, oh, that's a clever way of helping people. But it doesn't address the core issue, which is that people are experiencing a shock right now. We need to get checks into people's hands. If you're concerned about it being means-based, tax it on the other end. Get everyone a check right now. And then if you want to make sure that the millionaire's don't get 1,000 bucks, do an extra, you know, tax them on the other end of that and make sure that they can't wriggle out of that.
**[[Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez]] in [https://theintercept.com/2020/03/20/deconstructed-podcast-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-coronavirus-economy/ "How to Save the U.S. Economy, with Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Stephanie Kelton"], (23 March 2020), ''{{w|The Intercept}}''

* Just as in [[Great Depression|the 1930s]], world [[capitalism]], as it had existed until then, had reached a dead-end, and the need for it to be altered for the sake of preserving the [[Economic system|system]] itself, was emphasised by many perceptive [[bourgeois]] thinkers, exactly in a similar manner [[w:Late capitalism|contemporary world capitalism]] too has reached a dead-end and cannot continue as before. [...] Any change in capitalism, however, including a revival of the so-called "{{w|welfare capitalism}}" of the {{w|post-War}} period, will entail a loosening of the [[hegemony]] of {{w|international finance}} [[capital]] and hence will face stiff opposition from it. The fact that the need for such change is clear to bourgeois thinkers, does not mean that finance capital will simply voluntarily make a sacrifice of the hegemony it currently enjoys. Indeed the history of the 1930s itself bears witness to this fact. [...] Any change in capitalism, however, including a revival of the so-called "{{w|welfare capitalism}}" of the {{w|post-War}} period, will entail a loosening of the [[hegemony]] of [[w:International economics|international]] {{w|finance capital}} and hence will face stiff opposition from it. The fact that the need for such change is clear to bourgeois thinkers, does not mean that finance capital will simply voluntarily make a sacrifice of the hegemony it currently enjoys. Indeed the history of the 1930s itself bears witness to this fact.
** [[Prabhat Patnaik]], ''[https://www.newsclick.in/Capitalism-COVID-19-Modi-Govt-Policies-Hindutva-Global-Economy-Neo-Liberalism The World At Crossroads]'', 29 May 2020, ''NewsClick''

* It is real-life [[class struggle]], informed no doubt by ideas, that ultimately determines which way the world will move. Hence even for altering contemporary capitalism in the direction of the so-called “welfare capitalism” of yore, it would be essential to have the working class fighting for such an [[w:Political agenda|agenda]]. But when it does so, and when international finance capital resists such an agenda, we would be in the thick of class struggle. Time alone will tell whether this struggle would remain merely at the level of achieving a revival of “welfare capitalism” or whether it would go [[w:Post-capitalism|beyond capitalism]] altogether towards a [[socialist]] alternative. Once class struggle, for changing the system in its present form, acquires momentum, its outcome would depend on [[w:Praxis (process)|praxis]] and may not necessarily remain bounded within the system itself.
** [[Prabhat Patnaik]], ''[https://www.newsclick.in/Capitalism-COVID-19-Modi-Govt-Policies-Hindutva-Global-Economy-Neo-Liberalism The World At Crossroads]'', 29 May 2020, ''NewsClick''

* The chief fearmonger of the [[Trump Administration]] is without a doubt [[Anthony Fauci]], head of the {{w|National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases}} at the {{w|National Institutes of Health}}. Fauci is all over the media, serving up outright falsehoods to stir up even more panic. He testified to Congress that the [[w:COVID-19 pandemic death rates by country|death rate]] for the coronavirus is ten times that of the seasonal flu, a claim without any scientific basis. On Face the Nation, Fauci did his best to further damage an already tanking economy by stating, "Right now, personally, myself, I wouldn't go to a restaurant." He has pushed for closing the entire country down for 14 days. Over what? A virus that has thus far killed just over 5,000 worldwide and less than 100 [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|in the United States]]? By contrast, [[tuberculosis]], an old disease not much discussed these days, killed nearly 1.6 million people in 2017. Where's the panic over this? If anything, what people like Fauci and the other fearmongers are demanding will likely make the disease worse. The martial law they dream about will leave people hunkered down inside their homes instead of going outdoors or to the beach where the sunshine and fresh air would help boost immunity. The panic produced by these fearmongers is likely helping spread the disease, as massive crowds rush into Walmart and Costco for that last roll of toilet paper. […] People should ask themselves whether this coronavirus "pandemic" could be a big hoax, with the actual danger of the disease massively exaggerated by those who seek to profit – financially or politically – from the ensuing panic. That is not to say the disease is harmless. Without question people will die from coronavirus. Those in vulnerable categories should take precautions to limit their risk of exposure. But we have seen this movie before. Government over-hypes a threat as an excuse to grab more of our freedoms. When the "threat" is over, however, they never give us our freedoms back.
** [[Ron Paul]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20200316154041/http:/ronpaulinstitute.org/archives/featured-articles/2020/march/16/the-coronavirus-hoax/ "The Coronavirus Hoax"] (16 March 2020), ''{{W|Ron Paul Institute for Peace and Prosperity}}''

*With nearly one-third of all Americans on government-enforced lockdown and the National Guard pouring into the streets, it's a good time to take stock of the coronavirus scare and the real nature of the threat. What is our most important investment as the markets crash?
**[[Ron Paul]], [http://www.ronpaullibertyreport.com/archives/whats-coronavirus-greatest-threat-whats-the-most-important-investment "What's Coronavirus' Greatest Threat? What's The Most Important Investment?"] (23 March 2020), ''Ron Paul Liberty Report''

* Donald Trump and his top [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] allies in [[w:115th United States Congress|Congress]] are fighting a war, and the battle lines have begun to clarify themselves. Their war is not being waged against COVID-19, the pandemic that has [[COVID-19 pandemic deaths|killed]] tens of thousands [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|in this nation]] alone. Their war is being waged against the nation itself, and specifically against areas of the nation that are heavy on [[w:Demographics of the United States|population]] but light on Trump supporters. In other words, the big-city [[w:Red states and blue states|blue states]], whose [[w:Governor (United States)|governors]] have refused to fawn over Trump's gibberish-flecked "leadership" during this crisis. Trump has been treating the delivery of [[w:U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic#Speculative proposals|federal aid]] to the states like his own personal {{w|spoils system}}: rewarding loyalty, punishing critics, and demanding to be praised for doing his job whenever he actually does it, but especially when he doesn't. The issue has come to a head as governors from both parties are screaming for desperately needed federal aid for their respective states. [[Congress of the United States|Congress]], particularly the Republican [[United States Senate|Senate]], has been dragging its feet over passing a bill to provide states-specific aid, because doing so would be an example of [[w:Economic interventionism|government working]] to help the people, and such a thing is ideologically unsound on [[Mitch McConnell|McConnell]]'s side of the aisle.
** [[William Rivers Pitt]], ''[https://truthout.org/articles/trump-and-mcconnell-arent-waging-war-on-covid-theyre-waging-war-on-us/ Trump and McConnell Aren’t Waging War on COVID. They’re Waging War on Us.]'' (April 28, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* The only reason [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Florida|Florida]] can claim to be living within its [[w:Government budget|budgetary]] means is by denying hundreds of thousands of [[w:Demographics of Florida|residents]], many in the {{w|service industry}}, clear access to the [[w:Unemployment benefits in the United States#2020 COVID-19 pandemic|unemployment compensation]] they desperately need. If you don’t pay your bills, your bank account stays full. It’s a trick Trump learned a long time ago.
** [[William Rivers Pitt]], ''[https://truthout.org/articles/trump-and-mcconnell-arent-waging-war-on-covid-theyre-waging-war-on-us/ Trump and McConnell Aren’t Waging War on COVID. They’re Waging War on Us.]'' (April 28, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* Trump and McConnell know these states are reopening too soon, but they don’t care, because they need to make the money happy. To protect the money, McConnell wants to shoehorn in a provision to the states' aid package that prevents businesses from being sued by employees or customers because they got sick after businesses opened too soon. The blue states need that aid, and McConnell knows he has their congressional representatives over a barrel. The utter cruelty of these tactics, the nihilistic self-destruction of it in the face of more than 55,000 dead and thousands more to follow, has scarce precedent in the annals of [[U.S. politics]]. Instead of helping the entire country in this time of grievous crisis, Trump and McConnell are putting their boots to the neck of every state they deem ideologically unfit. It will be a damn miracle if the nation survives this, and them.
** [[William Rivers Pitt]], ''[https://truthout.org/articles/trump-and-mcconnell-arent-waging-war-on-covid-theyre-waging-war-on-us/ Trump and McConnell Aren’t Waging War on COVID. They’re Waging War on Us.]'' (April 28, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* The dynamics of the [[Economy|economic]] and {{w|financial crisis}} will strengthen the tendencies toward [[w:Global recession|recession]], aggravating the effects of the {{w|health crisis}}. This relationship means that the duration and depth will be dependent on the combination of both crises. The drops in the stock market are bursting a [[w:Economic bubble|bubble]] that helped maintain weak [[economic growth]] (particularly in [[Economy of the United States|the U.S.]]), without having resolved any of [[w:Financial crisis of 2007–08#Causes|the structural problems]] that burst forth with [[Financial crisis of 2007–08|the 2008 crisis]] (low productivity, low investment). [[w:Corporate debt bubble|Companies today are more indebted]] than in 2008, so a series of [[bankruptcies]] (in airlines, shale oil companies [[w:Bankruptcy in the United States|in the U.S.]], tourism, etc.) could hit the [[Banking|banks]]. Unlike 2008, the banks appear to be in a better position, but this all depends on the depth of the recession. There are other significant differences compared to [[Great Recession|the last recession]]: instead of coordination between the governments of the [[w:Great power|main powers]] that was seen in 2009 (when they were obviously terrified by the depth of the crisis), today confrontations are prevailing due to {{w|geopolitical}} tensions and ruthless competition not only between the [[China–United States relations|United States and China]], but also between the [[w:Germany–United States relations|U.S. and Germany]] (with strong [[w:China–Germany relations#Trade|economic ties to China]]), and even between the [[w:United Kingdom–European Union relations|United Kingdom and the European Union]]. For all these reasons, we call on [[Working class|working people]] and youth to take the struggle for measures against the crisis into our own hands.
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]], [https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits "Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!"] (14 March 2020), ''Left Voice''

* Why should the people and [[Taxation in the United States|taxpayers]] of America be [[bailing out]] poorly run states (like [[Illinois]], as example) and cities, in all cases Democrat [[w:Red states and blue states|run and managed]], when most of the other states are not looking for bailout help? I am open to discussing anything, but just asking?
** [[Donald Trump]] during the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States]], on a [https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1254782650679615492 Twitter post], 27 April 2020. Quoted in ''[https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/494807-trump-asks-why-taxpayers-should-help-bail-out-democrat-run-states Trump asks why taxpayers should help bail out blue states]'' by Brett Samuels, 27 April 2020, ''[[w:The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]''; and in ''[https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-federal-govt-shouldn-t-rescue-states-cities-struggling-under-n1193351 Trump: Government shouldn't rescue states and cities struggling under pandemic]'' by Adam Edelman, 27 April 2020, ''{{w|NBCNews.com}}''

* The desperate [[policies]] of panic-driven governments [[w:Economic interventionism|involve throwing huge amounts of money]] at the [[w:Economic collapse|economies collapsed]] in response to the coronavirus threat. {{w|Monetary authoritie}}s [[w:Money creation|create money]] and [[w:Loan|lend it]] at extremely low {{w|interest rate}}s to the [[Big business|major]] [[corporations]] and especially big [[banks]] "to get them through the crisis." Government treasuries borrow vast sums to get the collapsed economy back into what they imagine is "[[Status quo|the normal]], pre-virus economy." Capitalism's leaders are rushing into [[w:Governance failure#Policy failure|policy failures]] because of their [[ideological]] blinders.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], [https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ "COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism"] (6 April 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''

* The problem of policies aimed to return the economy to what it was before the virus hit is this: Global capitalism, by 2019, was itself a major cause of the collapse in 2020. Capitalism's scars from the [[w:Recession 2000s|crashes of 2000]] and [[Financial crisis of 2007–08|2008-2009]] had not healed. Years of low interest rates had enabled corporations and governments to "solve" all their problems by borrowing limitlessly at almost zero interest rate cost. All the new money [[w:Injection (economics)|pumped]] into economies by {{w|central bank}}s had indeed caused the feared [[inflation]], but chiefly in [[stock markets]] whose [[w:Share price|prices]] consequently spiraled dangerously far away from underlying [[w:Value (economics)|economic values]] and realities. [[Economic inequality|Inequalities]] of {{w|income}} and [[wealth]] reached historic highs. In short, capitalism had built up vulnerabilities to another [[Stock market crash|crash]] that any number of possible triggers could unleash. The trigger this time was not the [[w:Dot-com bubble|dot.com]] meltdown of 2000 or the [[w:Subprime mortgage crisis|sub-prime meltdown]] of 2008/9; it was a [[SARS-CoV-2|virus]]. And of course, [[w:Dominant ideology|mainstream ideology]] requires focusing on the trigger, not the vulnerability. Thus mainstream policies aim to reestablish pre-virus capitalism. Even if they succeed, that will return us to a capitalist system whose [[Overaccumulation|accumulated vulnerabilities]] will soon again collapse from yet another trigger.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], [https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ "COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism"] (6 April 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''

* The second reason I focus on capitalism is that the responses to today's economic collapse by Trump, the [[Republican Party (United States)|GOP]] and most [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] carefully avoid any criticism of capitalism. They all debate the virus, China, foreigners, other politicians, but never the system they all serve. When [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#President Trump|Trump]] and others press people to return to churches and jobs—despite risking their and others' lives—they place reviving a collapsed capitalism ahead of public health.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], [https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ "COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism"] (6 April 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''

==See also==
* [[SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Depression (economics)]]
* [[Coronavirus disease 2019]]

==External links==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Commons category|Diagrams about the socioeconomic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Stock market crash, 2020}}
[[Category:Economic crises]]
[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic]]

Working class

2020-10-19T15:46:31Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880539 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:Manufacturing productivity and wages in the United States.svg|thumb|[[Capitalism]] is an exploitative system, as [[Karl Marx|Marx]] has argued so cogently, and as anyone who studies the inequalities [[economic inequality|within]] and [[Colonialism|between]] the countries of the world today must see. It is therefore ''[[wikt:a priori|a priori]]'' likely that its [[ideology]] conceals realities that if known would make the exploited militant. ~ [[Andrew Collier (philosopher)|Andrew Collier]]]]
[[File:Il signor Mario (5022154063).jpg|thumb|There have always been poor and working classes; and the working class have mostly been [[poor]]. But there have not always been workers and poor people living under conditions as they are today. ~ [[Friedrich Engels]]]]
[[File:1968-01 1967年10月大寨军民斗私批修大字报.jpg|thumb|Notwithstanding all the differences in the aims and tasks of the [[Russian revolution]], compared with the French revolution of 1871, the Russian proletariat had to resort to the same method of struggle as that first used by the {{w|Paris Commune}} — civil war. ~ [[Vladimir Lenin]]]]
[[File:BWHammerSickle.jpg|thumb|The property-owning class and the class of the proletariat represent the same human self-alienation. But the former feels at home in this self-alienation and feels itself confirmed by it; it recognises alienation as its own instrument and in it it possesses the semblance of a human existence. The latter feels itself destroyed by this alienation and sees in it its own impotence and the reality of an inhuman existence. ~ [[Karl Marx]]]]
[[File:US productivity and real wages EN.svg|thumb|The results were impoverishment of the masses, [[w:Marx's theory of alienation|alienation]] of land, and the development of a proletariat. ~ [[Eric Roll, Baron Roll of Ipsden]]]]
The '''{{w|working class}}''' (also '''labouring class''' and '''{{w|proletariat}}''') are the people employed for [[wage]]s, especially in {{w|manual-labour}} occupations and in skilled, industrial work.
__NOTOC__
{{TOCalpha}}
== A ==
* Class instinct is subjective and spontaneous. ... To arrive at proletarian class positions, the class instinct of proletarians only needs to be ''educated''; the class instinct of the {{w|petty bourgeoisie}}, and hence of [[intellectuals]], has, on the contrary, to be ''[[revolutionized]]''.
** [[Louis Althusser]], ''{{w|Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays}}'' (1971), p. 2

== B ==
* [[Laissez-faire|Capitalists preach “the market”]] for the working class – stand on your own two feet, don’t rely [[w:Economic interventionism|on the government]] – but themselves sponge off the public big time. Just look at the billions in [[w:Energy subsidy|subsidies]] and [[w:Tax incentive|tax concessions]] the [[w:Fossil fuel#Industry|fossil fuel companies]], huge enterprises for the most part, extract from state and federal governments [[w:Energy policy of Australia#Fossil fuels|in Australia]]. [[w:Automotive industry in Australia|The vehicle manufacturers]] raked in hundreds of millions a year from the {{w|Australian government}} for decades until deciding it wasn’t enough and went overseas. This is why [[w:Big business|big companies]] and [[industry]] groups hire armies of [[w:Revolving door (politics)|former politicians to lobby]] on their behalf in the offices of [[w:Premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories|premiers]] and [[w:Prime Minister of Australia|prime ministers]] – there’s money in government coffers and they want it. And while the capitalists talk about “the market” setting [[wages]] for workers, in reality, they don’t really allow the market to do the job. They use the whole apparatus of [[Oppression|state repression]], the [[w:Labor court|industrial tribunals]], the [[police]], the courts to suppress [[w:Labor rights|workers]]’ [[Freedom of association|rights to organise]] to pursue their demands. But when a [[w:Financial crisis|crisis]] hits all the bullshit about the market is thrown to the winds. And that is just what we are seeing now. Faced with the [[w:Economic collapse|collapse]] of the [[capitalist]] economy, for the second time in a dozen years, with massive bankruptcies on the table and the [[stock market]] plunging by more than 30 percent and more to come, fervent advocates of the [[free market]] are now embracing [[w:Economic interventionism|government intervention]] to save their skins.
** [[Tom Bramble]] on the [[2020 stock market crash]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* Workers every day face their own [[w:Crisis#Personal|personal crises]] – lack of money to pay the rent or the possibility of defaulting on their mortgage because the boss didn’t call them in for work this week, overdue utility bills that must be paid or risk being cut off, [[w:Cost of raising a child|expenses for children]]’s education that fall due, the fear of redundancy. These are crises that are experienced personally but are really a collective crisis of everyday life for working class people. But when we ask for governments to respond, we are told that addressing these things collectively is not possible, and that this is just the way things are. But when the capitalist system goes into crisis, governments act promptly. It turns out that political decisions about the economy are possible and it is wholly possible for governments to tell the markets to go jump.
** [[Tom Bramble]] on the [[2020 stock market crash]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''

* The most important word in the language of the working class is [[solidarity]].
**[[Harry Bridges]], quoted in {{cite book |last1=Glass |first1=Fred |title=From Mission to Microchip: A History of the California Labor Movement |date=2016 |publisher={{w|University of California Press}} |isbn=978-0-520-28840-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yj0lDQAAQBAJ&pg=PR1}}

==C==
* [[Capitalism]] is an exploitative system, as [[Karl Marx|Marx]] has argued so cogently, and as anyone who studies the inequalities [[economic inequality|within]] and [[Colonialism|between]] the countries of the world today must see. It is therefore ''[[wikt:a priori|a priori]]'' likely that its [[ideology]] conceals realities that if known would make the exploited militant.
** [[Andrew Collier (philosopher)|Andrew Collier]], in ''Transcendence: Critical Realism and God'' (2013) p. 85

* In the status game, then, the working-class child starts out with a handicap and, to the extent that he cares what the {{w|middle-class}} persons think of him or has internalised the dominant middle-class attitudes toward {{w|social class position}}, he may be expected to feel some 'shame'.
** [[Albert K. Cohen]]. ''Delinquent Boys: The Culture of the Gang,'' New York: The Free Press, 1955. p. 110

* The worker is the [[slave]] of capitalist society, the [[female worker]] is the slave of that slave.
** [[James Connolly]] ''[https://www.marxists.org/archive/connolly/1915/rcoi/chap06.htm The Re-conquest of Ireland]'' (1915), Chapter VI: Woman, p. 38, ''{{w|Marxists Internet Archive}}''

==D==
* What the [[Working class in the United States|workingmen of the country]] are profoundly interested in is the [[private ownership]] of the [[means of production]] and distribution, the enslaving and degrading [[wage]]-system in which they toil for a pittance at the pleasure of their masters and are bludgeoned, jailed or shot when they protest — this is the central, controlling, vital issue of the hour, and neither of the old party platforms has a word or even a hint about it. As a rule, large capitalists are [[Republicans]] and small capitalists are [[Democrats]], but workingmen must remember that they are all capitalists, and that the many small ones, like the fewer large ones, are all politically supporting their class interests, and this is always and everywhere the capitalist class.
** [[Eugene V. Debs]]. ''[http://www.marxists.org/archive/debs/works/1900/outlook.htm Outlook for Socialism in the United States]'' (September 1900) Published in the ''{{w|International Socialist Review}}''

==E==
* ''Was ist der Kommunismus? Der Kommunismus ist die Lehre von den Bedingungen der Befreiung des Proletariats. Was ist das Proletariat? Das Proletariat ist diejenige Klasse der Gesellschaft, welche ihren Lebensunterhalt einzig und allein aus dem Verkauf ihrer Arbeit und nicht aus dem Profit irgendeines Kapitals zieht; deren Wohl und Wehe, deren Leben und Tod, deren ganze Existenz von der Nachfrage nach Arbeit, also von dem Wechsel der guten und schlechten Geschäftszeiten, von den Schwankungen einer zügellosen Konkurrenz abhängt.''
** What is [[Communism]]? Communism is the doctrine of the conditions of the liberation of the proletariat. What is the proletariat? The proletariat is that class in [[society]] which lives entirely from the sale of its labor and does not draw profit from any kind of capital; whose weal and woe, whose life and death, whose sole existence depends on the demand for labor – hence, on the changing state of business, on the vagaries of unbridled [[competition]].
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* '''There have always been poor and working classes; and the working class have mostly been [[poor]]. But there have not always been workers and poor people living under conditions as they are today.'''
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* The class of the wholly propertyless, who are obliged to sell their labor to the [[bourgeoisie]] in order to get, in exchange, the means of subsistence for their support. This is called the class of proletarians, or the proletariat.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* The costs of production of labor consist of [[precisely]] the [[quantity]] of means of subsistence necessary to enable the worker to continue working, and to prevent the working class from dying out. The worker will therefore get no more for his labor than is necessary for this purpose; the price of labor, or the [[wage]], will, in other words, be the lowest, the minimum, required for the maintenance of life.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* The [[slave]] is sold once and for all; the proletarian must sell himself daily and hourly. The individual slave, property of one master, is assured an existence, however [[miserable]] it may be, because of the master’s interest. The individual proletarian, property as it were of the entire bourgeois class which buys his labor only when someone has need of it, has no secure existence. This existence is assured only to the class as a whole. ... The slave is outside competition; the proletarian is in it and experiences all its vagaries. ... The slave frees himself when, of all the relations of [[private property]], he abolishes only the relation of slavery and thereby becomes a proletarian; the proletarian can free himself only by abolishing private property in general. ... The proletarian works with the instruments of [[production]] of another, for the account of this other, in exchange for a part of the product. ... The proletarian [[liberates]] himself by abolishing competition, private property, and all class differences.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* The [[manufacturing]] worker almost always lives in the countryside and in a more or less [[patriarchal]] relation to his landlord or employer; the proletarian lives, for the most part, in the city and his relation to his employer is purely a cash relation. The manufacturing worker is torn out of his patriarchal relation by big industry, loses whatever property he still has, and in this way becomes a proletarian.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* Big industry has brought all the people of the Earth into contact with each other, has merged all local [[markets]] into one world market, has spread civilization and progress everywhere and has thus ensured that whatever happens in civilized countries will have [[repercussions]] in all other countries. It follows that if the workers in [[England]] or [[France]] now liberate themselves, this must set off [[revolution]] in all other countries – revolutions which, sooner or later, must accomplish the liberation of their respective working class.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* Everywhere the proletariat develops in step with the bourgeoisie. In proportion, as the bourgeoisie grows in wealth, the proletariat grows in numbers. For, since the proletarians can be employed only by capital, and since capital extends only through employing labor, it follows that the growth of the proletariat proceeds at precisely the same pace as the growth of capital. Simultaneously, this process draws members of the bourgeoisie and proletarians together into the great cities where industry can be carried on most profitably, and by thus throwing great masses in one spot it gives to the proletarians a consciousness of their own strength. Moreover, the further this process advances, the more new labor-saving machines are invented, the greater is the pressure exercised by big industry on wages, which, as we have seen, sink to their minimum and therewith render the condition of the proletariat increasingly unbearable. The growing dissatisfaction of the proletariat thus joins with its rising power to prepare a [[proletarian social revolution]].
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* Bourgeoisie and proletariat have become the decisive classes, and the struggle between them the great struggle of the day.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* In all probability, the proletarian revolution will transform existing society gradually and will be able to abolish private property only when the means of production are available in sufficient quantity. What will be the course of this revolution? Above all, it will establish a democratic constitution, and through this, the direct or indirect dominance of the proletariat.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* The abolition of private property has become not only possible but absolutely necessary. ... The outcome can only be the victory of the proletariat.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* [[Democracy]] would be wholly valueless to the proletariat if it were not immediately used as a means for putting through measures directed against private property and ensuring the livelihood of the proletariat.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* Once the first radical attack on private property has been launched, the proletariat will find itself forced to go ever further, to concentrate increasingly in the hands of the state all capital, all agriculture, all transport, all trade. All the foregoing measures are directed to this end; and they will become practicable and feasible, capable of producing their centralizing effects to precisely the degree that the proletariat, through its labor, multiplies the country’s [[productive forces]].
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* How do you think the transition from the present situation to community of Property is to be effected? The first, fundamental condition for the introduction of community of property is the political liberation of the proletariat through a democratic constitution.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/06/09.htm ''Draft of a Communist Confession of Faith''] (1847)

==F==
* The sex life of the working class is nasty, brutish and short. Every survey of behaviour, whether it's sexual offences or marital behaviour or premarital behaviour shows that. I had a dear friend who used to say 'tell me how a man makes love and I'll tell you how he votes', and that is absolutely justified in terms of what we know about class attitude and conduct in sexual matters.
** {{w|Beatrice Faust}}, in Olle, Andrew 1992, "Interview with Richard Walsh and Beatrice Faust", ''Radio
2BL'', 14 May; as quoted in [http://www.aic.gov.au/media_library/publications/proceedings/20/goldsmith.pdf Sexual Offenders and Pornography: A Causal Connection?]'', by Marlene Goldsmith: Chairman Legislative Council Standing Committee on Social Issues Parliament of New South Wales.

==H==
* Confronting this crisis ultimately means [[w:Anti-capitalism|confronting capitalism]], and that means directly resisting these layoffs, since layoffs are always the first weapon used against working people in moments of {{w|economic crisis}}. {{w|Big business}}es and [[corporations]] that have benefited from years of [[economic growth]] (not to mention the massive {{w|surplus value}} of [[w:Labor theory of value|workers’ labor]]) owe [[w:Employment#United States|employees]] and their [[w:Family structure in the United States|families]] a huge debt and it’s time to pay up. In order to make this happen, working people must organize for and demand: 1. An immediate ban on all layoffs. 2. Full wages for all employees, whether they are working during the crisis or not. And 3. A redistribution of [[w:Working time|working hours]] among currently unemployed workers (including [[w:Migrant worker#United States|undocumented]] and {{w|precarious worker}}s) so that no one is denied the essential [[w:Right to work|right to employment]].
** [[James Dennis Hoff]] on the [[2020 stock market crash]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/freeze-layoffs-make-the-capitalists-pay Freeze Layoffs: Make the Capitalists Pay]'' (March 23, 2020), ''Left Voice''

* When times are good, capital can extract huge profits from labor with little risk. For instance, after the last economic crisis, the {{w|S&P 500}} (thanks in large part to [[w:Great Recession in the United States#Bailout of U.S. financial system|government bailouts]]) not only managed to recover all of its losses by 2013, it then proceeded to almost double its value in the seven years that followed — an average rate of growth equal to about 14 percent per year. By contrast, average hourly wages for working people, [[w:Wage growth#The United States|which rose]] less than three percent per year for most of that same period, recovered much more slowly, and many workers actually saw their [[w:Real wages|wages]] fall or remain flat when adjusted for [[inflation]]. When times are bad, however, in moments of crisis, when [[w:Profit (economics)|profits]] are low, or when there is little or no [[Demand|demand]] — such as we are seeing in many industries today — corporations and companies can protect themselves and their {{w|market value}} by simply letting workers go. Workers, on the other hand usually must continue to pay for food, rent, [[healthcare]], and basic utilities in order to survive. As a consequence, while capital can often weather the storm of such economic crises, they can severely weaken the power of the working class by creating what [[Karl Marx|Marx]] called a vast {{w|reserve army of labor}}. And since [[w:Unemployment benefits|unemployment insurance]] compensations are rarely available to all and always only for a short period of time, workers — whether laid off or only threatened with the prospect of layoffs—will eventually be pressured to work much harder for less wages. And this is precisely why the future of worker’s power depends on how we respond to this crisis now.
** [[James Dennis Hoff]] on the [[2020 stock market crash]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/freeze-layoffs-make-the-capitalists-pay Freeze Layoffs: Make the Capitalists Pay]'' (March 23, 2020), ''Left Voice''

==I==
* The working class and the employing class have nothing in common. There can be no peace so long as hunger and want are found among millions of the working people and the few, who make up the employing class, have all the good things of life. Between these two classes a struggle must go on until the workers of the world organize as a class, take possession of the means of production, abolish the [[wage]] system, and live in harmony with the Earth.
** Preamble to the Constitution of the {{w|Industrial Workers of the World}}

==L==
* Two things make the [[future]] [[real]], the [[artist]]'s [[imagination]] and the worker's [[hope]]. [[Fascism]] [[destroys]] both. Therefore the artist and the worker must [[unite]] [[Anti-fascism|to destroy Fascism]].
** [[John Langdon-Davies]], {{cite book |title=Authors Take Sides on the Spanish War |date=1937 |publisher=Left Review |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qD0gAQAAMAAJ&q=Two+things+make+the+future+real,+the+artist%27s+imagination+and+the+worker%27s+hope.+Fascism+destroys+both.+Therefore+the+artist+and+the+worker+must+unite&dq=Two+things+make+the+future+real,+the+artist%27s+imagination+and+the+worker%27s+hope.+Fascism+destroys+both.+Therefore+the+artist+and+the+worker+must+unite&hl=es-419&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjK5Y_3h43qAhVOI7kGHf1GBVQQ6AEIJzAA}}. Quoted in {{cite book |last1=Buchanan |first1=Tom |title=Britain and the Spanish Civil War |date=1997 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-45569-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eDlPTZNYXIUC&pg=PA32 |page=32}}

* '''Notwithstanding all the differences in the aims and tasks of the [[Russian revolution]], compared with the French revolution of 1871, the Russian proletariat had to resort to the same method of struggle as that first used by the {{w|Paris Commune}} — civil war.''' Mindful of the lessons of the Commune, it knew that the proletariat should not ignore peaceful methods of struggle — they serve its ordinary, day-to-day interests, they are necessary in periods of preparation for revolution — but it must never forget that in certain conditions the [[class struggle]] assumes the form of armed conflict and civil war; there are times when the interests of the proletariat call for ruthless extermination of its enemies in open armed clashes.
** [[Vladimir Lenin]], [http://www.marx.org/archive/lenin/works/1908/mar/23.htm “Lessons of the Commune”, in ''Zagranichnaya Gazeta'', No. 2 (23 March 1908)], as translated by Bernard Isaacs, ''Collected Works'', Vol. 13, p. 478

* When we are reproached with having established a dictatorship of [[W:Vanguard party|one party]] and, as you have heard, a united socialist front is proposed, we say, "Yes, it is a dictatorship of one party! This is what we stand for and we shall not shift from that position because it is the party that has won, in the course of decades, the position of vanguard of the entire factory and industrial proletariat. This party had won that position even before the {{w|revolution of 1905}}. It is the party that was at the head of the workers in 1905 and which since then — even at the time of the reaction after 1905 when the working-class movement was rehabilitated with such difficulty under the [[Pyotr Stolypin|Stolypin]] {{w|Duma}} — merged with the working class and it alone could lead that class to a profound, fundamental change in the old society.
** [[Vladimir Lenin]], [http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1919/aug/05.htm “Speech to the First All-Russia Congress of Workers in Education and Socialist Culture” (30 July 1919)] ''Collected Works'', Vol. 29, p. 535.

==M==
* The [[academy]] now boasts specialists by thousands in Asian studies, GLT studies, Latino/a studies, Native American studies, and multicultural studies, but barely a handful in proletarian studies. It still hasn't found a way to become serious about [[Social class|class]].
** Julian Markels, ''From Buchenwald to Havana'', p. 104

* The property-owning class and the class of the proletariat represent the same human self-alienation. But the former feels at home in this self-alienation and feels itself confirmed by it; it recognises alienation as its own instrument and in it it possesses the semblance of a human existence. The latter feels itself destroyed by this alienation and sees in it its own impotence and the reality of an inhuman existence.
** [[Karl Marx]], ''The Holy Family'', Chapter 4.

==S==
*If there is going to be class warfare in this country, it’s time that the [[working class]] of this country won that war and not just the [[Elite|corporate elite]]. (Senator Sanders wspeaking to the Iowa [[w:AFL-CIO|AFL-CIO]] convention summer 2019)
**[[Bernie Sanders]] quoted by [[Norman Solomon]] in [https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/02/18/the-escalating-class-war-against-bernie-sanders/ The Escalating Class War Against Bernie Sanders] (18 Feb 2020)

==R==
* The expenses of the royal household, wars, and lavish public building were financed by tolls and the profits of the king's foreign trade monopoly, by conscription of labour and heavy taxation. The results were impoverishment of the masses, [[w:Marx's theory of alienation|alienation]] of land, and the development of a proletariat.
** [[Eric Roll, Baron Roll of Ipsden]], ''A History of Economic Thought'' (1939), Chapter I, The Beginnings, p. 25

==T==
* The bourgeoisie today is a falling class... by its imperialist methods of appropriation [it] is destroying the economic structure of the world and human culture generally. Nevertheless, the historical persistence of the bourgeoisie is colossal. It holds to power, and does not wish to abandon it. Thereby it threatens to drag after it into the abyss the whole of society. We are forced to tear it off, to chop it away. The Red Terror is a weapon utilized against a class, doomed to destruction, which does not wish to perish. If the White Terror can only retard the historical rise of the proletariat, the Red Terror hastens the destruction of the bourgeoisie.
** [[Leon Trotsky]], ''Terrorism and Communism : A Reply to Karl Kautsky'' (1920; 1975), p. 83

==W==

* A {{w|worker-coop}} [[w:Co-operative economics|based economy]]—where workers democratically run enterprises, deciding what, how and where to produce, and what to do with any profits—could, and likely would, put social needs and goals (like proper preparation for pandemics) ahead of profits. Workers are the majority in all capitalist societies; their interests are those of the majority. Employers are always a small minority; theirs are the "special interests" of that minority. Capitalism gives that minority the position, profits and power to determine how the society as a whole lives or dies. That's why all employees now wonder and worry about how long our jobs, incomes, homes and bank accounts will last—if we still have them. A minority (employers) decides all those questions and excludes the majority (employees) from making those decisions, even though that majority must live with their results.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]] during the [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic]], ''[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism]'' (April 6, 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''.

== See also ==
* [[Capitalism]]
* [[Class conflict]]
* [[Communism]]
* [[Dictatorship of the proletariat]]
* [[Proletarian revolution]]
* [[Wage slavery]]
* [[Women in the workforce]]

== External links ==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wiktionary|proletariat}}

[[Category:Labor]]
[[Category:Sociology]]

Bourgeoisie

2020-10-19T15:46:29Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880540 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:Burguesía.jpg|thumb|Nietzsche said the newspaper had replaced the prayer in the life of the modern bourgeois, meaning that the busy, the cheap, the ephemeral, had usurped all that remained of the eternal in his daily life. ~ [[Allan Bloom]]]]
[[File:MCmansion.jpg|thumb|It is not what he feels and aspires that moves him primarily; it is what the folks about him will think of him. ~ [[Sinclair Lewis]]]]
[[File:Karl Marx 001.jpg|thumb|right|The bourgeoisie, wherever it has got the upper hand, has put an end to all feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations. It has pitilessly torn asunder the motley of ties that bound man to his “natural superiors,” and left remaining no other nexus between man and man than naked self-interest, than callous “cash payment.” It has drowned the most heavenly ecstasies of religious fervor, of chivalrous enthusiasm, of philistine sentimentalism, in the icy water of egotistical calculation. It has resolved personal worth into exchange value. ~ [[Karl Marx]]]]
[[File:Friedrich Engels (1820–1895), 1864.png|thumb|The class of big capitalists, who, in all civilized countries, are already in almost exclusive possession of all the means of subsistance and of the instruments (machines, factories) and materials necessary for the production of the means of subsistence. This is the bourgeois class, or the bourgeoisie. ~ [[Friedrich Engels]]]]
[[File:Hermann Hesse 2.jpg|thumb|right|A man cannot live intensely except at the cost of the self. Now the bourgeois treasures nothing more highly than the self (rudimentary as his may be). And so at the cost of intensity he achieves his own preservation and security. His harvest is a quiet mind which he prefers to being possessed by God, as he does comfort to pleasure, convenience to liberty, and a pleasant temperature to that deathly inner consuming fire. The bourgeois is consequently by nature a creature of weak impulses, anxious, fearful of giving himself away and easy to rule. ~ [[Hermann Hesse]]]]
[[File:Image-Postwertzeichen DPAG - 100. Geburtstag Theodor W. Adorno 2003.jpg|thumb|right|The bourgeois … is tolerant. His love for people as they are stems from his hatred of what they might be. ~ [[Theodor Adorno]]]]
[[File:Charles peguy.jpg|thumb|right|Towards this fine honor of a trade converged all the finest, all the most noble sentiments—dignity, pride. Never ask anything of anyone, they used to say. … In those days a workman did not know what it was to solicit. It is the bourgeoisie who, turning the workmen into bourgeois, have taught them to solicit. ~ [[Charles Péguy]]]]
[[File:Commanville - Souvenirs sur Gustave Flaubert - Illustration p. 10.png|thumb|Hatred of the bourgeois is the beginning of wisdom. ~ [[Gustave Flaubert]]]]
The noun '''[[w:bourgeoisie|bourgeoisie]]''' and the adjective '''bourgeois''', in [[sociology]] and political science are terms that describe a historical range of socio-economic classes.
__NOTOC__
: [[#A|A]] · [[#B|B]] · [[#C|C]] · [[#D|D]] · [[#E|E]] · [[#F|F]] · [[#G|G]] · [[#H|H]] · [[#I|I]] · [[#J|J]] · [[#K|K]] · [[#L|L]] · [[#M|M]] · [[#N|N]] · [[#O|O]] · [[#P|P]] · [[#Q|Q]] · [[#R|R]] · [[#S|S]] · [[#T|T]] · [[#U|U]] · [[#V|V]] · [[#W|W]] · [[#X|X]] · [[#Y|Y]] · [[#Z|Z]] · [[#See also|See also]] · [[#External links|External links]]
==A==
* Advancing bourgeois society liquidates memory, time, recollection as irrational leftovers of the past.
** [[Theodor Adorno]], “Was bedeutet Aufarbeitung der Vergangenheit” (1959).

* The bourgeois … is tolerant. His love for people as they are stems from his hatred of what they might be.
** [[Theodor Adorno]], ''Minima Moralia'', E. Jephcott, trans. (1974), § 4.

==B==
* They know their profession, but they ignore anything unconnected with their profession. So, to protect their self-esteem, they call everything into question, criticize right and left; seem skeptical but are actually gullible, and drown their minds in interminable discussions. Almost all of them adopt convenient social, literary, or political prejudices so as to dispense with having to form an opinion of their own, just as they place their conscience in the shelter of common law, or of the commercial court. Having left home early in order to become remarkable men, they become mediocre, and crawl along the heights of society. Accordingly, their faces present us with this sour pallor; these false complexions, these dull, lined eyes, these talkative and sensual mouths where the observer recognizes the symptoms of the degeneration of thought and its turning round and round in the dull circle of specialization that kills the generative faculties of the brain, the gift of seeing the big picture, of generalizing and deducing.
** [[Honoré de Balzac]], ''The Girl with the Golden Eyes'' (1833)

* On bourgeois ground … change is impossible anyway even if it were desired. In fact, bourgeois interest would like to draw every other interest opposed to it into its own failure; so, in order to drain the new life, it makes its own agony apparently fundamental, apparently ontological. The futility of bourgeois existence is extended to be that of the human situation in general, of existence per se.
** [[Ernst Bloch]], ''The Principle of Hope'' (1959), N. Plaice, trans. (1986), p. 4.

* Nietzsche said the newspaper had replaced the prayer in the life of the modern bourgeois, meaning that the busy, the cheap, the ephemeral, had usurped all that remained of the eternal in his daily life.
** [[Allan Bloom]], ''The Closing of the American Mind'' (New York: 1988), p. 59.

* In America we have only the bourgeoisie, and the love of the heroic is one of the few counterpoises available to us. In us the contempt for the heroic is only an extension of the perversion of the democratic principle that denies greatness and wants everyone to feel comfortable in his skin without having to suffer unpleasant comparisons. Students have not the slightest notion of what an achievement it is to free oneself from public guidance and find resources for guidance within oneself.
** [[Allan Bloom]], ''The Closing of the American Mind'' (New York: 1988), pp. 66-67.

* [Rock and the intellectual Left] must both be interpreted as parts of the cultural fabric of late capitalism. Their success comes from the bourgeois’ need to feel that he is not bourgeois.
** [[Allan Bloom]], ''The Closing of the American Mind'' (New York: 1988), p. 78.

* Continental thinkers have been obsessed with bourgeois man as representing the worst and most contemptible failure of modernity, which must at all costs be overcome. Nihilism in its most palpable sense means that the bourgeois has won, that the future, all foreseeable futures, belong to him, that all heights above him and all depths beneath him are illusory and that life is not worth living on these terms.
** [[Allan Bloom]], ''The Closing of the American Mind'' (New York: 1988), pp. 157-158.

* Americans … do not naturally apply the term “bourgeois” to themselves, or to anyone else for that matter. They do like to call themselves middle class, but that does not carry with it any determinate spiritual content. … The term “middle class” does not have any of the many opposites that bourgeois has, such as aristocrat, saint, hero, or artist—all good.
** [[Allan Bloom]], ''The Closing of the American Mind'' (New York: 1988), p. 158.

* Locke had illegitimately selected those parts of man he needed for his social contract and suppressed all the rest, a theoretically unsatisfactory procedure and a practically costly one. The bourgeois is the measure of the price paid, he who most of all cannot afford to look to his real self, who denies the existence of the thinly boarded-over basement in him, who is most made over for the purposes of a society that does not even promise him perfection or salvation but merely buys him off.
** [[Allan Bloom]], ''The Closing of the American Mind'' (New York: 1988), p. 177.

* The bourgeois is selfish, but without the purity and simplicity of natural selfishness. … His faithfulness to others and his obedience to law are founded on expectation of gain. … Thus he corrupts morality, the essence of which is to exist for its own sake. The bourgeois satisfies neither extreme, nature or morality. The moral demand is merely an abstract ideal if it asks for what nature cannot give. Brutish selfishness would be preferable to sham morality.
** [[Allan Bloom]], ''The Closing of the American Mind'' (New York: 1988), p. 185.

* The bourgeois thinkers of the eighteenth century thus turned [[Aristotle|Aristotle’s]] formula on its head: satisfactions which the Greek philosopher had identified with leisure were now transposed to the sphere of work, while tasks lacking in any financial reward were drained of all significance and left to the haphazard attentions of decadent dilettantes. It now seemed as impossible that one could be happy and unproductive as it had once seemed unlikely that one could work and be human.
** [[Alain de Botton]], ''The Pleasures and Sorrows of Work'' (2009), pp. 106-109.

* The European bourgeoisie took the momentous steps of co-opting on behalf of both marriage and work the pleasures hitherto pessimistically—or perhaps realistically—confined, by aristocrats, to the subsidiary realms of the love affair and the hobby.
** [[Alain de Botton]], ''The Pleasures and Sorrows of Work'' (2009), p. 109.

* One of the most prevalent ideological mantras of [[w:Western world|Western]] [[capitalism]] is that the [[market]] should rule. But as the [[w:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|latest health]] and [[2020 stock market crash|economic crises]] demonstrate, capitalists soon forget their worship of the market when times get tough. They scream [[Corporate welfare|for government money]], and plenty of it. It turns out that “the market” is fine when it comes to whipping [[Working class|workers]] to accept [[w:Wage slavery#Lower wages|lower wages]], but when it comes to lower [[profit]]s, the market can go hang.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* The last thing any capitalist wants is “free competition”, because that might squeeze [[w:Profit maximization|their profits]]. Just look at how the supermarkets have destroyed small shops or how any new industry that emerges is soon [[w:Oligopoly|dominated by three or four companies]] globally.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* [[Laissez-faire|Capitalists preach “the market”]] for the working class – stand on your own two feet, [[Welfare|don’t rely on the government]] – but themselves sponge off the public big time. Just look at the billions in [[w:Energy subsidy|subsidies]] and [[w:Tax incentive|tax concessions]] the [[w:Fossil fuel#Industry|fossil fuel companies]], huge enterprises for the most part, extract from state and federal governments [[w:Energy policy of Australia#Fossil fuels|in Australia]]. [[w:Automotive industry in Australia|The vehicle manufacturers]] raked in hundreds of millions a year from the {{w|Australian government}} for decades until deciding it wasn’t enough and went overseas. This is why [[w:Big business|big companies]] and [[industry]] groups hire armies of [[w:Revolving door (politics)|former politicians to lobby]] on their behalf in the offices of [[w:Premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories|premiers]] and [[w:Prime Minister of Australia|prime ministers]] – there’s money in government coffers and they want it. And while the capitalists talk about “the market” setting [[wages]] for workers, in reality, they don’t really allow the market to do the job. They use the whole apparatus of [[Oppression|state repression]], the [[w:Labor court|industrial tribunals]], the [[police]], the courts to suppress [[w:Labor rights|workers]]’ [[Freedom of association|rights to organise]] to pursue their demands. But when a [[w:Financial crisis|crisis]] hits all the bullshit about the market is thrown to the winds. And that is just what we are seeing now. Faced with the [[w:Economic collapse|collapse]] of the capitalist economy, for the second time in a dozen years, with massive bankruptcies on the table and the [[stock market]] plunging by more than 30 percent and more to come, fervent advocates of the free market are now embracing [[w:Economic intervention|government intervention]] to save their skins.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

==C==

* The code of the Bourgeoisie … is different from the Feudal code of the past, of the knightly classes, and of Chivalry; it is different from the Democratic code of the future—of brotherhood and of equality; it is the code of the Commercial age and its distinctive watchword is—property. The Respectability of today is the respectability of property. There is nothing so respectable as being well-off.
** [[Edward Carpenter]] (1889) ''Defence of Criminals: A Criticism of Morality''.

* Utilitarianism had found [in [[w:Samuel Smiles|Samuel Smiles’]] ''Self-Help''] its portrait gallery of heroes, inscribed with a vigorous exhortation to all men to strive in their image; this philistine romanticism established the bourgeois hero-prototype—the penniless office-boy who works his way to economic fortune and this wins his way into the mercantile plutocracy.
** [[John Carroll]], ''Break-Out from the Crystal Palace'' (1974), p. 12.

==D==
* When the bourgeoisie sees power slipping from its grasp, it has recourse to fascism to maintain itself.
** [[Buenaventura Durruti]], as quoted in ''Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Spain'' (1963).

==E==
* I have never seen a class so deeply demoralised, so incurably debased by selfishness, so corroded within, so incapable of progress, as the English bourgeoisie; and I mean by this, especially the bourgeoisie proper, particularly the Liberal, [[w:Corn laws|Corn Law]] repealing bourgeoisie. For it nothing exists in this world, except for the sake of money, itself not excluded. It knows no bliss save that of rapid gain, no pain save that of losing gold. In the presence of this avarice and lust of gain, it is not possible for a single human sentiment or opinion to remain untainted.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''The Condition of the Working Class in England'' (1845)

* The class of big capitalists, who, in all civilized countries, are already in almost exclusive possession of all the means of subsistance and of the instruments (machines, factories) and materials necessary for the production of the means of subsistence. This is the bourgeois class, or the bourgeoisie.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* Wherever big industries displaced manufacture, the bourgeoisie developed in wealth and power to the utmost and made itself the first class of the country. The result was that wherever this happened, the bourgeoisie took political power into its own hands and displaced the hitherto ruling classes, the aristocracy, the guildmasters, and their representative, the absolute monarchy. The bourgeoisie annihilated the power of the aristocracy, the nobility, by abolishing the entailment of estates – in other words, by making landed property subject to purchase and sale, and by doing away with the special privileges of the nobility. It destroyed the power of the guildmasters by abolishing guilds and handicraft privileges. In their place, it put competition – that is, a state of society in which everyone has the right to enter into any branch of industry, the only obstacle being a lack of the necessary capital.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* The introduction of free competition is thus public declaration that from now on the members of society are unequal only to the extent that their capitals are unequal, that capital is the decisive power, and that therefore the capitalists, the bourgeoisie, have become the first class in society. Free competition is necessary for the establishment of big industry, because it is the only condition of society in which big industry can make its way.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* Having destroyed the social power of the nobility and the guildmasters, the bourgeois also destroyed their political power. Having raised itself to the actual position of first class in society, it proclaims itself to be also the dominant political class. This it does through the introduction of the representative system which rests on bourgeois equality before the law and the recognition of free competition, and in European countries takes the form of constitutional monarchy. In these constitutional monarchies, only those who possess a certain capital are voters – that is to say, only members of the bourgeoisie. These bourgeois voters choose the deputies, and these bourgeois deputies, by using their right to refuse to vote taxes, choose a bourgeois government.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* Everywhere the proletariat develops in step with the bourgeoisie. In proportion, as the bourgeoisie grows in wealth, the proletariat grows in numbers.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* Bourgeoisie and proletariat have become the decisive classes, and the struggle between them the great struggle of the day.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* Some propose mere welfare measures – while others come forward with grandiose systems of reform which, under the pretense of re-organizing society, are in fact intended to preserve the foundations, and hence the life, of existing society. Communists must unremittingly struggle against these bourgeois socialists because they work for the enemies of communists and protect the society which communists aim to overthrow.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

* Since the communists cannot enter upon the decisive struggle between themselves and the bourgeoisie until the bourgeoisie is in power, it follows that it is in the interest of the communists to help the bourgeoisie to power as soon as possible in order the sooner to be able to overthrow it.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], ''{{w|Principles of Communism}}'' (1847)

==F==
* "Brother," "sister," "comrade" are words outlawed by the colonialist bourgeoisie because in their thinking my brother is my wallet and my comrade, my scheming.
** [[Frantz Fanon]], ''The Wretched of the Earth'' (1963), p. 10.

* ''La haine du Bourgeois est le commencement de la vertu.''
** Hatred of the bourgeois is the beginning of wisdom.
** [[Gustave Flaubert]], Letter to [[George Sand]], May 10, 1867.

* The bourgeoisie is a synonym for modern society. The word designates the class that gradually destroyed, by its free activity, the old aristocratic society founded on a hierarchy of birth.
** [[w:François Furet | François Furet]], ''The Passing of an Illusion, The Idea of Communism in the Twentieth Century'', University of Chicago Press (1999) p. 4

* The whole dream of democracy is to raise the proletarian to the level of bourgeois stupidity.
** [[Gustave Flaubert]] (1871), Letter to [[George Sand]].

* Be regular and orderly in your life like a bourgeois, so that you may be violent and original in your work.
** [[Gustave Flaubert]] (1876), Letter to Gertrude Tennant, December 25, 1876.

==G==

* The political bourgeoisie is about to leave the stage of history. In its place advance the oppressed producers of the head and hand, the forces of Labor (Arbeitertum), to being their historical mission.
** “Warum sind wir Sozialisten,” ''[[w:Der Angriff | Der Angriff]]'' editorial, July 16, 1928, reprinted in ''Der Angriff'', Munich 1935, p. 223. David Schoenbaum, ''Hitler's Social Revolution: Class and Status in Nazi Germany, 1933-1939'', W.W. Norton & Company (1997) p. 25
** [[Joseph Goebbels]] as quoted in "Erkenntnis und Propaganda," Signale der neuen Zeit. 25 ausgewählte Reden von Dr. Joseph Goebbels (Munich: Zentralverlag der NSDAP., 1934), pp. 28-52
** The Pharus Hall was a meeting hall the Nazis often used in Berlin.

* Hypocrisy is the characteristic feature of the dying bourgeois epoch.
** Joseph Goebbels, ''Die Heuchelei ist das charakteristische Merkmal der untergehenden bürgerlichen Epoche.''

* The bourgeois ... considered the ''[[w:Philosophes|philosophes]]'' to be his true guides, which did not prevent him from taking good care not to adopt their teachings once he realized they might be damaging to the interests of his class. ... He seemed quite disposed to make his peace with the Church, now that he was sure of being sufficiently emancipated to be able to live his life as he chose. To go farther, he feared, would be to act contrary to the interests of his class, for disbelief, by spreading among the people, might eventually endanger the principles of the social order which the bourgeoisie needed to establish its domination.
** [[Bernard Groethuysen]], ''The Bourgeois: Catholicism vs. Capitalism in Eighteenth-Century France'' (1927), as translated by Mary Ilford (1968), p. 46

==H==

* The [[w:Steppenwolf (novel)|Steppenwolf]] stood entirely outside the world of convention, since he had neither family life nor social ambitions. He felt himself to be single and alone, whether as a queer fellow and a hermit in poor health, or as a person removed from the common run of men by the prerogative of talents that had something of genius in them. Deliberately, he looked down upon the ordinary man and was proud that he was not one. Nevertheless his life in many aspects was thoroughly ordinary. … He was secretly and persistently attracted to the little bourgeois world, to those quiet and respectable homes with tidy gardens, irreproachable stair-cases and their whole modest air of order and comfort. It pleased him to set himself outside it, with his little vices and extravagances, as a queer fellow or a genius, but he never had his domicile in those provinces of life where the bourgeoisie had ceased to exist. He was not at ease with violent and exceptional persons or with criminals and outlaws, and he took up his abode always among the middle classes, with whose habits and standards and atmosphere he stood in a constant relation, even though it might be one of contrast and revolt.
** [[Herman Hesse]], ''Steppenwolf'', B. Creighton, trans., (New York: 1990), pp. 50-51.

* What we call bourgeois, when regarded as an element always to be found in human life, is nothing else than the search for a balance. It is the striving after a mean between the countless extremes and opposites that arise in human conduct. If we take any one of these coupled opposites, such as piety and profligacy, the analogy is immediately comprehensible. It is open to a man to give himself up wholly to spiritual views, to seeking after God, to the ideal of saintliness. On the other hand, he can equally give himself up entirely to the life of instinct, to the lusts of the flesh, and so direct all his efforts to the attainment of momentary pleasures. The one path leads to the saint, to the martyrdom of the spirit and surrender to God. The other path leads to the profligate, to the martyrdom of the flesh, the surrender to corruption. Now it is between the two, in the middle of the road, that the bourgeois seeks to walk. .... He strives neither for the saintly nor its opposite. The absolute is his abhorrence. He may be ready to serve God, but not by giving up the fleshpots. He is ready to be virtuous, but likes to be easy and comfortable in this world as well. In short, his aim is to make a home for himself between two extremes in a temperate zone without violent storms and tempests; and in this he succeeds though it be at the cost of that intensity of life and feeling which an extreme life affords. A man cannot live intensely except at the cost of the self. Now the bourgeois treasures nothing more highly than the self (rudimentary as his may be). And so at the cost of intensity he achieves his own preservation and security. His harvest is a quiet mind which he prefers to being possessed by God, as he does comfort to pleasure, convenience to liberty, and a pleasant temperature to that deathly inner consuming fire. The bourgeois is consequently by nature a creature of weak impulses, anxious, fearful of giving himself away and easy to rule.
** [[Herman Hesse]], ''Steppenwolf'', B. Creighton, trans., (New York: 1990), pp. 51-52.

* Bourgeois society is ruled by equivalence. It makes dissimilar things comparable by reducing them to abstract quantities. For the Enlightenment, anything which cannot be resolved into numbers, and ultimately into one, is illusion; modern positivism consigns it to poetry.
** [[Horkheimer]] and [[Adorno]] (1947) ''Dialectic of Enlightenment'', E. Jephcott, trans. 1972, p. 4.

* With the spread of the bourgeois commodity economy the dark horizon of myth is illuminated by the sun of calculating reason, beneath whose icy rays the seeds of the new barbarism are germinating.
** [[Max Horkheimer]] and [[Theodor Adorno]] (1947) ''[[Dialectic of Enlightenment]]'', E. Jephcott, trans. 1972, p. 25.

==J==
* Nietzsche, driven by the absolute demand of his existential truthfulness, could not abide the bourgeois world, even when its representative had human nobility.
** [[Karl Jaspers]], ''Nietzsche'', C. Walraff and F. Schmitz, trans. (Baltimore: 1997).

==K==
* “Most men live in order to make a living; when they have that, they live in order to make a good living; when they have that, they die. …
: “This comment can be developed into a demonstration of human immortality. This demonstration could be stated as follows: It is the destiny of every human being to make a good living. If he dies before he does that, he has not fulfilled his destiny. …But if he makes a good living, then he has achieved his destiny, but the destiny of making a good living cannot be that he is supposed to die, but, on the contrary, that he is supposed to live well on his good living—ergo, man is immortal.”
:* [[Søren Kierkegaard]] (1843), Judge William describing A’s view, ''[[w:Either/Or|Either-Or]]'', H. Hong, trans. (1987), part 2, p. 279

* If there were no politics, then all the bourgeois would have to fill him would be his inner life, i.e., nothing.
** [[Karl Kraus]] (1874–1936), ''Dicta and Contradicta'', J. McVity, trans. (2001), #393.

==L==
* It is not what he feels and aspires that moves him primarily; it is what the folks about him will think of him.
** [[Sinclair Lewis]], describing the protagonist of ''Babbitt'' (1922)

*The real villains of the piece are the clean, kind, industrious Family Men who use every known brand of trickery and cruelty to insure the prosperity of their cubs. The worst thing about these fellows is that they're so good and, in their work at least, so intelligent. You can't hate them properly, and yet their standardized minds are the enemy.
** [[Sinclair Lewis]], ''Babbitt'' (1922), Chapter 7

==M==
* While this bourgeois order found its rich—and even affirmative—representation in art and literature, … it remained an order which was over-shadowed, broken, refuted by another dimension which was irreconcilably antagonistic to the order of business, indicting it and denying it. And in the literature, this other dimension is represented not by the religious, spiritual, moral heroes (who often sustain the established order) but rather by such disruptive characters as the artist. the prostitute, the adulteress, the great criminal and outcast, the warrior, the rebel-poet, the devil, the fool—those who don't earn a living, at least not in an orderly and normal way. To be sure, these characters have not disappeared from the literature of advanced industrial society, but they … perform a function very different from and even contrary to that of their cultural predecessors. They are no longer images of another way of life but rather freaks or types of the same life, serving as an affirmation rather than negation of the established order.
** [[Herbert Marcuse]], ''One Dimensional Man'' (1964), pp. 58-59.

* The bourgeoisie, wherever it has got the upper hand, has put an end to all feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations. It has pitilessly torn asunder the motley of ties that bound man to his “natural superiors,” and left remaining no other nexus between man and man than naked self-interest, than callous “cash payment.” It has drowned the most heavenly ecstasies of religious fervor, of chivalrous enthusiasm, of philistine sentimentalism, in the icy water of egotistical calculation. It has resolved personal worth into exchange value.
** [[Karl Marx]] (1848), ''The Communist Manifesto'', Section 1, paragraph 14, lines 1-5.

* The bourgeoisie has stripped of its halo every occupation hitherto honored and looked up to with reverent awe. It has converted the physician, the lawyer, the priest, the poet, the man of science, into its paid {{w|wage labor}}ers.
** [[Karl Marx]], ''The Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (1848)

==N==

* The term bourgeois I use following [[Gustave Flaubert|Flaubert]], not [[Karl Marx|Marx]]. Bourgeois in Flaubert's sense is a state of mind, not a state of pocket. A bourgeois is a smug [[philistine]], a dignified vulgarian. … The character I have in view when I say "smug vulgarian" is, thus, not the part-time philistine, but the total type, the genteel bourgeois, the complete universal product of triteness and mediocrity. He is the [[conformist]], the man who conforms to his group, and he also is typified by something else: he is a pseudo-idealist, he is pseudo-compassionate, he is pseudo-wise.
** [[Vladimir Nabokov]], “Philistines and Philistinism,” in ''Lectures on Russian Literature'' (1981).

* It’s the music in our conscience, the dance in our spirit, which wants to make all Puritan litanies, all moral sermons, and petty bourgeois respectability sound out of tune.
** [[Friedrich Nietzsche]] (1886) ''Beyond Good and Evil'', I. Johnston, trans., § 216.

==P==
* Middle class, middle man, incapable of great virtue or great vice: and there would be nothing wrong with that, if only he would be willing to remain as such; but, when his child-like or feminine tendency to camouflage pushes him to dream of grandeur, honours, and thus riches, which he cannot achieve honestly with his own "second-rate" powers, then the average man compensates with cunning, schemes, and mischief; he kicks out ethics, and becomes a bourgeois.
** Roberto Paravese, "Bonifica antiborghese", in Edgardo Sulis (ed.), ''Processo alla borghesia'', Roma: Edizioni Roma (1939), pp. 51–70

* The bourgeois is the average man who does not accept to remain such, and who, lacking the strength sufficient for the conquest of essential values—those of the spirit—opts for material ones, for appearances.
** Roberto Paravese, "Bonifica antiborghese", in Edgardo Sulis (ed.), ''Processo alla borghesia'', Roma: Edizioni Roma (1939), pp. 51–70

* The economic strangulation of today, that scientific, cold, rectangular, clean, clearcut, seamless, implacable, wise, common, constant, convenient-as-a-virtue strangulation; that strangulation where there is nothing to be said and where the strangled one is so obviously in the wrong, did not exist. … The people of those days would have blushed for our best tone of today, which is the bourgeois tone. And today, everyone is bourgeois.
** [[Charles Péguy]], ''Basic Verities'', A. & J. Green, trans. (New York: 1943), p. 79

* Towards this fine honor of a trade converged all the finest, all the most noble sentiments—dignity, pride. Never ask anything of anyone, they used to say. … In those days a workman did not know what it was to solicit. It is the bourgeoisie who, turning the workmen into bourgeois, have taught them to solicit.
** [[Charles Péguy]], ''Basic Verities'', A. & J. Green, trans. (New York: 1943), p. 83

==R==

* In [[antiquity|classical cultures]], an ascended class had to justify itself before those now below in the social structure. But the culture revolution of our time has eliminated this need for class- as well as self-justification. Nevertheless, those below still seek to emulate the ascendant [[social class]], without being convinced of its superiority.
** [[Philip Rieff]], ''The Triumph of the Therapeutic'' (1966), chapter 2.

==S==

* The one version of the bourgeois comprises the artisan, the trader, the official, the financier, and the entrepreneur, all of whom, in their own way, can claim to know what labor is. Juxtaposed to them from the beginning, stands a type of bourgeois who does research, writes poetry, composes and makes music, and philosophizes and who believes that these activities develop a world that is self-sufficient. It is obvious that these two fractions of the bourgeois ego get on only superficially and come together only in the hollow connection of property and cultivation. They create the century-long tension between the good and the evil bourgeois, the idealist and the exploiter, the visionary and the pragmatist, the ideally liberated bourgeois and the laboring bourgeois. This tension remains as inexhaustible as that between the world of work and “freedom” in general.
** [[Peter Sloterdijk]], ''Critique of Cynical Reason'', M. Eldred, trans. (1987), pp. 63-64.

* It is held that one fulfils his whole duty when he is industrious in his business or vocation, observing also the decencies of domestic, civil, and religious life. But activity of this kind stirs only the surface of our being, leaving what is most divine to starve; and when it is made the one important thing, men lose sense for what is high and holy, and become commonplace, mechanical, and hard. Science is valuable for them as a means to comfort and wealth; morality, as an aid to success; religion, as an agent of social order. In their eyes those who devote themselves to ideal aims and ends are as foolish as the alchemists, since the only real world is that of business and politics, or of business simply, since politics is business.
** [[John Lancaster Spalding]], ''Aphorisms and Reflections'' (1901), p. 14

* The conversation of the true bourgeois about men and life, which is no more than a collection of ugly details, brings on a profound attack of spleen when I am obliged out of propriety to listen to it for any length of time.
** [[Stendhal]] (1835–1836), ''The Life of Henry Brulard'', J. Sturrock, trans., p. 223.

==W==
* The man of culture finds the whole past relevant; the bourgeois and the barbarian find relevant only what has some pressing connection with their appetite.
** [[Richard Weaver]], ''Ideas Have Consequences'' (Chicago: 1948).

* The bourgeoisie first betrayed society through capitalism and finance, and now labor betrays it by embracing a scheme of things which sees profit only, not duty and honor, in work.
** [[Richard Weaver]], ''Ideas Have Consequences'' (Chicago: 1948), p. 75.

== See also ==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
* [[American middle class]]
* [[Capital]]
* [[Capitalism]]
* [[Conformity]]
* [[Cowardice]]
* [[Greed]]
* [[Money]]
* [[Philistinism]]
{{col-2}}
* [[Professional]]
* [[Proletariat]]
* [[Property]]
* [[Property rights]]
* [[Protestant ethic]]
* [[Ruling class]]
{{col-end}}

== External links ==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wiktionary|bourgeoisie}}

[[Category:Sociology]]

Free market

2020-10-19T15:46:27Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880541 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

{{For|the trade policy|Free trade}}

[[File:Global Distribution of Wealth v3.svg|thumb|right|Vulgar [[libertarian]] apologists for [[capitalism]] use the term "free market" in an equivocal sense: they seem to have trouble remembering, from one moment to the next, whether they’re defending actually existing capitalism or free market principles. ... When prodded, they’ll grudgingly admit that the present system is not a free market, and that it includes a lot of state intervention on behalf of the rich. But as soon as they think they can get away with it, they go right back to defending the wealth of existing corporations. ~ [[Kevin Carson]]]]
[[File:フタバ図書TERA広島府中店.jpg|thumb|If by free market one means a market that is autonomous and spontaneous, free from political controls, then there is no such thing as a free market at all. It is simply a myth. ~ [[Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri]]]]

In [[economics]], a '''{{w|free market}}''' is a [[Economic system|system]] in which the {{w|price}}s for {{w|goods and services}} are determined by the {{w|open market}} and by {{w|consumer}}s.

==Quotes==

* One of the most prevalent ideological mantras of [[w:Western world|Western]] [[capitalism]] is that the [[market]] should rule. But as the [[w:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|latest health]] and [[2020 stock market crash|economic crises]] demonstrate, capitalists soon forget their worship of the market when times get tough. They scream [[Corporate welfare|for government money]], and plenty of it. It turns out that “the market” is fine when it comes to whipping [[Working class|workers]] to accept [[w:Wage slavery#Lower wages|lower wages]], but when it comes to lower [[profit]]s, the market can go hang.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* Every student with the misfortune to have studied [[economics]] at school or university will know that “the market” is the god before which we must all kneel. Markets bring {{w|consumer}}s and [[w:Production (economics)|producers]] together to ensure an [[Economic equilibrium|equilibrium]] of {{w|supply and demand}}, the textbooks tell us. We may all be [[Invisible hand|individuals each pursuing our own private interests]], but this selfish endeavour miraculously results in an optimum outcome for all. You don’t even have to step inside a classroom to have received this lesson. It’s rammed home in normal times in every newspaper, in every news bulletin on the TV, in every politician’s speech. Just listen to them. Governments can’t expand [[Government spending|spending]] on [[w:Social security in Australia#Newstart Allowance|Newstart]] because “the markets” won’t allow it. Governments shouldn’t ramp up [[w:Public housing in Australia|public housing]] because that will throw [[w:Australian property market|property markets]] into a spin. [[Competition]] should be opened between universities because a [[w:For-profit education|market in education]] will sift out the bad providers from the good. The champions of the market, if challenged to explain how it is that markets consistently result in [[w:Supply (economics)|supplies]] of [[goods]] lurching from [[w:Scarcity|shortages]] to [[w:General glut|gluts]], point to the economic dysfunction of the old [[w:Economy of the Soviet Union|Soviet Union]] as proof that if “[[w:Economic planning|planning]]” replaces the market, a much bigger disaster ensues. It doesn’t take an [[Einstein]] to see what rubbish this is. The last thing any [[Bourgeoisie|capitalist]] wants is “free competition”, because that might squeeze [[w:Profit maximization|their profits]]. Just look at how the supermarkets have destroyed small shops or how any new industry that emerges is soon [[w:Oligopoly|dominated by three or four companies]] globally.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* But there’s another angle to this. Capitalists preach “the market” for the working class – stand on your own two feet, [[Welfare|don’t rely on the government]] – but themselves sponge off the public big time. Just look at the billions in [[w:Energy subsidy|subsidies]] and [[w:Tax incentive|tax concessions]] the [[w:Fossil fuel#Industry|fossil fuel companies]], huge enterprises for the most part, extract from state and federal governments [[w:Energy policy of Australia#Fossil fuels|in Australia]]. [[w:Automotive industry in Australia|The vehicle manufacturers]] raked in hundreds of millions a year from the {{w|Australian government}} for decades until deciding it wasn’t enough and went overseas. This is why [[w:Big business|big companies]] and [[industry]] groups hire armies of [[w:Revolving door (politics)|former politicians to lobby]] on their behalf in the offices of [[w:Premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories|premiers]] and [[w:Prime Minister of Australia|prime ministers]] – there’s money in government coffers and they want it. And while the capitalists talk about “the market” setting [[wages]] for workers, in reality, they don’t really allow the market to do the job. They use the whole apparatus of [[Oppression|state repression]], the [[w:Labor court|industrial tribunals]], the [[police]], the courts to suppress [[w:Labor rights|workers]]’ [[Freedom of association|rights to organise]] to pursue their demands. But when a [[w:Financial crisis|crisis]] hits all the bullshit about the market is thrown to the winds. And that is just what we are seeing now. Faced with the [[w:Economic collapse|collapse]] of the capitalist economy, for the second time in a dozen years, with massive bankruptcies on the table and the [[stock market]] plunging by more than 30 percent and more to come, fervent advocates of the free market are now embracing [[w:Economic intervention|government intervention]] to save their skins.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* The current crisis demonstrates not only that all the ideological nonsense about the virtues of the free market is quickly thrown overboard when capitalist interests are threatened, but also that the idea that governments are essentially powerless in the face of the markets is rubbish. Governments are not helpless victims who cannot do anything in the face of “economic reality”. In the normal course of events, when we demand things like better welfare, health care or education, governments tell us that it isn’t possible.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* The current crisis demonstrates not only that all the ideological nonsense about the virtues of the free market is quickly thrown overboard when capitalist interests are threatened, but also that the idea that governments are essentially powerless in the face of the markets is rubbish. Governments are not helpless victims who cannot do anything in the face of “economic reality”. In the normal course of events, when we demand things like better welfare, health care or education, governments tell us that it isn’t possible.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* So, in an economic emergency, few of the usual rules apply. Governments can marshal the resources and can threaten the narrow interests of [[w:Privately held company|private businesses]]. Hardcore [[w:Right-libertarianism|libertarians]] despise these measures as rampant [[socialism]]. From their perspective, they’re right: the very existence of such programs is condemnation of the free market capitalist model that they promote. But they are best seen only as another approach to the management of the capitalist economy. The fact that governments across the {{w|OECD}} are now prepared to spend trillions of dollar to save the {{w|financial system}} from collapse only confirms that the [[world economy]] cannot be left safely in the hands of “the market”. And, the situation clearly confirms that when the capitalist class and governments deem it necessary to save their system, lots of measures they once denounced as “unaffordable”, not permitted by the condition of “the economy”, are actually affordable and permitted. Governments can act when required. The ideological justifications of yesterday are revealed as threadbare. But nor are government interventions of this nature geared towards the interests of the working class, only the interests of the bosses.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* Vulgar [[libertarian]] apologists for [[capitalism]] use the term "free market" in an equivocal sense: they seem to have trouble remembering, from one moment to the next, whether they’re defending actually existing capitalism or free market principles. So we get the standard boilerplate article arguing that the rich can’t get rich at the expense of the poor, because "that’s not how the free market works"—implicitly assuming that this is a free market. When prodded, they’ll grudgingly admit that the present system is not a free market, and that it includes a lot of state intervention on behalf of the rich. But as soon as they think they can get away with it, they go right back to defending the wealth of existing corporations.
** [[Kevin Carson]], ''Studies in Mutualist Political Economy'' (2007), chapter 4.

* Greg, what are you talking about? Ending corruption? Like there’s a version of this society that isn’t corrupt? Corruption isn’t the exception, it’s the norm. It’s baked in. The whole idea of using markets to figure out who gets what is predicated on corruption—it’s a way to paper over the fact that some people get a lot, most of us get not much, and so we invent a deus ex machina called market forces that hands out money based on merit. How do we know that the market is giving it to deserving people? Well, look at all the money they have! It’s just circular reasoning.
** [[Cory Doctorow]], ''The Man Who Sold the Moon'' in Ed Finn & [[w:Kathryn Cramer|Kathryn Cramer]] (eds.) ''[[w:Project Hieroglyph|Hieroglyph: Stories and Visions for a Better Future]]'' (2014), {{ISBN|978-0-06-220469-1}}, p. 150

* The free market system is implied, [[Friedrich Hayek|Hayek]] felt, by his ontology in order to attain maximum human [[productivity]], the highest standard of living for all—the utilitarian-liberal-socialist-communist-libertarian goal. The division and paucity of individual knowledge renders a market economy necessary for optimal economic productivity. The utilization and communication of information and knowledge are critical.
** [[Alan Ebenstein]], ''Hayek's Journey: The Mind of Friedrich Hayek'' (2003), Ch. 10. Epistemology, Psychology, and Methodology

* Underlying most arguments against the free market is a lack of belief in freedom itself.
** [[Milton Friedman]], ''Capitalism & Freedom'' (1962).

* Faith in natural order and market efficiency forecloses a full normative assessment of market outcomes. ... It effectively depoliticizes the market itself and its outcomes. It is only when the illusion of natural order is lifted that a real problem arises: that of the justice of the organizational rules and their distributional consequences.
** [[Bernard Harcourt]], ''The Illusion of Free Markets: Punishment and the Myth of Natural Order'' (2011), p. 32.

* If by free market one means a market that is autonomous and spontaneous, free from political controls, then there is no such thing as a free market at all. It is simply a myth.
** [[Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri]], in ''Multitude'', p. 167.

* [[People]] commonly [[think]] of [[neoliberalism]] as an [[ideology]] that promotes totally [[free markets]], where the state retreats from the scene and abandons all [[w:Interventionism (politics)|interventionist policies]]. But if we step back a bit, it becomes clear that the extention of neoliberalism has entailed [[powerful]] new forms of state intervention. The creation of a global 'free market' required not only [[violent]] [[w:Coup d'état|coups]] and [[dictatorships]] backed by [[w:Western world|Western]] [[governments]], but also the invention of a totalizing global [[bureaucracy]] – the {{w|World Bank}}, the {{w|IMF}}, the {{w|WTO}} and [[w:Bilateral agreement |bilateral]] {{w|free-trade agreement}}s – with reams of new [[laws]], backed up by the {{w|military power}} of [[w:United States involvement in regime change|the United States]]. In other words, an unprecedented expansion of [[w:Power (international relations)|state power]] was necessary [[Coercion|to force]] [[countries]] around the [[world]] to [[w:Economic liberalization|liberalize]] their [[market]]s against their [[will]]. As the {{w|global south}} has known ever since the {{w|Opium Wars}} in {{w|1842}}, when [[British Empire|British]] gunboats invaded China in order to knock down China's trade barriers, free trade has never actually been about [[freedom]]. On the contrary, as we have seen, free trade has a tendency to gradually undermine {{w|national sovereignty}} and {{w|electoral democracy}}.
** [[Jason Hickel]], ''The Divide: A Brief Guide to Global Inequality and its Solutions'' (2018) p. 218

* [Securing] resources for large-scale economic transformational change [...] can be achieved by a government committed to subordinating markets in money, goods and services to regulatory democracy [...]. 'Free-market' neoliberal economic policies that detach markets from society's oversight achieve the reverse. They are designed to subject markets to private, not public, democratic authority.
** {{Cite book
| last = Lewis
| first = Clive
| authorlink = Clive Lewis (politician)
| editor =
| title = This Is Not a Drill: An [[Extinction Rebellion]] Handbook
| year = 2019
| location = London
| publisher = Penguin Books
| pages = 155-161
| chapter = A Green New Deal
| ISBN = 9780141991443
}}

* Government doesn’t "intrude" on the "free market." It creates the market. ... Those who argue for "less government" area really arguing for a different government – often one that favors them or their patrons.
** [[Robert Reich]], ''Saving Capitalism: For the Many, Not the Few'', 2015.

== See also ==
* [[Capitalism]]
* [[Economics]]
* [[Economic inequality]]
* [[Economic liberalism]]
* [[Free trade]]
* ''[[Laissez-faire]]''
* [[Market]]
* [[Market failure]]
* [[Market socialism]]

== External links ==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wiktionary|free market}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Free market}}
[[Category:Liberalism]]
[[Category:Economic systems]]

Che Guevara

2020-10-19T15:46:26Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880543 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:GuerrilleroHeroico.jpg|thumb|If you are capable of trembling with indignation each time that an injustice is committed anywhere in the world, we are comrades.]]
[[w:Che Guevara|'''Ernesto''' "'''Che'''" '''Guevara''']] ([[June 14|14 June]] [[1928]] – [[October 9|9 October]] [[1967]]), commonly known as '''Che Guevara''', '''El Che''', or simply '''Che''', was an [[w:Argentine|Argentine]] [[w:Marxist|Marxist]] [[w:revolutionary|revolutionary]], [[w:politician|politician]], [[w:author|author]], [[w:physician|physician]], [[w:Military theory|military theorist]], and [[w:guerrilla|guerrilla]] leader during the [[w:Cuban revolution|Cuban revolution]]. Following his execution in [[w:Bolivia|Bolivia]], he became both a stylised [[w:Counterculture of the 1960s|countercultural icon]] and symbol of rebellion for leftist movements worldwide.

== Quotes ==
[[File:CheG1951.jpg|thumb|I had the opportunity to pass through the dominions of the United Fruit, convincing me once again of just how terrible these capitalist octopuses are.]]
[[File:Che_Guevara_June_2,_1959.jpg|thumb|I am not a liberator. Liberators do not exist. The people liberate themselves.]]
[[File:El_Che_Vive_-_Argentina_-_Marcha_25-May-06_-_2.jpg|thumb|I knew that the moment the great governing spirit strikes the blow to divide all humanity into just two opposing factions, I would be on the side of the common people.]]
[[File:CheinBolivia1.jpg|thumb|One must harden without ever losing tenderness.]]
[[File:CheMosaicInMatanzas.jpg|thumb|The revolution is not an apple that falls when it is ripe. You have to make it fall.]]
[[File:CheTriContinental.jpg|thumb|I am not interested in dry economic socialism. We are fighting against misery, but we are also fighting against alienation.]]
[[File:CheBillboardCubanHW.jpg|thumb|The victory of the Cuban Revolution will be a tangible demonstration before all the Americas that peoples are capable of rising up, that they can rise up by themselves under the very fangs of the monster.]]

* '''I knew that the moment the great governing spirit strikes the blow to divide all humanity into just two opposing factions, I would be on the side of the common people.'''
** As quoted in ''Becoming Che : Guevara's Second and Final Trip through Latin America'' (2005) by Carlos "Calica" Ferrer, as translated by Sarah L. Smith (2006), p. 170

* I don't think you and I are very closely related, however, '''if you are capable of trembling with indignation each time that an injustice is committed anywhere in the world, we are comrades''', and that is more important.
** Letter to María Rosario Guevara, 20 February 1964. Quoted in ''Guerrillas in Power: The Course of the Cuban Revolution'' (1971) by K. S. Karol
** Spanish: ''No creo que seamos parientes muy cercanos, pero si Ud. es capaz de temblar de indignación cada vez que se comete una injusticia en el mundo, somos compañeros, que es más importante.''

* In order to know about the illnesses of society, you have to know what men are suffering from, how they suffer.
** As quoted in ''Testimonies About Che'' (2006) by Marta Rojas, p. 85

* '''Real revolutionaries adorn themselves on the inside, not on the surface.'''
** As quoted in ''Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life'' (2010) by John Lee Anderson, p. 178

* We cannot be sure of having something to live for unless we are willing to die for it.
** As quoted in ''Wise Guys : Brilliant Thoughts and Big Talk from Real Men'' (2005) by Allan Zullo, p. 36

* '''I am not a liberator. Liberators do not exist. It exists when people liberate themselves.'''
** Statement in Mexico (1958); as quoted in ''Kaplan AP World History 2005'' (2004) edited by the [[wikipedia:Kaplan, Inc.|Kaplan]] staff, p. 240

* '''The revolution is not an apple that falls when it is ripe. You have to make it fall.'''
** ''Intercontinental Press'' (Vol. 3 January-April 1965); also, in ''Che Guevara speaks: Selected Speeches and Writings'' (1967)

* Silence is argument carried out by other means.
** As quoted in ''Secrets to a Richer Life: Illuminating Wisdom from the Human Family on the 12 Ultimate Questions'' (2005) by Earl Ernest Guile

* Words that do not match deeds are unimportant.
** As quoted in ''Seeds of Revolution: A Collection of Axioms, Passages and Proverbs, Volume 1'' (2009) by Iam A. Freeman

* Cruel leaders are replaced only to have new leaders turn cruel!
** As quoted in ''An American Savage'' (2003) by J. Flash (Jeff Flashinski), p. 144

* One has to grow hard but without ever losing tenderness.
** As quoted in ''Essential Care : An Ethics of Human Nature'' (2008) by Leonardo Boff, p. 82

* Calica keeps cursing the filth and, whenever he treads on one of the innumerable turds lining the streets, he looks at his dirty shoes instead of at the sky or a cathedral outlined in space. He does not smell the intangible and evocative matter of which Cuzco is made, but only the odor of stew and excrement. It's a question of temperament.
** Letter to his mother from Cuzco, Peru (22 August 1953); as quoted in [http://books.guardian.co.uk/extracts/story/0,,507694,00.html "Making of a Marxist" in ''The Guardian'' (16 June 2001)]

* Along the way, I had the opportunity to pass through the dominions of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Fruit_Company United Fruit], convincing me once again of just how terrible these capitalist octopuses are. I have sworn before a picture of the old and mourned comrade [[Stalin]] that I won't rest until I see these capitalist octopuses annihilated.
** Letter to his aunt Beatriz describing what he had seen while traveling through Guatemala (1953); as quoted in ''Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life'' (1997) by [[wikipedia:Jon Lee Anderson|Jon Lee Anderson]] {{ISBN|0802116000}} 

* The truth is that after the experiences of my wanderings across all of Latin America, and to top it off, in Guatemala, it didn’t take much to incite me to join any revolution against a tyrant, but Castro impressed me as an extraordinary man. He faced and overcame the most impossible things. He had an exceptional faith that once he left for Cuba, he would arrive. And that once he arrives, he would fight. And that fighting, he would win. I shared his optimism.
** As quoted in ''[http://www.thenation.com/article/archive/it-has-been-50-years-since-che-guevara-was-murdered/ It Has Been 50 Years Since Che Guevara Was Murdered]'', by [[wikipedia:Bill Ayers|Bill Ayers]] and Michael Steven Smith

* I am not Christ or a philanthropist, old lady, I am all the contrary of a Christ.... I fight for the things I believe in, with all the weapons at my disposal and try to leave the other man ''dead'' so that I don't get nailed to a cross or any other place.
** Letter to his mother (July 15, 1956) as quoted in ''Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life'' (1997) by [[wikipedia:Jon Lee Anderson|Jon Lee Anderson]] {{ISBN|0802116000}} 

* The situation was uncomfortable for the people and for [Eutimio], so I ended the problem giving him a shot with a .32 pistol in the right side of the brain, with exit orifice in the right temporal [lobe]. He gasped for a little while and was dead. Upon proceeding to remove his belongings I couldn't get off the watch tied by a chain to his belt, and then he told me in a steady voice farther away than fear: "Yank it off, boy, what does it matter." I did so and his possessions were now mine.
** Diary entry from Sierra Maestra on the execution of [[wikipedia:Eutimio Guerra|Eutimio Guerra]] as an anti-revolutionary spy (January 1957), quoted in ''Che Guevara : A Revolutionary Life'' (1997) by [[wikipedia:Jon Lee Anderson|Jon Lee Anderson]]

* '''What are our primary goals? Our greatest goals?''' The great lines we must follow? From the political point of view, '''the first thing we want is to be masters of our own destiny''', a country free from foreign interference, a country that seeks out its own system of development.
** As quoted in ''Venceremos! The Speeches and Writings of Ernesto Che Guevara'' (1968) by John Gerassi, p. 98

* '''Is it not true that our brotherhood transcends distances, different languages, and the absence of close cultural links, and unites us in the struggle?''' Ought not a Japanese worker be closer to an Argentine laborer, a Bolivian miner, a man working for United Fruit Company or a Cuban cane cutter, than to a Japanese samurai?
** Promoting [[wikipedia:Proletarian internationalism|proletarian internationalism]] in a September 1959 article published in the Mexican review ''Humanismo'', as quoted in ''The Marxism of Che Guevara'' (1973), by [[wikipedia:Michael Löwy|Michael Löwy]], p. 108

* If it is an element of liberation for Latin America, I believe that it should have demonstrated that. Until now, I have not been aware of any such demonstration. The IMF performs an entirely different function: precisely that of ensuring that capital based outside of Latin America controls all of Latin America.
** Regarding the [[wikipedia:International Monetary Fund|International Monetary Fund (IMF)]], in an interview for Radio Rivadavia of Argentina (3 November 1959)

* '''The interests of the IMF represent the big international interests that today seem to be established and concentrated in Wall Street.'''
** Regarding the IMF, in an interview for Radio Rivadavia of Argentina (3 November 1959)

* The government of the United States represents, as its army also does, the finances of the United States. But these finances do not represent the North American people; they represent a small group of financiers, the owners of all the big enterprises... who also exploit the North American people. Clearly they do not exploit them in the same manner that they exploit us, the human beings of inferior races... for we have not had the good fortune of being born from blond, Anglo-Saxon parents. But they do exploit and divide them, they too are divided into blacks and whites, and they too are divided into men and women, union and non-union, employed and unemployed.
** As quoted in ''Che Guevara Speaks: Selected Speeches and Writings'' (1968), by George Lavan, p. 17

* '''What is our ideology?''' If l were asked whether our revolution is Communist, '''I would define it as Marxist'''. Our revolution has discovered by its methods the paths that Marx pointed out.
** As quoted in ''Cuba: A Dissenting Report'' (1960) by Samuel Shapiro, New Republic

* '''I am not interested in dry economic socialism. We are fighting against misery, but we are also fighting against alienation.''' One of the fundamental objectives of Marxism is to remove interest, the factor of individual interest, and gain, from people's psychological motivations. [[Karl Marx|Marx]] was preoccupied both with economic factors and with their repercussions on the spirit. '''If communism isn't interested in this too, it may be a method of distributing goods, but it will never be a revolutionary way of life.'''
** As quoted in ''The Many Faces of Socialism Comparative Sociology and Politics'' (1983) by Paul Hollander, p. 224, {{ISBN|0887387403}} 

* '''The victory of the Cuban Revolution will be a tangible demonstration before all the Americas that peoples are capable of rising up, that they can rise up by themselves under the very fangs of the monster.'''
** As quoted in ''Che Guevara Speaks: Selected Speeches and Writings'' (1968), by George Lavan, p. 24

* The example of a revolution and the lessons it applies for Latin America have destroyed all coffee house theories; we have demonstrated that a small group of men supported by the people without fear of dying can overcome a disciplined regular army and defeat it.
** As quoted in ''[http://www.thenation.com/article/archive/it-has-been-50-years-since-che-guevara-was-murdered/ It Has Been 50 Years Since Che Guevara Was Murdered]'', by Bill Ayers and Michael Steven Smith

* More and more violently, with the impotent rage of the wild beast, who wishes to maintain in the backyards of all her colonial possession, each and every sinecure upon which the American way of life was erected. Let them take heed, those sons of the Pentagon and of North American monopolies who until now have paraded their arrogance up down the lands of America... Cuba is no longer a solitary island... defended only by the vulnerable breasts of her sons... Cuba is now, in addition, a proud Caribbean island defended by the missiles of the greatest military power in history.
** As quoted in ''Venceremos! The Speeches and Writings of Ernesto Che Guevara'' (1968) by John Gerassi, p. 109-110

* If they attack, we shall fight to the end. If the rockets had remained, we would have used them all and directed them against the very heart of the United States, including New York, in our defense against aggression. But we haven’t got them, so we shall fight with what we’ve got.
** Statement in an interview with a reporter for the ''London Daily Worker'' (November 1962), as quoted in ''Companero: The Life and Death of Che Guevara'' (1998), by Jorge G. Castaneda, p. 231, 1st Vintage Books {{ISBN|0679759409}}

* I believe that the fundamental things [[Trotsky]] relied on were wrong, that his later performance was wrong and even obscure in his last decade. And that the Trotskyists have not contributed anything to the revolutionary movement anywhere and where they did more, which was in Peru, in short, they failed because the methods were wrong.
** As quoted in [https://books.google.it/books?id=B7hTDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA313&dq=%22Fusil+contra+fusil.+Reuni%C3%B3n+bimestral%22&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi5zfXm6brsAhUE3aQKHe2RB7wQ6AEwAHoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=%22Fusil%20contra%20fusil.%20Reuni%C3%B3n%20bimestral%22&f=false Las Izquierdas Latinoamericanas: Multiplicidad y Experiencias durante el Siglo XX] (2018) by Caridad Massón, p. 313
** Spanish: ''Yo creo que las cosas fundamentales en que Trotski se basaba estaban erróneas, que su actuación posterior fue una actuación errónea e incluso oscura en su última década. Y que los trotskistas no han aportado nada al movimiento revolucionario en ningún lado y donde hicieron más, que fue en Perú, en definitiva, fracasaron porque los métodos son malos.''

=== Speech to University students (1959) ===

: [http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/COLDguevara.htm# Speech to University students] (17 October 1959).

* Our universities produced lawyers and doctors for the old social system, but did not create enough agricultural extension teachers, agronomists, chemists, or physicists. In fact, we do not even have mathematicians.

* We believe that the state is capable of understanding the needs of the nation; as such, then, the state must participate in the administration and direction of the university.

* '''The university cannot be an ivory tower, far away from the society, removed from the practical accomplishments of the Revolution. If such an attitude is maintained, the university will continue giving our society lawyers that we do not need.'''

* A number of students denounce state intervention and the loss of university autonomy. This student sector reflects its class background while forgetting its revolutionary obligation. This sector has not realized that it has an obligation to workers and peasants. Our workers and peasants died beside the students in order to attain power.

* Great strategic links are being developed abroad to destroy our Revolution. Those forces are trying to attract all those who have been hurt by the Revolution. We do not refer to the embezzlers, criminals, or the members of the old government; we are thinking of those who have remained on the margin of this revolutionary process, those who have lost economically but support the Revolution in a limited way.

* The university, vanguard of our struggling people, cannot become a backward element, but it would become so if the university did not incorporate itself into the great plans of the Revolution.

=== Speech at the University of Las Villas (1959) ===
: [http://www.themilitant.com/2000/6401/640158.html Speech to the University of Las Villas] (28 December 1959).

* How could I as an individual, Ernesto Guevara, accept the degree of Doctor Honoris Causa conferred by the School of Education, since the only education I have imparted has been that of guerrilla camps, harsh words, and fierce example? And I believe such things certainly cannot be transformed into a cap and gown. That is why I continue to wear my Rebel Army uniform.

* '''The university should color itself black and color itself mulatto—not just as regards students but also professors.'''

* Today the people stand at the door of the university, and it is the university that must be flexible. It must color itself black, mulatto, worker, peasant, or else be left without doors. And then the people will tear it apart and paint it with the colors they see fit.

* I would say that in order to reach the people you must feel as if you are part of the people. You must know what the people want, what they need, and what they feel. You must do a little self-analysis, study the university's statistics, and ask how many workers, how many peasants, how many men who make their living by their sweat eight hours a day are here in this university.

* '''This professor standing before you was once a doctor, and by force of circumstance was obliged to take up arms, and after two years graduated as a guerrilla commander.'''

* '''The walls of the educational system must come down. Education should not be a privilege, so the children of those who have money can study.''' Education should be the daily bread of the people of Cuba.

* I began the ups and downs of my career as a university student, a member of the middle class, a doctor who shared the same horizons, the same youthful aspirations you have. In the course of the struggle, however, I changed and became convinced of the imperative need for revolution, and of the great justice of the people's cause.

=== On Revolutionary Medicine (1960) ===
[[File:Che_Guevara_statue_closeup.jpg|thumb|The life of a single human being is worth a million times more than all the property of the richest man on earth.]]
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1960/08/19.htm "On Revolutionary Medicine"], speech delivered to the Cuban Militia (16 August 1960).
[[File:Che_Guevara_statue.jpg|thumb|Much more definitive and much more lasting than all the gold that one can accumulate is the gratitude of a people.]]

* '''After graduation, due to special circumstances and perhaps also to my character, I began to travel throughout America, and I became acquainted with all of it.''' Except for Haiti and Santo Domingo, I have visited, to some extent, all the other Latin American countries. Because of the circumstances in which I traveled, first as a student and later as a doctor, I came into close contact with poverty, hunger and disease; with the inability to treat a child because of lack of money; with the stupefaction provoked by the continual hunger and punishment, to the point that a father can accept the loss of a son as an unimportant accident, as occurs often in the downtrodden classes of our American homeland. And I began to realize at that time that there were things that were almost as important to me as becoming famous for making a significant contribution to medical science: I wanted to help those people.

* '''The desire to sacrifice an entire lifetime to the noblest of ideals serves no purpose if one works alone.'''

* Our youth must always be free, discussing and exchanging ideas concerned with what is happening throughout the entire world.

* Everything we thought and felt in that past period ought to be deposited in an archive, and a new type of human being created.

* The task of educating and feeding youngsters, the task of educating the army, the task of distributing the lands of the former absentee landlords to those who laboured every day upon that same land without receiving its benefits, are accomplishments of social medicine.

* '''In the future individualism ought to be the efficient utilization of the whole individual for the absolute benefit of a collectivity.'''
* '''In order to change a way of thinking, it is necessary to undergo profound internal changes and to witness profound external changes, especially in the performance of our duties and obligations to society.'''

* We brought ten thousand head of cattle to the Sierra one day and said to the peasants, simply, "Eat". And the peasants, for the first time in years and years, some for the first time in their lives, ate beef.

* '''The life of a single human being is worth a million times more than all the property of the richest man on earth.'''

* '''Far more important than a good remuneration is the pride of serving one's neighbor.'''

* '''Much more definitive and much more lasting than all the gold that one can accumulate is the gratitude of a people.'''

* We should not go to the people and say, "Here we are. We come to give you the charity of our presence, to teach you our science, to show you your errors, your lack of culture, your ignorance of elementary things." We should go instead with an inquiring mind and a humble spirit to learn at that great source of wisdom that is the people.

* Our enemy, and the enemy of all America, is the monopolistic government of the United States of America.

=== Notes on the Cuban Revolution (1960) ===
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1960/10/08.htm "Notes for the Study of the Ideology of the Cuban Revolution" (8 October 1960)]

[[File:Karl_Marx_001.jpg|thumb|The merit of Marx is that he suddenly produces a qualitative change in the history of social thought... he expresses a revolutionary concept: the world must not only be interpreted, it must be transformed.]]

* '''When asked whether or not we are Marxists, our position is the same as that of a physicist or a biologist when asked if he is a "Newtonian," or if he is a "Pasteurian".''' There are truths so evident, so much a part of people's knowledge, that it is now useless to discuss them.

* One ought to be "Marxist' with the same naturalness with which one is "Newtonian" in physics, or "Pasteurian" in biology, considering that if facts determine new concepts, these new concepts will never divest themselves of that portion of truth possessed by the older concepts they have outdated.

* '''The merit of [[Karl Marx|Marx]] is that he suddenly produces a qualitative change in the history of [[social thought]].''' He interprets history, understands its dynamic, predicts the future, but in addition to predicting it (which would satisfy his scientific obligation), '''he expresses a revolutionary concept: the world must not only be interpreted, it must be transformed.''' Man ceases to be the slave and tool of his environment and converts himself into the architect of his own destiny.

* At that moment Marx puts himself in a position where he becomes the necessary target of all who have a special interest in maintaining the old-similar to [[Democritus]] before him, whose work was burned by [[Plato]] and his disciples, the ideologues of Athenian slave aristocracy. Beginning with the revolutionary Marx, a political group with concrete ideas establishes itself. Basing itself on the giants, Marx and [[Friedrich Engels|Engels]], and developing through successive steps with personalities like [[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]], [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]], [[Mao Zedong|Mao Tse-tung]] and the new Soviet and Chinese rulers, it establishes a body of doctrine and, let us say, examples to follow.

* '''The Cuban Revolution takes up Marx at the point where he himself left science to shoulder his revolutionary rifle.''' And it takes him up at that point, not in a revisionist spirit, of struggling against that which follows Marx, of reviving "pure" Marx, but simply because up to that point Marx, the scientist, placed himself outside of the history he studied and predicted. From then on Marx, the revolutionary, could fight within history.

* '''We, practical revolutionaries, initiating our own struggle, simply fulfill laws foreseen by Marx, the scientist.''' We are simply adjusting ourselves to the predictions of the scientific Marx as we travel this road of rebellion, struggling against the old structure of power, supporting ourselves in the people for the destruction of this structure, and having the happiness of this people as the basis of our struggle.

* The enemy soldier in the Cuban example, which we are now considering, is '''the junior partner of the dictator; he is the man who gets the last crumbs left to him in a long line of profiteers that begins in Wall Street and ends with him.''' He is disposed to defend his privileges, but he is disposed to defend them only to the degree that they are important to him. His salary and pension are worth some suffering and some dangers, but they are never worth his life; if the price of maintaining them will cost it, he is better off giving them up, that is to say, withdrawing from the face of guerrilla danger.

=== ''Guerrilla Warfare'' (1961) ===
: [http://faculty.chass.ncsu.edu/slatta/hi216/documents/che.htm Guerrilla Warfare] a [[w:Guerrilla Warfare (book)|manual]] written by Guevara (1961)

[[File:Manuel_Urrutia2.jpg|thumb|Let us emphasize that there is not a soldier to be compared to [[wikipedia:Camilo Cienfuegos|Camilo]] in this war of liberation.]]
[[File:Che_Guevara_Rosario_3.jpg|thumb|Where a government has come into power through some form of popular vote... the guerrilla outbreak cannot be promoted, since the possibilities of peaceful struggle have not yet been exhausted.]]

* [[wikipedia:Camilo Cienfuegos|Camilo]] (Cienfuegos) was the subject of a thousand anecdotes; he created them naturally wherever he went. To his ease of manner, always appreciated by the people, he added a personality that naturally and almost unconsciously put the stamp of Camilo on everything connected with him. Few men have succeeded in leaving on every action such a distinctive personal mark. As [[Fidel Castro|Fidel]] has said, he did not have culture from books; he had the natural intelligence of the people, who had chosen him out of thousands for a privileged position on account of the audacity of his blows, his tenacity, his intelligence, and unequalled devotion. Camilo practiced loyalty like a religion.
** Dedication, to [[wikipedia:Camilo Cienfuegos|Camilo Cienfuegos]]

* We consider that the [[w:Cuban Revolution|Cuban Revolution]] contributed three fundamental lessons to the conduct of revolutionary movements in America. They are: (1) Popular forces can win a war against the army. (2) It is not necessary to wait until all conditions for making revolution exist; the insurrection can create them. (3) In underdeveloped America the countryside is the basic area for armed fighting.
** Ch. I: 1. Essence of Guerrilla Warfare

* '''When the forces of oppression come to maintain themselves in power against established law; peace is considered already broken.'''
** Ch. I: 1. Essence of Guerrilla Warfare

* Where a government has come into power through some form of popular vote, fraudulent or not, and maintains at least an appearance of constitutional legality, the guerrilla outbreak cannot be promoted, since the possibilities of peaceful struggle have not yet been exhausted.
** Ch. I: 1. Essence of Guerrilla Warfare

* '''[[w:Guerrilla warfare|Guerrilla warfare]] is used by the side which is supported by a majority''' but which possesses a much smaller number of arms for use in defense against oppression.
** Ch. I: 1. Essence of Guerrilla Warfare

* The guerrilla fighter, who is general of himself, need not die in every battle. He is ready to give his life, but the positive quality of this guerrilla warfare is precisely that each one of the guerrilla fighters is ready to die, not to defend an ideal, but rather to convert it into reality.
** Ch. I: 1. Essence of Guerrilla Warfare

* '''The guerrilla fighter needs full help from the people of the area.''' This is an indispensable condition.
** Ch. I: 1. Essence of Guerrilla Warfare

* '''Why does the guerrilla fighter fight? We must come to the inevitable conclusion that the guerrilla fighter is a social reformer, that he takes up arms responding to the angry protest of the people against their oppressors, and that he fights in order to change the social system that keeps all his unarmed brothers in ignominy and misery.'''
** Ch. I: 1. Essence of Guerrilla Warfare

* War is always a struggle in which each contender tries to annihilate the other. Besides using force, they will have recourse to all possible tricks and stratagems in order to achieve the goal.
** Ch. I: 1. Essence of Guerrilla Warfare

* Acts of sabotage are very important. It is necessary to distinguish clearly between sabotage, a revolutionary and highly effective method of warfare, and terrorism, a measure that is generally ineffective and in-discriminate in its results, since it often makes victims of innocent people and destroys a large number of lives that would be valuable to the revolution. [[w:Terrorism|Terrorism]] should be considered a valuable tactic when it is used to put to death some noted leader of the oppressing forces well known for his cruelty, his efficiency in repression, or other quality that makes his elimination useful. But the killing of persons of small importance is never advisable, since it brings on an increase of reprisals, including deaths.
** Ch. I: 3. Guerrilla Tactics

* A fundamental part of guerrilla tactics is the treatment accorded the people of the zone. Even the treatment accorded the enemy is important; the norm to be followed should be an absolute inflexibility at the time of attack, an absolute inflexibility toward all the despicable elements that resort to informing and assassination, and clemency as absolute as possible toward the enemy soldiers who go into the fight performing or believing that they perform a military duty.
** Ch. I: 3. Guerrilla Tactics

* It is a good policy, so long as there are no considerable bases of operations and invulnerable places, to '''take no prisoners. Survivors ought to be set free. The wounded should be cared for''' with all possible resources at the time of the action. Conduct toward the civil population ought to be regulated by a large respect for all the rules and traditions of the people of the zone, in order to demonstrate effectively, with deeds, the moral superiority of the guerrilla fighter over the oppressing soldier.
** Ch. I: 3. Guerrilla Tactics

* Favorable conditions for establishing a permanent camp in guerrilla warfare are inverse to the degree of productive development of a place... because everything that is favorable to human life, communications, urban and semi-urban concentrations of large numbers of people, land easily worked by machine, all these place the guerrilla fighter in a disadvantageous situation.
** Ch. I: 5. Warfare on Unfavorable Ground

* From the very beginning of the struggle he has the intention of destroying an unjust order and therefore an intention, more or less hidden, to replace the old with something new.
** Ch. II: 1. The Guerrilla Fighter: Social Reformer

*'''The guerrilla fighter, as a person conscious of a role in the vanguard of the people, must have a moral conduct that shows him to be a true priest of the reform to which he aspires.''' To the stoicism imposed by the difficult conditions of warfare should be added an austerity born of rigid self-control that will prevent a single excess, a single slip, whatever the circumstances. '''The guerrilla soldier should be an ascetic'''.
** Ch. II: 1. The Guerrilla Fighter: Social Reformer

*The peasant must always be helped technically, economically, morally, and culturally. '''The guerrilla fighter will be a sort of guiding angel who has fallen into the zone, helping the poor always.'''
** Ch. II: 1. The Guerrilla Fighter: Social Reformer

*Striking like a tornado, destroying all, giving no quarter unless the tactical circumstances call for it, judging those who must be judged, sowing panic among the enemy combatants, '''he nevertheless treats defenseless prisoners benevolently and shows respect for the dead. A wounded enemy should be treated with care and respect unless his former life has made him liable to a death penalty''', in which case he will be treated in accordance with his deserts.
** Ch. II: 2. The Guerrilla Fighter as Combatant

*'''The best age for a guerrilla fighter varies between 25 and 35 years''', a stage in which the life of most persons has assumed definite shape. Whoever sets out at that age, abandoning his home, his children, and his entire world must have thought well of his responsibility and reached a firm decision not to retreat a step.
** Ch. II: 2. The Guerrilla Fighter as Combatant

* The education of the guerrilla fighter is important from the very beginning of the struggle. This should explain to them the social purpose of the fight and their duties, clarify their understanding, and give them lessons in morale that serve to forge their characters.
** Ch. II: 3. Organization of a Guerrilla Band

* Assaults and terrorism in indiscriminate form should not be employed.
** Ch. III: 2. Civil Organization

* '''The part that the woman can play in the development of a revolutionary process is of extraordinary importance.''' It is well to emphasize this, since in all our countries, with their colonial mentality, there is a certain underestimation of the woman which becomes a real discrimination against her. The woman is capable of performing the most difficult tasks, of fighting beside the men; and despite current belief, she does not create conflicts of a sexual type in the troops.
** Ch. III: 3. The Role of the Woman

*"Know yourself and your adversary and you will be able to fight a hundred battles without a single disaster." This Chinese aphorism is as valuable for guerrilla warfare as a biblical psalm.
** Ch. III: 8. Intelligence

* '''Reading should be encouraged at all times''', with an effort to promote books that are worthwhile and that enlarge the recruit's facility to encounter the world of letters and great national problems
** Ch. III: 9. Training and Indoctrination

=== Mobilising for Invasion (1961) ===
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1961/03/28.htm "Mobilising the Masses for the Invasion"] speech given to sugar workers in Santa Clara, Cuba 20 days before the Bay of Pigs Invasion (28 March 1961)

* We have to remind ourselves of this at every moment: that we are in a war, a cold war as they call it; a war where there is no front line, no continuous bombardment, but where the two adversaries — this tiny champion of the Caribbean and the immense imperialist hyena — are face to face and aware that one of them is going to end up dead in the fight.

* The victory of the Cuban Revolution will be a tangible demonstration before all the Americas that peoples are capable of rising up, that they can rise up by themselves right under the very fangs of the monster.

=== Cuba as Vanguard (1961) ===
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1961/04/09.htm "Cuba: Historical exception or vanguard in the anticolonial struggle?"] speech (9 April 1961)
[[File:Che_Guevara_bajo_identidad_Adolfo_Mena_González_-_1966.jpg|thumb|We, politely referred to as “underdeveloped,” in truth are colonial, semi-colonial or dependent countries.]]
[[File:4CheFaces.jpg|thumb|The people are weary of being oppressed, persecuted, exploited to the maximum.]]

* On various occasions emissaries of the U.S. State Department came, disguised as reporters, to investigate our rustic revolution, yet they never found any trace of imminent danger. By the time the imperialists wanted to react — when they discovered that the group of inexperienced young men marching in triumph through the streets of Havana had a clear awareness of their political duty and an iron determination to carry out that duty — it was already too late.

* The first liberating revolutions never destroyed the large landholding powers that always constituted a reactionary force and upheld the principle of servitude on the land.

* In most countries the large landholders realized they couldn't survive alone and promptly entered into alliances with the monopolies — the strongest and most ruthless oppressors of the Latin American peoples. U.S. capital arrived on the scene to exploit the virgin lands and later carried off, unnoticed, all the funds so “generously” given, plus several times the amount originally invested in the "beneficiary" country.

* '''We, politely referred to as "underdeveloped," in truth are colonial, semi-colonial or dependent countries.''' We are countries whose economies have been distorted by imperialism, which has abnormally developed those branches of industry or agriculture needed to complement its complex economy. “Underdevelopment,” or distorted development, brings a dangerous specialization in raw materials, inherent in which is the threat of hunger for all our peoples. We, the “underdeveloped,” are also those with the single crop, the single product, the single market. A single product whose uncertain sale depends on a single market imposing and fixing conditions. That is the great formula for imperialist economic domination.

* The people are weary of being oppressed, persecuted, exploited to the maximum. They are weary of the wretched selling of their labor-power day after day — faced with the fear of joining the enormous mass of unemployed — so that the greatest profit can be wrung from each human body, profit later squandered in the orgies of the masters of capital.

* The United States hastens the delivery of arms to the puppet governments they see as being increasingly threatened; it makes them sign pacts of dependence to legally facilitate the shipment of instruments of repression and death and of troops to use them.

=== On Growth and Imperialism (1961) ===
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1961/08/08.htm "Economics Cannot be Separated from Politics"] speech to the ministerial meeting of the Inter-American Economic and Social Council (CIES), in Punta del Este, Uruguay (8 August 1961)

* Cuba hopes that her children will see a better future, and that victory will not have to be won at the cost of millions of human lives destroyed by the atomic bomb.

* '''Democracy is not compatible with financial oligarchy, with discrimination against Blacks and outrages by the Ku Klux Klan''', or with the persecution that drove scientists like [[Robert Oppenheimer|Oppenheimer]] from their posts, deprived the world for years of the marvelous voice of Paul Robeson, held prisoner in his own country, and sent the Rosenberg's to their deaths against the protests of a shocked world, including the appeals of many governments and of Pope Pius XII.

* '''Democracy cannot consist solely of elections that are nearly always fictitious and managed by rich landowners and professional politicians.'''

=== On the Bay of Pigs Invasion (1961) ===
: [http://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/bay-of-pigs-1.575439 A note passed on] to one of U.S. President John F. Kennedy's secretaries at the Organization of the American States conference in Uruguay (August 1961)
* Thanks for [[wikipedia:Playa Girón|Playa Girón]]. Before the invasion, the (Cuban) revolution was weak. Now it's stronger than ever.

=== Tactics and Strategy of the Latin American Revolution (1962) ===
: [http://books.google.com/books?id=TePyAAAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA294 "Tactics and Strategy of the Latin American Revolution"] (October, 1962)

* Power is the sine qua non strategic objective of the revolutionary forces, and everything must be subordinated to this basic endeavor. But the taking of power, in this world polarized by two forces of extreme disparity and absolutely incompatible in interests, cannot be limited to the boundaries of a single geographic or social unit. '''The seizure of power is a worldwide objective of the revolutionary forces.''' To conquer the future is the strategic element of revolution; freezing the present is the counterstrategy motivating the forces of world reaction today, for they are on the defensive.

* Cuba, for example, is a vanguard outpost, an outpost which overlooks the extremely broad stretches of the economically distorted world of Latin America. '''Cuba's example is a beacon, a guiding light for all the peoples of America'''.

* '''Moral missiles are such a devastatingly effective weapon that they have become the most important element in determining Cuba's value.'''

* Is it possible or not, given the present conditions in our continent, to achieve it (socialist power, that is) by peaceful means? We emphatically answer that, in the great majority of cases, this is not possible. The most that could be achieved would be the formal takeover of the bourgeois superstructure of power and the transition to socialism of that government which, under the established bourgeois legal system, having achieved formal power will still have to wage a very violent struggle against all who attempt, in one way or another, to check its progress toward new social structures.

* Cuba and Algeria are the most recent examples of the effects of armed struggle on the development of social transformation. If we conclude that '''the possibility of the peaceful road is almost nonexistent in the Americas''', we can point out that it is very probable that the outcome of victorious revolutions in this area of the world will produce regimes of a socialist structure. Rivers of blood will flow before this is achieved... '''The blood of the people is our most sacred treasure, but it must be used in order to save more blood in the future'''.

* The most submissive countries and consequently, the most cynical, talk about the threat of Cuban subversion, and they are right. '''The greatest threat of the Cuban revolution is its own example, its revolutionary ideas''', the fact that the government has been able to increase the combativity of the people, led by a leader of world stature, to heights seldom equaled in history. Here is the electrifying example of a people prepared to suffer nuclear immolation so that its ashes may serve as a foundation for new societies. When an agreement was reached by which the atomic missiles were removed, without asking our people, we were not relieved or thankful for the truce; instead we denounced the move with our own voice. We have demonstrated our firm stand, our own position, our decision to fight, even if alone, against all dangers and against the atomic menace of Yankee imperialism.

* We do assert, however, that '''we must follow the road of liberation even though it may cost millions of nuclear war victims.''' In the struggle to death between two systems we cannot think of anything but the final victory of socialism or its relapse as a consequence of the nuclear victory of imperialist aggression.

=== Method of Guerrilla Warfare (1963) ===
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1963/09/guerrilla-warfare.htm "Guerrilla Warfare: A Method "] (written September 1963)

* '''Guerrilla warfare is a people's warfare; an attempt to carry out this type of war without the population's support is a prelude to inevitable disaster.'''

* The guerrilla is the combat vanguard of the people, situated in a specified place in a certain region, armed and willing to carry out a series of warlike actions for the one possible strategic end — the seizure of power.

* The guerrilla is supported by the peasant and worker masses of the region and of the whole territory in which it acts. Without these prerequisites, guerrilla warfare is not possible.

* Revolution, in history, is like the doctor assisting at the birth of a new life, who will not use forceps unless necessary, but who will use them unhesitatingly every time labor requires them. It is a labor bringing the hope of a better life to the enslaved and exploited masses.

* '''We should not allow the word "democracy" to be utilized apologetically to represent the dictatorship of the exploiting classes.'''

* '''Violence is not the monopoly of the exploiters and as such the exploited can use it too and, moreover, ought to use it when the moment arrives.'''

* The dictatorship tries to function without resorting to force so we must try to oblige it to do so, thereby unmasking its true nature as the dictatorship of the reactionary social classes.

=== On Automation (1963) ===

* We must remember that machines do not, as in the capitalist system, compete with workers or enslave workers. Workers must view machines as the liberators of their force. Machines are placed at the service of workers as soon as the exploitation of man by man stops. And that is what we are striving for: we are trying to turn machines into liberating instruments of peasants, so they will have more time for leisure, so they will have more time to study, to develop in every sense, to achieve the most important thing we must achieve: individuals developed to the full, this is the aim we are all struggling for.
** Speech at the National Sugar Plenary Meeting in Camagüey, February 9, 1963 ''Ernesto Che Guevera. Escritos y discursos.'' Op. cit., vol. 7.

=== People's War, People's Army (1964) ===

: [http://spartacus-educational.com/COLDguevara.htm "People's War, People's Army"] an explanation by Guevara of why he believed the Vietnamese were able to achieve victory over the French (1964)

* Mass struggle was utilized throughout the war by the Vietnamese communist party. It was used, first of all, because '''guerrilla warfare is one expression of the mass struggle.''' One cannot conceive of guerrilla war when it is isolated from the people. The guerrilla group is the numerically inferior vanguard of the great majority of the people, who have no weapons but express themselves through the vanguard.

* The people did not talk about reciprocal concessions but demanded liberties and guarantees, which brought inevitably in many sectors a crueler war than the French would have waged otherwise.

* Marxism was applied according to the concrete historical situation of Vietnam and because of the guiding role of the vanguard party, faithful to its people and consequently to its doctrine, a resounding victory was achieved over the (French) imperialists.

* The characteristics of the struggle, in which territory had to be given to the enemy and many years had to pass in order to achieve final victory, with fluctuations, ebb and flow, was that of a protracted war. During the entire struggle one could say that the front lines were where the enemy was. At a given moment, the enemy occupied almost the entire territory and the front was spread to wherever the enemy was. Later the lines of combat were delimited and a main front was established. But the enemy's rear guard constituted another front; it was a total war and the colonialists were never able to mobilize their forces with ease against the liberated zones. The slogan "dynamism, initiative, mobility, and quick decision in new situations" is in synthesis the guerrilla tactic. These few words expressed the tremendously difficult art of popular war.

=== On Development (1964) ===
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1964/03/25.htm "On Development"] Speech delivered at the plenary session of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development in Geneva, Switzerland (25 March 1964)
[[File:CheinMoscow.jpg|thumb|[[Justice]] remains the tool of a few powerful interests; legal interpretations will continue to be made to suit the convenience of the oppressor powers.]]

* '''[[Justice]] remains the tool of a few powerful interests; legal interpretations will continue to be made to suit the convenience of the oppressor powers.'''

* If, on the other hand, the groups of underdeveloped countries, lured by the siren song of the vested interests of the developed powers which exploit their backwardness, contend futilely among themselves for the crumbs from the tables of the world's mighty, and break the ranks of numerically superior forces … our efforts will have been to no avail.

* The only way to solve the problems now besetting mankind is to eliminate completely the exploitation of dependent countries by developed capitalist countries, with all the consequences that this implies.

* '''The inflow of capital from the developed countries is the prerequisite for the establishment of economic dependence.''' This inflow takes various forms: loans granted on onerous terms; investments that place a given country in the power of the investors; almost total technological subordination of the dependent country to the developed country; control of a country's foreign trade by the big international monopolies; and in extreme cases, the use of force as an economic weapon in support of the other forms of exploitation.

* '''The International Monetary Fund is the watchdog of the dollar in the capitalist camp.'''

* The world is hungry but lacks the money to buy food; and paradoxically, in the underdeveloped world, in the world of the hungry, possible ways of expanding food production are discouraged in order to keep prices up, in order to be able to eat. This is the inexorable law of the philosophy of plunder, which must cease to be the rule in relations between peoples.

* And the imperialists? Will they sit with their arms crossed? No! The system they practice is the cause of the evils from which we are suffering, but they will try to obscure the facts with spurious allegations, of which they are masters.

* '''The feeling of revolt will grow stronger every day among the peoples subjected to various degrees of exploitation, and they will take up arms to gain by force the rights which reason alone has not won them.'''

=== The Cuban Economy (1964) ===
: [http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/COLDguevara.htm# "The Cuban Economy"] (October, 1964)

* The natural advantages of the cultivation of sugar in Cuba are obvious, but the predominant fact is that '''Cuba was developed as a sugar factory of the United States'''.

* North American banks and capitalists soon controlled the commercial exploitation of sugar and, furthermore, a good share of the industrial output of the land. In this way, '''a monopolistic control was established by U.S. interests in all aspects of a sugar production''', which soon became the predominant factor in our foreign trade due to the rapidly developing monoproductive characteristics of the country.

* Cuba became the sugar-producing and-exporting country par excellence; and if she did not develop even further in this respect, the reason is to be found in the capitalist contradictions which put a limit to a continuous expansion of the Cuban sugar industry, which depended almost entirely on North American capital.

* The North American government used the quota system on imports of Cuban sugar not only to protect her own sugar industry, as demanded by her own producers, but also to make possible the unrestricted introduction into our country of North American manufactured goods.

* The US quota system meant stagnation for our sugar production [...] the preferential treatment given to Cuban sugar by the quota also meant that no other export crops could compete with it on an economic basis. Consequently, the only two activities of our agriculture were cultivation of sugar cane and the breeding of low-quality cattle on pastures which at the same time served as reserve areas for the sugar plantation owners.

=== Address to the United Nations (1964) ===
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1964/12/11.htm "Colonialism is Doomed"] speech to the 19th General Assembly of the United Nations in New York City (11 December 1964). Guevara quoted earlier statements of [[Fidel Castro]] extensively in this speech, and many of these are often misattributed to him.

[[File:CheLaCoubreMarch.jpg|thumb|This epic before us is going to be written by the hungry Indian masses, the peasants without land, the exploited workers.]]

* '''The final hour of colonialism has struck, and millions of inhabitants of Africa, Asia and Latin America rise to meet a new life and demand their unrestricted right to self-determination.'''

* We should like to see this Assembly shake itself out of complacency and move forward. We should like to see the committees begin their work and not stop at the first confrontation. Imperialism wishes to convert this meeting into a pointless oratorical tournament, instead of solving the grave problems of the world. We must prevent their doing so.

* '''{{w|Peaceful coexistence}} cannot be limited to the powerful countries if we want to ensure world peace.''' Peaceful coexistence must be exercised among all states, regardless of size, regardless of the previous historical relations that linked them, and regardless of the problems that may arise among some of them at a given moment.

* '''As Marxists we have maintained that peaceful coexistence among nations does not encompass coexistence between the exploiters and the exploited, between the oppressors and the oppressed.'''

* '''We speak out to put the world on guard against what is happening in South Africa. The brutal policy of apartheid is applied before the eyes of the nations of the world.''' The peoples of Africa are compelled to endure the fact that on the African continent the superiority of one race over another remains official policy, and that in the name of this racial superiority murder is committed with impunity. Can the United Nations do nothing to stop this?

* Our free eyes open now on new horizons and can see what yesterday, in our condition as colonial slaves, we could not observe: that “Western Civilization” disguises behind its showy facade a picture of hyenas and jackals … A carnivorous animal that feeds on unarmed peoples.

* '''Those who kill their own children and discriminate daily against them because of the color of their skin; those who let the murderers of blacks remain free''', protecting them, and furthermore punishing the black population because they demand their legitimate rights as free men — how can those who do this consider themselves guardians of freedom? '''The government of the United States is not the champion of freedom''', but rather the perpetrator of exploitation and oppression against the peoples of the world and against a large part of its own population.

* '''This epic before us is going to be written by the hungry Indian masses, the peasants without land, the exploited workers.''' It is going to be written by the progressive masses, the honest and brilliant intellectuals, who so greatly abound in our suffering Latin American lands. Struggles of masses and ideas. An epic that will be carried forward by our peoples, mistreated and scorned by imperialism; our people, unreckoned with until today, who are now beginning to shake off their slumber. Imperialism considered us a weak and submissive flock; and now it begins to be terrified of that flock; a gigantic flock of 200 million Latin Americans in whom Yankee monopoly capitalism now sees its gravediggers.

* Now in the mountains and fields of America, on its flatlands and in its jungles, in the wilderness or in the traffic of cities, on the banks of its great oceans or rivers, this world is beginning to tremble. Anxious hands are stretched forth, ready to die for what is theirs, to win those rights that were laughed at by one and all for 500 years.

=== Afro-Asian Conference (1965) ===
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1965/02/24.htm "At the Afro-Asian Conference in Algeria"] speech to the Second Economic Seminar of Afro-Asian Solidarity in Algiers, Algeria (24 February 1965)
[[File:Che_guevara.jpg|thumb|There are no borders in this struggle to the death.]]
[[File:Victoria_siempre.jpg|thumb|Planning is one of the laws of socialism, and without it, socialism would not exist.]]
[[File:CheFishing.jpg|thumb|For us there is no valid definition of socialism other than the abolition of the exploitation of one human being by another.]]

* The struggle against imperialism, for liberation from colonial or neocolonial shackles, which is being carried out by means of political weapons, arms, or a combination of the two, is not separate from the struggle against backwardness and poverty. Both are stages on the same road leading toward the creation of a new society of justice and plenty.

* '''Ever since monopoly capital took over the world, it has kept the greater part of humanity in poverty, dividing all the profits among the group of the most powerful countries. The standard of living in those countries is based on the extreme poverty of our countries. To raise the living standards of the underdeveloped nations, therefore, we must fight against imperialism.''' And each time a country is torn away from the imperialist tree, it is not only a partial battle won against the main enemy but it also contributes to the real weakening of that enemy, and is one more step toward the final victory.

* '''There are no borders in this struggle to the death.''' We cannot be indifferent to what happens anywhere in the world, because a victory by any country over imperialism is our victory, just as any country's defeat is a defeat for all of us.

* Each time a country is freed, we say, it is a defeat for the world imperialist system, but we must agree that real liberation or breaking away from the imperialist system is not achieved by the mere act of proclaiming independence or winning an armed victory in a revolution. Freedom is achieved when imperialist economic domination over a people is brought to an end.

* '''Imperialism has been defeated in many partial battles. But it remains a considerable force in the world, and we cannot expect its final defeat save through effort and sacrifice on the part of us all.'''

* The socialist countries must help pay for the development of countries now starting out on the road to liberation.

* '''Socialism cannot exist without a change in consciousness resulting in a new fraternal attitude toward humanity''', both at an individual level, within the societies where socialism is being built or has been built, and on a world scale, with regard to all peoples suffering from imperialist oppression.

* How can it be "mutually beneficial" to sell at world market prices the raw materials that cost the underdeveloped countries immeasurable sweat and suffering, and to buy at world market prices the machinery produced in today's big automated factories?

* We must agree that the socialist countries are, in a certain way, accomplices of imperialist exploitation … The socialist countries have the moral duty to put an end to their tacit complicity with the exploiting countries of the West.

* '''For us there is no valid definition of socialism other than the abolition of the exploitation of one human being by another.''' As long as this has not been achieved, if we think we are in the stage of building socialism but instead of ending exploitation the work of suppressing it comes to a halt — or worse, is reversed — then we cannot even speak of building socialism.

* Development cannot be left to complete improvisation. It is necessary to plan the construction of the new society. Planning is one of the laws of socialism, and without it, socialism would not exist. Without correct planning there can be no adequate guarantee that all the various sectors of a country's economy will combine harmoniously to take the leaps forward that our epoch demands.

* As long as imperialism exists it will, by definition, exert its domination over other countries. Today that domination is called neocolonialism.

* '''Arms cannot be commodities in our world. They must be delivered to the peoples asking for them to use against the common enemy, with no charge and in the quantities needed and available.'''

* '''Now is the time to throw off the yoke, to force renegotiation of oppressive foreign debts''', and to force the imperialists to abandon their bases of aggression.

=== Man and Socialism in Cuba (1965) ===
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1965/03/man-socialism.htm "Socialism and Man in Cuba"] - A letter to Carlos Quijano, editor of ''Marcha'' a radical weekly published in Montevideo, Uruguay; published as "From Algiers, for ''Marcha'' : The Cuban Revolution Today" (12 March 1965); also published in ''Verde Olivo'', the magazine of the Cuban armed forces. - [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1965/03/man-socialism-alt.htm Variant translation by Margarita Zimmermann] 

[[File:SculptureCheGuevaraCuba.jpg|thumb|In our zeal as revolutionists we try to move ahead as fast as possible, clearing the way, but knowing we must draw our sustenance from the mass and that it can advance more rapidly only if we inspire it by our example...]]
[[File:Chedriving.jpg|thumb|Wealth is far from being within the reach of the masses simply through the process of appropriation.]]
[[File:Che_SClara.jpg|thumb|In moments of great peril it is easy to muster a powerful response to moral stimuli; but for them to retain their effect requires the development of a consciousness in which there is a new priority of values.]]
[[File:CheinCongo2.gif|thumb|At the risk of seeming ridiculous, let me say that the true revolutionary is guided by a great feeling of love. It is impossible to think of a genuine revolutionary lacking this quality.]]
[[File:Evstafiev-trinidad-couple-che-98.jpg|thumb|For a long time man has been trying to free himself from alienation through culture and art...]]
[[File:Chedaughter.jpg|thumb|The ultimate and most important revolutionary aspiration: to see human beings liberated from their alienation.]]
[[File:Evstafiev-barocoa-school.jpg|thumb|The basic clay of our work is the youth; we place our hope in it and prepare it to take the banner from our hands.]]

* A common argument from the mouths of capitalist spokespeople, in the ideological struggle against socialism, is that socialism, or the period of building socialism into which we have entered, is characterized by the abolition of the individual for the sake of the state.

* The state sometimes makes mistakes. When one of these mistakes occurs, a decline in collective enthusiasm is reflected by a resulting quantitative decrease of the contribution of each individual, each of the elements forming the whole of the masses. Work is so paralysed that insignificant quantities are produced. It is time to make a correction.

* A more structured connection with the mass is needed, and we must improve it in the course of the coming years. But as far as initiatives originating in the upper strata of the government are concerned, we are currently utilizing the almost intuitive method of sounding out general reactions to the great problems we confront. In this Fidel is a master. His own special way of fusing himself with the people can be appreciated only by seeing him in action. At the great public mass meetings one can observe something like the dialogue of two tuning forks whose vibrations interact, producing new sounds. Fidel and the mass begin to vibrate together in a dialogue of growing intensity until they reach the climax in an abrupt conclusion crowned by our cry of struggle and victory.

* '''In capitalist society individuals are controlled by a pitiless law usually beyond their comprehension. The alienated human specimen is tied to society as a whole by an invisible umbilical cord: the law of value. This law acts upon all aspects of one's life, shaping its course and destiny.'''

* The difficult thing for someone not living the experience of the revolution to understand is this close dialectical unity between the individual and the mass, in which the mass, as an aggregate of individuals, is interconnected with its leaders. Some phenomena of this kind can be seen under capitalism, when politicians capable of mobilising popular opinion appear, but these phenomena are not really genuine social movements. (If they were, it would not be entirely correct to call them capitalist.) These movements only live as long as the persons who inspire them do, or until the harshness of capitalist society puts an end to the popular illusions which made them possible.

* '''The laws of capitalism, blind and invisible to the majority, act upon the individual without his thinking about it.''' He sees only the vastness of a seemingly infinite horizon before him. That is how it is painted by capitalist propagandists, who purport to draw a lesson from the example of Rockefeller — whether or not it is true — about the possibilities of success. The amount of poverty and suffering required for the emergence of a Rockefeller, and the amount of depravity that the accumulation of a fortune of such magnitude entails, are left out of the picture, and it is not always possible to make the people in general see this.

* In any case the road to success is pictured as one beset with perils but which, it would seem, an individual with the proper qualities can overcome to attain the goal. The reward is seen in the distance; the way is lonely. Further on it is a route for wolves; one can succeed only at the cost of the failure of others.

* I think the place to start is to recognize the individual's quality of incompleteness, of being an unfinished product. The vestiges of the past are brought into the present in one's consciousness, and a continual labor is necessary to eradicate them.

* It was not capitalism's internal contradictions that, having exhausted all possibilities, caused the system to explode. The struggle for liberation from a foreign oppressor; the misery caused by external events such as war, whose consequences privileged classes place on the backs of the exploited; liberation movements aimed at overthrowing neo-colonial regimes — these are the usual factors in unleashing this kind of explosion.

* '''Wealth is far from being within the reach of the masses simply through the process of appropriation.'''

* '''To build communism it is necessary, simultaneous with the new material foundations, to build the new man and woman.'''

* In moments of great peril it is easy to muster a powerful response to moral stimuli; but for them to retain their effect requires the development of a consciousness in which there is a new priority of values. '''Society as a whole must be converted into a gigantic school.'''

* Capitalism uses force but it also educates the people to its system. Direct propaganda is carried out by those entrusted with explaining the inevitability of class society, either through some theory of divine origin or through a mechanical theory of natural law. This lulls the masses since they see themselves as being oppressed by an evil against which it is impossible to struggle. Immediately following comes the hope of improvement — and in this, capitalism differed from the preceding caste systems, which offered no possibilities for advancement.

* For some people, the principle of the caste system will remain in effect: The reward for the obedient is to be transported after death to some fabulous other world where, according to the old beliefs, good people are rewarded.

* '''The myth of the self-made man, has to be profoundly hypocritical: it is the self-serving demonstration that a lie is the truth.'''

* In this period of the building of socialism we can see the new man and woman being born. The image is not yet completely finished — it never will be, since the process goes forward hand in hand with the development of new economic forms.

* What is important, however, is that each day individuals are acquiring ever more consciousness of the need for their incorporation into society and, at the same time, of their importance as the motor of that society.

* '''The road is long and full of difficulties.''' At times we wander from the path and must turn back; at other times we go too fast and separate ourselves from the masses; on occasions we go too slow and feel the hot breath of those treading on our heels. '''In our zeal as revolutionists we try to move ahead as fast as possible, clearing the way, but knowing we must draw our sustenance from the mass and that it can advance more rapidly only if we inspire it by our example.'''

* The change in consciousness will not take place automatically, just as it doesn't take place automatically in the economy. The alterations are slow and are not harmonious; there are periods of acceleration, pauses and even retrogressions.

* In the field of ideas not involving productive activities it is easier to distinguish the division between material and spiritual necessity. For a long time man has been trying to free himself from alienation through culture and art. While he dies every day during the eight or more hours that he sells his labour, he comes to life afterwards in his spiritual activities. But this remedy bears the germs of the same sickness; it is as a solitary individual that he seeks communion with his environment.

* '''Socialism is young and has made errors.''' Many times revolutionaries lack the knowledge and intellectual courage needed to meet the task of developing the new man with methods different from the conventional ones — and the conventional methods suffer from the influences of the society, which created them.

* Let us not attempt, from the pontifical throne of realism-at-any-cost, to condemn all the art forms which have evolved since the first half of the nineteenth century for we would then fall into the Proudhonian mistake of returning to the past, of putting a straitjacket on the artistic expression of the man who is being born and is in the process of making himself.

* What are needed are the development of an ideological-cultural mechanism which permits both free inquiry and the uprooting of the weeds which multiply so easily in the fertile soil of state subsidies.

* What we must create is the man of the twenty-first century, although this is still a subjective and not a realised aspiration. It is precisely this man of the next century who is one of the fundamental objectives of our work...

* The great multitudes continue to develop; the new ideas continue to attain their proper force within society; the material possibilities for the full development of all members of society make the task much more fruitful. The present is a time for struggle; the future is ours.

* '''Our task is to prevent the present generation, torn asunder by its conflicts, from becoming perverted and from perverting new generations.''' We must not bring into being either docile servants of official thought or scholarship students who live at the expense of the state — practising "freedom." Already there are revolutionaries coming who will sing the song of the new man in the true voice of the people. This is a process, which takes time.

* We are doing everything possible to give labor this new status of social duty and to link it on the one side with the development of a technology which will create the conditions for greater freedom, and on the other side with voluntary work based on a Marxist appreciation of the fact that man truly reaches a full human condition when he produces without being driven by the physical need to sell his labor as a commodity.

* '''Man still needs to undergo a complete spiritual rebirth in his attitude towards his work, freed from the direct pressure of his social environment, though linked to it by his new habits.''' That will be communism. The change in consciousness will not take place automatically, just as it doesn't take place automatically in the economy. The alterations are slow and are not harmonious; there are periods of acceleration, pauses and even retrogressions.

* '''At the risk of seeming ridiculous, let me say that the true revolutionary is guided by a great feeling of love. It is impossible to think of a genuine revolutionary lacking this quality.''' Perhaps it is one of the great dramas of the leader that he or she must combine a passionate spirit with a cold intelligence and make painful decisions without flinching. Our vanguard revolutionaries must idealize this love of the people, of the most sacred causes, and make it one and indivisible. They cannot descend, with small doses of daily affection, to the level where ordinary people put their love into practice. The leaders of the revolution have children just beginning to talk, who are not learning to call their fathers by name; wives, from whom they have to be separated as part of the general sacrifice of their lives to bring the revolution to its fulfilment; the circle of their friends is limited strictly to the number of fellow revolutionists. There is no life outside of the revolution. In these circumstances one must have a great deal of humanity and a strong sense of justice and truth in order not to fall into extreme dogmatism and cold scholasticism, into isolation from the masses. '''We must strive every day so that this love of living humanity will be transformed into actual deeds, into acts that serve as examples, as a moving force.'''
** Excerpts from the two paragraphs above have sometimes been quoted in abbreviated form: '''At the risk of seeming ridiculous, let me say that the true revolutionary is guided by a great feeling of love. It is impossible to think of a genuine revolutionary lacking this quality... We must strive every day so that this love of living humanity will be transformed into actual deeds, into acts that serve as examples, as a moving force.'''

* Of course there are dangers in the present situation, and not only that of dogmatism, not only that of weakening the ties with the masses midway in the great task. There is also the danger of weaknesses. If a man thinks that dedicating his entire life to the revolution means, that in return he should not have such worries as that his son lacks certain things, or that his children's shoes are worn out, or that his family lacks some necessity, then he is entering into rationalisations which open his mind to infection by the seeds of future corruption. In our case we have maintained that our children should have or should go without those things that the children of the average man have or go without, and that our families should understand this and strive to uphold this standard. The revolution is made through man, but man must forge his revolutionary spirit day by day.

* We know that sacrifices lie before us and that we must pay a price for the heroic act of being a vanguard nation. We leaders know that we must pay a price for the right to say that we are at the head of a people, which is at the head of the Americas. Each and every one of us must pay his exact quota of sacrifice, conscious that he will get his reward in the satisfaction of fulfilling a duty, conscious that he will advance with all toward the image of the new man dimly visible on the horizon.

* '''The ultimate and most important revolutionary aspiration: to see human beings liberated from their alienation.'''

* '''The individual under socialism, despite apparent standardization, is more complete.'''

* '''The individual will reach total consciousness as a social being, which is equivalent to the full realization as a human creature, once the chains of alienation are broken.''' This will be translated concretely into the reconquering of one's true nature through liberated labor, and the expression of one's own human condition through culture and art.

* In order to develop a new culture, work must acquire a new status. Human beings-as-commodities cease to exist, and a system is installed that establishes a quota for the fulfillment of one's social duty. The means of production belong to society, and the machine is merely the trench where duty is performed.

* '''While a person dies every day during the eight or more hours in which he or she functions as a commodity, individuals come to life afterward in their spiritual creations.''' But this remedy bears the germs of the same sickness: that of a solitary being seeking harmony with the world.

* The law of value is no longer simply a reflection of the relations of production; the monopoly capitalists — even while employing purely empirical methods — surround that law with a complicated scaffolding that turns it into a docile servant. The superstructure imposes a kind of art in which the artist must be educated. Rebels are subdued by the machine, and only exceptional talents may create their own work. The rest become shamefaced hirelings or are crushed.

* '''A school of artistic experimentation is invented, which is said to be the definition of freedom; but this “experimentation” has its limits, imperceptible until there is a clash, that is, until the real problems of individual alienation arise.''' Meaningless anguish or vulgar amusement thus become convenient safety valves for human anxiety. The idea of using art as a weapon of protest is combated. Those who play by the rules of the game are showered with honors — such honors as a monkey might get for performing pirouettes. The condition is that one does not try to escape from the invisible cage.

* The fault of many of our artists and intellectuals lies in their original sin: they are not true revolutionaries. We can try to graft the elm tree so that it will bear pears, but at the same time we must plant pear trees. New generations will come that will be free of original sin.

* It is not a matter of how many kilograms of meat one has to eat, or of how many times a year someone can go to the beach, or how many pretty things from abroad you might be able to buy with present-day [[wages]]. It is a matter of making the individual feel more complete, with much more inner wealth and much more responsibility.

* Our children must have, or lack, those things that the children of the ordinary citizen have or lack; our families should understand this and struggle for it to be that way.

* '''We socialists are freer because we are more fulfilled; we are more fulfilled because we are freer.''' The skeleton of our complete freedom is already formed. The flesh and the clothing are lacking; we will create them.

* '''The basic clay of our work is the youth'''; we place our hope in it and prepare it to take the banner from our hands.

=== Farewell letter to Fidel Castro (1965) ===
[[File:Che_Guevara_-_Grab_in_Santa_Clara,_Kuba_(frag).jpg|thumb|''Hasta la victoria siempre!'']]
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1965/04/01.htm "Farewell letter from Che to Fidel Castro"] [https://archive.is/20130630183416/www.granma.cu/che/carta.html Original Spanish text] (published 1 April 1965)
[[File:Honoré_Daumier_017_(Don_Quixote).jpg|thumb|Once again I feel beneath my heels the ribs of [[wikipedia:Rocinante|Rocinante]]. Once more, I'm on the road with my shield on my arm.]]

* '''In a revolution one wins or dies, if it is a real one.'''
** In a revolution, one triumphs or dies (if it is a true revolution).

* I feel that I have fulfilled the part of my duty that tied me to the Cuban revolution in its territory, and I say farewell to you, to the comrades, to your people, who now are mine.

* '''I have lived magnificent days.'''

* Other nations of the world summon my modest efforts of assistance.

* I leave a people who received me as a son. That wounds a part of my spirit. I carry to new battlefronts the faith that you taught me, the revolutionary spirit of my people, the feeling of fulfilling the most sacred of duties: to fight against imperialism wherever it may be.

* If my final hour finds me under other skies, my last thought will be of this people and especially of you.

* '''''Hasta la victoria siempre'''''
** '''Until victory always'''
** Variant translations: Always toward Victory! or Until eternal victory!

=== Last Letter to his Parents (1965) ===
: [http://www.companeroche.com/index.php?id=33 "Dear Old Folks"], Sent by Che to his parents in 1965 as he embarked for Bolivia. 
[[File:ChewithCigar.jpg|thumb|Many will call me an adventurer — and that I am, only one of a different sort: one of those who risks his skin to prove his platitudes.]]

* '''Once again I feel beneath my heels the ribs of [[wikipedia:Rocinante|Rocinante]]. Once more, I'm on the road with my shield on my arm.'''
** Rocinante was the name of [[wikipedia:Don Quixote|Don Quixotes]]' horse.

* '''My Marxism has taken root and become purified.''' I believe in armed struggle as the only solution for those peoples who fight to free themselves, and I am consistent with my beliefs.

* '''Many will call me an adventurer, and that I am... only one of a different sort: one who risks his skin to prove his truths.'''

* It is possible that this may be the end. I don't seek it, but it's within the logical realms of probabilities. If it should be so, I send you a final embrace.

* Now a willpower that I have polished with an artist's delight will sustain some shaky legs and some weary lungs. I will do it. Give a thought once in awhile to this little soldier of fortune of the twentieth century.

=== Letter to his Children (1965) ===
[[File:Che_Guevara_-_Familia.jpg|thumb|Your father has been a man who acted according to his beliefs and certainly has been faithful to his convictions.]]
: [http://www.companeroche.com/index.php?id=33 "Last Letter from Papa"], Letter to all of his children written sometime in 1965, to be read in the event of his death.

* Your father has been a man who acted according to his beliefs and certainly has been faithful to his convictions.

* '''Grow up as good revolutionaries.''' Study hard to be able to dominate the techniques that permit the domination of nature. Remember that the Revolution is what is important and that each of us, on our own, is worthless.

* '''Above all, try always to be able to feel deeply any injustice committed against any person in any part of the world. It is the most beautiful quality of a revolutionary.'''
** Spanish: ''Sobre todo, sean siempre capaces de sentir en lo más hondo cualquier injusticia cometida contra cualquiera en cualquier parte del mundo. Es la cualidad más linda de un revolucionario.''

* Until always, little children. I still hope to see you again. A really big kiss and a hug from Papa.

=== Birthday Letter to his Daughter (1966) ===
: [http://www.companeroche.com/index.php?id=33 "Birthday Wishes from Papa"], sent to Guevara's oldest daughter Hilda on her 10th birthday (written 15 February 1966)

* '''Remember, there are still many years of struggle ahead, and even when you are a woman, you will have to do your part in the struggle.''' Meanwhile, you have to prepare yourself, be very revolutionary — which at your age means to learn a lot, as much as possible, and always be ready to support just causes.

* You should fight to be among the best in school. The very best in every sense and you already know what that means; study and revolutionary attitude. In other words: good conduct, seriousness, love for the revolution, comradeship. I was not that way at your age but I lived in a different society, where man was an enemy of man. '''Now you have the privilege of living in another era and you must be worthy of it.'''

=== Message to the Tricontinental (1967) ===
: [http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1967/04/16.htm "Message to the Tricontinental"] sent from his jungle camp in Bolivia, to the [[wikipedia:Tricontinental|Tricontinental]] solidarity organisation in Havana in the Spring of 1967, Published: 16 April 1967.
[[File:Che_on_Mule_in_Las_Villas_Nov_1958.jpg|thumb|The beginnings will not be easy; they shall be extremely difficult.]]

* There is a sad reality: Vietnam — a nation representing the aspirations, the hopes of a whole world of forgotten peoples — is tragically alone. This nation must endure the furious attacks of U.S. technology, with practically no possibility of reprisals in the South and only some of defense in the North — but always alone.

* The solidarity of all progressive forces of the world towards the people of Vietnam today is similar to the bitter irony of the plebeians coaxing on the gladiators in the Roman arena. It is not a matter of wishing success to the victim of aggression, but of sharing his fate; one must accompany him to his death or to victory.

* Not for a long time shall we be able to know if President [[Lyndon Johnson|Johnson]] ever seriously thought of bringing about some of the reforms needed by his people — to iron out the barbed class contradictions that grow each day with explosive power. The truth is that the improvements announced under the pompous title of the "Great Society" have dropped into the cesspool of Vietnam.

* Our America is integrated by a group of more or less homogeneous countries and in most parts of its territory U.S. monopolist capitals maintain an absolute supremacy. Puppet governments or, in the best of cases, weak and fearful local rulers, are incapable of contradicting orders from their Yankee master.

* The slogan "we will not allow another Cuba" hides the possibility of perpetrating aggressions without fear of reprisal, such as the one carried out against the Dominican Republic or before that the massacre in Panama — and the clear warning stating that Yankee troops are ready to intervene anywhere in America where the ruling regime may be altered, thus endangering their interests.

* There are no other alternatives; either a socialist revolution or a make-believe revolution.

* A new era will dawn in Africa, when the impoverished masses of a nation rise up to rescue their right to a decent life from the hands of the ruling oligarchies.

* '''We must bear in mind that imperialism is a world system, the last stage of capitalism — and it must be defeated in a world confrontation. The strategic end of this struggle should be the destruction of imperialism. Our share, the responsibility of the exploited and underdeveloped of the world is to eliminate the foundations of imperialism: our oppressed nations, from where they extract capitals, raw materials, technicians and cheap labor, and to which they export new capitals — instruments of domination — arms and all kinds of articles; thus submerging us in an absolute dependence.'''

* While envisaging the destruction of imperialism, it is necessary to identify its head, which is no other than the United States of America.

* We must not underrate our adversary; the U.S. soldier has technical capacity and is backed by weapons and resources of such magnitude that render him frightful. He lacks the essential ideological motivation which his bitterest enemies of today — the Vietnamese soldiers — have in the highest degree. We will only be able to overcome that army by undermining their morale — and this is accomplished by defeating it and causing it repeated sufferings.

* It is absolutely just to avoid all useless sacrifices. Therefore, it is so important to clear up the real possibilities that dependent America may have of liberating itself through pacific means. For us, the solution to this question is quite clear: the present moment may or may not be the proper one for starting the struggle, but we cannot harbor any illusions, and we have no right to do so, that freedom can be obtained without fighting.

* These battles shall not be mere street fights with stones against tear-gas bombs, or of pacific general strikes; neither shall it be the battle of a furious people destroying in two or three days the repressive scaffolds of the ruling oligarchies; the struggle shall be long, harsh, and its front shall be in the guerrilla's refuge, in the cities, in the homes of the fighters — where the repressive forces shall go seeking easy victims among their families — in the massacred rural population, in the villages or cities destroyed by the bombardments of the enemy.

* '''The beginnings will not be easy; they shall be extremely difficult.''' All the oligarchies' powers of repression, all their capacity for brutality and demagoguery will be placed at the service of their cause. Our mission, in the first hour, shall be to survive; later, we shall follow the perennial example of the guerilla, carrying out armed propaganda … the great lesson of the invincibility of the guerrillas taking root in the dispossessed masses; the galvanizing of the national spirit, the preparation for harder tasks, for resisting even more violent repressions. Hatred as an element of the struggle; a relentless hatred of the enemy, impelling us over and beyond the natural limitations that man is heir to and transforming him into an effective, violent, selective and cold killing machine. Our soldiers must be thus; a people without hatred cannot vanquish a brutal enemy.

* We must carry the war into every corner the enemy happens to carry it: to his home, to his centers of entertainment; a total war. It is necessary to prevent him from having a moment of peace, a quiet moment outside his barracks or even inside; we must attack him wherever he may be; make him feel like a cornered beast wherever he may move. Then his moral fiber shall begin to decline. He will even become more beastly, but we shall notice how the signs of decadence begin to appear.

* '''To die under the flag of Vietnam, of Venezuela, of Guatemala, of Laos, of Guinea, of Colombia, of Bolivia, of Brazil — to name only a few scenes of today's armed struggle — would be equally glorious and desirable for an American, an Asian, an African, even a European.'''

* '''Each spilt drop of blood, in any country under whose flag one has not been born, is an experience passed on to those who survive,''' to be added later to the liberation struggle of his own country. And each nation liberated is a phase won in the battle for the liberation of one's own country.

* '''How close we could look into a bright future should two, three or many Vietnams flourish throughout the world.'''

* '''Our every action is a battle cry against imperialism, and a battle hymn for the people's unity against the great enemy of mankind: the United States of America.'''

* '''Wherever death may surprise us, let it be welcome, provided that this, our battle cry, may have reached some receptive ear''' and another hand may be extended to wield our weapons and other men be ready to intone the funeral dirge with the staccato singing of the machine-guns and new battle cries of war and victory.

=== Capture and Death (1967) ===
: [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB5/ Summary of various accounts of Che Guevara's Capture and death - The National Security Archive at the George Washington University]

* '''I know you've come to kill me. Shoot, coward, you are only going to kill a man.'''
** These reportedly, were his last words, to Sergeant Jaime Terán, who in different accounts had either volunteered to be his executioner, or by most accounts, had been selected by lot (9 October 1967). Because of the many different reports that have arisen, much confusion and uncertainty exists about his actual last words. His last words to Colonel Arnaldo Saucedo Parada, head of intelligence of the Eighth Division who delivered the official report on Che's final moments were reported as: '''"I knew you were going to shoot me; I should never have been taken alive. Tell Fidel that this failure does not mean the end of the revolution, that it will triumph elsewhere. Tell Aleida to forget this, remarry and be happy, and keep the children studying. Ask the soldiers to aim well."'''
** Variant translations:
** I know you are here to kill me. Shoot, you are only going to kill a man.
** I know you have come to kill me. Shoot, coward. You are only going to kill a man.
{{disputed begin}}

== Disputed ==
* To send men to the firing squad, judicial proof is unnecessary. These procedures are an archaic bourgeois detail. This is a revolution! And a revolutionary must become a cold killing machine motivated by pure hate. We must create the pedagogy of the paredón [execution wall].
** As quoted in ''The Cuban Revolution : Years of Promise'' (2005) by Teo A. Babun and Victor Andres Triay, p. 57, citing "Che Guevara: Assassin and Bumbler" by [[w:Humberto Fontova|Humberto Fontova]] from Mensnewsdaily.com, 2 March 2004; Fontava does not identify a source for Guevara's statement.
{{disputed end}}

== Quotes about Guevara ==
[[File:ZZZ wiki13.jpg|thumb|Che is a figure who can constantly be examined and re-examined. ~ [[w:Jon Lee Anderson|Jon Lee Anderson]] ]]
:Alphabetized by author 
[[File:Statueduchelahiguera.jpg|thumb|He may well go down in history as the greatest continental figure since [[Simon Bolivar|Bolivar]]. Legends will be created around his name. ~ [[w:Richard Gott|Richard Gott]] ]]
[[File:Palestinians wearing Che Guevara tshirts.jpg|thumb|When one thinks of Che as a hero, it is more in terms of [[Lord Byron|Byron]] than [[Karl Marx|Marx]]. ~ [[Christopher Hitchens]] ]]

[[File:Baucau Wandbild kleiner.jpg|thumb|For Che, the true Communist, the true revolutionary was one who felt that the great problems of all humanity were his or her personal problems ~ [[w:Michael Löwy|Michael Löwy]] ]]
[[File:Beauvoir Sartre - Che Guevara -1960 - Cuba.jpg|thumb|Che was the most complete human being of our age. ~ [[Jean-Paul Sartre]] ]]
[[File:CheShirtsMuseum.jpg|thumb|Today he is in every place, wherever there is a just cause to defend. ~ [[w:Fidel Castro|Fidel Castro]]
]]
[[File:Cheautogestivo.jpg|thumb|We predict that Guevara will be eulogized as the model revolutionary who met a heroic death. ~ [[w:Thomas L. Hughes|Thomas L. Hughes]]]]
[[File:Flags of the world with Che.jpg|thumb|With the news of Che’s death, rallies were held from Mexico to Santiago, Algiers to Angola, and Cairo to Calcutta.]]
[[File:ChePipe.jpg|thumb|Che's life is an inspiration for every human being who loves freedom. We will always honor his memory. ~ [[Nelson Mandela]]]]

* Che was loved, in spite of being stern and demanding. We would give our life for him.
** Tomas Alba, who fought under Che, as quoted in [http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7008795916 "Che Guevara Honored 40 Years After Death" at ''AHN News'' (11 October 2007)]

* I have yet to find a single credible source pointing to a case where Che executed 'an innocent'. Those persons executed by Guevara or on his orders were condemned for the usual crimes punishable by death at times of war or in its aftermath: desertion, treason or crimes such as rape, torture or murder. I should add that my research spanned five years, and included anti-Castro Cubans among the Cuban-American exile community in Miami and elsewhere.
** [[w:Jon Lee Anderson|Jon Lee Anderson]], author of ''Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life'' (1997), at [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/forum/november97/che1.html "The Legacy of Che Guevara" at PBS Online Newshour Forum (20 November 1997)]

* Che is a figure who can constantly be examined and re-examined. To the younger, post-cold-war generation of Latin Americans, Che stands up as the perennial [[w:Icarus|Icarus]], a self-immolating figure who represents the romantic tragedy of youth. Their Che is not just a potent figure of protest, but the idealistic, questioning kid who exists in every society and every time.
** [[w:Jon Lee Anderson|Jon Lee Anderson]], in [http://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/26/international/americas/26lett.html ''The New York Times'' (26 May 2004)]

* We'll still have to wait many years for history to deliver a definite judgement on Che, when the passions of both sides have passed.
** Uva de Aragon, Cuban-American academic at Florida International University, [http://www.afp.com/english/news/stories/071008215722.ockcz7jp.html "Sympathizers marks 40th anniversary of Che Guevara's death" ''AP'' article (8 October 2007)]

* The iconic Che lives large in the popular culture, and the commodified Che is within easy reach of everyone. But Che Guevara was also a flesh-and-blood human being—flawed, contradictory, trembling, and real... It’s been said that Che was a citizen of the world. Perhaps more accurately, Che was a citizen of a world that did not yet exist.
** [[wikipedia:Bill Ayers|Bill Ayers]], as quoted in [http://www.thenation.com/article/archive/it-has-been-50-years-since-che-guevara-was-murdered/ "It Has Been 50 Years Since Che Guevara Was Murdered", ''The Nation'' (October 9, 2017)]

*Che Guevara - hero of the Cuban Revolution, left-wing icon and the face that has sold more posters than anyone else in history. Remembered as a romantic freedom fighter, an expert in guerrilla warfare, and a thoughtful philosopher who died young for his cause, Guevara has always been the revolutionaries' revolutionary. Stylish, vehemently anti-American and considerably better looking than Lenin, Trotsky and Stalin, he practically invented the image of the bearded, beret-wearing left-wing radical, as adopted by thousands during the 1960s and 70s.
** Owen Booth, as quoted in [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk/2356903.stm "Comrade Che Keeps an Eye on British Workers", ''BBC News'' (October 24, 2002)]

* The discussions that count, are those that continue albeit silently in thought. In my mind, the discussion with Che has continued for all these years, and the more time passed, the more he has been right. Even today, dying while putting in motion a never ending struggle, he continues, always, to be right.
** [[w:Italo Calvino|Italo Calvino]], in [http://www.sodsbrood.com/proftodd/calvino/wordsfailed.htm notes on Che] written on his 44th birthday (15 October 1967), as translated by El Aïd El Othmani Nabil

* The death of Che Guevara places a responsibility on all revolutionaries of the World to redouble their decision to fight on to the final defeat of Imperialism. That is why in essence Che Guevara is not dead, his ideas are with us.
** [[Stokely Carmichael]], [[w:Black Power|Black Power]] leader (1967), as quoted in Andrew Sinclair's ''Viva Che!: The Strange Death and Life of Che Guevara''

* He wasn't able to inspire revolutions because individuals don't inspire revolutions — they inspire movements, respect, and, sometimes, adulation and admiration. Once he was dead, of course, the fact that you could read him any way you wanted, and that there was no danger of being contradicted by him, made it easier in a sense for Che to inspire people. But the fact is that none of the political movements that Che inspired after his death in 1968 were triumphant. The ''cultural'' movements were, but the political movements didn't go anywhere.
** [[w:Jorge Castañeda Gutman|Jorge Castañeda]], Author of ''"Compañero: The Life and Death of Che Guevara"'', as quoted in [http://www.theatlantic.com/unbound/bookauth/jcint.htm "A Life (more or less) Revolutionary" in ''The Atlantic'' (20 November 1997)]

* Che brought the ideas of [[w:Marxism-Leninism|Marxism-Leninism]] to their freshest, purest, most revolutionary expression.
** [[Fidel Castro]], [http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1967/esp/f181067e.html Speech (18 October 1967)]

* Che sowed the seeds of social conscience in Latin America and the world, he was a flower prematurely cut from its stem.
** [[Fidel Castro]], [http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSN08305951 "Cuba remembers Che Guevara 40 years after his fall" by Rosa Tania Valdes, at ''Reuters'' (8 October 2007)]

* If we wanted to express how we'd like our revolutionary combatants, our militants, our men, to be, we should say without hesitation of any kind: that they be like Che! If we wanted to express how we'd want the men of future generations to be, we should say: that they be like Che! If we wanted to say how we'd want our children to be educated, we should say without faltering: we want them to be educated in Che's spirit! If we wanted a model of a man, a model of a man who does not belong to this time, but who belongs to the future instead, I'd heartily say that this model without a single stain on his conduct, attitude or behavior, is Che! If we want to express how we want our children to be, we must say with all the heart of vehement revolutionaries: we want them to be like Che!
** [[Fidel Castro]], [http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/discursos/1967/esp/f181067e.html Speech (18 October 1967)]

* Why did they think that by killing him, he would cease to exist as a fighter? … Today he is in every place, wherever there is a just cause to defend.
** [[Fidel Castro]] in 1997, as quoted in [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/05/AR2007100501880_pf.html "Che Remembered 40 Years After Death" by Alvaro Suazo in ''The Washington Post'' (6 October 2007)]

* Che is fairly intellectual for a Latino.
** CIA document (Declassified), quoted in a [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1132/is_n11_v49/ai_20931199/print?tag=artBody;col1 review of ''Che Guevara and the FBI : The U.S. Political Police Dossier on the Latin American Revolutionary'' (1997) by Michael Ratner and Michael Steven Smith, in ''Monthly Review'' (April 1998)]

* It's like he is alive and with us, like a friend. He is kind of like a Virgin (Mary) for us. We say, "Che, help us with our work or with this planting,' and it always goes well."
** Manuel Cortez, a farmer who lives next door to the schoolhouse where Guevara was executed, [http://www.commondreams.org/headlines04/0817-07.htm "In Bolivia, Push for Che Tourism Follows Locals' Reverence" by Kevin Hall in ''Knight-Ridder'' (17 August 2004)]

* This secular saint was ready to die because he could not tolerate a world where the poor of the earth, the displaced and dislocated of history, would be relegated to its vast margins.
** [[w:Ariel Dorfman|Ariel Dorfman]], professor of Latin American Studies at Duke University, as quoted in [http://www.time.com/time/time100/heroes/profile/guevara01.html ''TIME'' magazine (14 June 1999)]

*With the news of Che’s death, rallies were held from Mexico to Santiago, Algiers to Angola, and Cairo to Calcutta. The population of Budapest and Prague lit candles; the picture of a smiling Che appeared in London and Paris…when a few months later, riots broker out in Berlin, Paris, and Chicago, and from there the unrest spread to the American campuses, young men and women wore Che Guevara T-shirts and carried his pictures during their protest marches.
** [[w:Erik Durschmied|Erik Durschmied]], historian and journalist, as quoted in his book ''The Blood of Revolution: From the Reign of Terror to the Rise of Khomeini'' (2002)

* What has made Guevara a cultural icon is not his example for poor countries, but his capacity to provoke empathy among the spoiled youth of the affluent West.
** [[w:Mark Falcoff|Mark Falcoff]], in "He Thinks We Still Care" a review of ''Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life'' :by [[w:Jon Lee Anderson|Jon Lee Anderson]], in ''The American Spectator, Vol. 30, No. 6 (June 1997)

* He set out to do more than just upend the world's economic system — he wanted to change what it means to be a human being. Ernesto Guevara's ''hombre nuevo'', new man, was endowed with the ability to permanently prioritize the "other" over the "self."
** Dan Fastenberg, in [http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2046285_2045996_2046090,00.html Top 25 Political Icons: Ernesto "Che" Guevara, in ''Time'', (February 4, 2011)]

*Some argue that history has transformed Che's revolutionary image into just another fashion accessory. It is tempting for those of us on the left to feel uncomfortable with his popular appeal; rather like music fans who, when their favorite underground band hits the big time, moan that they've 'gone commercial' … I don't see it that way. If only 10 percent of the people who wear the image know what he stood for, that is still many millions. Overwhelmingly, they are also young people, with their hearts set on making the world a better place. Indeed, in my experience, many more than 10 percent have a very good idea of what he stood for … If Che's image seems to be everywhere, that is because what he fought and died for is more fashionable than ever.
** [[w:George Galloway|George Galloway]], as quoted in [http://www.newstatesman.com/node/153384 "A Very Modern Icon", in the ''New Statesman'' (June 12, 2006)]

* Che was wearing green fatigues, and his usual overgrown and scraggly beard. Behind the beard his features are quite soft, almost feminine, and his manner is intense. He has a good sense of humor, and there was considerable joking back and forth during the meeting … Although he left no doubt of his personal and intense devotion to communism, his conversation was free of propaganda and bombast. He spoke calmly, in a straightforward manner, and with the appearance of detachment and objectivity … I had the definite impression that he had thought out his remarks very carefully — they were extremely well organized.
** [[w:Richard N. Goodwin|Richard N. Goodwin]], US Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs, on meeting with Che, in a [http://fas.org/irp/ops/policy/docs/frusX/256_270.html US State Department memo (22 August 1961)] to US President [[John F. Kennedy]]

* It was difficult to recall that this man had once been one of the great figures of Latin America. It was not just that he was a great guerrilla leader; he had been a friend of Presidents as well as revolutionaries. His voice had been heard and appreciated in inter-American councils as well as in the jungle. He was a doctor, an amateur economist, once Minister of Industries in revolutionary Cuba, and Castro's right-hand man. He may well go down in history as the greatest continental figure since [[Simon Bolivar|Bolivar]]. Legends will be created around his name.
** [[w:Richard Gott|Richard Gott]], journalist in Bolivia on the day of Che's execution, in [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/1967/oct/10/cuba.fromthearchive "US Intelligence agent in at Che Guevara's death" in ''The Guardian'' (10 October 1967)]

* What I appreciated most was his honesty — and his ability to transform negative things into positive things. … he was not compromising. It wasn't easy unless you shared his vision and believed in it.
** [[w:Alberto Granado|Alberto Granado]], who traveled with Che across South America on a motorcycle in 1952, as quoted in [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4518213.stm "My best friend Che" at ''BBC News (9 May 2005)]

* He always did what he said he was going to do, That's why he is still timely.
** [[w:Alberto Granado|Alberto Granado]], as quoted in [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/05/AR2007100501880_pf.html "Che Remembered 40 Years After Death" by Alvaro Suazo in ''The Washington Post'' (6 October 2007)]

* We can in no way accept that my father should appear on women's underwear or men's underwear or that it should be on the back pocket of a pair of jeans or that they use it as a commercial image for a pair of glasses. We think that is lacking in respect and we won't accept that.
** [[w:Aleida Guevara|Aleida Guevara]] as quoted in [http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/06/27/1056683905727.html "Guevara's daughter has a cause, in the image of her father" in ''The Age'' (28 June 2003)]

* That he was shot after capture demonstrates the fear that the Bolivian authorities felt even of an imprisoned Che. They were afraid to bring to him to trial: afraid of the echoes his voice would have aroused from the courtroom: afraid to prove that the man they hated was loved by the world outside. This fear will help to perpetuate his legend, and a legend is impervious to bullets."
** [[w:Graham Greene|Graham Greene]], as quoted in Andrew Sinclair's ''Viva Che!: The Strange Death and Life of Che Guevara'' (2006) p. 82

* Che was not an insane fanatic, and he did not have a pathological love of bloodshed and human cruelty. However, he was not a normal and contented man. If he had been, he would never have become a revolutionary. He was a dreamer, an adventurer, and a rebel against the established order of things. He was a man deeply incensed by the social injustices which he saw all around him, and motivated by a sincere desire to rectify them. He was the perfect revolutionary—the super idealist who insists on bringing haven immediately to earth. Moreover, his willingness to die for his ideals indicates that he possessed far more courage and conviction than the ordinary man.
** Richard Harris, Che biographer, as quoted in ''Che Guevara, Paulo Freire, and the Pedagogy of Revolution'' (2000)

* He belongs more to the romantic tradition than the revolutionary one. To endure as a romantic icon, one must not just die young, but die hopelessly. Che fulfils both criteria. When one thinks of Che as a hero, it is more in terms of [[Lord Byron|Byron]] than [[Karl Marx|Marx]].
** [[Christopher Hitchens]] as quoted in [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,6903,1258340,00.html ''The Observer'' (11 July 2004)]

* We predict that Guevara will be eulogized as the model revolutionary who met a heroic death.
** [[w:Thomas L. Hughes|Thomas L. Hughes]], Intelligence specialist, in a [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB5/ memo to U.S. Secretary of State Dean Rusk (October 19 1967); National Security Archives]

* Long Live Che Guevara!
** [[Jesse Jackson]], speech in Havana, Cuba (1984), quoted in [http://baltimorechronicle.com/2008/030708Grandin.shtml "Fidel Castro, the First Superdelegate" by Greg Grandin in ''The Baltimore Chronicle'' ]

* As a supporter of the ideals for which Che Guevara died, I am not averse to its reproduction by those who wish to propagate his memory and the cause of social justice throughout the world, but I am categorically against the exploitation of Che's image for the promotion of products such as alcohol, or for any purpose that denigrates the reputation of Che.
** [[w:Alberto Korda|Alberto Korda]], on his famous photograph of Guevara, as quoted in [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1352650.stm "Che Guevara photographer dies" in ''BBC News'' (26 May 2001)]

* Che never wavered from his firm revolutionary stand, even as other Cuban leaders began to devote most of their attention to the internal problems of the revolution.
** Brian Latell, CIA analyst, in an intelligence memo (18 October 1965); quoted in [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB5/ "The Death of Che Guevara: Declassified" by Peter Kornbluh, a summary of various accounts of Che Guevara's Death at George Washington University]

* Revolutionaries are not normal people’: an understatement in relation to Ernesto Che Guevara. Physician, brilliant intellect, competent soldier, charismatic leader, developed—and eventually creative-Marxist economist, always a man able to capture the spirit of an experience in his own being, Che remains one of the four or five greatest revolutionaries in modern history.
** [[w:Alfredo Lopez|Alfredo López]], quoted in the [[w:Smithsonian Folkway|Smithsonian Folkway]]'s [http://www.folkways.si.edu/albumdetails.aspx?itemid=247 CD entitled "Che Guevara Speaks"'' (1973)]

* To hold life in profound respect and to be ready to take up arms and, if need be, to kill, is contradictory only in the eyes of Christian or [[w:Pacifism|pacifist]] [[w:Humanism|humanism]]. For [[w:Marxist humanism|revolutionary humanism]], for Che, the people's war is the necessary answer, the only possible answer, of the exploited and oppressed to the crimes and the institutionalized violence of the oppressors.
** [[w:Michael Löwy|Michael Löwy]], as quoted on p. 32 of ''The Marxism of Che Guevara'' (1973)

* Che was not only a heroic fighter, but a revolutionary thinker, with a political and moral project and a system of ideas and values for which he fought and gave his life. The philosophy which gave his political and ideological choices their coherence, colour, and taste was a deep revolutionary humanism. For Che, the true Communist, the true revolutionary was one who felt that the great problems of all humanity were his or her personal problems, one who was capable of feeling anguish whenever someone was assassinated, no matter where it was in the world, and of feeling exultation whenever a new banner of liberty was raised somewhere else.
** Michael Löwy, author of ''The Marxism of Che Guevara'', in [http://www.internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article1144 "The spark that does not die" in ''International Viewpoint'' (July 1997)]

*The first thing to note is that in my son's veins flowed the blood of the Irish rebels.
**Ernesto Guevara Lynch, father of Che Guevara. Quoted in "Ernesto Che Guevara" by Iosif Lavretsky, translated by A.B. Eklof.

* We also honour the great Che Guevara, whose revolutionary exploits, including on our own continent, were too powerful for any prison censors to hide from us. The life of Che is an inspiration to all human beings who cherish freedom. We will always honour his memory.
** [[Nelson Mandela]], during a [http://db.nelsonmandela.org/speeches/pub_view.asp?pg=item&ItemID=NMS1526 speech in Cuba (July 26, 1991)]

* On his trips, he would receive gifts from his hosts, some of them very expensive. He would get presents for me as well, and he would give them away if he considered them too ostentatious. I was given a color TV only to see Che pass it on to a factory worker. And back then, it was sort of an unimaginable item. Once, after a trip to Algeria, he received a barrel of an excellent wine. When he arrived home, he told me to give it to the army barracks near our home. I would not always unconditionally obey his mandates. Knowing that wine was one of the few treats he allowed himself, I kept five liters.
** [[w:Aleida March|Aleida March]], Che's widow, as quoted in [http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/r_m/2007/10/01/2007-10-01_widow_has_her_say_on_che.html "Widow has her say on Che" in ''NY Daily News'' (1 October 2007)]

* I worked with Che in the military regiment at La Cabaña, putting order into the revolution; he personally asked me to take command of the new revolutionary police … there was a lot of resentment against us at the beginning. People still loyal to the old regime would have done anything against us and the new, free, Cuba. Not many people wanted to stain their hands with such a job. But I did, and Che even more. Some call him "the butcher of La Cabaña" because of all the executions he had to carry out, but he did it honourably. He was a great man - so humble, so free, with such conviction. It was such a pleasure and an honour to be around him. But we were all convinced of what we were fighting for. We fought for our people to be fully happy. And we stayed alive to keep an eye on that marvellous victory.
** Luis Martínez, worked alongside Che at La Cabaña fortress, [http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/bce6ab34-27d4-11de-9b77-00144feabdc0.html "First Person: Luis Martínez" in ''The Financial Times'' (18 April 2009)]

* To his critics, Guevara was a trigger-happy megalomaniac whose bloody example led thousands to their deaths in futile uprisings that only hardened military repression from Guatemala to Chile.
** Patrick J. McDonnell, journalist, [http://travel.latimes.com/articles/la-trw-che-guevaras-legacy-looms-larger-than-ever-in-latin-america8oct07 "Che Guevara's legacy looms larger than ever in Latin America" in ''The Los Angeles Times'' (8 October 2007)]

* Che did not wander about in the mantle of [[w:Merlin|Merlin]], teaching humankind the wonder of everyday peace and harmony. Instead, he used his critical faculties to uncover and expose the mechanisms of oppression used by the global ruling class to keep the poor from taking up arms against their oppressors.
** [[w:Peter McLaren|Peter McLaren]], as quoted in ''Che Guevara, Paulo Freire, and the Pedagogy of Revolution'' (2000)

* He was just like a [[w:Jesus Christ|Christ]], with his strong eyes, his beard, his long hair. He is very miraculous.
** Susana Osinaga, the nurse who cleaned Guevara's corpse, as quoted in [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/world/story/0,,2175016,00.html "The final triumph of Saint Che" in ''The Observer'' (23 September 2007)]

* Why do we say Che is alive? Because of his grandeur, his transcendence. For us, Che is here, very much alive, in everything we say.
** Osvaldo 'Chato' Peredo, president of the Che Guevara foundation, as quoted in [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/world/story/0,,2175016,00.html "The final triumph of Saint Che" in ''The Observer'' (23 September 2007)]

* He took joy in killing counterrevolutionaries and was one of the most hard-edged, most Stalinist, pro-Soviet communists of the whole leadership.
** [[w:Ronald Radosh|Ronald Radosh]], a [[w:Hudson Institute|Hudson Institute]] adjunct fellow, in [http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/jan/27/del-toro-walks-away-from-questions-on-che/print/ "‘Che’ spurs debate, Del Toro walkout" in ''The Washington Times'' (27 January 2009)]

* Most people don't know the real Che Guevara — the Che Guevara who wrote that he was thirsty for blood, the Che who assassinated thousands of people without any regard for any real legal process.
** [[w:Félix Rodríguez (Central Intelligence Agency)|Felix Rodriguez]], CIA agent who relayed the order from Bolivian president [[w:René Barrientos|René Barrientos]] and the Bolivian military high command to execute Guevara [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7027619.stm BBC]

* The myth of the holy Che must finally be destroyed.
** Bolivian General Gary Prado Salmon, commander of the mission to capture Guevara, in [http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,510155,00.html "The Curse Of Che Guevara" by Jens Glüsing in ''Der Spiegel'' (8 October 2007)]

* We feel sick about this grand show that goes on every year on the anniversary of his death. Rather than honour a man who came to invade the country, we should honour the armed forces, the soldiers who defended the country.
** Bolivian General Gary Prado Salmon, commander of the mission to capture Guevara, [http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7008795916 "Che Guevara Honored 40 Years After Death" at ''AHN News'' (11 October 2007)]

* You know how much I admire Che Guevara. In fact, I believe that the man was not only an intellectual but also the most complete human being of our age: as a fighter and as a man, as a theoretician who was able to further the cause of revolution by drawing his theories from his personal experience in battle.
** [[Jean-Paul Sartre]], as quoted in Marianne Sinclair's ''!Viva Che!: Contributions in Tribute to Ernesto 'Che' Guevara'' (1968)

* He was demanding of everyone and practiced being a personal example. Once, Guevara and other ministry officials were served steaks during a severe food shortage. Steaks are a treasured meal for Argentines, but Guevara became incensed and ordered it all removed. "What is this? No one is touching this meat. Take it away."
** Tirso Saenz, Che's aide, as quoted in [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/05/AR2007100501880_pf.html "Che Remembered 40 Years After Death" by Alvaro Suazo in ''The Washington Post'' (6 October 2007)]

*Che Guevara taught us we could dare to have confidence in ourselves, confidence in our abilities. He instilled in us the conviction that struggle is our only recourse. He, was a citizen of the free world that together we are in the process of building. That is why we say that Che Guevara is also African and Burkinabè.
** [[Thomas Sankara]], commonly referred to as "Africa's Che Guevara", as quoted in [http://thomassankara.net/spip.php?article924&lang=fr "We are Heirs of the World’s Revolutions": Lessons from Thomas Sankara] by Akinyemi Adeseye (May 15, 2010)

* Che T-shirts are among the first things you'll see after landing at the Havana airport. But at least the Cubans know whom they're glorifying. In the United States, Che's life story and ambitions seem beside the point, or maybe they've just been reduced to caricature. The guy's face is shorthand for "I'm against the status quo." He's politics' answer to James Dean, a rebel with a very specific cause.
** David Segal, journalist, in [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/06/AR2006020601950_pf.html "The Che Cachet" in ''The Washington Post'' (7 February 2006)]

* "Che lives!" is the slogan for a generation of restless students and budding revolutionaries the world over. The Black Panthers, who occasionally style themselves 'Che-type,' have adopted his black beret. Arab guerrillas sometimes name combat operations in his honor. Posters of Che adorn dorm walls from Berkeley to Berlin, and his books have become basic-training manuals for the New Left. Writers from Graham Greene to Susan Sontag have extolled him. West German Playwright Peter Weiss has even compared him to "a Christ taken down from the Cross."
** [[w:Time (magazine)|''Time Magazine'']] on October 12, 1970 - as quoted in [http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,942333,00.html "Che: A Myth Embalmed in a Matrix of Ignorance"]

* Che did not view economic development as an end in itself. Development of a society has meaning only if it serves to transform men and women, enhance their creative capacities, and draw them beyond self-centeredness. The transition to the kingdom of freedom is a voyage from 'me' to 'us'. And socialism cannot carry out this transition with what Che called 'the dull instruments left to us by capitalism'. We cannot advance toward communism if life under socialism is organized like a competition among wolves, as in the previous society.
** Carlos Tablada, as quoted in ''Che Guevara, Paulo Freire, and the Pedagogy of Revolution'' (2000)

* Che Guevara is an incredible individual. He had so much, but sacrificed it all for the benefit of other people.
** [[Mike Tyson]], as quoted in [https://www.thesun.co.uk/sport/11613846/mike-tyson-tattoos-meaning/ ''The Sun''].

* He taught me to think — he taught me the most beautiful thing which is to be human.
** "Urbano", former Cuban rebel fighter, as quoted in [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7034953.stm "Latin America's new look at Che" in ''BBC News (9 October 2007)]

* Guevara remains a national hero in Cuba where he is remembered for promoting unpaid voluntary work by working shirtless on building sites or hauling sacks of sugar. To this day, he appears on a Cuban banknote cutting sugar cane with a machete in the fields.
** Rosa Tania Valdes, journalist, in [http://www.ezilon.com/information/article_18610.shtml "Cuba remembers Che Guevara 40 years after his fall" in ''Reuters'' (8 October 2007)]

* He was a man full of hatred … Che Guevara executed dozens and dozens of people who never once stood trial and were never declared guilty … In his own words, he said the following: "At the smallest of doubt we must execute." And that's what he did at the Sierra Maestra and the prison of Las Cabanas.
** [[Armando Valladares]], Cuban dissident imprisoned by the revolutionary regime in 1960, in [http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/jan/27/del-toro-walks-away-from-questions-on-che/print/ "‘Che’ spurs debate, Del Toro walkout" in ''The Washington Times'' (27 January 2009)]

* He had eyes that seemed to go through you. I’ve interviewed all sorts of famous people, from Ben Gurion to Bob Dylan, but no one has ever made an impression on me like Che did. There was something Christ-like about him. I really felt that when he was talking to me, he was telling the truth.
** Marilyn Zeitlin, journalist, after speaking with Guevara for six hours on September 12, 1962, as quoted in David Kunzle's book ''Che Guevara: Icon, Myth, and Message'' (1997)

==See also==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
* [[Revolution]]
* [[Socialism]]
* [[Communism]]
{{col-2}}
* [[Karl Marx]]
* [[José Martí]]
* [[Fidel Castro]]
{{col-end}}

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}
{{Commonscat|Che Guevara}}
{{wikisource author}}
*[http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2046285_2045996_2046090,00.html Top 25 Political Icons: Che Guevara] by ''Time''
*[http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/index.htm The Che Guevara internet archive - contains written works, pictures, and speeches]
*[http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB5/ "The Death of Che Guevara: Declassified" by Peter Kornbluh, a summary of various accounts of Che Guevara's Death at George Washington University]
*[http://www.che-lives.com Che-Lives.com]
*[http://www.monthlyreview.org/961che.htm Cuba and the U.S.: Che Guevara interview by Leo Huberman, September 1961]
'''Images'''
*BBC: Your Che Guevara Images [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/7034237.stm Set 1] - [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_pictures/7035498.stm Set 2]
*NY Times Interactive Gallery: [http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2007/10/08/world/americas/20071008_CHE_AUDIO_GRAPHIC.html# "A Revolutionary Afterlife"]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Guevara, Che}}
[[Category:1928 births]]
[[Category:1967 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Rosario]]
[[Category:Anti-fascists]]
[[Category:Anti-imperialists]]
[[Category:Marxist humanists]]
[[Category:Political leaders]]
[[Category:Diplomats]]
[[Category:Latin American revolutionaries]]
[[Category:Essayists]]
[[Category:Diarists]]
[[Category:Travel writers]]
[[Category:Physicians]]
[[Category:Executed people]]
[[Category:Marxist-Leninists]]
[[Category:Latin American leftists]]

Socialism

2020-10-19T15:46:24Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880544 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:AntonPannekoek1908.jpg|thumb|The workers are master of the means of production no more than under Western capitalism. They receive their wages and are exploited by the State as the only mammoth capitalist. ... The entirety of the ruling and leading bureaucracy of officials is the actual owner of the factories, the possessing class. ~ [[Antonie Pannekoek]]]]
[[File:Dunayevskaya-raya.jpg|thumb|"Bureaucratic state socialism" is an irrational expression behind which there exists the real economic relation of [[State capitalism|state-capitalist]]-[[Exploitation|exploiter]] to the propertyless exploited. ~ [[Raya Dunayevskaya]]]]
[[File:Lenin (Petrov-Vodkin).jpg|thumb|Whoever wants to reach socialism by any other path than that of political democracy will inevitably arrive at conclusions that are absurd and reactionary both in the economic and the political sense. ~ [[Vladimir Lenin]]]]
[[File:Irakli Gamrekeli. Vladimir Lenin. 1924.jpg|thumb|We want to achieve a new and better order of society: in this new and better society there must be neither rich nor poor; all will have to work. Not a handful of rich people, but all the working people must enjoy the fruits of their common labour. Machines and other improvements must serve to ease the work of all and not to enable a few to grow rich at the expense of millions and tens of millions of people. This new and better society is called socialist society. The teachings about this society are called socialism. ~ [[Vladimir Lenin]]]]
[[File:Che Guevara - ca. 1945.jpg|thumb|For us there is no valid definition of socialism other than the abolition of the exploitation of one human being by another. ~ [[Che Guevara]]]]
[[File:Goddess of Justice for SCU School of Law 100th anniversary 20150519.jpg|thumb|Socialism cannot exist without a change in consciousness resulting in a new fraternal attitude toward humanity, both at an individual level, within the societies where socialism is being built or has been built, and on a world scale, with regard to all peoples suffering from imperialist oppression. ~[[Che Guevara]] ]]
[[File:Eugene V. Debs, 1907.jpg|thumb|Ignorance alone stands in the way of Socialist success. The capitalist parties understand this and use their resources to prevent the workers from seeing the light. ~ [[Eugene V. Debs]]]]
[[File:Herzen_ge.png|thumb|right|Socialism and rationalism are to this day the touchstones of humanity, the rocks which lie in the course of revolution and science. ~ [[Aleksandr Ivanovich Herzen]]]]
[[File:A Southern chain gang c1903-restore.jpg|thumb|Merely pointing to the fact that some people have a lot more than others is less compelling as a critique; it invites the response “So what? Those who have more aren’t hurting anybody; you’re just appealing to envy.” By contrast, being able to show that those who enjoy a higher socioeconomic status have to a considerable extent achieved and maintained that status by forcibly expropriating and oppressing the less affluent provides for a far more effective indictment. ~ [[Roderick Long]]]]
[[File:Aime Cesaire 2003.jpg|thumb|Usurping bureaucracies ... have achieved the pitiable wonder of transforming into a nightmare what humanity has for so long cherished as a dream: socialism. ~ [[Aimé Césaire]]]]
[[File:Thomas Sowell cropped.jpg|thumb|Socialism sounds great. It has always sounded great. And it will probably always continue to sound great. It is only when you go beyond rhetoric, and start looking at hard facts, that socialism turns out to be a big disappointment, if not a disaster. ~ [[Thomas Sowell]]]]
'''{{w|Socialism}}''' is a range of [[Economic system|economic]] and {{w|social system}}s characterised by {{w|social ownership}} of the [[means of production]] and {{w|workers' self-management}}, as well as the {{w|political theories}} and [[w:political movement|movements]] associated with them. Social ownership can be [[W:Public ownership|public]], [[w:Collective owbership|collective]] or {{w|cooperative ownership}}, or {{w|citizen ownership}} of {{w|equity}}. There are many {{w|varieties of socialism}} and there is no single definition encapsulating all of them, with social ownership being the common element shared by its various forms.
__NOTOC__
{{TOCalpha}}
==A==
*Socialism the worst of all enemies of freedom because, if it could fulfil what it promises, it would render such a service to the world that the interests of freedom would pale, and mankind would carry over its allegiance to the benefactor who had a higher claim on its gratitude. ... This century has seen the growth of the worst enemy freedom has ever had to encounter—Socialism. Strong, because it solves a problem pol[itical] economy has, until now, failed to solve. How to provide that the increase of wealth shall not be at the expense of its distribution. ... Can only be realised by a tremendous despotism.
**[[John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton|Lord Acton]], private notes, quoted in G. E. Fasnacht, ''Acton's Political Philosophy. An Analysis'' (1952), pp. 122

* Nature gave all things in common for the use of all; usurpation created private rights. Property hath no rights. The earth is the Lord's, and we are his offspring. The pagans hold earth as property. They do blaspheme God.
** [[Ambrose of Milan]], in ''[[The Cry for Justice]]'' (1915), p. 397

*Socialism is not the invention of an individual. It is essentially the outcome of economic and social conditions. The evils that [[Capitalism]] brings differ in intensity in different countries, but, the root cause of the trouble once discerned, the remedy is seen to be the same by thoughtful men and women. The cause is the private ownership of the means of life; the remedy is public ownership.
**[[Clement Attlee]], ''The Labour Party in Perspective'' (Left Book Club, 1937), p. 15

* The superfluities of the rich are the necessaries of the poor. They who possess superfluities, possess the goods of others.
** [[Augustine of Hippo]], Exposition of Psalm 147, in ''[[The Cry for Justice]]'' (1915), p. 398

==B==
[[File:Bastiat.jpg|thumb|Socialism, like the ancient ideas from which it springs, confuses the distinction between government and society. As a result of this, every time we object to a thing being done by government, the socialists conclude that we object to its being done at all. ~ [[Frederic Bastiat]]]]
* We are convinced that liberty without socialism is privilege, injustice; and that socialism without liberty is slavery and brutality.
** [[Mikhail Bakunin]], [http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/bakunin/works/various/reasons-of-state.htm "Federalism, Socialism, Anti-Theologism"], presented by Bakunin as a ''Reasoned Proposal to the Central Committee of the League for Peace and Freedom'', at the League's first congress held in Geneva (September 1867).

*Socialism, like the ancient ideas from which it springs, confuses the distinction between government and society. As a result of this, every time we object to a thing being done by government, the socialists conclude that we object to its being done at all. We disapprove of {{w|state education}}. Then the socialists say that we are opposed to any education. We object to a {{w|state religion}}. Then the socialists say that we want no religion at all. We object to a state-enforced [[equality]]. Then they say that we are against equality. And so on, and so on. It is as if the socialists were to accuse us of not wanting persons to eat because we do not want the state to raise grain.
**[[Frédéric Bastiat]], [http://www.friesian.com/quotes.htm ''The Law''] (1850)

*You would oppose [[law]] to socialism. But it is the law which socialism invokes. It aspires to legal, not extra-legal plunder…. You wish to prevent it from taking any part in the making of laws. You would keep it outside the Legislative Palace. In this you will not succeed, I venture to prophesy, so long as legal plunder is the basis of the legislation within.It is absolutely necessary that this question of legal plunder should be determined, and there are only three solutions of it:—1. When the few plunder the many. 2. When everybody plunders everybody else. 3. When nobody plunders anybody.Partial plunder, universal plunder, absence of plunder, amongst these we have to make our choice. The law can only produce one of these results.Partial plunder.—This is the system which prevailed so long as the elective privilege was partial; a system which is resorted to, to avoid the invasion of socialism.Universal plunder.—We have been threatened by this system when the elective privilege has become universal; the masses having conceived the idea of making law, on the principle of legislators who had preceded them.Absence of plunder.—This is the principle of justice, peace, order, stability, conciliation, and of good sense.
**[[Frédéric Bastiat]], ''Essays on Political Economy'' (c. 1850s), part 4, "The Law", p. 20.

* Socialists take over from [[bourgeois]] [[Capitalism|capitalist]] society its materialism, its atheism, its cheap prophets, its hostility against the spirit and all spiritual life, its restless striving for success and amusement, its personal selfishness, its incapacity for interior recollection.
** [[Nikolai Berdyaev]], ''The End of Our Time'' (1919), as translated by Donald Atwater (1933), p. 93

* It appears that liberty is bound up with imperfection, with a right to imperfection. Socialism leads to the same type of [[authoritarian]] state as [[Theocracy]]. ... One must choose: either Socialism or liberty of spirit, the liberty of man's conscience. ... Socialism uses a "sacred" authority and establishes a "sacred" society in which there is no place for the "lay," for the free, for choice, for the unrestrained activity of human forces.
** [[Nikolai Berdyaev]], ''The End of Our Time'' (1919), as translated by Donald Atwater (1933), pp. 188-189

*There is only one hope for mankind — and that is democratic Socialism.
**[[Aneurin Bevan]], [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1951/apr/23/mr-aneurin-bevan-statement Resignation speech] in the House of Commons (23 April 1951)

*Our main case is and must remain that in a modern complex society it is impossible to get rational order by leaving things to private economic adventure. Therefore I am a Socialist. I believe in public ownership.
**[[Aneurin Bevan]], speech to the Labour Party Conference in Blackpool (October 1959), quoted in Michael Foot, ''Aneurin Bevan: A Biography. Volume II: 1945–1960'' (1973), p. 647 and Ben Pimlott, ''Harold Wilson'' (1993), p. 230

*Let me hear that dirty word ''Socialism''.
**Sen. Jay Billington Bulworth in ''[[Bulworth]]'' (1998) written by [[w:Warren Beatty|Warren Beatty]].

*I am a Socialist not through reading a textbook that has caught my intellectual fancy, nor through unthinking tradition, but because I believe that, at its best, Socialism corresponds most closely to an existence that is both rational and moral. It stands for co-operation, not confrontation; for fellowship, not fear. It stands for equality, not because it wants people to be the same but because only through equality in our economic circumstances can our individuality develop properly.
**[[Tony Blair]], in his maiden speech as MP for Sedgefield (6 July 1983) as quoted in ''Hansard'', House of Commons, 6th Series, vol. 45, col. 316.

*Socialists propose to supplant the competitive planning of capitalism with a highly centralized planned economy. Our aim is frankly international and not narrowly patriotic (Daughters of the American Revolution please notice), but I cannot here discuss socialism's international policies. If we gained control of the American Government, we would probably begin with a complete revision of the national governmental system. We would do one of two things. We would write an amendment to the Constitution giving the Federal Government the right to regulate all private business and to enter into any business which it deemed proper, or we would abolish the Constitution altogether and give the National Congress the power to interpret the people's will subject only to certain general principles of free speech and free assemblage.
**[[w:Paul Blanshard|Paul Blanshard]], "Socialist and Capitalist Planning", ''The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science'' (July 1932), p. 10.

* If production is at the root of capitalist exploitation, to change the mode of production would merely change the mode of exploitation.
** [[Alfredo M. Bonanno]], ''Armed Joy'' (1977)

[[File:Murray Bookchin.JPG|thumb|If we are to avoid the mistakes in over one hundred years of proletarian socialism, if we are to really achieve a liberatory movement, not simply in terms of [[economic]] questions but in terms of every aspect of life, we would have to turn to anarchism because it alone posed the problem, not merely of class domination but hierarchical domination, and it alone posed the question, not simply of economic exploitation, but exploitation in every sphere of life. ~ [[Murray Bookchin]] ]]
*If we are to avoid the mistakes in over one hundred years of proletarian socialism, if we are to really achieve a liberatory movement, not simply in terms of [[economic]] questions but in terms of every aspect of life, we would have to turn to anarchism because it alone posed the problem, not merely of class domination but hierarchical domination, and it alone posed the question, not simply of economic exploitation, but exploitation in every sphere of life. And it was that growing awareness, that we had to go beyond classism into hierarchy, and beyond exploitation into domination, that led me into anarchism, and to a commitment to an anarchist outlook.
**[[Murray Bookchin]], ''[http://alexpeak.com/art/films/aia/ Anarchism in America]'', directed by Steven Fischler and Joel Sucher (15 January 1983).

==C==
*I believe Socialism is the grandest theory ever presented, and I am sure it will someday rule the world. Then we will have attained the Millennium. … Then men will be content to work for the general welfare and share their riches with their neighbors.
**[[Andrew Carnegie]] in ''New York Times'' (1 January 1885) "A Millionaire Socialist".

* With the exception of Yugoslavia, in numerous European countries—in the name of socialism—usurping bureaucracies that are cut off from the people (bureaucracies from which it is now proven that nothing can be expected) have achieved the pitiable wonder of transforming into a nightmare what humanity has for so long cherished as a dream: socialism.
** [[Aimé Césaire]], Letter to [[w:Maurice Thorez |Maurice Thorez]] resigning from the French Communist Party, October 24, 1956, as translated by Chike Jeffers

* The consistent anarchist, then, should be a socialist, but a socialist of a particular sort. He will not only oppose alienated and specialized labor and look forward to the appropriation of capital by the whole body of workers, but he will also insist that this appropriation be direct, not exercised by some elite force acting in the name of the proletariat.
**[[Noam Chomsky]], "Notes on Anarchism," in ''Daniel Guérin Anarchism: From Theory to Practice'' (1970).

*The inherent vice of capitalism is the unequal sharing of blessings. The inherent virtue of Socialism is the equal sharing of miseries.
**[[Winston Churchill]], speech in the House of Commons (22 October 1945)
[[File:Sir Winston S Churchill.jpg|thumb|Socialism is a philosophy of failure, the creed of ignorance, and the gospel of envy, its inherent virtue is the equal sharing of misery. ~ [[Winston Churchill]]]]
*Socialism is a philosophy of failure, the creed of ignorance, and the gospel of envy, its inherent virtue is the equal sharing of misery.
**[[Winston Churchill]], speech at the Scottish Unionist Conference, Perth, Scotland (28 May 1948)

* All possessions are by nature unrighteous when a man possess them for personal advantage as being entirely his own, and does not bring them into the common stock for those in need.
** [[Clement of Alexandria]], ''The Rich Man's Salvation'', p. 337

*Democratic socialist [[Bernie Sanders]] received the most votes in the first three primary elections. After centrist Joe Biden scored his first primary win, the DNC consolidated the Democratic Party establishment around him....The party bosses likely wanted to ensure that Sanders would not upend the corporate order... At the March 15 debate with Biden, Sanders asked the rhetorical question: Where is the power in America? He then answered, “Who owns the media? Who owns the economy? Who owns the legislative process? Why do we give tax breaks to billionaires and not raise the minimum wage? Why do we pump up the oil industry while a half a million people are homeless in America?”... When he defines himself as a democratic socialist, Sanders said, he means “Economic rights are human rights.” The core of his Medicare for All plan is, “Health care is a human right.”
**[[Marjorie Cohn]], [https://truthout.org/articles/is-the-dnc-once-again-orchestrating-the-defeat-of-a-socialist-candidate/ Is the DNC Once Again Orchestrating the Defeat of a Socialist Candidate?, Marjorie Cohn, ''Truthout''] (16 March 2020)

*If you see a nation as a cart, it must have two wheels; otherwise it will not go. If one wheel alone is [[capitalism]], it will not move. If one wheel alone is socialism, it will not move. The only thing that will make the cart, that is your political/economic structure, work properly is to have the best of socialism and the best of capitalism. The Masters advise 70 per cent socialism to 30 per cent [[capitalism]] as the best proportion.
**[[Benjamin Creme]] in [https://share-international.org/books_WTAH.html ''The World Teacher for All Humanity''] p. 74 '' (2007)

==D==
[[File:Red flag waving.svg|thumb|The issue is Socialism versus [[Capitalism]]. I am for Socialism because I am for [[humanity]]. ~ [[Eugene V. Debs]] ]]

*The problem is that [[capitalists]] typically don't know how to divide the pie well and [[socialists]] typically don't know how to grow it well... Resources need to be redistributed for the purpose of providing [[equal opportunity]] to the vast majority of Americans. This can be done through increasing taxes on the wealthy, further taxing societally harmful things like pollution, and develop public-private partnerships that link business goals with societal goals.
**[[w:Ray Dalio|Ray Dalio]] quoted in [[w:Business Insider|Business Insider]] [https://www.businessinsider.com/ray-dalio-on-how-to-save-failing-capitalism-2019-4 ''Hedge fund billionaire Ray Dalio says capitalism is failing America, and we need to take 5 specific actions to save it, ''Richard Feloni] (4 April 2019)

* The issue is Socialism versus Capitalism. I am for Socialism because I am for [[humanity]]. We have been cursed with the reign of [[gold]] long enough. [[Money]] constitutes no proper basis of civilization. The time has come to regenerate society — we are on the eve of universal [[change]].
**[[Eugene V. Debs]], in an open letter to the American Railway Union, ''Chicago Railway Times'' (1 January 1897).

*Ignorance alone stands in the way of Socialist success. The capitalist parties understand this and use their resources to prevent the workers from seeing the light. Intellectual darkness is essential to industrial slavery. Capitalist parties stand for Slavery and Night. The Socialist Party is the herald of Freedom and Light.
** [[Eugene Debs]], "The Socialist Party and the Working Class" (1904), in ''Classics of American Political and Constitutional Thought, Volume 2: Reconstruction to the Present'', p. 288

*Capitalism is the exploitation of man by man. Yes? Well socialism is exactly the reverse.
**[[Len Deighton]], quoting an anonymous Czechoslovakian joke in the 1960s, in ''[[w:Funeral in Berlin|Funeral in Berlin]]'' (1964), p. 145. 

* Democracy has so disappeared in the United States that there are some subjects that cannot even be discussed. The essence of the democratic process is free discussion. There was a time, when men were not allowed to talk of universal suffrage, education for women, or freedom for Negro slaves. Today communism is the dirty word and socialism is suspect. ... In this state, and in our time, occurred one of the worst blows to the democratic process which our nation has suffered. [[Joseph McCarthy|Senator McCarthy]] succeeded in making America afraid to discuss socialism.
** [[W. E. B. Du Bois]], Speech at University of Wisconsin, 1960, as reproduced in ''Against Racism: Unpublished Essays, Papers, Addresses, 1887-1961'', p. 303

* Let me examine the alleged "distinction from capitalism" characteristic of the [[Soviet Union]] and see whether it isn't a distinction from a certain stage of capitalism rather than from capitalism as a whole. The determining factor in analyzing the class nature of a society is not whether the means of production are the private property of the capitalist class or are state-owned, but whether the means of production ... are monopolized and alienated from the direct producers. The Soviet Government occupies in relation to the whole economic system the position which a capitalist occupies in relation to a single enterprise. ... "Bureaucratic state socialism" is an irrational expression behind which there exists the real economic relation of [[State capitalism|state-capitalist]]-[[Exploitation|exploiter]] to the propertyless exploited.
** [[Raya Dunayevskaya]], "The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics is a Capitalist Society" (1941), in ''Russia: From Proletarian Revolution to State-Capitalist Counter-Revolution'', p. 210

==E==
* We face a probable future of nuclear-armed states warring over a scarcity of resources; and that scarcity is largely the consequence of capitalism itself. For the first time in history, our prevailing form of life has the power not simply to breed racism and spread cultural cretinism, drive us into war or herd us into labour camps, but to wipe us from the planet. Capitalism will behave antisocially if it is profitable for it to do so, and that can now mean human devastation on an unimaginable scale. What used to be apocalyptic fantasy is today no more than sober realism. The traditional leftist slogan "Socialism or barbarism" was never more grimly apposite.
** [[Terry Eagleton]], ''Why Marx was Right'' (2011), p. 8

*Historic tradition is, so to speak, of yesterday; nowhere have we really overcome what [[Thorstein Veblen]] called "[[W:Thorstein Veblen#Veblen's economics and politics|the predatory phase]]" of human development. The observable economic facts belong to that phase and even such laws as we can derive from them are not applicable to other phases. Since the real purpose of socialism is precisely to overcome and advance beyond the predatory phase of human development, economic science in its present state can throw little light on the socialist society of the future.
**[[Albert Einstein]], [http://www.monthlyreview.org/598einst.htm "Why Socialism?", an essay originally published in the first issue of ''Monthly Review''] (May 1949).

* Socialism is directed towards a social-ethical end. Science, however, cannot create ends and, even less, instill them in human beings; science, at most, can supply the means by which to attain certain ends. But the ends themselves are conceived by personalities with lofty ethical ideals and—if these ends are not stillborn, but vital and vigorous—are adopted and carried forward by those many human beings who, half unconsciously, determine the slow evolution of society. For these reasons, we should be on our guard not to overestimate science and scientific methods when it is a question of human problems; and we should not assume that experts are the only ones who have a right to express themselves on questions affecting the organization of society.
**[[Albert Einstein]], "Why Socialism?", an essay originally published in the first issue of ''Monthly Review'' (May 1949).

*The economic anarchy of capitalist society as it exists today is, in my opinion, the real source of the evil. We see before us a huge community of producers the members of which are unceasingly striving to deprive each other of the fruits of their collective labour...I am convinced there is only one way to eliminate these grave evils, namely through the establishment of a socialist economy, accompanied by an educational system which would be oriented toward social goals.
**[[Albert Einstein]], "Why Socialism?", an essay originally published in the first issue of ''Monthly Review'' (May 1949).

*Production is carried on for profit, not for use. There is no provision that all those able and willing to work will always be in a position to find employment; an “army of unemployed” almost always exists. The worker is constantly in fear of losing his job. Unlimited competition leads to a huge waste of labor, and to that crippling of the social consciousness of individuals. This crippling of individuals social consciousness, I consider the worst evil of capitalism. Our whole educational system suffers from this evil. An exaggerated competitive attitude is inculcated into the student, who is trained to worship acquisitive success as a preparation for his future career.
** [[Albert Einstein]], ''{{w|Why Socialism?}}'' (1949) ''{{w|Monthly Review}}'' [http://www.monthlyreview.org/598einst.htm]

*Since unemployed and poorly paid workers do not provide a profitable market, the production of consumers’ goods is restricted, and great hardship is the consequence. Technological progress frequently results in more unemployment rather than in an easing of the burden of work for all. The profit motive, in conjunction with competition among capitalists, is responsible for an instability in the accumulation and utilization of capital which leads to increasingly severe depressions. Unlimited competition leads to a huge waste of labor, and to that crippling of the social consciousness of individuals which I mentioned before.
** [[Albert Einstein]], ''{{w|Why Socialism?}}'' (1949) ''{{w|Monthly Review}}'' [http://www.monthlyreview.org/598einst.htm]

*I believe that for the past twenty years there has been a creeping [[w:History of the socialist movement in the United States|socialism spreading in the United States]].
**[[Dwight D. Eisenhower]], off-the-cuff speech to Republican leaders, Custer State Park, South Dakota (June 11, 19530; in Robert J. Donovan, ''Eisenhower: The Inside Story'' (1956), p. 336. At his press conference in Washington, D.C., June 17, 1953, President Eisenhower was asked what he meant by "creeping socialism". Donovan writes, "He replied: continued Federal expansion of the T.V.A. He reiterated for what he said was the thousandth time that he would not destroy the T.V.A., but he said that he thought it was socialistic to continue putting money paid by all the taxpayers into a single region which could then attract industry away from other areas" (p. 336). See also ''Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1953'', p. 433.

==F==
[[File:Otroci.jpg|thumb|Slavery is a form, and the very best form, of socialism. ~ [[w:George Fitzhugh | George Fitzhugh]]]]
[[File:The fence at the old GULag in Perm-36.JPG|thumb|A society which is socialist cannot also be democratic. ~ [[Milton Friedman]]]]
* Slavery is a form, and the very best form, of socialism.
** [[w:George Fitzhugh | George Fitzhugh]], ''Sociology for the South, or, the Failure of Free Society'', Richmond: VA, Morris (1854) pp. 27-28

*The first thing that happened when the European powers went to war was the collapse of the [[w:Socialist International |Socialist International]]. No European socialist party had called the working class out in a general strike against the war and the [[w:Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]] (by far Europe’s most powerful socialist party) had in early August 1914 unanimously voted its government war credits; the French followed suit. Socialist workers were aligned by their parties behind the war effort of each European government and socialist internationalism revealed itself to be a myth. But the situation in Italy proved to be radically different.
**Giuseppe Finaldi, ''Mussolini and Italian Fascism'', New York and London, Routledge, 2014, pp. 24-25

* [Louis Napoleon] is a socialist and socialism is the new fashionable name of slavery. ... [His] Queen is providing nurseries and nurses for the children of working women, just as we Southerners do for our negro women and children. It is a great economy.
** [[w:George Fitzhugh | George Fitzhugh]], ''Sociology for the South, or, the Failure of Free Society'', Richmond: VA, Morris (1854) p. 42

* [[Karl Marx|Marx]] argued that all human history was dominated by a tussle for the wealth between classes, one of which took the wealth, and used it to exploit the others. As science and technology developed, so one exploiting class was replaced by another that used the resources of society more efficiently. The necessity for exploitation, he observed, had ended with capitalism. If the working class, the masses who cooperate to produce the wealth, could seize the means of production from the capitalist class, they could put an end to exploitation forever and run society on the lines of the famous slogan: ‘From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs.’
** [[Paul Foot]], ''Why You Should Be a Socialist'' (1977), [https://www.marxists.org/archive/foot-paul/1990/case/chap1.htm Chapter 1]

* In the ideal {{w|socialist state}}, power will not attract power freaks. People who make decisions will show no slightest bias towards their own interests. There will be no way for a clever man to bend the institutions to serve his own ends. And the rivers will run uphill.
** [[w:David D. Friedman | David D. Friedman ]], ''The Machinery of Freedom: A Guide to Radical Capitalism'', chap: "Buckshot for a Socialist Friend" (1973) p. 108

*[A] society which is socialist cannot also be democratic, in the sense of guaranteeing individual freedom.
**[[Milton Friedman]], as quoted in [https://www.commentarymagazine.com/articles/capitalism-socialism-and-democracy/ "Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy: A Symposium"] (1 April 1978), edited by William Barrett, ''Commentary''

==G==
*[W]herever socialism has teeth, it veers closer to gangsterism because it depends on the use of arbitrary power, either by the state or, in essence, the mob.
**[[Jonah Goldberg]], [https://www.nationalreview.com/g-file/the-failure-of-the-deal/ "The Failure of the Deal"] (15 February 2019), ''National Review''

* For us there is no valid definition of socialism other than the abolition of the exploitation of one human being by another.
** [[Che Guevara]], speech to the Second Economic Seminar of Afro-Asian Solidarity in Algiers, Algeria (24 February 1965)

* Socialism cannot exist without a change in consciousness resulting in a new fraternal attitude toward humanity, both at an individual level, within the societies where socialism is being built or has been built, and on a world scale, with regard to all peoples suffering from imperialist oppression.
** [[Che Guevara]], speech to the Second Economic Seminar of Afro-Asian Solidarity in Algiers, Algeria (24 February 1965)

==H==

* Socialism proposes to dethrone the brute-god Mammon and to lift humanity into its place.
** [[Keir Hardie]], motion in the [[w:House of Commons of England|House of Commons]], 23 April 1901

* History is one long record of like illustrations. Must our modern civilisation with all its teeming wonders come to a like end? We are reproducing in faithful detail every cause which led to the downfall of the civilisations of other days—Imperialism, taking tribute from conquered races, the accumulation of great fortunes, the development of a population which owns no property, and is always in poverty. Land has gone out of cultivation and physical deterioration is an alarming fact. An so we Socialists say the system which is producing these results must not be allowed to continue. A system which has robbed religion of its saviour, destroyed handicraft, which awards the palm of success to the unscrupulous, corrupts the press, turns pure women on the streetsm and upright men into mean-spirited time-servers, cannot continue. In the end it is bound to work its own overthrow. Socialism with its promise of freedom, its larger hope for humanity, its triumph of peace over war, its binding of the races of the earth into one all-embracing brotherhood, must prevail. Capitalism is the creed of the dying present; socialism throbs with the life of the days that are to be. It has claimed its martyrs in the past, is claiming them now, will claim them still; but what then? Better to "rebel and die in the twenty worlds sooner than bear the yoke of thwarted life."
** [[Keir Hardie]], ''From Serfdom to Socialism'' (1907), p. 103–104.

* I've always doubted that the socialists had a leg to stand on intellectually. They have improved their argument somehow, but once you begin to understand that prices are an instrument of communication and guidance which embody more information than we directly have, the whole idea that you can bring about the same order based on the [[division of labor]] by simple direction falls to the ground. Similarly, the idea [that] you can arrange for distributions of incomes which correspond to some conception of merit or need. If you need prices, including the prices of labor, to direct people to go where they are needed, you cannot have another distribution except the one from the market principle. I think that intellectually there is just nothing left of socialism.
** [[Friedrich Hayek]] interviewed by Thomas W. Hazlett, in May of 1977, as published in [http://reason.com/archives/1992/07/01/the-road-from-serfdom "The Road to Serfdom, Forseeing the Fall"], in ''Reason magazine'' (July 1992).

* Socialism assumes that all the available knowledge can be used by a single central authority. It overlooks that the model society which I now prefer to call the extended order which exceeds the perception of any individual mind is based on the utilization of widely dispersed knowledge, and once you are aware that we can achieve that great utilization of available resources only because we utilize the knowledge of millions of men, it becomes clear that the assumption of socialism is that a central authority in command of all this knowledge is just not correct!
** [[Friedrich Hayek]], in [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=11AXDT5824Y 1985 interview] with John O'Sullivan

* Socialism has taught many people that they possess claims irrespective of performance, irrespective of participation. In the light of the morals that produced the extended order of civilisation, socialists in fact incite people to break the law.
**[[Friedrich Hayek]], ''[[The Fatal Conceit]]'' (1988), Appendix D: Alienation, Dropouts, And The Claims Of Parasite

* Socialism and rationalism are to this day the touchstones of humanity, the rocks which lie in the course of revolution and science.
** [[Aleksandr Ivanovich Herzen]], ''The Memoirs of Alexander Herzen'', p. 191

*'''Only in a socialist system are the interests of the individual, the state and the collective at one.'''
**[[Ho Chi Minh]], "Report on the Draft Amended Constitution" (1959)

* The empirical evidence shows that socialism is an obvious failure. And the cause of socialism's failure is crystal clear: there is almost no private ownership of the means of production, and almost all factors of production are owned in common in precisely the same way that Americans own the Postal Service.
** [[W:Hans Hermann Hoppe|Hans Hermann Hoppe]], [https://mises.org/library/intellectual-cover-socialism Intellectual Cover for Socialism], The Free Market 6, no. 2 (February 1988)

* Misesian economics shows that socialism fails because it violates the irrefutable laws of economics-among them the law of exchange, the law of diminishing marginal utility, the Ricardian law of association, the law of price controls, and the quantity theory of money-which can be deduced from the axiom of action by means of applied logic. And thus we can know-beforehand and absolutely-what the consequences of socialism will be wherever it is tried.
** [[W:Hans Hermann Hoppe|Hans Hermann Hoppe]], [https://mises.org/library/intellectual-cover-socialism Intellectual Cover for Socialism], The Free Market 6, no. 2 (February 1988)

*The true [[Anarchist]] decries all influences save those of [[love]] and [[reason]]. [[Ideas]] are his only arms.Being an Anarchist I am also a Socialist. Socialism is the antithesis of Anarchy. One is the North Pole of [[Truth]], the other the South. The Socialist believes in working for the [[good]] of all, while Anarchy is pure Individualism. I believe in every man working for the good of self; and in working for the good of self, he works for the good of all. To think, to see, to feel, to know; to deal justly; to bear all patiently; to act quietly; to speak cheerfully; to moderate one's voice—these things will bring you the highest good. They will bring you the love of the best, and the esteem of that Sacred Few, whose good opinion alone is worth cultivating. And further than this, it is the best way you can serve Society—live your life. The wise way to benefit [[humanity]] is to attend to your own affairs, and thus give other people an opportunity to look after theirs.If there is any better way to teach [[virtue]] than by practicing it, I do not know it.
**[[Elbert Hubbard]], in "The Better Part" (1901).

==J==

* The steps of [[Hegel]]’s decline are here undeviatingly retraced. Hegel, who did not know the socialized proletariat, began by regarding all history as the history of the philosopher, of consciousness and self-consciousness, and ended with the state bureaucracy. The [[Stalinists]] use almost the identical phrases. The proletariat’s role in the struggle for socialism is to work harder and harder, while the leadership and organization are left to the "criticism and self-criticism” of the elite, the bureaucracy, the party. Everything depends on the party, on the bureaucracy’s consciousness and self-consciousness of correctness and incorrectness, its direction, its control, its foresight. The masses are merely at the disposal of the party as they are at the disposal of capital.
** [[C. L. R. James]], [https://www.marxists.org/archive/james-clr/works/1950/08/state-capitalism.htm "State Capitalism and World Revolution"] (1950), ''{{w|Marxists Internet Archive}}.

* Often intellectuals turn toward Marx and Lenin and Hegel. They meet Stalinism which spends incredible time, care, energy and vigilance in holding Marx and Lenin within the bounds of their private-property state-property philosophy. The Stalinists repeat interminably that dialectics is the transformation of quantity into quality, leaps, breaks in continuity, opposition of capitalism and socialism. It is part and parcel of their determination to represent state-property as revolutionary. In 1917, when the struggle in the working class movement was between reform and revolution, these conceptions may have been debatable. Today all arguments fade into insignificance in face of the actuality. The critical question today, which the Stalinists must avoid like the revolution, is how was the October Revolution transformed into its opposite, the Stalinist counter-revolution, and how is this counter-revolution in turn to be transformed into its opposite. This is the dialectical law which Lenin mastered between 1914 and 1917, the negation of the negation, the self-mobilization of the proletariat as the economics and politics of socialism.
** [[C. L. R. James]], [https://www.marxists.org/archive/james-clr/works/1950/08/state-capitalism.htm "State Capitalism and World Revolution"] (1950), ''{{w|Marxists Internet Archive}}.

* Today, the reading of Lenin shows that he never at any time allowed himself to slip from seeing socialism as proletarian power, using all necessary and objective forms but carefully distinguishing the fundamental universal of proletarian power from the concrete molds into which history had forced that specific revolution. For Lenin the readiness of Russia for socialism was the appearance of the Soviet, a new form of social organization.
** [[C. L. R. James]], [https://www.marxists.org/archive/james-clr/works/1950/08/state-capitalism.htm "State Capitalism and World Revolution"] (1950), ''{{w|Marxists Internet Archive}}.

* This isn't new. Those who favor socialism always make the moral case for it. The truth is, maybe they actually believe in it, but in the real world, socialism harms, it weakens the economies of countries that have tried it. It just does. Weaker economies hurt everybody in them. Socialism kills incentive, opportunity, freedom. It is the opposite of what America is all about. Look, socialism always harms the people it claims to help the most. It handicaps them, leaving them weaker, less self-determined, less free. We should have this debate out in the open.
**[[w:Bobby Jindal|Bobby Jindal]], [http://friesian.com/capit-1.htm#note-0 "Notable & Quotable," The Wall Street Journal, June 11, 2015, A15, in response to a question by radio host Mike Gallager about comments by Barack Obama on ObamaCare before the Supreme Court, June 10, 2015].

* We have to say yes to socialism — to the word and everything ... Medicare for all, ending student debt, a different approach to the war on terror, ending mass incarceration.
**[http://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2018/09/10/jim-carrey-says-stop-apologizing-and-say-yes-to-socialism.html Jim Carrey says "stop apologizing" and "say yes to socialism"] (September 2018)

* ‘Socialism’ is a 19th century idea with a 20th century history.
** [[Tony Judt]], ''Ill Fares The Land'' (2010), "What Is Living and What Is Dead in Social Democracy?"

==K==
[[File:Kasparow garri 20100521 berlin 5.jpg|thumb|[T]he failure of [[capitalism]] is still much better than the success of socialism. ~ [[Garry Kasparov]]]]
[[File:S-21_Skull_Map.jpg|thumb|No cause, ever, in the history of all mankind, has produced more cold-blooded tyrants, more slaughtered innocents, and more orphans than socialism with power. It surpassed, exponentially, all other systems of production in turning out the dead. The bodies are all around us. And here is the problem: No one talks about them. No one honors them. No one does penance for them. ~ [[Alan Charles Kors]]]]
*"[[w:Socialism|Socialism]] with a human face"? ... Frankenstein also had a human face.
**[[Garry Kasparov]], [http://conversationswithbillkristol.org/video/garry-kasparov/ interview with Bill Kristol] (February 2016), [http://conversationswithbillkristol.org/transcript/garry-kasparov-transcript/ transcript]

*The failure of [[capitalism]] is still much better than the success of socialism.
**[[Garry Kasparov]], [http://conversationswithbillkristol.org/video/garry-kasparov-ii/ Interview with Bill Kristol] (April 2016), [http://conversationswithbillkristol.org/transcript/garry-kasparov-ii-transcript/ transcript]

*The socialist economy has become so strong, so vigorous that from the summits we have reached we can issue an open challenge of peaceful economic competition to the most powerful capitalist country—the United States of America.
**[[Nikita Khrushchev]], concluding speech to twenty-second congress of the {{w|Communist party of the Soviet Union}} (October 27, 1961); in Thomas P. Whitney, ed., ''Khrushchev Speaks: Selected Speeches, Articles, and Press Conferences, 1949–1961'' (1963), p. 450.

*This country has socialism for the rich, and rugged individualism for the poor.
**[[Martin Luther King, Jr.]] quoted by [https://berniesanders.com/democratic-socialism-in-the-united-states/ ''Bernie Sanders on Democratic Socialism in the United States''] (19 November 2015)

* Call it [[democracy]], or call it [[democratic socialism]], but there must be a better distribution of wealth within this country for all God’s children.
**[[Martin Luther King, Jr.]], May 1965 speech to the Negro American Labor Council, in T. Jackson, ''From Civil Rights to Human Rights'' (2009), p. 230

*No cause, ever, in the history of all mankind, has produced more cold-blooded tyrants, more slaughtered innocents, and more orphans than socialism with power. It surpassed, exponentially, all other systems of production in turning out the dead. The bodies are all around us. And here is the problem: No one talks about them. No one honors them. No one does penance for them. No one has committed suicide for having been an apologist for those who did this to them. No one pays for them. No one is hunted down to account for them. It is exactly what Solzhenitsyn foresaw in ''The Gulag Archipelago'': "No, no one would have to answer. No one would be ''looked into''."
**[[Alan Charles Kors]], as quoted in [https://web.archive.org/web/20160217064704/http://www.wsj.com/articles/notable-quotable-the-victims-of-socialism-1455667462 "Notable & Quotable: The Victims of Socialism"] (17 February 2016), ''The Wall Street Journal'', A13

*Socialism, wherever it actually had the means to plan a society, to pursue efficaciously its vision of the abolition of private property, economic inequality, and the allocation of capital and goods by free markets, culminated in the crushing of individual, economic, religious, associational, and political liberty. Its collectivization of agriculture alone led to untold suffering, scarcity, and contempt for property as the fruit of labor... The cognitive behavior of Western intellectuals faced with the accomplishments of their own society, on the one hand, and with the socialist ideal and then the socialist reality, on the other, takes one's breath away...[R]egimes of central planning create poverty and occasion ineluctable developments toward totalitarianism and the worst abuses of power. Dynamic free-market societies, grounded in rights-based individualism, have altered the entire human conception of liberty and of dignity for formerly marginalized groups. The entire "socialist experiment," by contrast, ended in stasis; ethnic hatreds; the absence of even the minimal preconditions of economic, social, and political renewal; and categorical contempt for both individuation and minority rights. Our children do not know this true comparison.
**[[Alan Charles Kors]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20150711210614/http://atlassociety.org:80/objectivism/atlas-university/deeper-dive-blog/3962-can-there-be-an-after-socialism "Can There Be an ‘After Socialism’?"] (27 September 2003), ''Atlas Society''

*[[w:Socialism|Socialism]] is easily understood by any child; it is [[Theft|taking other people's stuff]]... [S]ocialism with authentic, political power must lead to tyranny and cruelty... Socialism almost never has been judged as a goal in value by the experience of communism in power... Until socialism is confronted with its lived, communist reality, the gravest atrocities of all recorded human life, we live in its age.
**[[Alan Charles Kors]], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PCrYoYpWuDo&feature=youtu.be "Socialism's Legacy"] (2011), ''The John W. Pope Lecture Series'', The Clemson Institute for the Study of Capitalism

*The major political event of the twentieth century is the death of socialism.
**[[Irving Kristol]], ''Neo-Conservatism: The Autobiography of an Idea'' (1995)

==L==

* Cannibalism is actually a sort of dietetic socialism. Here is the ultimate sacrifice. A human life is taken for the purpose of maximizing the ‘public welfare.’
** [[w:Robert LeFevre|Robert LeFevre]], ''The Fundamentals of Liberty'', Santa Ana: CA, Rampart Institute (1988) p. 375.

* We want to achieve a new and better order of society: in this new and better society there must be neither rich nor poor; all will have to work. Not a handful of rich people, but all the working people must enjoy the fruits of their common labour. Machines and other improvements must serve to ease the work of all and not to enable a few to grow rich at the expense of millions and tens of millions of people. This new and better society is called socialist society. The teachings about this society are called socialism.
** [[Vladimir Lenin]], "To the Rural Poor", ''Collected Works'', vol. 6, p. 366.

* Whoever wants to reach socialism by any other path than that of political democracy will inevitably arrive at conclusions that are absurd and reactionary both in the economic and the political sense.
** [[Vladimir Lenin]], "Two Tactics of Social Democracy in the Democratic Revolution" (1905), ''Collected Works'', vol. 9, p. 29.

* The old trick of the reactionaries: first to misinterpret socialism by making it out to be an absurdity, and then to triumphantly refute the absurdity! ... Experience and reason prove that men are not equal ... in physical strength and mental ability. ... But this kind of equality has nothing whatever to do with socialism. ... By political equality Social-Democrats mean equal rights, and ... abolition of classes. As for establishing human equality in the sense of equality of strength and abilities (physical and mental), socialists do not even think of such things.
** [[Vladimir Lenin]], "A Liberal Professor on Equality", 1914.

* There are certain types of people who are political out of a kind of religious reason [...] I think it's fairly common among socialists: They are, in fact, God-seekers, looking for the kingdom of God on earth. A lot of religious reformers have been like that, too. It's the same psychological set, trying to abolish the present in favor of some better future — always taking it for granted that there is a better future. If you don't believe in heaven, then you believe in socialism. When I was in my real Communist phase, I and the people around me really believed — but, of course, this makes us certifiable — that something like 10 years after World War II, the world would be Communist and perfect.
**[[Doris Lessing]], as quoted in [http://www.nytimes.com/books/99/01/10/specials/lessing-space.html "Doris Lessing on Feminism, Communism and Space Fiction"] (25 July 1982), Lesley Hazelton, New York Times Book Review

* Let us not destroy those wonderful machines that produce efficiently and cheaply. Let us control them. Let us profit by their efficiency and cheapness. Let us run them for ourselves. Let us oust the present owners of the wonderful machines, and let us own the wonderful machines ourselves. That, gentlemen, is socialism, a greater combination than the trusts, a greater economic and social combination than any that has as yet appeared on the planet. It is in line with evolution. We meet combination with greater combination.
** [[Jack London]], ''The Iron Heel'', Chapter VIII, "The Machine Breakers".

* Merely pointing to the fact that some people have a lot more than others is less compelling as a critique; it invites the response “So what? Those who have more aren’t hurting anybody; you’re just appealing to envy.” By contrast, being able to show that those who enjoy a higher socioeconomic status have to a considerable extent achieved and maintained that status by forcibly expropriating and oppressing the less affluent provides for a far more effective indictment.
** [[Roderick Long]], "Left-libertarianism, market anarchism, class conflict and historical theories of distributive justice," ''Griffith Law Review'', Vol. 21 Issue 2 (2012), pp. 413-431.

* Bourgeois society stands at the crossroads, either transition to Socialism or regression into Barbarism.
** [[Rosa Luxemburg]], ''Junius Pamphlet'' (1916)

==M==
[[File:GolodomorKharkiv.jpg|thumb|The function of socialism is to raise suffering to a higher level. ~ [[Norman Mailer]]]]

* The function of socialism is to raise suffering to a higher level.
**[[Norman Mailer]], as quoted in ''Peter's Quotations : Ideas for Our Time'' (1977) by Laurence J. Peter

*It is true, as I have already stated, that I have been influenced by [[Marxist]] thought. But this is also true of many of the leaders of the new independent States. Such widely different persons as [[Mahatma Gandhi|Gandhi]], [[Jawaharlal Nehru|Nehru]], [[w:Kwame Nkrumah|Nkrumah]], and [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] all acknowledge this fact. We all accept the need for some form of socialism to enable our people to catch up with the advanced countries of this world and to overcome their legacy of extreme poverty. But this does not mean we are Marxists.
**[[Nelson Mandela]], statement from the dock at the opening of the defence case in the Rivonia Trial, Pretoria Supreme Court, (20 April 1964).

*It is the common error of Socialists to overlook the natural indolence of mankind; their tendency to be passive, to be the slaves of habit, to persist indefinitely in a course once chosen. Let them once attain any state of existence which they consider tolerable, and the danger to be apprehended is that they will thenceforth stagnate; will not exert themselves to improve, and by letting their faculties rust, will lose even the energy required to preserve them from deterioration. Competition may not be the best conceivable stimulus, but it is at present a necessary one, and no one can foresee the time when it will not be indispensable to progress.
**[[John Stuart Mill]], "The Principles of Political Economy", [http://books.google.com/books?id=KRQoAAAAYAAJ& Vol.2], Book IV, Chapter 7.

*The champions of socialism call themselves progressives, but they recommend a system which is characterized by rigid observance of routine and by a resistance to every kind of improvement. They call themselves liberals, but they are intent upon abolishing liberty. They call themselves democrats, but they yearn for dictatorship. They call themselves revolutionaries, but they want to make the government omnipotent. They promise the blessings of the Garden of Eden, but they plan to transform the world into a gigantic post office. Every man but one a subordinate clerk in a bureau. What an alluring utopia! What a noble cause to fight!
**[[Ludwig von Mises]], [http://grandoldpartisan.typepad.com/blog/2016/05/bureaucracy.html ''Bureaucracy''] (1944), New Haven: Yale University Press

* Socialism as a universal mode of production is impracticable because it is impossible to make economic calculations within a socialist system. The choice for mankind is not between two economic systems. It is between capitalism and chaos.
** [[Ludwig von Mises]], ''Omnipotent Government: The Rise of the Total State and the Total War'', Mises Institute (2010) p. 55. First published in 1944 by Yale University Press.

* Thus socialism must lead to the dissolution of democracy. The sovereignty of the consumers and the democracy of the market are the characteristic features of the capitalist system. Their corollary in the realm of politics is the people’s sovereignty and democratic control of government.
** [[Ludwig von Mises]], ''Omnipotent Government: The Rise of the Total State and the Total War'', Mises Institute (2010) p. 53. First published in 1944 by Yale University Press.

* Unquestionably, [[Communism|Bolshevism]] has ruined the economic life of Russia... For our part, we declare war on socialism, not because it is socialism, but because it has opposed [[nationalism]].
** [[Benito Mussolini]], ''Il Popolo d'Italia'', 23 March 1919. Reprinted in Charles Floyd Delzell, ''Mediterranean Fascism 1919–1945''. Springer, 1971. Marco Piraino; Stefano Fiorito, ''Fascist identity : political project and doctrine of fascism'' Lulu.com, 2009.

* No individuals or groups (political parties, cultural associations, economic unions, social classes) outside the State. Fascism is therefore opposed to Socialism to which unity within the State (which amalgamates classes into a single economic and ethical reality) is unknown, and which sees in history nothing but the class struggle. Fascism is likewise opposed to trade unionism as a class weapon.
** [[Benito Mussolini]], and [[w:Giovanni Gentile|Giovanni Gentile]] "Doctrine of Fascism", 1932. Reprinted in Charles Floyd Delzell, ''Mediterranean Fascism 1919–1945''. Springer, 1971.

* Some still ask of us: what do you want? We answer with three words that summon up our entire program. Here they are…Italy, Republic, Socialization. . .Socialization is no other than the implantation of Italian Socialism…
** [[Benito Mussolini]] as quoted in ''Revolutionary Fascism'', Erik Norling, Lisbon, Finis Mundi Press (2011) pp.119-120. Speech given by Mussolini to a group of Milanese Fascist veterans on October 14, 1944.

==N==
[[File:Killing_fields_bones.jpg|thumb|[There is] not a single free socialism to be found anywhere in the world. ~ [[w:Robert Nisbet|Robert Nisbet]]]]
* Socialism itself can hope to exist only for brief periods here and there, and then only through the exercise of the extremest terrorism. For this reason it is secretly preparing itself for rule through fear and is driving the word ‘justice’ into the heads of the half-educated masses like a nail so as to rob them of their reason... and to create in them a good conscience for the evil game they are to play.
** [[Friedrich Nietzsche |Friedrich Nietzsche]], ''Human, All Too Human'', Cambridge University Press, 1996, pp. 173-174. First published in 1878.

*[There is] not a single free socialism to be found anywhere in the world.
**[[w:Robert Nisbet|Robert Nisbet]], as quoted in [https://www.commentarymagazine.com/articles/capitalism-socialism-and-democracy/ "Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy: A Symposium"] (1 April 1978), edited by William Barrett, ''Commentary''

* Lacking much historical information and assuming (1) that victims of [[injustice]] generally do worse than they otherwise would and (2) that those from the least well-off group in the society have the highest probabilities of being the (descendants of) victims of the most serious injustice who are owed compensation by those who benefited from the injustices, ... then a ''rough'' rule of thumb for rectifying injustices might seem to be the following: organize society so as to maximize the position of whatever group ends up least well-off in the society. ... These issues are very complex and are best left to a full treatment of the principle of rectification. In the absence of such a treatment applied to a particular society, one ''cannot'' use the analysis and theory presented here to condemn any particular scheme of [[Redistribution of income and wealth|transfer payments]], unless it is clear that no considerations of rectification of injustice could apply to justify it. Although to introduce socialism as the punishment for our sins would be to go too far, past injustices might seem to be so great as to make necessary in the short run a more extensive state in order to rectify them.
** [[Robert Nozick]], ''[[w:Anarchy, State and Utopia|Anarchy, State and Utopia]]'' (1974), pp. [http://books.google.com/books?id=fVITAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT138 231-232]

==O==
[[File:Flag of the Soviet Union (1923-1955).svg|thumb|In my opinion, [[nothing]] has contributed so much to the corruption of the original idea of socialism as the belief that [[Russia]] is a socialist country and that every act of its rulers must be excused, if not imitated. ~ [[George Orwell]] ]]
[[File:39 Zis Stalin.jpg|thumb|I had seen little evidence that the USSR was progressing towards anything that one could truly call Socialism. ~ [[George Orwell]] ]]
*The Spanish war and other events in 1936-7 turned the scale and thereafter I knew where I stood. Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism and for [[democratic Socialism]], as I understand it. It seems to me nonsense, in a period like our own, to think that one can avoid writing of such subjects.
**[[George Orwell]] in [http://www.k-1.com/Orwell/site/work/essays/write.html "Why I Write"], ''Gangrel'' (Summer 1946).

*In addition to this there is the horrible—the really disquieting—prevalence of cranks wherever Socialists are gathered together. One sometimes gets the impression that the mere words 'Socialism' and '[[Communism]]' draw towards them with magnetic force every fruit-juice drinker, nudist, sandal-wearer, sex-maniac, Quaker, 'Nature Cure' quack, pacifist, and feminist in England.
**[[George Orwell]], ''[[The Road to Wigan Pier]]'', Ch. 11

*As with the Christian religion, the worst advertisement for Socialism is its adherents.
**[[George Orwell]], ''[[The Road to Wigan Pier]]'', Ch. 11.

*In my opinion, nothing has contributed so much to the corruption of the original idea of socialism as the belief that Russia is a socialist country and that every act of its rulers must be excused, if not imitated. And so for the last ten years, I have been convinced that the destruction of the Soviet myth was essential if we wanted a revival of the socialist movement.
**[[George Orwell]], in [http://home.iprimus.com.au/korob/Orwell.html Preface to the Ukrainian edition] of ''[[Animal Farm]]'', as published in ''The Collected Essays, Journalism, and Letters of George Orwell : As I please, 1943-1945'' (1968).

*Since 1930 I had seen little evidence that the USSR was progressing towards anything that one could truly call Socialism. On the contrary, I was struck by clear signs of its transformation into a hierarchical society, in which the rulers have no more reason to give up their power than any other ruling class. Moreover, the workers and intelligentsia in a country like England cannot understand that the USSR of today is altogether different from what it was in 1917. It is partly that they do not want to understand (i.e. they want to believe that, somewhere, a really Socialist country does actually exist), and partly that, being accustomed to comparative freedom and moderation in public life, totalitarianism is completely incomprehensible to them.
**[[George Orwell]] in the original preface to ''[[Animal Farm]]''; as published in ''George Orwell : Some Materials for a Bibliography'' (1953) by Ian R. Willison.

==P==
[[File:József körút a Corvin (Kisfaludy) köznél. Harcképtelenné tett ISU-152-es szovjet rohamlövegek, a háttérben egy T-34-85 harckocsi. Fortepan 24854.jpg|thumb|The merger of political and economic power implicit in socialism greatly strengthens the ability of the state and its bureaucracy to control the population. ~ [[w:Richard Pipes|Richard Pipes]]]]
*In three ways unemployment would be reduced. First ... by greater equalization of purchasing power and consequent stimulus in the form of effective demand. Second, by utilizing the national credit and socialized industries for the creation of new industries and the extension of existing ones. ... Social ownership and operation of the basic industries, and especially socialized banking and credit, would greatly facilitate the task of shifting the masses of unemployed into productive channels. Third, if necessary, by shortening working hours and dividing the available work among all the people.
**[[Kirby Page]], ''[[Property]]'' (1935).

*The actual participants in industry under individualism are prompted to action by the following combination of incentives: desire for an income, desire for a higher income, desire for security, satisfaction received from shouldering responsibility or from wielding power, the joy of participation in creative activity, and the desire for applause and prestige. ... And all these motivations may be conserved and strengthened under socialism.
**[[Kirby Page]], ''Property'' (1935).

*A social order in which the maximum legal income is not more than tenfold the minimum... and in which competition for private profit has been eliminated, and in which social motivations are more dominant, is certain to be a more harmonious community than can ever be created by economic individualism.
**[[Kirby Page]], ''Property'' (1935).

* The system of production developed in Russia is State socialism. It is organized production, with the State as universal employer, master of the entire production apparatus. The workers are master of the means of production no more than under Western capitalism. They receive their wages and are exploited by the State as the only mammoth capitalist. So the name [[State capitalism]] can be applied with precisely the same meaning. The entirety of the ruling and leading bureaucracy of officials is the actual owner of the factories, the possessing class.
** [[Antonie Pannekoek]], ''Workers Councils'' (1947), Section 2.5

*The historical experience of socialist countries has sadly demonstrated that [[collectivism]] does not do away with alienation but rather increases it, adding to it a lack of basic necessities and economic inefficiency.
**[[Pope John Paul II]], ''Centesimus Annus'' (1991).

* The fundamental reason why Medicare is failing is why the [[Soviet Union]] failed; socialism doesn't work.
** [[Rand Paul]], as quoted in ''Kentucky Tonight'' (16 June 1998), KET

*The merger of political and economic power implicit in socialism greatly strengthens the ability of the state and its bureaucracy to control the population. Theoretically, this capacity need not be exercised and need not lead to growing domination of the population by the state. In practice, such a tendency is virtually inevitable. For one thing, the socialization of the economy must lead to a numerical growth of the bureaucracy required to administer it, and this process cannot fail to augment the power of the state. For another, socialism leads to a tug of war between the state, bent on enforcing its economic monopoly, and the ordinary citizen, equally determined to evade it; the result is repression and the creation of specialized repressive organs.
**[[w:Richard Pipes|Richard Pipes]], as quoted in [https://www.commentarymagazine.com/articles/capitalism-socialism-and-democracy/ "Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy: A Symposium"] (1 April 1978), edited by William Barrett, ''Commentary''

*The moment that the Chinese scientists and doctors announced that the [[coronavirus]] could be transmitted between human beings on Jan. 20, 2020, the [[socialist]] governments went into action to monitor ports of entry and to test and trace key parts of the population. They set up task forces and procedures to immediately make sure that the infection would not go out of control amongst their people. They did not wait till the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global pandemic on March 11. This is in stark contrast to governments in the United States, the United Kingdom, Brazil, India, and other [[capitalist]] states, where there has been a hallucinatory attitude towards the Chinese government and the WHO. There is no comparison between the stance of Vietnam’s [[w:Nguyen Xuan Phuc|Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc]] and U.S. President [[Donald Trump]]: the former had a sober, [[science]]-based attitude, while the latter has consistently laughed off the coronavirus as a simple flu as recently as June 24.
**[[Vijay Prashad]] in [https://consortiumnews.com/2020/07/16/covid-19-why-laos-vietnam-china-have-beaten-the-virus-and-india-brazil-and-the-us-have-not/ COVID-19: Why Laos, Vietnam & China Have Beaten the Virus and India, Brazil and the US Have Not, ''Consortium News''] (16 July 2020)

==R==
[[File:Katyn massacre 1.jpg|thumb|[T]he history of the 20th century was basically that of the swath of destruction left across the globe by socialist ideas, from the international socialism of the Bolsheviks and the Soviet Union to the national socialism of Adolf Hitler. ~ [[Glenn Reynolds]]]]
[[File:Escasez en Venezuela, Central Madeirense 8.JPG|thumb|Want real [[w:Socialism|socialism]]? Look at [[Venezuela]], an oil-exporting nation that is now dead broke even as the family of its socialist dictator, Hugo Chavez, reportedly somehow inherited billions at his death in 2013. Redistribution of wealth often seems to involve redistributing most of it to the people on top of the socialist pyramid. ~ [[Glenn Reynolds]]]]

*I know that some people in the U.S. associate the Nordic model with some sort of socialism... Therefore, I would like to make one thing clear. Denmark is far from a socialist planned economy. Denmark is a market economy... The Nordic model is an expanded welfare state which provides a high level of security to its citizens, but it is also a successful market economy with much freedom to pursue your dreams and live your life as you wish.
**[[Lars Løkke Rasmussen]], [http://www.vox.com/2015/10/31/9650030/denmark-prime-minister-bernie-sanders "Nordic Solutions and Challenges: A Danish Perspective"] (October 2015), speech to Harvard's Kennedy School of Government.
[[File:Wilhelm Reich.jpg|thumb|In the strictly [[Marxist]] sense, there is not even in {{w|Soviet Russia}} a {{w|state socialism}} but a {{w|state capitalism}}. ~ [[Wilhelm Reich]] ]]
*In the strictly Marxist sense, there is not even in {{w|Soviet Russia}} a {{w|state socialism}} but a {{w|state capitalism}}. According to Marx, the social condition "capitalism" does not consist in the existence of individual capitalists, but in the existence of the specific "capitalist mode of production", that is, in the production of exchange values instead of use values, in [[W:Wage labour|wage work]] of the masses and in the production of {{w|surplus value}}, which is appropriated by the state or the private owners, and not by the society of working people. In this strictly Marxist sense, the capitalistic system continues to exist in Russia. And it will continue to exist as long as the masses of people continue to lack responsibility and to crave authority.
**[[Wilhelm Reich]], in his Introduction to the third edition of ''The Mass Psychology of Fascism'' (1945).

*So let me get this straight: Extending additional unemployment benefits to out-of-work Americans during a pandemic will make them lazy and lead to socialism, but trillions in bailouts to Wall St. bankers and corporate execs is good for the economy?
**[[Robert Reich]], [https://twitter.com/RBReich/status/1279935180120129537 Twitter,] (5 July 2020)

*You are afraid of life, Little Man, deadly afraid. You will murder it in the belief of doing it for the sake of "socialism," or "the state," or "national honor," or "the glory of God."
**[[Wilhelm Reich]], ''Listen, Little Man!'' (1948).

*The Idiots of socialism are slaves, but they are no one's property and therefore no one's loss... Under communism (socialism), there is no incentive to supply people with anything they need or want, including safety.
**[[George Reisman]], ''Capitalism : A Treatise on Economics'' (1996).

*A socialist is someone who wants politicians to decide who gets what; a “democratic socialist” wants the politicians to at least stand for election first. ... Socialism does have a siren call — essentially, the promise that if you vote for socialists, they’ll take stuff away from other people and give it to you. Since many people would rather have free stuff given to them in the name of “fairness” than have to work to get their own stuff, it’s never hard to round up votes with that approach. As the saying goes, a government that robs Peter to pay Paul can count on getting Paul’s vote. ... The history of the 20th century was basically that of the swath of destruction left across the globe by socialist ideas, from the international socialism of the Bolsheviks and the Soviet Union to the national socialism of Adolf Hitler. ... Want real socialism? Look at [[Venezuela]], an oil-exporting nation that is now dead broke even as the family of its socialist dictator, Hugo Chavez, reportedly somehow inherited billions at his death in 2013. Redistribution of wealth often seems to involve redistributing most of it to the people on top of the socialist pyramid.
**[[Glenn Reynolds]], [http://web.archive.org/web/20160212002639/http://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2016/02/11/glenn-reynolds-socialism-bernie-sanders-young-millennial-voters-column/80169668/ "Socialism not as hot as its spokesman"] (11 February 2016), ''USA Today''

* For two decades the supporters of Bolshevism have been hammering it into the masses that [[dictatorship]] is a vital [[necessity]] for the defense of the so-called [[proletarian]] interests against the assaults of {{w|counter-revolution}} and for paving the way for [[Socialism]]. They have not advanced the cause of Socialism by this [[propaganda]], but have merely smoothed the way for [[Fascism]] in [[Italy]], [[Germany]] and [[Austria]] by causing millions of people to forget that dictatorship, the most extreme form of tyranny, can never lead to [[social]] [[liberation]]. In [[Russia]], the so-called [[w:Dictatorship of the proletariat#Stalinism and "dictatorship"|dictatorship of the proletariat]] has not led to Socialism, but to the domination of a [[w:Nomenklatura|new bureaucracy]] over the proletariat and the [[whole]] [[people]]. … What the Russian [[autocrats]] and their supporters [[fear]] most is that the [[success]] of {{w|libertarian Socialism}} in [[w:Second Spanish Republic|Spain]] might [[prove]] to their blind followers that the much vaunted "necessity of dictatorship" is [[nothing]] but one vast [[fraud]] which in Russia has led to the [[despotism]] of [[Stalin]] and is to serve [[Spanish Civil War|today in Spain]] to help the counter-revolution to a victory over the [[w:Spanish Revolution of 1936|revolution]] of the [[workers]] and the [[peasants]].
** [[Rudolf Rocker]], ''The Tragedy of Spain'' (1937), p. 35.

==S==
[[File:Thaly Kálmán utca, az Üllői út 87. Thaly Kálmán utca felé eső homlokzata. Fortepan 24736.jpg|thumb|Why is it after a century of socialist disasters, and an intellectual legacy that has been time and again exploded, the left-wing position remains, as it were, the default position to which thinking people gravitate when called upon for a comprehensive philosophy? Why are "right-wingers" marginalised in the educational system, denounced in the media and regarded by our political class as untouchable, fit only to clean up after the orgies of luxurious nonsense indulged in by their moral superiors? ~ [[Roger Scruton]]]]
[[File:Libertarian Socialist Flag.svg|thumb|I, who said forty years ago that we should have had Socialism already but for the Socialists, am quite willing to drop the [[name]] if dropping it will help me to get the thing. ~ [[George Bernard Shaw]] ]]
[[File:Russia EWCS №182 Solzhenitsyn FD cancellation.jpg|thumb|Socialism of any type leads to a total destruction of the human spirit and to a leveling of mankind into death. ~ [[w:Alexander Solzhenitsyn|Alexander Solzhenitsyn]]]]
[[File:Obatagawa River @ Okutama (11167985965).jpg|thumb|Socialism is nothing but the capitalism of the lower classes. ~ [[Oswald Spengler]]]]
* The future of mankind, for the socialist, is simple: pull down the existing order and allow the future to emerge.
**[[Roger Scruton]], "Eliot and Conservatism" (p. 208), [https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0826493912 ''A Political Philosophy''] (2006), Continuum Books

* Why is it after a century of socialist disasters, and an intellectual legacy that has been time and again exploded, the left-wing position remains, as it were, the default position to which thinking people gravitate when called upon for a comprehensive philosophy? Why are "right-wingers" marginalised in the educational system, denounced in the media and regarded by our political class as untouchable, fit only to clean up after the orgies of luxurious nonsense indulged in by their moral superiors?
**[[Roger Scruton]], ''Fools, Frauds and Firebrands, Thinkers of the New Left'' (Bloomsbury, 2015)

*The socialism I believe in is everyone working for each other, everyone having a share of the rewards. It's the way I see football, the way I see life.
**[[Bill Shankly]], {{cite book
|title=Shankly's Village: The Extraordinary Life and Times of Glenbuck and its Famous Footballing Sons
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qe7NCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT162&lpg=PT162&dq=%22The+socialism+I+believe+in+is+everyone+working+for+each+other,+everyone+having+a+share+of+the+rewards.+It%27s+the+way+I+see+football,+the+way+I+see+life.%22&source=bl#v=onepage
|format=
|accessdate=2016-08-18
|year=2015
|location=Worthing, UK
|publisher=Pitch
|oclc=931595421
|isbn=9781785310706
}}

* Under Socialism, you would not be allowed to be poor. You would be forcibly fed, clothed, lodged, taught, and employed whether you liked it or not. If it were discovered that you had not character and industry enough to be worth all this trouble, you might possibly be executed in a kindly manner; but whilst you were permitted to live, you would have to live well.
** [[George Bernard Shaw]], ''The Intelligent Woman's Guide: To Socialism and Capitalism'', New York: NY, Brentano (1928) p. 670.

*As we know, socialism is calculational chaos. Rational appraisement and allocation are eternally elusive. It is a gigantic negative-sum game in which each player quickly grabs a piece of the pie, and all the while the pie shrinks before the players' eyes. The welfare/warfare state, the interventionist state, is no improvement. Each intervention begets yet another. Bureaucracy is the only 'industry' guaranteed to experience growth. Each new regulation taxes the private sector, relentlessly shifting resources out of the hands of the productive, and into the hands of the unproductive. Capitalism is the only positive-sum game in town.
**Larry J. Sechrest, in [http://mises.org/story/2921 "The Anti-Capitalists : Barbarians at the Gate"], Ludwig von Mises Memorial Lecture at the Austrian Scholars Conference in Auburn, Alabama (15 March 2008).

* Socialism is the same as Communism, only better English.
** [[George Bernard Shaw]] ''David Graham "Inside the Mind of George Bernard Shaw"''

*It is far more likely that by the time nationalization has become the rule, and private enterprise the exception, Socialism (which is really rather a bad name for the business) will be spoken of, if at all, as a crazy religion held by a fanatical sect in that darkest of dark ages, the nineteenth century. Already, indeed, I am told that Socialism has had its day, and that the sooner we stop talking nonsense about it and set to work, like the practical people we are, to nationalize the coal mines and complete a national electrification scheme, the better. And I, who said forty years ago that we should have had Socialism already but for the Socialists, am quite willing to drop the name if dropping it will help me to get the thing. What I meant by my jibe at the Socialists of the eighteen-eighties was that nothing is ever done, and much is prevented, by people who do not realize that they cannot do everything at once.
**[[George Bernard Shaw]], ''The Intelligent Woman's Guide To Socialism, Capitalism, Sovietism, And Fascism'' (1928).

*The trouble is with socialism, which resembles a form of mental illness more than it does a philosophy. Socialists get bees in their bonnets. And because they chronically lack any critical faculty to examine and evaluate their ideas, and because they are pathologically unwilling to consider the opinions of others, and most of all, because socialism is a mindset that regards the individual — and his rights — as insignificant, compared to whatever the socialist believes the group needs, terrible, terrible things happen when socialists acquire power.
**[[w:L. Neil Smith|L. Neil Smith]], in [http://www.ncc-1776.org/tle2009/tle510-20090315-02.html "Cambodian Road Trip," (15 March 2009)].

*In different places over the years I have had to prove that socialism, which to many western thinkers is a sort of kingdom of justice, was in fact full of coercion, of bureaucratic greed and corruption and avarice, and consistent within itself that socialism cannot be implemented without the aid of coercion. Communist propaganda would sometimes include statements such as "we include almost all the commandments of the Gospel in our ideology". The difference is that the Gospel asks all this to be achieved through love, through self-limitation, but socialism only uses coercion. This is one point.
**[[Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn]], Interview published in [http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/culture/art/an-interview-with-alexander-solzhenitsyn.html ''St. Austin Review''], 2 no. 2 (February 2003).

* Socialism of any type leads to a total destruction of the human spirit and to a leveling of mankind into death.
** [[w:Alexander Solzhenitsyn|Alexander Solzhenitsyn]], commencement address speech (“A World Split Apart”) at Harvard University (June 8, 1978)

* Socialism in general has a record of failure so blatant that only an intellectual could ignore or evade it.
** [[Thomas Sowell]], ''The Thomas Sowell Reader'', New York: NY, Basic Books (2011) p. 144, ''Forbes'' magazine, "The survival of the left" (Sept. 8, 1997)

* Socialism sounds great. It has always sounded great. And it will probably always continue to sound great. It is only when you go beyond rhetoric, and start looking at hard facts, that socialism turns out to be a big disappointment, if not a disaster.
** [[Thomas Sowell]], [http://townhall.com/columnists/thomassowell/2016/05/31/socialism-for-the-uninformed-n2171042 "Socialism for the Uninformed"], 31 May 2016, ''Town Hall''

*Capitalist enterprises buy components from others who have lower costs in producing those particular components, and sell their own output to whatever middlemen can most efficiently carry out its distribution. But a socialist economy may forego these advantages of specialization; and for perfectly rational reasons, given the very different circumstances in which they operate.
**[[Thomas Sowell]], ''Basic Economics'', 4th ed. (2010), Ch. 6. The Role of Profits—and Losses.

*What socialism, fascism and other ideologies of the left have in common is an assumption that some very wise people—like themselves—need to take decisions out of the hands of lesser people, like the rest of us, and impose those decisions by government fiat.
**[[Thomas Sowell]], [https://twitter.com/ThomasSowell/status/1040045287409111040 Twitter post] (12 September 2018)

* All socialism involves slavery. What is essential to the idea of a slave? We primarily think of him as one who is owned by another. To be more than nominal, however, the ownership must be shown by control of the slave’s actions, a control which is habitually for the benefit of the controller.
** [[Herbert Spencer]], [http://www.libertarianism.org/publications/essays/all-socialism-involves-slavery "The Coming Slavery"], ''The Contemporary Review'' (April 1884), p. 474. This essay was reprinted in chapter 2 of his book, [http://www.libertarianism.org/publications/essays/all-socialism-involves-slavery ''Man vs. the State''] (1884).

*Socialism is nothing but the capitalism of the lower classes.
**[[Oswald Spengler]], ''The Hour Of Decision, Part One : Germany and World-Historical Evolution'' (1934).

==T==
[[File:November 7 - gyufacímke sorozat (6).jpg|thumb|Socialists cry "Power to the people", and raise the clenched fist as they say it. We all know what they really mean—power ''over'' people, power to the State. ~ [[Margaret Thatcher]]]]
[[File:Donald J. Trump at 2019 State of the Union (46092930285) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Socialism promises prosperity, but it delivers poverty. Socialism promises unity, but it delivers hatred and it delivers division, socialism promises a better future, but it always returns to the darkest chapters of the past. That never fails. It always happens. ~ [[Donald Trump]]]]
* Wealth in modern societies is distributed according to opportunity; and while opportunity depends partly upon talent and energy, it depends still more upon birth, social position, access to education and inherited wealth; in a word, upon property.
** [[R. H. Tawney]], ''[[The Acquisitive Society]]'' (1920).

* If by "Property" is meant the personal possessions which the word suggests to nine-tenths of the population, the object of socialists is not to undermine property but to protect and increase it.
** [[R. H. Tawney]], ''The Acquisitive Society'' (1920).

* Socialism accepts... the principles, which are the cornerstones of democracy, that authority to justify its title , must rest on consent; that power is tolerable only so far as it is accountable to the public; and that differences of character and capacity between human beings, however important on their own plane, are of minor importance when compared with the capital fact of their common humanity. Its object is to extend the application of those principles from the sphere of civil and political rights, where, at present, they are nominally recognized, to that of economic and social organization, where they are systematically and insolently defined.
** [[R. H. Tawney]], ''Equality'' (1931), p. 197.

* Socialists cry "Power to the people", and raise the clenched fist as they say it. We all know what they really mean—power ''over'' people, power to the State.
** [[Margaret Thatcher]], in a [http://www.margaretthatcher.org/speeches/displaydocument.asp?docid=106348 speech to Conservative Central Council] (15 March, 1986).

*Socialism is a new form of slavery. ... As for me, I am deeply a democrat; this is why I am in no way a socialist. Democracy and socialism cannot go together. You can't have it both ways.
**[[Alexis de Tocqueville]], "Notes for a Speech on Socialism" (1848), quoted in ''The Tocqueville Reader: A Life in Letters and Politics'', eds. Olivier Zunz and Alan S. Kahan (2002), p. 250

* Hitler's socialism was his own and subordinate to his secret aims. His concept of organized economy was close to genuine socialism but he would be a socialist only so long as it served the greater goal.
** [[w:John Toland (author)|John Toland (author)]] ''Adolf Hitler: The Definitive Biography'' (1992), p 314.

* A nationalized planned economy needs democracy, as the human body needs oxygen.
** [[Leon Trotsky]] in a statement of 1936, as quoted in ''The Informed Vision : Essays On Learning And Human Nature '' (2002) by David Hawkins, p. 25; sometimes paraphrased "Socialism needs democracy like the human body needs oxygen."

* One of the most serious challenges our countries face is the specter of socialism. It’s the wrecker of nations and destroyer of societies. Events in Venezuela remind us all that '''socialism and communism are not about justice, they are not about equality, they are not about lifting up the poor, and they are certainly not about the good of the nation. Socialism and communism are about one thing only: power for the ruling class'''. Today, I repeat a message for the world that I have delivered at home: '''America will never be a socialist country'''.
**[[Donald Trump]], [https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-74th-session-united-nations-general-assembly/ Remarks to the 74th Session of the United Nations General Assembly] September 25 2019

* Here, in the United States, we are alarmed by new calls to adopt socialism in our country. America was founded on liberty and independence — and not government coercion, domination and control.
** [[Donald Trump]], 2019 State of the Union Address

* Socialism is a sad and discredited ideology rooted in the total ignorance of history and human nature, which is why socialism must always give rise to tyranny ... Socialism is about one thing only: power for the ruling class.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted in ''Trump: ‘America Will Never Be A Socialist Country’'', Daily Wire, February 19 2019

* Socialism promises prosperity, but it delivers poverty. Socialism promises unity, but it delivers hatred and it delivers division, socialism promises a better future, but it always returns to the darkest chapters of the past. That never fails. It always happens.
** [[Donald Trump]], as quoted in ''Trump: ‘America Will Never Be A Socialist Country’'', Daily Wire, February 19 2019

==W==
* In the European century that began in the 1840s from Engels's article of 1849 down to the death of Hitler, everyone who advocated genocide called himself a socialist, and no exception has been found.
**[[w:George Watson (scholar)|George Watson]], ''The Lost Literature of Socialism'' (1998) p. 80

*Socialism is the total opposite of capitalism/imperialism. It is the rejection of empire and white supremacy. Socialism is the violent overthrow of the bourgeoisie, the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat, and the eradication of the social system based on profit. Socialism means control of the productive forces for the good of the whole community instead of the few who live on hilltops and in mansions. Socialism means priorities based on human need instead of corporate greed. Socialism creates the conditions for a decent and creative quality of life for all.
**[[The Weather Underground]], ''Prairie Fire'' (1974)

* The idea of property arises out of the combative instincts of the species. Long before men were men, the ancestral ape was a proprietor. Primitive property is what a beast will fight for. The dog and his bone, the tigress and her lair, the roaring stag and his herd, these are proprietorship blazing. No more nonsensical expression is conceivable in sociology than the term "primitive communism." Society, therefore, is from its beginnings the mitigation of ownership. Ownership in the beast and in the primitive savage was far more intense a thing than it is in the civilized world today. It is rooted more strongly in our instincts than in our reason.
** [[H.G. Wells]], "Pause In Reconstruction And The Dawn Of Modern Socialism", in ''The Outline of History'' (1919).

* Socialism is not a bomb thrown at the natural institution of [[society]], but a well-considered medicine for a diseased [[community]].
** [[Rebecca West]], "A Training in Trucelence", in ''The Clarion,'' (14 February 1913), re-published in ''The Young Rebecca: Writings of Rebecca West, 1911-17'' (1982), p. 157.

*Yet there was an air of good humor about their idealism that made me feel they would not be too offended if I admitted that I regard socialists as well-meaning but muddle-headed brigands.
**[[Colin Wilson]] in ''Access to Inner Worlds'', p. 30.

*Nothing has spread Socialistic feeling in this country more than the use of automobiles. To the countryman they are a picture of arrogance of wealth with all its independence and carelessness.
**[[Woodrow Wilson]] before a dinner at the North Carolina Society as quoted in the [http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=FB0910F63B5A12738DDDAD0894DB405B868CF1D3 ''New York Times''] (March 4, 1906).

* A study has found that weaker men are more likely to be in favour of redistributive taxation.
** '''Weak men more likely to be socialists, study claims''', The Times, May 24 2017, Tom Whipple

==Y==
* From the human point of view, return paid to [[Capital|non-human factors of production]] is unearned. ... The employment of capital instruments and natural resources in economic production requires no personal hardship or exertion from any human being. The economic services provided by these factors of production are not corporeally inherent in human beings. The opposite is true of labor services, which can only be provided through the physical and mental activity of human beings. ... The really grossly exaggerated personal incomes in society are dominated by property income, and this source of inequality would be abrogated by the equalization of property income distribution.
** James A. Yunker, "The Social Dividend Under Market Socialism," ''Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics'', Vol. 48, No. 1 (1977), pp. 93-133.

==Z==

*We can now reintroduce genuine socialism to a world feeling the sickness of capitalism-its nationalist hatreds, its perpetual warfare, riches for a small number of people in a small number of countries, and hunger, homelessness, insecurity for everyone else.
**[[Howard Zinn]] in [http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Zinn/EDebs_Socialism_HZOH.html ''Eugene Debs and the Idea of Socialism'',] excerpted from the book ''Howard Zinn on History'' (2000)

*In the era of Debs, the first seventeen years of the twentieth century-until war created an opportunity to crush the movement-millions of Americans declared their adherence to the principles of socialism. Those were years of bitter labor struggles, the great walkouts of women garment workers in New York, the victorious multi-ethnic strike of textile workers in Lawrence, Massachusetts, the unbelievable courage of coal miners in Colorado, defying the power and wealth of the Rockefellers. The I.W.W. was born-revolutionary, militant, demanding "one big union" for everyone, skilled and unskilled, black and white, men and women, native-born and foreign-born... Socialism was especially strong in the Southwest, among tenant farmers, railroad workers, coal miners, lumberjacks. Oklahoma, home of the fiery Kate Richards O'Hare (jailed for opposing the war, she hurled a book through a skylight to bring fresh air into the foul-smelling jail block, bringing cheers from her fellow inmates) had 12,000 dues paying members in 1914 and over a hundred socialists in local offices.
**[[Howard Zinn]] in [http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Zinn/EDebs_Socialism_HZOH.html ''Eugene Debs and the Idea of Socialism'',] excerpted from the book ''Howard Zinn on History'' (2000)

*Anyone who goes around the country, or reads carefully the public opinion surveys over the past decade, can see that huge numbers of Americans agree on what should be the fundamental elements of a decent society: guaranteed food, housing, medical care for everyone; bread and butter as better guarantees of "national security" than guns and bombs, democratic control of corporate power, equal rights for all races, genders and sexual orientations, a recognition of the rights of immigrants as the unrecognized counterparts of our parents and grandparents, the rejection of war and violence as solutions for tyranny and injustice.
**[[Howard Zinn]] in [http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Zinn/EDebs_Socialism_HZOH.html ''Eugene Debs and the Idea of Socialism'',] excerpted from the book ''Howard Zinn on History'' (2000)

*Socialism...must have a dictatorship, it will not work without it.
**[[Mao Zedong]], as quoted in Dikötter, Frank, ''The Tragedy of Liberation: A History of the Chinese Revolution, 1945–57'' (New York: Bloomsbury Press, 1st U.S. ed. 2013 {{ISBN|978-1-62040-347-1}}, pp. 236–237 (author Dikötter chair prof. humanities, University of Hong Kong & was prof. modern history of China, School of Oriental & African Studies, Univ. of London.

==See also==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
* [[Anarchism]]
** [[Social anarchism]]
* [[Capitalism]]
* [[Christian socialism]]
* [[Class conflict]]
* [[Communism]]
* [[Comparison of Socialism and Fascism]]
* [[Democracy]]
* [[Democratic socialism]]
* [[Democratic Socialists of America]]
* [[Economic inequality]]
* [[Equality]]
* [[Ideology]]
* [[Imperialism]]
{{col-2}}
* [[Justice]]
* [[Market socialism]]
* [[Karl Marx]]
* [[Marxism]]
* [[Oligarchy]]
* [[Plutocracy]]
* [[Right-wing socialism]]
** [[National socialism]]
* [[Redistribution of income and wealth]]
* [[Revolution]]
* [[Social democracy]]
* [[Socialism of the 21st century]]
* [[State capitalism]]
{{col-end}}
* [[:Category:Socialism|List of Wikiquote articles related to socialism]]
* [[:Category:Socialists|List of Wikiquote articles on socialist thinkers and activists]]

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}
{{wiktionary|socialism}}
{{Commonscat}}
{{wikisource portal}}
{{Social and political philosophy}}

[[Category:Socialism| ]]

Welfare

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[[File:Welfare Benefits Payments Graph.gif|thumb|300px|Welfare's purpose should be to eliminate, as far as possible, the need for its own existence. ~ [[Ronald Reagan]], 1970]]
'''[[w:Welfare|Welfare]]''' is the state of [[w:wellbeing|well-being]]. More commonly, it refers to [[w:social support|social support]] for all citizens, sometimes referred to as ''public aid''. In most developed countries, welfare is largely provided by the government and to a lesser extent [[w:Charitable organization|charities]], informal social groups, religious groups, and inter-governmental organizations. The ''[[w:welfare state|welfare state]]'' expands on this concept to include services such as [[w:universal healthcare|universal healthcare]] and [[w:unemployment insurance|unemployment insurance]].
__NOTOC__
:'''CONTENT''' : [[#A - F|A - F]] , [[#G - L|G - L]] , [[#M - R|M - R]] , [[#S - Z|S - Z]] , [[#See also|See also]] , [[#External links|External links]]

== Quotes ==
:Sorted alphabetically by author or source

=== A - F ===
* There is no trust more sacred than the one the world holds with [[children]]. There is no [[duty]] more important than ensuring that their rights are respected, that their welfare is protected, that their lives are free from fear and want and that they grow up in [[peace]].
** [[Kofi Annan]], in [http://www.unicef.org/sowc00/foreword.htm "Foreword" to ''The State of the World's Children 2000'']

* While [[economics|economic theory]] in general may be defined as the theory of how an economic condition or an economic development is determined within an institutional framework, the {{w|welfare theory}} deals with how to judge whether one condition can be said to be better in some way than another and whether it is possible, by altering the institutional framework, to achieve a better condition than the present one.
** [[Kenneth Arrow]] and [[John Hicks]] (1972) From ''Nobel Lectures, Economics 1969-1980'', Editor Assar Lindbeck, World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 1992 ([http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1972/presentation-speech.html online]).

* A society is a cooperative venture for the mutual advantage of its members.
** [[Nicholas Barr]], ''Economics Of The Welfare State'' (Fourth Edition), Chapter 3, ''Political Theory: Social Justice And The State'', p. 42.

* The state is therefore everyone; the rules within the state are laws which safeguard the welfare of all and which must originate from the welfare of all.
** [[Georg Büchner]], ''[[w:The Hessian Courier|The Hessian Courier]]'' (1834).

*I care deeply about those who struggle to get by — but I believe the best thing to do is help them stand on their own two feet. And no, that’s not saying, "You're on your own," but, "We are on your side, helping you be all you can." And I believe in something for something; not something for nothing.
**[[David Cameron]], [https://www.nationalreview.com/corner/the-scarlet-z-etc/ "The Scarlet Z, for Zombie (Reaganite)"] (15 August 2018), by Jay Nordlinger, ''National Review Online''

* ''Salus populi suprema lex esto.''
** Translation: Let the welfare of the people be the ultimate law.
** [[Cicero]], ''De Legibus''

*I feel obliged to withhold my approval of the plan, as proposed by this bill, to indulge a benevolent and charitable sentiment through the appropriation of public funds for that purpose. I can find no warrant for such an appropriation in the Constitution, and I do not believe that the power and duty of the general government ought to be extended to the relief of individual suffering which is in no manner properly related to the public service or benefit. A prevalent tendency to disregard the limited mission of this power and duty should, I think, be steadfastly resisted, to the end that the lesson should be constantly enforced that, though the people support the government, the government should not support the people. The friendliness and charity of our countrymen can always be relied upon to relieve their fellow-citizens in misfortune. This has been repeatedly and quite lately demonstrated. Federal aid in such cases encourages the expectation of paternal care on the part of the government and weakens the sturdiness of our national character, while it prevents the indulgence among our people of that kindly sentiment and conduct which strengthens the bonds of a common brotherhood.
**[[s:Cleveland's_Veto_of_the_Texas_Seed_Bill|"Veto of the Texas Seed Bill"]] (16 February 1887)

=== G - L ===
*Isn’t it possible that a generous, far-reaching welfare state depletes people’s sense of drive, purpose, and self-respect, and enables them to explore chemical forms of happiness?
**[[Jim Geraghty]], [https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/03/ten-reasons-we-cant-and-shouldnt-be-nordic/ "Ten Reasons We Can’t, and Shouldn’t, Be Nordic"] (12 March 2018), ''National Review''

* Doing for people what they can and ought to do for themselves is a dangerous experiment. In the last analysis the welfare of the workers depends upon their own initiative. Whatever is done under the guise of philanthropy or social morality which in any way lessens initiative is the greatest crime that can be committed against the toilers. Let social busy-bodies and professional "public morals experts" in their fads reflect upon the perils they rashly invite under this pretense of social welfare.
** [[Samuel Gompers]], "The Shorter Workday—Its Philosophy," Eight Hours, p. 36–37 (191?).

* The welfare of a nation can scarcely be inferred from a measurement of national income.
** [[Simon Kuznets]] in report to the Congress, 1934; Cited in: Gernot Kohler, ‎Emilio José Chaves (2003) ''Globalization: Critical Perspectives.'' p. 336.

*Let not him who is houseless pull down the house of another; but let him labor diligently and build one for himself, thus by example assuring that his own shall be safe from violence when built.
** [[Abraham Lincoln]], reply to New York Workingmen's Democratic Republican Association (March 21, 1864), Roy P. Basler, ed., ''The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln'' (1953), vol. 7, p. 259–60.

=== M - R ===

* Financial markets are the machines in which much of human welfare is decided; yet we know more about how our car engines work than about how our global financial system functions. We lurch from crisis to crisis. In a networked world, mayhem in one market spreads instantaneously to all others—and we have only the vaguest of notions how this happens, or how to regulate it.
** [[Benoît Mandelbrot]], ''The (Mis)Behavior of Markets'' (2004, 2008) Ch. 13, p. 254–255.

* These examples confuse effort with result, one of the most common mistakes of this kind is designing systems around the wrong goal. Maybe the worst mistake this kind has been the adoption of the GNP as the measure of national economic success. [...] If you define the goal of a society as GNP, that society will do its best to produce GNP. It will not produce welfare, equity, justice, or efficiency unless you define a goal and regularly measure and report the state of welfare, equity, justice, or efficiency.
** [[Donella Meadows]], ''[[Donella Meadows#Thinking in Systems: A Primer (2008)|Thinking in Systems: A Primer]]'', Chelsea Green Publishing, 2008, page 139-140 (ISBN 9781603580557).

* The "general welfare" is not the sphere of truth; for truth demands to be declared even if it is ugly and unethical.
** [[Friedrich Nietzsche]], "On Ethics".

* A nation's wealth is too serious a matter to be left to the wealthy. The riches of a nation belong to all, to be shared among all for the general welfare.
** [[Pierre Stephen Robert Payne]], ''The Corrupt Society - From Ancient Greece To Present-Day America'', A Vision of the Uncorrupted Society, p. 284 (1975).

* Welfare's purpose should be to eliminate, as far as possible, the need for its own existence.
** [[Ronald Reagan]], Interview, ''Los Angeles Times'' (7 January 1970).

* We have here a human as well as an economic problem. When humane considerations are concerned, Americans give them precedence. The lessons of history, confirmed by the evidence immediately before me, show conclusively that continued dependence upon relief induces a spiritual and moral disintegration fundamentally destructive to the national fibre. To dole out relief in this way is to administer a narcotic, a subtle destroyer of the human spirit.
** [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], annual message to the Congress, January 4, 1935.—The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1935, p. 19 (1938).

* It cannot be too often repeated that in this country, in the long run, we all of us tend to go up or go down together. If the average of well-being is high, it means that the average [[wage]]-worker, the average farmer, and the average business man are all alike well-off. If the average shrinks, there is not one of these classes which will not feel the shrinkage. Of course, there are always some men who are not affected by good times, just as there are some men who are not affected by bad times. But speaking broadly, it is true that if prosperity comes, all of us tend to share more or less therein, and that if adversity comes each of us, to a greater or less extent, feels the tension.
** [[Theodore Roosevelt]], ''A Square Deal'', [http://www.memorablequotations.com/SquareDeal.htm Speech to farmers at the New York State Agricultural Association, Syracuse, New York (7 September 1903)].

* '''The welfare of each of us is dependent fundamentally upon the welfare of all of us, and therefore in public life that man is the best representative of each of us who seeks to do good to each by doing good to all'''; '''in other words, whose endeavor it is not to represent any special class and promote merely that class's selfish interests, but to represent all true and honest men of all sections and all classes''' and to work for their interests by working for our common country. We can keep our government on a sane and healthy basis, we can make and keep our social system what it should be, only on condition of judging each man, not as a member of a class, but on his worth as a man. It is an infamous thing in our American life, and fundamentally treacherous to our institutions, to apply to any man any test save that of his personal worth, or to draw between two sets of men any distinction save the distinction of conduct, the distinction that marks off those who do well and wisely from those who do ill and foolishly. There are good citizens and bad citizens in every class as in every locality, and the attitude of decent people toward great public and social questions should be determined, not by the accidental questions of employment or locality, but by those deep-set principles which represent the innermost souls of men.
** [[Theodore Roosevelt]], ''A Square Deal'', [http://www.memorablequotations.com/SquareDeal.htm Speech to farmers at the New York State Agricultural Association, Syracuse, New York (7 September 1903)].

* It is not enough to be well-meaning and kindly, but weak; neither is it enough to be strong, unless morality and decency go hand in hand with strength. '''We must possess the qualities which make us do our duty in our homes and among our neighbors, and in addition we must possess''' the qualities which are indispensable to the make-up of every great and masterful nation -- '''the qualities of courage and hardihood''', of individual initiative and yet of power to combine for a common end, '''and above all, the resolute determination to permit no man and no set of men to sunder us one from the other by lines of caste or creed or section.''' We must act upon the motto of all for each and each for all. There must be ever present in our minds the fundamental truth that in a republic such as ours the only safety is to stand neither for nor against any man because he is rich or because he is poor, because he is engaged in one occupation or another, because he works with his brains or because he works with his hands. '''We must treat each man on his worth and merits as a man. We must see that each is given a square deal, because he is entitled to no more and should receive no less.'''
** [[Theodore Roosevelt]], ''A Square Deal'', [http://www.memorablequotations.com/SquareDeal.htm Speech to farmers at the New York State Agricultural Association, Syracuse, New York (7 September 1903)]

=== S - Z ===
* The only justifiable stopping place for for the expansion of altruism is the point at which all whose welfare can be affected by our actions are included within the circle of altruism. This means that all beings with the capacity to feel pleasure or pain should be included; we can improve their welfare by increasing their pleasures and diminishing their pains.
** [[Peter Singer]], ''The Expanding Circle - Ethics, Evolution, and Moral Progress'', Chapter 4, Reason, p. 120 (1981).

* What the welfare system and other kinds of governmental programs are doing is paying people to fail. In so far as they fail, they receive the money; in so far as they succeed, even to a moderate extent, the money is taken away.
**[[Thomas Sowell]], during a discussion in Milton Friedman's "Free to Choose" television series in 1980.

* We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, '''promote the general welfare''', and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
** [[United States Constitution]], [[w:Preamble to the United States Constitution|Preamble]].

==See also==
* [[Assistance]]
* [[Charity]]
* [[Help]]
* [[Humanitarianism]]
* [[Labor movement]]
* [[Social inequality]]
* [[Social justice]]
* [[Social programs in the United States]]
* [[Volunteering]]
* [[Welfare state]]

== External links ==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wiktionary|welfare}}
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikiversity|Social welfare}}

[[Category:Welfare| ]]

History

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[[File:History-Dielman-Highsmith.jpeg|thumb|History repeats itself. ~ Anonymous]]
[[File:Jacob_de_Wit_-_Allegorie_op_het_schrijven_van_de_geschiedenis_1754.jpg|thumb|Lives of great men all remind us We can make our lives sublime, And departing, leave behind us Footprints on the sands of [[time]]; ~ [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]]]]
'''[[w:History|History]]''' (from [[w:Ancient Greek|Greek]], ''historia'', meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation") is the study of the past, particularly how it relates to humans. It is an [[w:umbrella term|umbrella term]] that relates to past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of information about these events. Scholars who write about history are called [[historian]]s. Events occurring prior to written record are considered [[prehistory]].
__NOTOC__
{{TOCalpha|extsource=yes|hoyt=yes|[[#Misattributed|Misattributed]]}}
== A ==
* The [[sciences]] we are familiar with have been installed in a number of great 'continents'. Before [[Karl Marx|Marx]], two such continents had been opened up to scientific knowledge: the continent of Mathematics and the continent of Physics. The first by the Greeks ([[Thales]]), the second by [[Galileo]]. [[Karl Marx|Marx]] opened up a third continent to scientific knowledge: the continent of History.
** [[Louis Althusser]], "Philosophy as a Revolutionary Weapon" in ''{{w|Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays}}'' (1968) as translated by Ben Brewster (Monthly Review Press: 1971), p. 4

* I was not speaking of minor ripples in the mainstream of history—certainly those are ruled by chance. But the broad current moves quite inexorably, I assure you.
** [[Poul Anderson]], ''Cold Victory,'' in [[w:George H. Scithers|George H. Scithers]] & [[w:Darrell Schweitzer|Darrell Schweitzer]] (eds.) ''Another Round at the Spaceport Bar,'' p. 181. Originally appeared in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venture_Science_Fiction Venture Science Fiction], May 1957

* '''History repeats itself.'''
** [[Anonymous]] proverb; popularized since the mid-1800s; already considered clichéd by 1865. "The most solemn humbug which does duty as a profound historical reflection is, that history repeats itself." Harper's, volume 30, [http://books.google.com/books?id=tX8CAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA124&dq=%22history+repeats+itself%22 p. 124], 1865
** Widely attributed to various famous authors, who expressed similar sentiments – see [[#Marx|Marx]] and [[#Hegel|Hegel]] quotes below.
** An early attested form is "history repeats itself never" (reversing it), 1854, [[William Howitt]] ''The history of magic, Volume 2,'' by Joseph Ennemoser, translation William Howitt, 1854, [http://books.google.com/books?id=zgXuzN2ZRtoC&pg=PA86#v=onepage&q=history%20repeats%20itself p. 86]

* History is about the past. Yet it exists only in the present – the moment of its creation as history provides us with a narrative constructed after the events with which it is concerned. The narrative must then relate to the moment of its creation as much as its historical subject. History presents an historian with the task of producing a dialogue between the past and the present. But as these temporal co-ordinates cannot be fixed, history becomes a continuous interaction between the historian and the past. As such, history can be seen as a process of evaluation whereby the past is always coloured by the intellectual fashions and philosophical concerns of the present. This shifting perspective on the past is matched by the fluid status of the past itself.
** [[Dana Arnold]], ''Reading Architectural History'' (2002), Ch. 1 : Reading the past : What is architectural history?

* The recognition of the role and importance of subjectivity in the construction of histories does, by implication, negate the possibility for objectivity in the writing of history. But there will always be historical narrative and, consequently, a narrative voice, be it hidden in the syntactical structure of the writing by, for instance, the absence of first person or the use of simple past tense. But this is a sleight of hand which gives the reader a sense of immediate contact with the past without the presence of an interlocutor. This apparently ‘unmediated’ contact gives history a kind of privileged status of objective knowledge
** [[Dana Arnold]] ''Reading Architectural History'' (2002), Ch. 1 : Reading the past : What is architectural history?

* Historical reality is then a 'referential illusion', in which we try to grasp the reality (the referent of language) that we believe lies beyond the barrier of the linguistic construction of its narratives. In this way history becomes a Myth or an ideology as it purports to be reality. Indeed, storytelling is often seen as one of the most important functions of writing histories and fundamental to the nature of the discipline.
** [[Dana Arnold]], ''Reading Architectural History'' (2002), Ch. 1 : Reading the past : What is architectural history?

* Man is a history-making creature who can neither repeat his past nor leave it behind.
** [[W. H. Auden]], ''The Dyers Hand'', "D.H. Lawrence" (1962)

* Political history is far too criminal and pathological to be a fit subject of study for the young. Children should acquire their heroes and villains from fiction.
** [[W. H. Auden]], ''A Certain World'' (1970)

* All things from eternity are of like forms and come round in a circle.
** [[Marcus Aurelius]], ''Meditations'', Bk. II, Ch. 14 (c. 121–180 AD)

==B==
*History is of two kinds—there is the official history taught in schools, a lying compilation ''ad usum delphini''; and there is the secret history which deals with the real causes of events—a scandalous chronicle.
** [[Honoré de Balzac]], in [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/1639/1639-h/1639-h.htm ''Eve and David (Lost Illusions Part III)''], Translated by Ellen Marriage.

* The end of history is, alas, also the end of the dustbins of history. There are no longer any dustbins for disposing of old ideologies, old regimes, old values. Where are we going to throw Marxism, which actually invented the dustbins of history? (Yet there is some justice here since the very people who invented them have fallen in.) Conclusion: if there are no more dustbins of history, ''this is because History itself has become a dustbin.'' It has become its own dustbin, just as the planet itself is becoming its own dustbin.
** [[Jean Baudrillard]], ''The Illusion of the End'' (1992), "The Event Strike", p. 26.

* Take one of [[Voltaire]]'s swift shining shafts of wit: "History is after all only a pack of tricks we play on the dead." Ah, yes, how true it is, we say; and we are astonished that Voltaire could have been so profound. Then we realize that he did not really mean it. To him it was a witticism intended to brand dishonest historians, whereas we perceive that it formulated, in the neatest possible way, a profound truth — the truth that all historical writing, even the most honest, is unconsciously subjective, since every age is bound, in spite of itself, to make the dead perform whatever tricks it finds necessary for its own peace of mind.
** [[Carl L. Becker]], ''The Heavenly City of the Eighteenth-Century Philosophers'' (1932), Ch. II. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1971, pp. 43–4.

* '''Mrs. Lintott''': Now. How do you define history, Mr. Rudge? '''Rudge''': Can I speak freely, Miss? Without being hit? '''Mrs. Lintott''': I will protect you. '''Rudge''': How do I define history? It's just one fucking thing after another.
** [[Alan Bennett]], ''[[The History Boys]]'' (2006)

* History must not be written with bias, and both sides must be given, even if there is only one side.
** [[John Betjeman]], ''First and Last Loves'' (1952)

*HISTORY, n. An account mostly false, of events mostly unimportant, which are brought about by rulers mostly knaves, and soldiers mostly fools.
** [[Ambrose Bierce]], ''The Cynic's Dictionary'' (1906); republished as ''The Devil's Dictionary'' (1911).

* With all regimes, there is what might be called an official interpretation of the past that makes it appear defective or just a step on the way to the present regime.
** [[Allan Bloom]], ''[[The Closing of the American Mind]]'' (New York: 1988), p. 249

* I have read somewhere or other, in Dionysius of Halicarnassus, I think, that '''history is philosophy teaching by examples.'''
** [[Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke]], ''On the Study and Use of History'', Letter 2. Also quoted by [[Thomas Carlyle]], ''Essays'', ''History''.

* The dignity of history.
** [[Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke]], ''On the Study and Use of History''. Letter V. Fielding, ''Tom Jones'', Book XI, Chapter II.

* Always the victor writes the history of the vanquished. He who beats distorts the faces of the beaten. The weaker depart from this world and the lies remain.
** [[Bertolt Brecht]], ''{{w|The Trial of Lucullus}}'' (1940), ''Brecht Collected Plays'', vol. 4, p. 386.

* Papa [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]] he say that all we learn from history is that we learn nothing from history. ''I'' know people who can't even learn from what happened this morning. Hegel must have been taking the long view.
** [[John Brunner]], ''Stand on Zanzibar'' (1968)
** See [[#Hegel|Hegel quote]], below.

* History gives us a kind of chart, and we dare not surrender even a small rushlight in the darkness. The hasty reformer who does not remember the past will find himself condemned to repeat it.
** [[John Buchan]], general introduction to ''The Nations of Today'', a series of popular histories published in 1923–1924 under Buchan's editorship. Each work contained Buchan's introduction. Reported in ''Great Britain'' (1923), vol. 1, p. 12.

* History is on every occasion the record of what one age finds worthy of note in another.
**[[w:Jacob Burckhardt|Jacob Burckhardt]], ''Judgements on History and Historians'' (1929), Section 84: Introduction to the History of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries.

* What want these outlaws conquerors should have But History's purchased page to call them great?
** [[Lord Byron]], ''[[Childe Harold's Pilgrimage]]'', Canto III (1816), Stanza 48.

* And history with all her volumes vast, Hath but one page.
** [[Lord Byron]], ''[[Childe Harold's Pilgrimage]]'', Canto IV (1818), Stanza 108.

==C==

*History does not always repeat itself. Sometimes it just yells, 'Can't you remember anything I told you?' and lets fly with a club.
**[[John W. Campbell]], ''Analog Science Fiction/Fact magazine''(1965)

* History, a distillation of rumor.
** [[Thomas Carlyle]], ''The French Revolution, A History'' (1837), Part I, Book VII, Chapter V.

* Happy the people whose annals are tiresome.
** Thomas Carlyle, ''The French Revolution, A History'' (1837), Part I, Book II, Chapter I.

* No great man lives in vain. The history of the world is but the biography of great men.
** [[Thomas Carlyle]], ''[[w:On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and The Heroic in History|Heroes and Hero Worship]]'', "The Hero as Divinity"

* Histories are as perfect as the Historian is wise, and is gifted with an eye and a soul.
** [[Thomas Carlyle]], ''Cromwell's Letters and Speeches'', Introduction, Chapter I.

* History is the essence of innumerable Biographies.
** [[Thomas Carlyle]], ''Essays'', On History.

* History, as it lies at the root of all science, is also the first distinct product of man's spiritual nature; his earliest expression of what can be called Thought.
** [[Thomas Carlyle]], ''Essays'', On History.

* All history … is an inarticulate Bible.
** [[Thomas Carlyle]], Latter Day Pamphlets. 405.

* All history is a Bible—a thing stated in words by me more than once.
** [[Thomas Carlyle]], ''Quoted in Froude's Early Life of Carlyle''.

* Happy the People whose Annals are blank in History-Books.
** [[Thomas Carlyle]], Life of Frederick the Great, Book XVI, Chapter I.

* The history of every country begins in the heart of a man or woman.
** [[Willa Cather]], ''{{W|O Pioneers!}}'', Pt. I, Ch. 5 (1913)

* '''"Woe to the vanquished" ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vae_victis Vae victis]) in history as on the battle-field.'''
** Emanuele Celesia, ''The Conspiracy of Gianluigi Fieschi: or, Genoa in the Sixteenth Century.'' (1866), [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dHsKAAAAIAAJ&dq=%22Woe%20to%20the%20vanquished%20in%20history%20as%20on%20the%20battle-field.%22&pg=PR24#v=onepage&q=%22Woe%20to%20the%20vanquished%20in%20history%20as%20on%20the%20battle-field.%22&f=false p.xxiv]

* Want of foresight, unwillingness to act when action would be simple and effective, lack of clear thinking, confusion of counsel until the emergency comes, until self-preservation strikes its jarring gong—these are the features which constitute the endless repetition of history.
** [[Winston Churchill]], speech, House of Commons (May 2, 1935); in Robert Rhodes James, ed., ''Winston S. Churchill: His Complete Speeches, 1897–1963'' (1974), vol. 6, p. 5592. Quoted by Senator John Tower in an address delivered before the American Defense Preparedness Association (April 14, 1983); ''Congressional Record'' (April 20, 1983), vol. 129, p. S4989 (daily edition).

* ''Nescire autem quid ante quam natus sis acciderit, id est semper esse puerum.''
** '''Not to know what happened before you were born is to remain forever a child.'''
*** [[Cicero]], ''M. Tulli Ciceronis Orator Ad M. Brutum'' (46 B.C.).

* Isn't history ultimately the result of our fear of boredom?
** [[Emil Cioran]], ''Histoire et utopie'' ("History and Utopia") (1960)

* I turn to the past to learn its story without any preconceived opinion what that story may be. I do not assume that one period or one line of study is more instructive than another, but I am ready to recognise the real identity of man's aspiration at all times. Some episodes in history are regarded as profoundly modern; others are dismissed contemptuously as concerned with trifles. In some ages there are great heroes, in others the actors are sunk in indolence and sloth. For my own part I do not recognise this great distinction.
** [[Mandell Creighton]], ''The teaching of ecclesiastical history'', Inaugural lecture, [[w:Dixie Professor of Ecclesiastical History|Dixie Chair of Ecclesiastical History]], [[w:University of Cambridge|University of Cambridge]] (23 January 1885).

* Every decade or so, the world is tested by a crisis so grave that it breaks the mould: one so horrific and inhumane that the response of politicians to it becomes emblematic of their generation —their moral leadership or cowardice, their resolution or incompetence. It is how history judges us.
** [[Jo Cox]], ''[http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/opinion/jo-cox-don-t-leave-syria-to-become-a-graveyard-this-generation-s-responsibility-to-the-world-1-7512876 Don’t leave Syria to become a graveyard — this generation’s responsibility to the world]'' (13 October 2015)

*'''Those who cannot forget the past, are doomed to repeat it.'''
** [[CrimethInc.]], ''Days of War, Nights of Love'' (2001)

* When we say, “That’s history,” it’s a pejorative. Well, the rest of the world takes history pretty seriously.
** Ryan Crocker, [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/the-frontline-interview-ryan-crocker/"The FRONTLINE Interview: Ryan Crocker"], ''Frontline'', ''PBS'', (February 20, 2018)

* While we read history we make history... Every great crisis of human history is a pass of [[w:Battle of Thermopylae|Thermopylae]], and there is always a [[w:Leonidas I|Leonidas]] and his three hundred to die in it, if they can not conquer.
** [[George William Curtis]], ''The Call of Freedom''

==D==
[[File:Inundation of the Nile (4904849744).jpg|thumb|right|History has been too often a picture of the bloody stream. The history of civilization is a record of what happened on the banks. ~ [[Will Durant]]]]
* It is easy to argue persuasively the truism that the lessons of history are best derived from what actually happened, rather than from what nearly happened. It should be added, however, that what happened becomes more fully comprehensible in the light of the contending forces that existed at moments of decision. Understanding of the total historical setting is bound to contribute to a clearer view of the actual course of affairs.
** [[:w:de:Harold C. Deutsch|Harold C. Deutsch]], introduction to ''What If? Strategic Alternatives of WWII''.

* [[w:Assassination|Assassination]] has never changed the history of the world.
** [[Benjamin Disraeli]], Addressing the House of Commons after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln (1 May 1865).

* The difference of development, North and South, is explained as a sort of working out of cosmic social and economic law. ... In this sweeping mechanistic interpretation, there is no room for the real plot of the story, for the clear mistake and guilt of building a new slavery of the working class in the midst of a fateful experiment in democracy.
** [[W. E. B. Du Bois]], ''Black Reconstruction in America, 1860-1880'' (1935), pp. 714-715

* '''Perhaps the cause of our contemporary pessimism is our tendency to view history as a turbulent stream of conflicts — between individuals in economic life, between groups in politics, between creeds in religion, between states in war.''' This is the more dramatic side of history; it captures the eye of the historian and the interest of the reader. But if we turn from that Mississippi of strife, hot with hate and dark with blood, to look upon the banks of the stream, we find quieter but more inspiring scenes: women rearing children, men building homes, peasants drawing food from the soil, artisans making the conveniences of life, statesmen sometimes organizing peace instead of war, teachers forming savages into citizens, musicians taming our hearts with harmony and rhythm, scientists patiently accumulating knowledge, philosophers groping for truth, saints suggesting the wisdom of love. '''History has been too often a picture of the bloody stream. The history of civilization is a record of what happened on the banks.'''
** [[Will Durant]], as quoted in "The Gentle Philosopher" (2006) by John Little at Will Durant Foundation.

* LOVE one another ... my final lesson of history, ... is the same as that of Jesus. . . . just try it. Love is the most practical thing in the world.
** [[Will Durant]], cited in ''Love—The “Surpassing Way”'', ''[[w:The Watchtower|The Watchtower]]'' magazine, 4/15, 1980. Note: A 92-year-old historian summed up his long study of human events by giving that short piece of advice. When asked, at the age of 92, if he could summarize the lessons of history into a single sentence. As quoted in "Durants on History from the Ages, with Love," by Pam Proctor, ''Parade'' (6 August 1978) p. 12. Durant is quoting The Gospel of John from Gospel of John 13:34, here, and might also be quoting Jiddu Krishnamurti: "Love is the most practical thing in the world. To love, to be kind, not to be greedy, not to be ambitious, not to be influenced by people but to think for yourself — these are all very practical things, and they will bring about a practical, happy society."

* [[War]] is one of the constants of history ... and has not diminished with [[civilization]] or [[democracy]].
** Wrote historians Will and Ariel Durant, cited in ''[[w:The Watchtower|The Watchtower]]'' 2004, 4/1, ''[http://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2004241?q=durant&p=par Identifying the Wild Beast and Its Mark]''.

* History is [[philosophy]] [[teaching]] by [[examples]].
** [[w:Dionysius of Halicarnassus|Dionysius of Halicarnassus]], ''Ars rhetorica (The Art of Rhetoric)'', XI:2

* The contact with manners then is education; and this Thucydides appears to assert when he says history is philosophy learned from examples.
** Dionysius of Halicarnassus, ''Ars Rhetorica'', XI. 2, p. 212. (Tauchnitz Ed.) See Thucydides, ''Works'', I. 22.

* ''Que voulez-vous de plus? Il a inventé l'histoire.''
** What more would you have? He has invented history.
** Madame Du Deffand of Voltaire, who was accused by critics of lack of invention. See Fourier, ''L'Esprit dans Histoire'', p. 141.

* History is an endless repetition of the wrong way of living.
** [[Lawrence Durrell]], ''The Listener'' (1978)

==E==
* History teaches us that [[men]] and [[nations]] behave [[wisely]] once they have exhausted all other alternatives.
** [[Abba Eban]], Speech in London (16 December 1970); as quoted in The Times [London] (17 December 1970) and in Great Jewish Quotations (1996) by Alfred J. Kolatch, p. 115.

* [[Psychology]] has a long [[past]], but only a short history.
** [[Herman Ebbinghaus]], cited in: [[Edwin Boring]] (1929) ''A History of Experimental Psychology'' p. ix.

* '''History does not long entrust the care of [[freedom]] to the [[weak]] or the timid. We must acquire proficiency in defense and display stamina in [[purpose]]. We must be willing, individually and as a [[Nation]], to accept whatever [[sacrifices]] may be required of us. A people that values its [[privileges]] above its [[principles]] soon loses both.'''
** [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]], in his First Inaugural address (20 January 1953)

* We, as we [[read]], must become [[Greeks]], [[Romans]], [[Turks]], [[priest]] and [[king]], [[martyr]] and [[w:Executioner|executioner]], must fasten these [[images]] to some [[reality]] in our [[secret]] [[experience]], or we shall [[see]] [[nothing]], [[learn]] nothing, keep nothing.
** [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]], “History”

* When a [[thought]] of [[Plato]] becomes a thought to me, when a truth that fired the soul of [[Gospel of John|St. John]], fires mine, [[time]] is no more.
** [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]], “History”

* There is properly no history, only biography.
** [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]], ''Essays'', History.

==F==
[[File:The Historians' History of the World - Title Page.jpg|thumb|right|Good history is a good foundation for a better present and future. ~ [[w:John Hope Franklin|John Hope Franklin]]]]
* ''Le bon historien n'est d'aucun temps ni d'aucun pays: quoiqu'il aime sa patrie, il ne la flatte jamais en rien.''

* History, however, is not a linear narrative of progress. Rights may be won and taken away; gains are never complete or uncontested, and popular movements generate their own countervailing pressures.
** [[Eric Foner]], [http://ericfoner.com/articles/121002nation.html "The Century: A Nation's-Eye View"] (10 December 2002), ''The Nation''

* I don't know much about history, and I wouldn't give a nickel for all the history in the [[world]]. It means [[nothing]] to me. '''History is more or less bunk.''' It's [[tradition]]. We don't want tradition. We want to live in the [[present]] and the only history that is worth a tinker's damn is the history we make [[today]].
** [[Henry Ford]], interview in ''Chicago Tribune'' (25 May 1916).

* [[Today]] is [[Yesterday]]'s Pupil.
** [[Benjamin Franklin]], ''[[Poor Richard's Almanack]]'' (1751).

* "[T]his historian who seeks to mine the various quarries of the past in the belief that '''good history is a good foundation for a better present and future.'''”
** {{w|John Hope Franklin}}, Preface to ''Race and History: Selected Essays 1938-1988,'' Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, c1989. As quoted by [http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/John_Hope_Franklin.aspx encyclopedia.com (2005): Franklin, John Hope 1915– by Thomson Gale].

==G==
[[File:Ogrod Saski Historia.jpg|thumb|right|History does not belong to us, we belong to it. ~ [[Hans-Georg Gadamer]]]]
* '''History does not belong to us, we belong to it.'''
** [[Hans-Georg Gadamer]], ''Truth and Method'', p. 276.

* There are moments in history when brooding tragedy and its dark shadows can be lightened by recalling great moments of the past.
** [[Indira Gandhi]], Letter to Richard Nixon (December 15, 1971) [http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mag/2005/07/03/stories/2005070300090100.htm].

* History never looks like history when you are living through it. It always looks confusing and messy, and it always feels uncomfortable.
** [[John W. Gardner]], ''No Easy Victories'' (1968)

* The reign of Antoninus is marked by the rare advantage of furnishing very few materials for history, which is indeed little more than the register of the crimes, follies, and misfortunes of mankind.
** [[Edward Gibbon]], ''[[The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire]]'', Ch. III (1776), [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/gibbon/decline/files/volume1/chap3.htm Vol. 1, Ch. 3 "Of the Constitution of the Roman Empire, in the Age of the Antonines"]
** This has often been paraphrased: '''History is indeed little more than the register of crimes, follies, and misfortunes of mankind.'''

* '''History teaches, but it has no pupils.'''
** [[Antonio Gramsci]], Letter from Prison (21 June 1919), translated by Hamish Henderson, {{w|Edinburgh University Student Publications}}.

* History is at once [[freedom]] and [[necessity]].
** [[Antonio Gramsci]], ''Selections from the Prison Notebooks'' (1971).

* [[Revolutionaries]] see history as a creation of their own [[spirit]].
** [[Antonio Gramsci]], ''Selections from the Prison Notebooks'' (1971).

* And read their history in a [[nation]]'s [[eyes]].
** [[Thomas Gray]], ''Elegy in a Country Churchyard'', Stanza 16.

*The great Russian dissident Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn said that the first step a tyrant takes toward enslaving a people is to steal their history, for in that case, no one has anything from the past with which to compare the present, and any horror can be normalized. ... It was once said, as a commercial joke, that it’s not nice to fool Mother Nature. The same is true in this case, but not as a joke: It’s not nice to fool with history.
**[[Allen C. Guelzo]], [https://www.nationalreview.com/2020/05/new-york-times-1619-project-narrative-of-despair/ "1619 and the Narrative of Despair"] (11 May 2020), ''National Review''

==H==
* {{anchor|Hegel}} What experience and history teach is this — that nations and governments have never learned anything from history, or acted upon any lessons they might have drawn from it.
** [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel]], ''Lectures on the Philosophy of History'' (1832), Introduction, [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel#Volume 1|Volume 1]].

* '''A generation which ignores history has no past — and no future.'''
** [[Robert A. Heinlein]], ''[[w:Time Enough For Love|Time Enough for Love]]'' (1973).

* It is not the neutrals or the lukewarm who make history.
** [[Adolf Hitler]], Speech in Berlin (23 April 1933)

* In the end, [[young]] people are at risk of being [[w:Inheritance|disinherited]] from their [[community]] if that community lacks the [[courage]] and [[confidence]] to teach its history.
** [[John Howard]] Australia Day Address, (January 25, 2006)

* Most historical facts are unpleasant.
** [[Aldous Huxley]], ''[[Brave New World]]'', (1932), [http://www.huxley.net/bnw/one.html ch.2]

==I==
* What we know of the past is mostly not worth knowing. What is worth knowing is mostly uncertain. Events in the past may roughly be divided into those which probably never happened and those which do not matter.
** [[Dean Inge]], ''Assessments and Anticipations'', "Prognostications" (1929)

* History does not relate any true revolution which came from power. All began with education and meant in essence a moral summons.
** [[Alija Izetbegović]], ''[[w:The Islamic Declaration|The Islamic Declaration]]'' (1970), p. 53.

==J==
* Today's banalities apparently gain in profundity if one states that the wisdom of the past, for all its virtues, belongs to the past. The arrogance of those who come later preens itself with the notion that the past is dead and gone. … The modern mind can no longer think thought, only can locate it in time and space. The activity of thinking decays to the passivity of classifying.
** [[Russell Jacoby]], ''Social Amnesia'' (1975), p. 1.

* It takes a great deal of history to produce a little [[literature]].
** [[Henry James]], ''Life of Nathaniel Hawthorne'', Ch. I: The Early Years (1879).

* '''I like the [[dreams]] of the [[future]] better than the history of the [[past]], — so [[good]] [[night]]!'''
** [[Thomas Jefferson]], Letter to [[John Adams]] (1 August 1816).

* "History," Stephen said, "is a nightmare from which I am trying to awake."
** [[James Joyce]], ''[[Ulysses (novel)|Ulysses]]'', Ch. 2: Nestor (1922)

==K==
[[File:Kierkegaard.jpg|thumb|right|It goes against the grain for me to do what so often happens, to speak inhumanly about the great as if a few millennia were an immense distance. I prefer to speak humanly about it, as if it happened yesterday, and let only the greatness itself be the distance. ~ [[Søren Kierkegaard]]]]
* It goes against the grain for me to do what so often happens, to speak inhumanly about the great as if a few millennia were an immense distance. I prefer to speak humanly about it, as if it happened yesterday, and let only the greatness itself be the distance.
** [[Søren Kierkegaard]], ''Fear and Trembling'' (1843), S. Walsh, trans. (2006), p. 28.

* Every civilization that has ever existed has ultimately collapsed ... History is a tale of efforts that failed, of aspirations that weren’t realized . . . So, as a historian, one has to live with a sense of the inevitability of tragedy.
** [[Henry Kissinger]], Cited in ''[[w:The Watchtower|The Watchtower]]'' 2004, 4/1, ''[http://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2004241?q=durant&p=par Identifying the Wild Beast and Its Mark]''.

* [[Purpose]] has no place in [[biology]], but history has no meaning without it.
** [[George Kubler]], ''{{w|The Shape of Time}},'' 1982, p. 8

* "...[[Jesus]] told us this a long time ago, and I can still hear that voice crying through the vista of time, saying, "''Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, pray for them that despitefully use you.''" And there is still a voice saying to every potential Peter, "''Put up your sword''." History is replete with the bleached bones of nations, history is cluttered with the wreckage of communities that failed to follow this command."
** [[Martin Luther King Jr.]]. From the [http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/documentsentry/doc_speech_at_the_great_march_on_detroit/ Speech delivered at the Great March on Detroit], 23 June 1963. King was alluding to the words of Christ in the [[w:Sermon on the Mount|Sermon on the Mount]] (Matthew 5:44) and during His arrest (on Matthew 26:52)

* The history books, which had almost completely ignored the contribution of the Negro in American history, only served to intensify the Negroes' sense of worthlessness and to augment the anachronistic doctrine of white supremacy. All too many Negroes and whites are unaware of the fact that the first American to shed blood in the revolution which freed this country from British oppression was a black seaman named Crispus Attucks. Negroes and whites are almost totally oblivious of the fact that it was a Negro physician, Dr. Daniel Hale Williams, who performed the first successful operation on the heart in America. Another Negro physician, Dr. Charles Drew, was largely responsible for developing the method of separating blood plasma and storing it on a large scale, a process that saved thousands of lives in World War II and has made possible many of the important advances in postwar medicine. History books have virtually overlooked the many Negro scientists and inventors who have enriched American life. Although a few refer to George Washington Carver, whose research in agricultural products helped to revive the economy of the South when the throne of King Cotton began to totter, they ignore the contribution of Norbert Rillieuz, whose invention of an evaporating pan revolutionized the process of sugar refining. How many people know that multimillion-dollar United Shoe Machinery Company developed from the shoe-lasting machine invented in the last century by a Negro from Dutch Guiana, Jan Matzelinger; or that Granville T. Woods, an expert in electric motors, whose many patents speeded the growth and improvement of the railroads at the beginning of this century, was a Negro?Even the Negroes' contribution to the music of America is sometimes overlooked in astonishing ways. In 1965 my oldest son and daughter entered an integrated school in Atlanta. A few months later my wife and I were invited to attend a program entitled "Music that has made America great." As the evening unfolded, we listened to the folk songs and melodies of the various immigrant groups. We were certain that the program would end with the most original of all American music, the Negro spiritual. But we were mistaken. Instead, all the students, including our children, ended the program by singing "Dixie".
** [[Martin Luther King Jr.]], as quoted in Carson, Clayborne. 2001. ''The Autobiography of Martin Luther King, Jr.'', Grand Central Publishing. Cap: Black Power.

* Time in its irresistible and ceaseless flow carries along on its flood all created things, and drowns them in the depths of obscurity, no matter if they be quite unworthy of mention, or most noteworthy and important, and thus, as the tragedian says, "he brings from the darkness all things to the birth, and all things born envelops in the night." '''But''' '''the tale of history forms a very strong bulwark against the stream of time, and to some extent checks its irresistible flow, and, of all things done in it, as many as history has taken over, it secures and binds together, and does not allow them to slip away into the abyss of oblivion.'''
** [[w:Anna Komnene|Anna Komnene]], ''[[wikisource:The_Alexiad/Preface|The Alexiad]]'' (c. 1148)

==L==
[[File:Historybooks.JPG|thumb|I started to think why [[people]] feel [[comfortable]] [[disrespecting]] [[w:Latinx people|us]] in a way that’s just not [[normal]] or [[natural]]. And I started to think that it's because our contributions aren't in history [[textbooks]]. ~ [[John Leguizamo]]]]
[[File:Frozen_river_in_Alaska.jpg|thumb|What is the use trying to describe the flowing of a [[river]] at any one [[moment]], and then at the next moment, and then at the next, and the next, and the next? You wear out. You say: There is a great river, and it flows through this [[land]], and we have named it History. ~ [[Ursula K. Le Guin]]]]
[[File:Ban_Zhao.jpg|thumb|[[w:Time travel|Time travel]] [[w:Drama|dramas]] are becoming a hot theme for [[television]] and [[films]]. But the content and exaggerated performance style are questionable. Many [[stories]] are totally made up and are made to strain for an effect of novelty. [[w:Producer|Producers]] and [[writers]] are treating [[serious]] history in a frivolous way, which should by no means be encouraged anymore. ~ Li Jingsheng]]
* We hope, plan, execute; will it be vain? Or will the future be the past again?
** [[Letitia Elizabeth Landon]], ''Romance and Reality'' (1831), Vol I., Chapter 15.

* History hath but few pages—soon is told Man’s ordinary life, Labour, and care, and strife, Make up the constant chronicle of old.
** [[Letitia Elizabeth Landon]], ''Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1835'' (1834), 'Hindoo and Mahommedan Buildings'.

* History is nothing whatever but a record of what living persons have done in the past.
** [[Rose Wilder Lane]], ''Give Me Liberty'' (1936).

* There was a little bit of improvement in my [[son]]’s [[education]], but [[w:Latin American|Latin American]] and [[African American|black]] contributions—and I don’t mean to lump us together—were nonexistent in my [[w:Public school|public school]]. Even when I went to [[college]], there was [[nothing]]. When I was [[studying]] the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], there was nothing about everything we did, not one mention of any participation or contribution, ever. And it would’ve [[changed]] my [[life]].
** [[John Leguizamo]], [https://www.vogue.com/article/john-leguizamo-latin-history-morons "John Leguizamo Is Here to Explain Latino History for You"], Patricia Garcia, ''Vogue'', (April 6, 2017)

* I started to think why [[people]] feel [[comfortable]] [[disrespecting]] [[w:Latinx people|us]] in a way that’s just not [[normal]] or [[natural]]. And I started to think that it's because our contributions aren't in history [[textbooks]].
** John Leguizamo in [https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/nbc-latino-john-leguizamo-n795796 "#NBCLatino20: Broadway's Professor, John Leguizamo"], by Raul A. Reyes, Marshall Crook and Geraldine Cols Azócar, ''NBC News'', (Sept. 14, 2017).

* What is the use trying to describe the flowing of a [[river]] at any one [[moment]], and then at the next moment, and then at the next, and the next, and the next? You wear out. You say: There is a great river, and it flows through this [[land]], and we have named it History.
** [[Ursula K. Le Guin]], "A Man of the People", in ''Four Ways to Forgiveness'' (1995), p. 108.

* [[w:Time travel|Time travel]] [[w:Drama|dramas]] are becoming a hot theme for [[television]] and [[films]]. But the content and exaggerated performance style are questionable. Many [[stories]] are totally made up and are made to strain for an effect of novelty. [[w:Producer|Producers]] and [[writers]] are treating [[serious]] history in a frivolous way, which should by no means be encouraged anymore.
** Li Jingsheng, [[w:State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television|SARFT]] conference, (April 1, 2011); as qtd. in [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/apr/14/china-time-travel-dramas "China censors want to consign time travel dramas to past"], by Tania Branigan, ''The Guardian'', (4/14/2011).

* What has once happened, will invariably happen again, when the same circumstances which combined to produce it, shall again combine in the same way.
** [[Abraham Lincoln]], speech on the sub-Treasury, in the hall of the House of Representatives, Springfield, Illinois (December 26, 1839); in Roy P. Basler, ed., ''The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln'' (1953), vol. 1, p. 165.

* Maybe if we tell the [[truth]] about the past, we can tell the truth about the present.
** Ken Loach, at [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/29/movies/29cann.html Cannes Festival Awards 2006]

* Lives of great men all remind us We can make our lives sublime, And departing, leave behind us Footprints on the sands of time;
** [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]], ''[[wikisource:A Psalm of Life|A Psalm of Life]]'' (1839), St. 7.

* History casts its [[shadow]] far into the [[land]] of [[song]].
** [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]], ''Outre-Mer'', ''Ancient Spanish Ballads''.

* They who live in history only seemed to walk the [[earth]] again.
** [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]], ''The Belfry of Bruges'', Stanza 9.

==M==
* I shall cheerfully bear the reproach of having descended below the dignity of history.
** [[Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay]], ''History of England'', Volume I, Chapter I.

* What then is, generally speaking, the truth of history ? A fable agreed upon.
**[[Napoleon]], ''Mémorial de Sainte Hélène'', v. 4, [http://books.google.com/books?id=945jAAAAMAAJ&vq=%22fable%20agreed%20upon%22&pg=PA251 p. 251]. However, the phrase predates Napoleon. [[w:Claude Adrien Helvétius|Helvétius]] attributes it to [[w:Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle|Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle]], ''De l'esprit'' (1758), [http://books.google.com/books?id=N7g8AAAAcAAJ&vq=%22fable%20convenue%22&pg=RA1-PA443 p. 443],

* '''{{anchor|Marx}} [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]] remarks somewhere that all facts and personages of great importance in world history occur, as it were, twice. He forgot to add: the first time as tragedy, the second as farce.'''
** [[Karl Marx]], "The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon" (1852), part 1, in ''On Revolution'' (vol. 1 of The Karl Marx Library), ed. and trans. Saul K. Padover, p. 245 (1971). See [[#Hegel|Hegel quote]], above.

* '''[[History]] admits no [[rules]], only outcomes.''' What precipitates outcomes? Vicious acts & virtuous acts. What precipitates acts? [[Belief]].
** [[David Mitchell (author)|David Mitchell]], in ''[[w:Cloud Atlas (novel)|Cloud Atlas]]'' (2004), "The Pacific Journal of Adam Ewing", p. 528.

* If Napoleon had nuclear subs, we'd all be speaking French. So, the history thing can be oversold.
** [[Mike Murphy (political consultant)|Mike Murphy]], [http://conversationswithbillkristol.org/video/mike-murphy-ii/ interview with Bill Kristol] (7 February 2018), [http://conversationswithbillkristol.org/transcript/mike-murphy-ii-transcript/ transcript]

* [O]ne's political ideology is inextricable from one's view of [[history]].
** [[Brian Reynolds Myers]], [http://sthelepress.com/index.php/2018/08/27/heaven-is-helping-us-more-from-the-nationalist-left-b-r-myers/ "'Heaven is Helping Us': More from the Nationalist Left"] (27 August 2018), ''Sthele Press''

==O==
[[File:Smithsonian-nmaahc-outside-20160720.jpg|thumb|right|History helps us recognize the [[mistakes]] that we’ve made and the [[dark]] corners of the [[human]] [[spirit]] that we need to guard against. ~ [[Barack Obama]]]]
* The great historian John Hope Franklin, who helped to get this museum started, once said, “Good history is a good foundation for a better present and future.” He understood '''the best history doesn’t just sit behind a glass case; it helps us to understand what’s outside the case. The best history helps us recognize the mistakes that we’ve made and the dark corners of the human spirit that we need to guard against. And, yes, a clear-eyed view of history can make us uncomfortable, and shake us out of familiar narratives. But it is precisely because of that discomfort that we learn and grow and harness our collective power to make this nation more perfect.'''
** [[Barack Obama]], [https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2016/09/24/remarks-president-dedication-national-museum-african-american-history Remarks by the President at the Dedication of the National Museum of African American History and Culture at the National Mall in Washington, D.C.] (24 September 2016)

* Man is no thing, but a drama... Man, in a word, has no nature; what he has is... history.
** [[José Ortega y Gasset]], ''History as a System'' (1935)

* '''Who controls the past controls the future: who controls the present controls the past.'''
** [[George Orwell]], ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]'' (1949), Chapter III.

* We've always been at war with Eastasia.
** [[George Orwell]], ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]'' (1949), Chapter IX.

==P==
[[File:John Gower world Vox Clamantis.jpg|thumb|right|History always has a few tricks up its frayed sleeve. It's been around a long time. ~ [[Terry Pratchett]]]]
[[File:Typical-orb-web-photo.jpg|thumb|Such is the unity of all history that anyone who endeavours to tell a piece of it must feel that his first sentence tears a seamless web. ~ [[w:Sir Frederick Pollock, 3rd Baronet|Frederick Pollock]]]]

* It is impossible to write ancient history because we do not have enough sources, and impossible to write modern history because we have far too many.
** [[Charles Péguy]], ''Clio'' (1931)

* Just as geographers, O Sossius Senecio, crowd on to the outer edges of their maps the parts of the earth which elude their knowledge, with explanatory notes that "What lies beyond is sandy desert without water and full of wild beasts," or "blind marsh," or "Scythian cold," or "frozen sea," so in the writing of my Parallel Lives, now that I have traversed those periods of time which are accessible to probable reasoning and which afford basis for a history dealing with facts, '''I might well say of the earlier periods: "What lies beyond is full of marvels and unreality, a land of poets and fabulists, of doubt and obscurity.'''
** [[Plutarch]], The Life of Theseus.

* The past is just one long, smelly error until we get to the car, computer and iPod.
** [[Laura Penny]], ''More Money Than Brains'', p. 23.

* This moment I am keener on the stories of valour washed away by this year's monsoon floods than the abstract shapes glued to myths, history and stories.
** [[Suman Pokhrel]], ''Before Buddha’s Statue in the Rain''

*'''Such is the unity of all history that anyone who endeavours to tell a piece of it must feel that his first sentence tears a seamless web.'''
** [[w:Sir Frederick Pollock, 3rd Baronet|Frederick Pollock]], ''[https://archive.org/details/historyofenglish01poll/page/n48/mode/1up The history of English law before the time of Edward I]'', p. 1.

* '''Had previous chroniclers neglected to speak in praise of History in general, it might perhaps have been necessary for me to recommend everyone to choose for study and welcome such treatises as the present, since men have no more ready corrective of conduct than knowledge of the past.''' But all historians, one may say without exception, and in no half-hearted manner, but making this the beginning and end of their labour, have impressed on us that the soundest education and training for a life of active politics is the study of History, and that surest and indeed the only method of learning how to bear bravely the vicissitudes of fortune, is to recall the calamities of others. Evidently therefore no one, and least of all myself, would think it his duty at this day to repeat what has been so well and so often said. For the very element of unexpectedness in the events I have chosen as my theme will be sufficient to challenge and incite everyone, young and old alike, to peruse my systematic history. For who is so worthless or indolent as not to wish to know by what means and under what system of polity the Romans in less than fifty-three years have succeeded in subjecting nearly the whole inhabited world to their sole government — a thing unique in history? Or who again is there so passionately devoted to other spectacles or studies as to regard anything as of greater moment than the acquisition of this knowledge?
** [[Polybius]] [[w:The Histories (Polybius)|''The Histories'']]

* '''There is no history of mankind, there is only an indefinite number of histories of all kinds of aspects of human life. And one of these is the history of political power. This is elevated into the history of the world. But this, I hold, is an offence against every decent conception of mankind.''' It is hardly better than to treat the history of embezzlement or of robbery or of poisoning as the history of mankind. For ''the history of power politics is nothing but the history of international crime and mass murder'' (including it is true, some of the attempts to suppress them). This history is taught in schools, and some of the greatest criminals are extolled as heroes.
** Variant: '''There is no history of mankind, there are only many histories of all kinds of aspects of human life. And one of these is the history of political power. This is elevated into the history of the world.'''
** [[Karl Popper]], ''[[w:The Open Society and Its Enemies|The Open Society and Its Enemies]]'', Vol 2, Ch. 25 "Has History any Meaning?" (1945)

* '''History always has a few tricks up its frayed sleeve. It's been around a long time.'''
** [[Terry Pratchett]], ''[[w:Mort|Mort]]'' (1987).

==R==
* [History] hath triumphed over Time, which besides it, nothing but Eternity hath triumphed over.
** Sir [[Walter Raleigh]], ''The History of the World'', Preface.

* In a word, we may gather out of history a policy no less wise than eternal; by the comparison and application of other men's forepassed miseries with our own like errors and ill deservings.
** Sir [[Walter Raleigh]], ''History of the World'', Preface, Par, IX.

* Classical history is concerned with political life, as lived in the Greek city states and the Roman republic and empire.
** {{cite book|author=Isabel Rivers|title=Classical and Christian Ideas in English Renaissance Poetry|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QhGIAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA55|date=2 September 2003|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-84417-3|page=55}}

* I know that all things pass away but history. History never dies. It is what defines us as a civilization, and we live out our collective histories every day, in ways both good and evil... History dies hard.
** [[w:Paul Rusesabagina|Paul Rusesabagina]], ''An Ordinary Man'' (2006), Chapters 10–11

* It is true that numerous instances are not always necessary to establish a law, provided the essential and [[relevant]] circumstances can easily be disentangled. But, in history, so many circumstances of a small and accidental nature are relevant, that no broad and simple uniformities are possible. Where our main endeavour is to discover general laws, we regard these as intrinsically more valuable than any of the facts which they inter-connect. In astronomy, the law of gravitation is plainly better worth knowing than the position of a particular planet on a particular night, or even on every night throughout a year. There are in the law a splendour and simplicity and sense of mastery which illuminate a mass of otherwise uninteresting details... But in history the matter is far otherwise... '''Historical facts, many of them, have an intrinsic value, a profound interest on their own account, which makes them worthy of study, quite apart from any possibility of linking them together by means of causal laws.'''
** [[Bertrand Russell]], ''On History'' (1904).

* The past alone is truly real: the present is but a painful, struggling birth into the immutable being of what is no longer. Only the dead exist fully. The lives of the living are fragmentary, doubtful, and subject to change; but the lives of the dead are complete, free from the sway of Time, the all but omnipotent lord of the world. Their failures and successes, their hopes and fears, their joys and pains, have become eternal—our efforts cannot now abate one jot of them. Sorrows long buried in the grave, tragedies of which only a fading memory remains, loves immortalized by Death's hallowing touch these have a power, a magic, an untroubled calm, to which no present can attain. ...On the banks of the river of Time, the sad procession of human generations is marching slowly to the grave; in the quiet country of the Past, the march is ended, the tired wanderers rest, and the weeping is hushed.
** [[Bertrand Russell]], ''On History'' (1904).

* A land without ruins is a land without memories—a land without memories is a land without history.
** [[w:Abram Joseph Ryan|Abram Joseph Ryan]], "A Land Without Ruins", Preface quoting an unnamed source. Edd Winfield Parks, ''Southern Poets'' (1936), p. 165.

==S==
* Progress, far from consisting in change, depends on retentiveness. '''Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.'''
** [[George Santayana]], ''The Life of Reason'', Vol. 1: ''Reason in Common Sense'' (1905).

* ''Die Weltgeschichte ist das Weltgericht.''
** The world's history is the world's judgment.
** [[Friedrich Schiller]], ''Resignation'', 17.

* Es giebt keine Selbstkenntniss als die historische. Niemand weiss was er ist, wer nicht weiss was seine Genossen sind.
** There is no self-knowledge except historical self-knowledge. No one knows what he is if he doesn’t know what his contemporaries are.
*** [[Friedrich Schlegel]], “Ideas,” ''Lucinde and the Fragments'', p. Firchow, trans. (1991), § 139.

* '''History shows that there are no invincible armies and that there never have been.'''
** [[Joseph Stalin]], Radio Address "Comrades! Citizens! Brothers and sisters! Men of our army and navy!" (3 July 1941).

* '''Serious affairs and history are carefully laid snares for the uninformed.'''
** [[Dejan Stojanovic]] in ''The Sun Watches the Sun,'' Game III, Sequence: “A Game” (1999).

* '''Creators of history always play with our impotence and our ignorance.'''
** [[Dejan Stojanovic]] in ''The Sun Watches the Sun,'' Game III, Sequence: “A Game” (1999).

* '''He did not waste time in a vain search for a place in history.'''
** [[Dejan Stojanovic]] in ''The Sun Watches the Sun,'' “Socrates,” Sequence: “A Stone and a Word” (1999).

* '''History will be erased in the universal purgatory.'''
** [[Dejan Stojanovic]] in “Don Quixote”

* Narrative is taken to mean the organization of material in a chronologically sequential order and the focussing of the content into a single coherent story, albeit with sub-plots. The two essential ways in which narrative history differs from structural history is that its arrangement is descriptive rather than analytical and that its central focus is on man not circumstances. It therefore deals with the peculiar and the specific, rather than the collective and statistical. Narrative is a mode of historical writing, but it is a mode which also affects and is affected by content and method.
** Lawrence Stone, ‘The Revival of Narrative: Reflections on a new old history’ in The Past and Present Revisited,London, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1987 p. 74.

==T==
* History is a big word..........History is not the sort of animal you can domesticate.
** [[w:Antonio Tabucchi|Antonio Tabucchi]], ''Pereira Maintains'' (2010), p. 89.

* ''Præcipium munus annalium reor, ne virtutes sileantur, utque pravis dictis, factisque ex posteritate et infamia metus sit.''
** The principal office of history I take to be this: to prevent virtuous actions from being forgotten, and that evil words and deeds should fear an infamous reputation with posterity.
** [[Tacitus]], ''Annales'' (AD 117), III. 65.

* For me, history is of use... by being able to steal the ideas of others and leverage them, correct the mental defect that seems to block my ability to learn from others.
** [[Nassim Nicholas Taleb]], ''Fooled by Randomness: The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Markets'' (2001) Three: A Mathematical Meditation on History — Fun in My Attic — ''Denigration of History''

* History is written by the victors, but it's victims who write the memoirs.
** [[w:Carol Tavris|Carol Tavris]] and Elliot Aronson, in ''Mistakes Were Made (But Not by Me) : Why We Justify Foolish Beliefs, Bad Decisions, and Hurtful Acts'' (2008), p. 197.

* History gets thicker as it approaches recent times: more people, more events, and more books written about them. More evidence is preserved, often, one is tempted to say, too much. Decay and destruction have hardly begun their beneficent work.
** [[A. J. P. Taylor]], ''English History 1914 – 1945 ([1965] 1975)'', "Revised Bibliography", p. 729

* History is hard to know, because of all the hired bullshit, but even without being sure of "history" it seems entirely reasonable to think that every now and then the energy of a whole generation comes to a head in a long fine flash, for reasons that nobody really understands at the time — and which never explain, in retrospect, what actually happened.
** [[Hunter S. Thompson]], [[w:Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas|Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas]], Chapter 8, Genius..., p. 67.

* '''The very ink with which all history is written is merely fluid prejudice.'''
** [[Mark Twain]], ''Following the Equator'', Part 7.

* '''To ingenious attempts at explaining by the light of reason things which want the light of history to show their meaning, much of the learned nonsense of the world has indeed been due.'''
** [[w:Edward Burnett Tylor|Edward Burnett Tylor]], ''Primitive Culture'' (1871)

==V==
* The absence from the Dead Sea Scrolls of historical texts proper should not surprise us. Neither in the inter-Testamental period, nor in earlier biblical times, was the recording of history as we understand it a strong point among the Jews.
** [[Geza Vermes]] ''The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls in English''Chapter 3: The History of the Community, p. 49

* '''Everybody likes a bit of gossip to some point, as long as it's gossip with some point to it. That's why I like history.''' History is nothing but gossip about the past, with the hope that it might be true.
** [[Gore Vidal]], interview in: Butt, Nr. 20, Special Summer 2007, p. 63.

* All our ancient history, as one of our wits remarked, is no more than accepted fiction.
** [[Voltaire]], ''Jeannot et Colin'' (1764)

* ''L'histoire n'est que le tableau des crimes et des malheurs.''
** Indeed, history is nothing more than a tableau of crimes and misfortunes.
** [[Voltaire]], ''[[w:L'Ingénu|L'Ingénu]]'', Ch. 10 (1767)

==W==
[[File:Vasnetsov Nesmeyana.jpg|thumb|right|The history of the world has been one not of [[conquest]], as supposed; it has been one of [[wikt:ennui|ennui]]. ~ [[w:Helen Westley|Helen Westley]]]]
* Oh do not read history, for that I know must be false.
** [[Robert Walpole]], I, ''Walpoliana'', No. CXLI. Also in Advertisement to Letters to Horace Mann.

* We are apt to suppose that the facts in any branch of meaning must be in some way open to direct inspection, and that the statements of experts in each branch can be tested by their conformity with them ... The most striking thing about history is that the facts it purports to describe are past facts; and past facts are no longer accessible to direct inspection. We cannot, in a word, test the accuracy of historical statements by simply seeing whether they correspond to a reality which is independently known. How then can we test them? … ... we do so by referring to historical evidence. Although the past is not accessible to direct inspection it has left ample traces of itself in the present, in the shape of documents, buildings, coins, institutions, procedures and so forth.
** W. H. Walsh, ''An Introduction to the Philosophy of History'' (1958) pp. 19–20.

* Human history becomes more and more a race between [[education]] and [[catastrophe]].
** [[H. G. Wells]], ''The Outline of History'' (1921), vol. 2, chapter 41, p. 594.

* '''The history of the world has been one not of conquest, as supposed; it has been one of [[wikt:ennui|ennui]].'''
** [[w:Helen Westley|Helen Westley]], as quoted in "The Confessions of Helen Westley" by [[Djuna Barnes]] in ''New York Morning Telegraph Sunday Magazine'' (23 September 1917).

* Anybody can make history. Only a great man can write it.
** [[Oscar Wilde]] "The True Function and Value of Criticism." ''The Nineteenth Century'' XXVII (July-December 1890): 137.

* History has a way of reducing individuals to flat, two-dimensional portraits. it is the enemy of subjectivity, which is why Stephen Dedalus called it "a nightmare from which I am trying to awake". If we think of [[Søren Kierkegaard|Kierkegaard]], of [[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]], of [[Friedrich Hölderlin|Hölderlin]], we see them standing alone, outside of history. They are spotlighted by their intensity, and the background is all darkness. They intersect history, but are not a part of it. There is something anti-history about such men; they are not subject to time, accident and death, but their intensity is a protest against it. I have elsewhere called such men "Outsiders" because they attempt to stand outside history. which defines humanity on terms of limitation, not of possibility.
** [[Colin Wilson]] in ''Rasputin and the Fall of the Romanovs'', p. 13-14 (1964)

* Memory plays tricks that history corrects.
** [[Robert Charles Wilson]], ''Utriusque Cosmi'' (2009) in [[w:Gardner Dozois|Gardner Dozois]] & [[w:Jonathan Strahan|Jonathan Strahan]] (eds.) ''[[w:The New Space Opera 2|The New Space Opera 2]]'' (mass market paperback edition, {{ISBN|978-0-06-156236-5}}), p. 28

* Those old credulities, to nature dear, Shall they no longer bloom upon the stock Of History.
** [[William Wordsworth]], ''Memorials of a Tour in Italy'', IV. At Rome.

==Y==
* '''It is always a part of the misfortunes of the vanquished that their portraits are painted and their history written by the victors.'''
** A. Yankee, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Spectator ''The Spectator's''] Special Correspondent in New York. [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Ans_AQAAIAAJ&dq=%22It%20is%20always%20a%20part%20of%20the%20misfortunes%20of%20the%20vanquished%20that%20their%20portraits%20are%20painted%20and%20their%20history%20written%20by%20the%20victors.%22&pg=PA552#v=onepage&q=%22It%20is%20always%20a%20part%20of%20the%20misfortunes%20of%20the%20vanquished%20that%20their%20portraits%20are%20painted%20and%20their%20history%20written%20by%20the%20victors.%22&f=false May 6, 1865].

* The greater part of what passes for diplomatic history is little more than the record of what one clerk said to another clerk.
** [[G. M. Young]], ''Victorian England: Portrait of an Age'' (1936)

==Z==
* If you don't know history, it's as if you were born yesterday. If you were born yesterday, then any leader can tell you anything.
** [[Howard Zinn]], ''[http://www.democracynow.org/2009/1/2/placeholder_howard_zinn War and Social Justice]'', speech at Binghamton University on 8 November 2008.

==''Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations''==
:Quotes reported in ''[[Wikisource:Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922)|Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations]]'' (1922), p. 368-69.

* Happy is the nation without a history.
** [[Cesare Beccaria]], ''Trattato dei Delitti e delle Pene'' (Treatise of Crimes and of Punishment). Introduction.

* History is a pageant, not a philosophy.
** [[Augustine Birrell]], ''Obiter Dicta'', ''The Muse of History''.

* Happy the people whose annals are tiresome.
** [[Montesquieu]] (attributed).

{{Misattributed begin}}

== Misattributed ==
* History doesn't repeat itself, but it does rhyme.
** This is very often attributed to [[Mark Twain]], but is not found in his works. The earliest publication yet located is a verse which might involve a deliberate invocation of poetic license in [[w:John Robert Colombo|John Robert Colombo's]] poem, "A Said Poem", published in ''Neo Poems'' (1970), which reads: " 'History never repeats itself but it rhymes,' said Mark Twain".

* History will be kind to me, for I intend to write it.
** [[Winston Churchill]]
** Actual quote is:
** For my part, I consider that it will be found much better by all Parties ''to leave the past to history, especially as I propose to write that history.''
** Speech in the House of Commons (January 23, 1948); Cited in ''The Yale Book of Quotations'' (2006), ed. Fred R. Shapiro, Yale University Press, p. 154 {{ISBN|0300107986}} 
{{Misattributed end}}

== See also ==
* [[Time]]
* [[Memory]]

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}
{{wiktionary|history}}

[[Category:History|*]]
[[Category:Humanities]]
[[Category:Time]]
[[Category:Sociology]]

Karl Marx

2020-10-19T15:45:48Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880547 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:Karl Marx 001.jpg|thumb|right|The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of [[class struggles]].]]
[[File:Karl Marx.jpg|thumb|right| The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways. The point, however, is to change it.]]
'''[[w:Karl Marx|Karl Marx]]''' ([[5 May]] [[1818]] – [[14 March]] [[1883]]) was a [[w:Germany|German]] [[political philosopher]], [[economist]], [[historian]], [[sociologist]], [[journalist]] and {{w|revolutionary socialist}}. Marx's work in economics laid the basis for the current understanding of labor and its relation to capital, and has influenced much of subsequent economic thought. He published numerous works during his lifetime, the most notable being ''[[w:The Communist Manifesto|The Communist Manifesto]]'' (1848) and ''[[w:Das Kapital|Das Kapital]]'' (1867–1894).

== Quotes ==
:Sorted chronologically
[[File:KarlMarx3.jpg|thumb|right|We are for Free Trade, because by Free Trade all economical laws, with their most astounding contradictions, will act upon a larger scale, upon the territory of the whole earth…]]
[[File:Karl Marx.png|thumb|right|The uniting of all these contradictions in a single group, where they will stand face to face, will result the struggle which will itself eventuate in the emancipation of the proletariat.]]

[[File:Marx4.jpg|thumb|right|History is not like some individual person, which uses men to achieve its ends. History is nothing but the actions of men in pursuit of their ends.]]

[[File:Marx1867.jpg|thumb|right| The mode of production of material life determines the social, political and intellectual life process in general. It is not the consciousness of men that determines their being, but, on the contrary, their social being that determines their consciousness.]]
[[File:Marx6.jpg|thumb|right|Mankind always sets itself only such tasks as it can solve; since, looking at the matter more closely, we will always find that the task itself arises only when the material conditions necessary for its solution already exist or are at least in the process of formation.]]
[[File:Marx old.jpg|thumb|right| When [[Friedrich Engels|Engels]] and I first joined the secret Communist Society we made it a condition that everything tending to encourage superstitious belief in authority was to be removed from the statutes.]]

* '''It is a bad thing to perform menial duties even for the sake of freedom; to fight with pinpricks, instead of with clubs. I have become tired of hypocrisy, stupidity, gross arbitrariness, and of our bowing and scraping, dodging, and hair-splitting over words. Consequently, the government has given me back my freedom.'''
** Letter from Marx to Arnold Ruge (25 January 1843), after the [[w:Prussia|Prussian]] government dissolved the newspaper ''[[w:Neue Rheinische Zeitung|Neue Rheinische Zeitung]]'', of which Marx was the editor.

* '''Religious suffering is, at one and the same time, the expression of real suffering and a protest against real suffering. Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the [[w:Opium of the people|opium of the people]].''' The abolition of religion as the ''illusory'' happiness of the people is the demand for their ''real'' happiness. To call on them to give up their illusions about their condition is to call on them to give up a condition that requires illusions. The {{w|criticism of religion}} is, therefore, in embryo, the criticism of that vale of tears of which religion is the halo. Criticism has plucked the imaginary flowers on the [[chain]] not in order that man shall continue to bear that chain without fantasy or consolation, but so that he shall throw off the chain and pluck the living flower.
** ''[[w:Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right|Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right]]'', Introduction..., p. 1 (1843).

* The only possible solution which will preserve Germany’s honor and Germany’s interest is, we repeat, a war with Russia.
** ''Marx-Engels Gesamt-Ausgabe, Erste Abteilung'', Volume 7, March to December 1848, p. 304. [[w:Leopold Schwartzschild | Leopold Schwartzschild]], ''Karl Marx: The Red Prussian'', New York: NY, The Universal Library, Grosset & Dunlap, 1947, p. 202

* It is clear that the arm of criticism cannot replace the criticism of arms. Material force can only be overthrown by material force, but [[theory]] itself becomes a material force when it has seized the masses. Theory is capable of seizing the masses when it demonstrates ''ad hominem'', and it demonstrates ''ad hominem'' as soon as it becomes radical. To be radical is to grasp things by the root. But for man the root is man himself. What proves beyond doubt the radicalism of German theory, and thus its practical energy, is that it begins from the resolute ''positive'' abolition of religion. The criticism of religion ends with the doctrine that ''man is the supreme being for man''. It ends, therefore, with the ''categorical imperative'' to overthrow ''all those conditions'' in which man is an abased, enslaved, abandoned, contemptible being—conditions which can hardly be better described than in the exclamation of a Frenchman on the occasion of a proposed tax upon dogs: 'Wretched dogs! They want to treat you like men!'
** ''Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right'' (1843)

* If I negate powdered wigs, I am still left with unpowdered wigs.
** ''Introduction to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right'' (1844).

* '''History is not like some individual person, which uses men to achieve its ends. History is nothing but the actions of men in pursuit of their ends.'''
** ''The Holy Family'', Ch. VI (1845).

* ''Die Philosophen haben die Welt nur verschieden interpretirt; es kommt aber darauf an, sie zu verändern.''[http://books.google.com/books?id=xyc9AAAAYAAJ&q=%22Die+Philosophen+haben+die+Welt+nur+verschieden%22+%22es+kommt+aber+darauf+an+sie+zu+ver%C3%A4ndern%22&pg=PA72#v=onepage]
** '''The philosophers have only ''interpreted'' the world, in various ways. The point, however, is to ''change'' it.'''
** "Theses on [[Ludwig Feuerbach|Feuerbach]]" (1845), Thesis 11, Marx Engels Selected Works,(MESW), Volume I, p. 15; these words are also engraved upon his grave.
** First published as an appendix to the pamphlet ''[[w:Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy|Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy]]'' by [[Friedrich Engels]] (1886)

* But take a brief glance at real life. In present-day economic life you will find, not only competition and monopoly, but also their synthesis, which is not a formula but a movement. Monopoly produces competition, competition produces monopoly. That equation, however, far from alleviating the difficulties of the present situation, as bourgeois economists suppose, gives rise to a situation even more difficult and involved. Thus, by changing the basis upon which the present economic relations rest, by abolishing the present mode of production, you abolish not only competition, monopoly and their antagonism, but also their unity, their synthesis, the movement whereby a true balance is maintained between competition and monopoly. Let me now give you an example of [[Pierre-Joseph Proudhon|Mr Proudhon]]'s dialectics. Freedom and slavery constitute an antagonism. There is no need for me to speak either of the good or of the bad aspects of freedom. As for slavery, there is no need for me to speak of its bad aspects. The only thing requiring explanation is the good side of slavery. I do not mean indirect slavery, the slavery of proletariat; I mean direct slavery, the slavery of the Blacks in Surinam, in Brazil, in the southern regions of North America. Direct slavery is as much the pivot upon which our present-day industrialism turns as are machinery, credit, etc. Without slavery there would be no cotton, without cotton there would be no modern industry. It is slavery which has given value to the colonies, it is the colonies which have created world trade, and world trade is the necessary condition for large-scale machine industry. Consequently, prior to the slave trade, the colonies sent very few products to the Old World, and did not noticeably change the face of the world. Slavery is therefore an economic category of paramount importance. Without slavery, North America, the most progressive nation, would he transformed into a patriarchal country. Only wipe North America off the map and you will get anarchy, the complete decay of trade and modern civilisation. But to do away with slavery would be to wipe America off the map. Being an economic category, slavery has existed in all nations since the beginning of the world. All that modern nations have achieved is to disguise slavery at home and import it openly into the New World. '''After these reflections on slavery, what will the good Mr Proudhon do? He will seek the synthesis of liberty and slavery, the true golden mean, in other words the balance between slavery and liberty.''' Mr Proudhon understands perfectly well that men manufacture worsted, linens and silks; and whatever credit is due for understanding such a trifle! What Mr Proudhon does not understand is that, according to their faculties, men also produce the social relations in which they produce worsted and linens. Still less does Mr Proudhon understand that those who produce social relations in conformity with their material productivity also produce the ideas, categories, i.e. the ideal abstract expressions of those same social relations. Indeed, the categories are no more eternal than the relations they express. They are historical and transitory products. To Mr Proudhon, on the contrary, the prime cause consists in abstractions and categories. According to him it is these and not men which make history. The abstraction, the category regarded as such, i.e. as distinct from man and his material activity, is, of course, immortal, immutable, impassive. It is nothing but an entity of pure reason, which is only another way of saying that an abstraction, regarded as such, is abstract. An admirable tautology! Hence, to Mr Proudhon, economic relations, seen in the form of categories, are eternal formulas without origin or progress. To put it another way: Mr Proudhon does not directly assert that to him bourgeois life is an eternal truth; he says so indirectly, by deifying the categories which express bourgeois relations in the form of thought. He regards the products of bourgeois society as spontaneous entities, endowed with a life of their own, eternal, the moment these present themselves to him in the shape of categories, of thought. Thus he fails to rise above the bourgeois horizon. Because he operates with bourgeois thoughts and assumes them to be eternally true, he looks for the synthesis of those thoughts, their balance, and fails to see that their present manner of maintaining a balance is the only possible one.
** Letter to [[w:Pavel Annenkov | Pavel Vasilyevich Annenkov]], (28 December 1846), Rue d'Orleans, 42, Faubourg Namur, ''Marx Engels Collected Works'' Vol. 38, p. 95; International Publishers (1975). First Published: in full in the French original in ''M.M. Stasyulevich i yego sovremenniki v ikh perepiske'', Vol. III, 1912 [http://hiaw.org/defcon6/works/1846/letters/46_12_28.html]

* Is that to say we are against Free Trade? No, we are for Free Trade, because by Free Trade all economical laws, with their most astounding contradictions, will act upon a larger scale, upon the territory of the whole earth; and because from '''the uniting of all these contradictions in a single group, where they will stand face to face, will result the struggle which will itself eventuate in the emancipation of the [[proletariat]].'''
**Writing in the ''Chartist'' newspaper (1847), in ''Marx Engels Collected Works'' Vol 6, pg 290.

* A house may be large or small; as long as the neighboring houses are likewise small, it satisfies all social requirement for a residence. But let there arise next to the little house a palace, and the little house shrinks to a hut. The little house now makes it clear that its inmate has no social position at all to maintain, or but a very insignificant one; and however high it may shoot up in the course of civilization, if the neighboring palace rises in [[equal]] or even in greater measure, the occupant of the relatively little house will always find himself more uncomfortable, more dissatisfied, more cramped within his four walls.
** [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/wage-labour/ch06.htm ''Wage Labour and Capital'' (December 1847)], in ''Marx Engels Selected Works'', Volume I, p. 163.

* [T]he very cannibalism of the counterrevolution will convince the nations that there is only one way in which the murderous death agonies of the old society and the bloody birth throes of the new society can be shortened, simplified and concentrated, and that way is revolutionary terror.
** “The Victory of the Counter-Revolution in Vienna,” ''Neue Rheinische Zeitung''', 07 November 1848.

* Did you not read our articles about the June revolution, and was not the essence of the June revolution the essence of our paper? Why then your hypocritical phrases, your attempt to find an impossible pretext? '''We have no compassion and we ask no compassion from you. When our turn comes, we shall not make excuses for the terror. But the royal terrorists, the terrorists by the grace of God and the law, are in practice brutal, disdainful, and mean, in [[theory]] cowardly, secretive, and deceitful, and in both respects disreputable.'''
** The final issue of ''[[w:Neue Rheinische Zeitung|Neue Rheinische Zeitung]]'' (18 May 1849)''''Marx-Engels Gesamt-Ausgabe'', Vol. VI, p. 503,
** Variant translation: We are ruthless and ask no quarter from you. When our turn comes we shall not disguise our terrorism.

*[I]t is our interest and our task to make the revolution permanent until all the more or less propertied classes have been driven from their ruling positions, until the proletariat has conquered state power and until the association of the proletarians has progressed sufficiently far – not only in one country but in all the leading countries of the world – that competition between the proletarians of these countries ceases and at least the decisive forces of production are concentrated in the hands of the workers. Our concern cannot simply be to modify private property, but to abolish it, not to hush up class antagonisms but to abolish classes, not to improve the existing society but to found a new one.
** [https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/communist-league/1850-ad1.htm Address of the Central Committee to the Communist League] in London (March 1850)

* Under no pretext should arms and ammunition be surrendered; any attempt to disarm the workers must be frustrated, by force if necessary.
** [https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/communist-league/1850-ad1.htm Address of the Central Committee to the Communist League] in London, March 1850

*From your letter it would seem that, during your old man's visit to Manchester, you did not hear that a second document had appeared in the ''Kölnische Zeitung'' under the heading ‘Der Bund der Kommunisten’. This was the piece we wrote jointly, ‘Ansprache an den Bund’—''au fond'', nothing less than a plan of campaign against [[democracy]].
**Karl Marx: Letter to Engels, July 13, 1851, ''Marx and Engels: Collected Works'', Vol. 38, Letters 1844-51, Great Britain, Lawrence & Wishart, Electric Book, 2010, p. 384

*As for the commercial business, I can no longer make head or tail of it. At one moment crisis seems imminent and the City prostrated, the next everything is set fair. I know that none of this will have any impact on the catastrophe.
**Letter to Friedrich Engels (4 February 1852), quoted in ''The Collected Works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: Volume 39. Letters 1852–55'' (2010), p. 32

* The Tories in England long imagined that they were enthusiastic about monarchy, the church, and the beauties of the old English Constitution, until the day of danger wrung from them the confession that they are enthusiastic only about ground rent.
** Karl Marx, [https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1852/18th-brumaire/ch03.htm The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte] (1852, Chapter III)

* Society is undergoing a silent revolution, which must be submitted to, and which takes no more notice of the human existences it breaks down than an earthquake regards the houses it subverts. The classes and the races, too weak to master the new conditions of life, must give way.
** “Forced Emigration,” ''New York Daily Tribune'', 22 March 1853.

*The real point at issue always is Turkey in Europe – the great peninsula to the south of the Save and Danube. This splendid territory [the Balkans] has the misfortune to be inhabited by a conglomerate of different races and nationalities, of which it is hard to say which is the least fit for progress and civilization. Slavonians, Greeks, Wallachians, Arnauts, twelve millions of men, are all held in submission by one million of Turks, and up to a recent period, it appeared doubtful whether, of all these different races, the Turks were not the most competent to hold the supremacy which, in such a mixed population, could not but accrue to one of these nationalities.
**[https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/subject/russia/crimean-war.htm ''The Russian Menace to Europe'',] From Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, edited by Paul Blackstock and Bert Hoselitz, and published by George Allen and Unwin, London, 1953, pp 121-202. Originally published in New York ''Tribune'' (7 April 1853)

*[B]y quarrelling amongst themselves, instead of confederating, Germans and Scandinavians, both of them belonging to the same great race, only prepare the way for their hereditary enemy, the Slav.
**''The Eastern Question: A Reprint of Letters written 1853 –1856 dealing with the events of the Crimean War'', edit., Eleanor Marx Aveling, London, Swan Sonnenschein & Co. (1897) p. 90 [https://books.google.com/books?id=D75MAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA90&lpg=PA90&dq=Marx+%22by+quarrelling+amongst+themselves,+instead+of+confederating,+Germans+and+Scandinavians,+%22&source=bl&ots=uC9gdDzTYy&sig=ACfU3U3Lt7WXkyrxUD8hF5u5WXMdFikUEA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjTqrOylMbgAhXS31QKHdQECVcQ6AEwAnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=Marx%20%22by%20quarrelling%20amongst%20themselves%2C%20instead%20of%20confederating%2C%20Germans%20and%20Scandinavians%2C%20%22&f=true]

* England, it is true, in causing a social [[revolution]] in Hindostan, was actuated only by the vilest interests, and was stupid in her manner of enforcing them. But that is not the question. The question is, can mankind fulfil its destiny without a fundamental revolution in the social state of Asia? If not, whatever may have been the crimes of England she was the unconscious tool of history in bringing about that revolution.
** "[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1853/06/25.htm The British Rule in India]," ''New York Daily Tribune'', 10 June 1853.

* England has to fulfill a double mission in India: one destructive, the other regenerating – the annihilation of old Asiatic society, and the laying the material foundations of Western society in Asia… When a great social revolution shall have mastered the results of the bourgeois epoch… and subjected them to the common control of the most advanced peoples, then only will human progress cease to resemble that hideous, pagan idol, who would not drink the nectar but from the skulls of the slain.
** “The Future Results of British Rule in India,” ''New York Daily Tribune'', 08 August 1853

[[File:British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg|thumb|right|England has to fulfill a double mission in India: one destructive, the other regenerating – the annihilation of old Asiatic society, and the laying the material foundations of Western society in Asia.]]

* '''Thus we find every tyrant backed by a Jew, as is every Pope by a Jesuit. In truth, the cravings of oppressors would be hopeless, and the practicability of war out of the question, if there were not an army of Jesuits to smother thought and a handful of Jews to ransack pockets.''' [...] the real work is done by the Jews, and can only be done by them, as they monopolize the machinery of the loanmongering mysteries by concentrating their energies upon the barter trade in securities… Here and there and everywhere that a little capital courts investment, there is ever one of these little Jews ready to make a little suggestion or place a little bit of a loan. [...] '''Thus do these loans, which are a curse to the people, a ruin to the holders, and a danger to the governments, become a blessing to the houses of the children of Judah.''' This Jew organization of loan-mongers is as dangerous to the people as the aristocratic organization of landowners... The fortunes amassed by these loan-mongers are immense, but the wrongs and sufferings thus entailed on the people and the encouragement thus afforded to their oppressors still remain to be told. [...] '''The fact that 1855 years ago [[w:Cleansing of the Temple|Christ drove the Jewish moneychangers out of the temple]], and that the moneychangers of our age enlisted on the side of tyranny happen again chiefly to be Jews, is perhaps no more than a historical coincidence. The loan-mongering Jews of Europe do only on a larger and more obnoxious scale what many others do on one smaller and less significant. But it is only because the Jews are so strong that it is timely and expedient to expose and stigmatize their organization.'''
** “The Russian Loan,” ''New York Daily Tribune'', 04 January 1856; reprinted in full in ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=D75MAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR3&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=3#v=onepage&q=%22russian%20loan%22&f=false The Eastern Question: A Reprint of Letters Written 1853-1856 Dealing with the Events of the Crimean War]'', edited by Eleanor Marx Aveling & Edward Aveling; S. Sonnenschein & Company, 1897, pp. 600-606

*What do ''you'' think of the aspect of the money market? ... This time, by the by, the thing has assumed European dimensions such as have never been seen before, and I don't suppose we'll be able to spend much longer here merely as spectators. The very fact that I've at last got round to setting up house again and sending for my books seems to me to prove that the 'mobilisation' of our persons is AT HAND.
**Letter to Friedrich Engels (26 September 1856), quoted in ''The Collected Works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: Volume 40. Letters 1856–59'' (2010), pp. 71–72

* As to the Delhi affair, [i.e., the [[w:Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Rebellion of 1857]] ] it seems to me that the English ought to begin their retreat as soon as the rainy season has set in in real earnest. Being obliged for the present to hold the fort for you as the Tribune’s military correspondent I have taken it upon myself to put this forward. NB [''nota bene''; "take note"], on the supposition that the reports to date have been true. '''It’s possible that I shall make an ass of myself. But in that case one can always get out of it with a little dialectic. I have, of course, so worded my proposition as to be right either way.'''
** [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1857/letters/57_08_15.htm Letter to Friedrich Engels], dated 15 August 1857.

*'''There is something in human history like retribution; and it is a rule of historical retribution that its instrument be forged not by the offended, but by the offender himself. The first blow dealt to the French monarchy proceeded from the nobility, not from the peasants. The Indian revolt does not commence with the ryots, tortured, dishonoured and stripped naked by the British, but with the sepoys, clad, fed and petted, fatted and pampered by them.'''
** In an article written for the ''New York Daily Tribune'', September 16, 1857 [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1857/09/16.htm]

*Considering the optimistic turn taken by world trade AT THIS MOMENT...it is some consolation at least that the revolution has begun in Russia, for I regard the convocation of 'notables' to Petersburg as such a beginning. ... [O]n the Continent revolution is imminent and will, moreover, instantly assume a [[socialist]] character.
**Letter to Friedrich Engels (8 October 1858), quoted in ''The Collected Works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: Volume 40. Letters 1856–59'' (2010), pp. 346–347

*'''In the social production of their life, men enter into definite relations that are indispensable and independent of their will; these relations of production correspond to a definite stage of development of their material forces of production. The sum total of these relations of production constitutes the economic structure of society — the real foundation, on which rises a legal and political superstructure and to which correspond definite forms of social consciousness. The [[mode of production]] of material life determines the social, political and intellectual life process in general. It is not the consciousness of men that determines their being, but, on the contrary, their social being that determines their consciousness.''' [''Es ist nicht das Bewußtsein der Menschen, das ihr Sein, sondern umgekehrt ihr gesellschaftliches Sein, das ihr Bewusstsein bestimmt.''] At a certain stage of their development, the material [[productive forces]] in society come in conflict with the existing relations of production, or — what is but a legal expression for the same thing — with the property relations within which they have been at work before. From forms of development of the productive forces these relations turn into fetters. Then begins an epoch of social revolution. With the change of the economic foundation the entire immense superstructure is more or less rapidly transformed. In considering such transformations a distinction should always be made between the material transformation of the economic conditions of production, which can be determined with the precision of natural science, and the legal, political, religious, aesthetic or philosophic — in short, [[ideological]] forms in which men become conscious of this conflict and fight it out. Just as our opinion of an individual is not based on what he thinks of himself, so we can not judge of such a period of transformation by its own consciousness; on the contrary, this consciousness must be explained rather from the contradictions of material life, from the existing conflict between the social productive forces and the relations of production. No social order ever disappears before all the productive forces for which there is room in it have been developed; and new, higher relations of production never appear before the material conditions of their existence have matured in the womb of the old society itself. '''Therefore, mankind always sets itself only such tasks as it can solve; since, looking at the matter more closely, we will always find that the task itself arises only when the material conditions necessary for its solution already exist or are at least in the process of formation'''. In broad outlines we can designate the Asiatic, the ancient, the feudal, and the modern bourgeois modes of production as so many progressive epochs in the economic formation of society. The bourgeois relations of production are the last antagonistic form of the social process of production — antagonistic not in the sense of individual antagonism, but of one arising from the social conditions of life of the individuals; at the same time the productive forces developing in the womb of bourgeois society create the material conditions for the solution of that antagonism. '''This social formation constitutes, therefore, the closing chapter of the prehistoric stage of human society.'''
** Preface to ''{{w|A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy}}'' (1859).

*The position of the revolutionary party in Germany is certainly difficult at the moment, but, with some critical analysis of the circumstances, clear nevertheless. As to the “governments,” it is obvious from every point of view, if only for the sake of Germany's ''existence'', that the demand must be put to them ''not to remain neutral'', but, as you rightly say, to be ''patriotic''. But the ''revolutionary'' point is to be given to the affair simply by emphasising the antagonism ''to Russia'' more strongly than the antagonism against [[w:Napoleon III of France|Boustrapa]].
**Letter to Friedrich Engels (18 May 1859), quoted in Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, ''Selected Correspondence, 1846–1895'' (1943), p. 122

* The product of [[mental labor]] — [[science]] — always stands far below its value, because the labor-time necessary to reproduce it has no relation at all to the labor-time required for its original [[production]].
** Addenda, "Relative and Absolute Surplus Value" in ''Economic Manuscripts'' (1861-63)

*'''The Jewish Nigger, [[w:Ferdinand Lassalle|Lassalle]]... It is now quite plain to me — as the shape of his head and the way his hair grows also testify — that he is descended from the negroes who accompanied Moses’ flight from Egypt (unless his mother or paternal grandmother interbred with a nigger)'''. Now, this blend of Jewishness and Germanness, on the one hand, and basic negroid stock, on the other, must inevitably give rise to a peculiar product. The fellow’s importunity is also nigger-like.
**[http://hiaw.org/defcon6/works/1862/letters/62_07_30a.html Marx to Engels in Manchester] (30 July 1862), ''MECW'' Volume 41, p. 388; first published: abridged in ''Der Briefwechsel zwischen F. Engels und K. Marx'', Stuttgart, 1913, and in full in ''MEGA'', Berlin, 1930.

*We are obviously heading for revolution—something I have never once doubted since 1850. The first act will include a by no means gratifying rehash of the stupidities of '48-'49. However, that's how world history runs its course, and one has to take it as one finds it.
**Letter to Ludwig Kugelmann (28 December 1862), quoted in ''The Collected Works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: Volume 41. Letters 1860–64'' (2010), p. 437

*This much is certain, the ERA OF REVOLUTION has now FAIRLY OPENED IN EUROPE once more. And the general state of affairs is good.
**Letter to Friedrich Engels (13 February 1863), quoted in ''The Collected Works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: Volume 41. Letters 1860–64'' (2010), p. 453

*I have just noticed in the 2nd edition of ''The Times'' that the Prussian Second Chamber has finally done something worthwhile. We shall soon have revolution.
**Letter to Friedrich Engels (21 February 1863), quoted in ''The Collected Works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: Volume 41. Letters 1860–64'' (2010), p. 461

* ''Mit allen ihren Mängeln erscheint diese Konstitution mitten in der russisch−preußisch−österreichischen Barbarei als das einzige Freiheitswerk, das Osteuropa je selbständig hervorgebracht hat. Und sie ging ausschließlich von der bevorrechteten Klasse, dem Adel, aus. Die Weltgeschichte bietet kein andres Beispiel von ähnlichem Adel des Adels.''
** Despite all its shortcomings, this Constitution looms against the background of Russo-Prusso-Austrian barbarism as the only work of liberty which Eastern Europe has ever created independently, and it emerged exclusively from the privileged class, from the nobility. The history of the world has never seen another example of such nobility of the nobility.
** On the [[Polish Constitution of May 3, 1791]].
** "Poland, Prussia and Russia" (1863 manuscript). In Werner Conze and Dieter Hertz-Eichenrode (ed.) ''Manuskripte über die polnische Frage (1863-1864)''. Hague: Mouton, 1961.

[[File:Jenny laura marx.jpg|thumb|right|''Favourite name'' … Laura, Jenny … ''Favourite maxim'' … ''Nihil humani a me alienum puto'' [Nothing human is alien to me] ''Favourite motto'' … ''De omnibus dubitandum'' [Everything must be doubted].]]
* ''Your favourite virtue'' … Simplicity ''Your favourite virtue in man'' … Strength ''Your favourite virtue in woman'' … Weakness ''Your chief characteristic'' … Singleness of purpose ''Your idea of happiness'' … To fight ''Your idea of misery'' … Submission ''The vice you excuse most'' … Gullibility ''The vice you detest most'' … Servility ''Your aversion'' … [[Martin Farquhar Tupper|Martin Tupper]] ''Favourite occupation'' … Book-worming ''Favourite poet'' … [[Shakespeare]], [[Aeschylus]], [[Goethe]] ''Favourite prose-writer'' … [[Diderot]] ''Favourite hero'' … [[Spartacus]], [[Johannes Kepler|Kepler]] ''Favourite heroine'' … Gretchen [Heroine of Goethe's ''[[Faust]]''] ''Favourite flower'' … Daphne ''Favourite colour'' … Red ''Favourite name'' … Laura, Jenny ''Favourite dish'' … Fish ''Favourite maxim'' … ''Nihil humani a me alienum puto'' [Nothing human is alien to me, [[Terence]]] ''Favourite motto'' … ''De omnibus dubitandum'' [Everything must be doubted].
** [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1865/04/01.htm Marx's replies to a set of questions given to him by his daughters Jenny and Laura in 1865]

*In its historical and political applications far more significant and pregnant than Darwin. For certain questions, such as nationality, etc., only here has a basis in nature been found. E.g., he corrects the Pole Duchinski, whose version of the geological differences between Russia and the Western Slav lands he does incidentally confirm, by saying not that the Russians are Tartars rather than Slavs, etc., as the latter believes, but that on the surface-formation predominant in Russia the Slav has been tartarised and mongolised; likewise (he spent a long time in Africa) he shows that the common negro type is only a degeneration of a far higher one.
**Letter to Friedrich Engels on [[w:Pierre Trémaux|P. Trémaux]]'s 1865 work, ''Origine et Transformations de l’Homme et des autres Êtres'' (7 August 1866), quoted in Jon Elster, ''Making Sense of Marx'' (1985), p. 60

* '''Everyone who knows anything of history also knows that great social revolutions are impossible without the feminine ferment. Social progress may be measured precisely by the social position of the fair sex (plain ones included).'''
** [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1868/letters/68_12_12.htm Letter to Ludwig Kugelmann], dated 12 December 1868.

* If conquest constitutes a [[natural right]] on the part of the few, the many have only to gather sufficient strength in order to acquire the natural right of reconquering what has been taken from them.
** [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1869/12/03.htm The Abolition of Landed Property] (3 December 1869)

* Instead of deciding once in three or six years which member of the ruling class was to misrepresent the people in Parliament, universal suffrage was to serve the people, constituted in Communes, as individual suffrage serves every other employer in the search for the workmen and [[manager]]s in his business.
** [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1871/civil-war-france/ch05.htm ''The Civil War in France'' : "The Third Address" (May 1871)]

* '''[[w:From each according to his ability, to each according to his need|From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs]].'''
** ''[[w:Critique of the Gotha Program|The Criticism of the Gotha Program]]'' (1875)
** Variant translation: From each according to his ability, to each according to his need.

* '''Neither of us cares a straw for popularity.''' A proof of this is for example, that, because of aversion to any personality cult, I have never permitted the numerous expressions of appreciation from various countries with which I was pestered during the existence of the International to reach the realm of publicity, and have never answered them, except occasionally by a rebuke. '''When [[Friedrich Engels|Engels]] and I first joined the secret Communist Society we made it a condition that everything tending to encourage superstitious belief in authority was to be removed from the statutes.'''
** Remarks against personality cults from a letter to W. Blos (10 November 1877).

* If anything is certain, it is that I myself am not a [[Marxist]]
** Original: Ce qu'il y a de certain c'est que moi, je ne suis pas Marxiste.
** Marx quoted and translated by Engels (in an 1882 letter to Eduard Bernstein) about the peculiar Marxism which arose in France 1882. Original: "Ce qu'il y a de certain c'est que moi, je ne suis pas Marxiste" [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1882/letters/82_11_02.htm#356]
[https://marxists.catbull.com/archive/marx/works/1882/letters/82_08_09.htm]


* '''Private property has made us so stupid and one-sided that an object is only ours when we have it, when it exists for us as [[capital]]''' or when we directly possess, eat, drink, wear, inhabit it, etc., in short, when we use it. Although private property conceives all these immediate realizations of possession only as means of life; and the life they serve is the life of private property, labor, and capitalization. '''Therefore all the physical and intellectual senses have been replaced by the simple estrangement of all these senses – the sense of having.''' So that it might give birth to its inner wealth, human nature had to be reduced to this absolute poverty.
** ''Early Writings'', translated and ed. by {{w|Thomas Bottomore}}, p. 159. [https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/epm/3rd.htm]

=== Reflections of a Youth on Choosing an Occupation (1835) ===
[http://www.zeno.org/Philosophie/M/Marx,+Karl/Betrachtungen+eines+J%C3%BCnglings+bei+der+Wahl+seines+Berufes Betrachtung eines Jünglings bei der Wahl eines Berufes]
[[File:SBZ 1948 214 Karl Marx.jpg|thumb|right|Everyone has a goal which appears to be great, at least to himself, and is great when deepest conviction, the innermost voice of the heart, pronounces it great. .... This voice, however, is easily drowned out, and what we thought to be inspiration may have been created by the fleeting moment and again perhaps destroyed by it. ... We must seriously ask ourselves, therefore, whether we are really inspired about a vocation, whether an inner voice approves of it, or whether the inspiration was a deception, whether that which we took as the Deity’s calling to us was self-deceit. But how else could we recognize this except by searching for the source of our inspiration?]]
* [The career a young man should choose should be] one that is most consonant with our dignity, one that is based on ideas of whose truth we are wholly convinced, one that offers us largest scope in working for humanity and approaching that general goal towards which each profession offers only one of the means: the goal of perfection … If he works only for himself he can become a famous scholar, a great sage, an excellent imaginative writer [''[[wikt:Dichter|Dichter]]''], but never a perfected, a truly great man.
** in ''Karl Marx and World Literature'' (1976) by S. S. Prawer, p. 2.

* Everyone has a goal which appears to be great, at least to himself, and is great when deepest conviction, the innermost voice of the heart, pronounces it great. ... This voice, however, is easily drowned out, and what we thought to be inspiration may have been created by the fleeting moment and again perhaps destroyed by it. ... We must seriously ask ourselves, therefore, whether we are really inspired about a vocation, whether an inner voice approves of it, or whether the inspiration was a deception, whether that which we took as the Deity’s calling to us was self-deceit. But how else could we recognize this except by searching for the source of our inspiration?
** ''Writings of the Young Marx on Philosophy and Society'', L. Easton, trans. (1967), p. 36

* Everything great glitters, glitter begets ambition, and ambition can easily have caused the inspiration or what we thought to be inspiration. But reason can no longer restrain one who is lured by the fury of ambition. He tumbles where his vehement drive calls him; no longer does he choose his position, but rather chance and luster determine it.
: Then we are not called to the position where we can most shine. It is not the one which, in the long succession of years during which we may hold it, will never make us weary, subdue our zeal, or dampen our inspiration. Soon we shall see our wishes unfulfilled and our ideas unsatisfied.
:* ''Writings of the Young Marx on Philosophy and Society'', L. Easton, trans. (1967), p. 36

* Bourgeois society continuously brings forth the Jew from its own entrails.
** as quoted in "Nationalism and Socialism: Marxist and Labor Theories of Nationalism to 1917", Horace B. Davis, New York: NY, Monthly Review Press (2009) p. 72. Original: Marx, “Zur Judenfrange” in "Werke", I, (1843) pp. 374-376.

* We cannot always choose the vocation to which we believe we are called. Our social relations, to some extent, have already begun to form before we are in a position to determine them.
** ''Writings of the Young Marx on Philosophy and Society'', L. Easton, trans. (1967), p. 37

* When we have weighed everything, and when our relations in life permit us to choose any given position, we may take that one which guarantees us the greatest dignity, which is based on ideas of whose truth we are completely convinced, which offers the largest field to work for mankind and approach the universal goal for which every position is only a means: perfection.
** ''Writings of the Young Marx on Philosophy and Society'', L. Easton, trans. (1967), p. 38

* Only that position can impart dignity in which we do not appear as servile tools but rather create independently within our circle.
** ''Writings of the Young Marx on Philosophy and Society'', L. Easton, trans. (1967), p. 38

* '''When we have chosen the vocation in which we can contribute most to humanity, burdens cannot bend us because they are only sacrifices for all. Then we experience no meager, limited, egotistic joy, but our happiness belongs to millions, our deeds live on quietly but eternally effective, and glowing tears of noble men will fall on our ashes.'''
** ''Writings of the Young Marx on Philosophy and Society'', L. Easton, trans. (1967), p. 39

=== ''[[w:The Difference Between the Democritean and Epicurean Philosophy of Nature|The Difference Between the Democritean and Epicurean Philosophy of Nature]]'' (1841) ===
* ''Prometheus ist der vornehmste Heilige und Märtyrer im philosophischen Kalender.''
** Prometheus is the most eminent saint and martyr in the philosophical calendar.

* ''Das Philosophisch-Werden der Welt [ist] zugleich ein Weltlich-Werden der Philosophie; ihre Verwirklichung [ist] zugleich ihr Verlust.''
** For the world to become philosophic amounts to philosophy’s becoming world-order reality; and it means that philosophy, at the same time that it is realized, disappears.

=== ''[[w:On the Jewish Question|On the Jewish Question]]'' (1843) ===
:''Zur Judenfrage'' – [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/jewish-question/ Full text online]

* '''Every emancipation is a restoration of the human world and of human relationships to a man himself.'''

* What is the secular basis of Judaism? ''Practical'' need, ''self-interest''. What is the worldly religion of the Jew? ''Huckstering''. What is his worldly God? ''Money''.

* Let us consider the actual, worldly Jew — not the Sabbath Jew, as Bauer does, but the everyday Jew. ... What is the worldly religion of the Jew? Huckstering. What is his worldly God? Money… Money is the jealous god of Israel, in face of which no other god may exist. Money degrades all the gods of man — and turns them into commodities. The bill of exchange is the real god of the Jew. His god is only an illusory bill of exchange. The chimerical nationality of the Jew is the nationality of the merchant, of the man of money in general.

* Very well then! Emancipation from huckstering and money, consequently from practical, real Judaism, would be the self-emancipation of our time. An organization of society [such as communism] which would abolish the preconditions for huckstering, and therefore the possibility of huckstering, would make [this] Jew impossible. His religious consciousness would be dissipated like a thin haze in the real, vital air of society. On the other hand, if the Jew recognizes that this practical nature of his is futile and works to abolish it, he extricates himself from his previous development and works for human emancipation as such and turns against the supreme practical expression of human self-estrangement.

=== [[w:Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844|''Paris Manuscripts'' (1844)]] ===
[[File:Marx color2.jpg|thumb|right|The first premise of all human history is, of course, the existence of living human individuals. Thus the first fact to be established is the physical organisation of these individuals and their consequent relation to the rest of nature.]]
:[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/manuscripts/preface.htm ''Economic & Philosophic Manuscripts'' of 1844]
[[File:Lammert Karl Marx.jpg|thumb|right|Language comes into being, like consciousness, from the basic need, from the scantiest intercourse with other human.]]

*'''Political Economy regards the proletarian … like a horse, he must receive enough to enable him to work. It does not consider him, during the time when he is not working, as a human being.''' It leaves this to criminal law, doctors, religion, statistical tables, politics, and the beadle. … (1) What is the meaning, in the development of mankind, of this reduction of the greater part of mankind to abstract labor? (2) What mistakes are made by the piecemeal reformers, who either want to raise [[wages]] and thereby improve the situation of the working class, or — like [[Pierre-Joseph Proudhon|Proudhon]] — see equality of wages as the goal of social revolution?.
** First Manuscript – Wages of Labour, p. 6.

* The worker's existence is thus brought under the same condition as the existence of every other commodity. The worker has become a commodity, and it is a bit of luck for him if he can find a buyer, And the demand on which the life of the worker depends, depends on the whim of the [[rich]] and the [[capitalists]].
** Wages of Labor, p. 20.

* The fact that labour is external to the worker, i.e., it does not belong to his intrinsic nature; that in his work, therefore he does not affirm himself but denies himself, does not feel content but unhappy, does not develop freely his physical and mental energy but mortifies his body and his mind. '''The worker therefore only feels himself outside his work, and in his work feels outside himself'''.
** Estranged Labour, p. 30.

* [[Communism]]... is the genuine resolution of the antagonism between man and nature and between man and man; it is the true resolution of the conflict between existence and essence, objectification and self-affirmation, freedom and necessity, individual and species. It is the riddle of history solved and knows itself as the solution.
** Private Property and Communism, p. 43.

* The entire revolutionary movement necessarily finds both its empirical and its theoretical basis in the movement of ''private property'' – more precisely, in that of the economy. This ''material'', immediately ''perceptible'' private property is the material perceptible expression of ''estranged human'' life. Its movement – production and consumption – is the perceptible revelation of the movement of all production until now, i.e., the realisation or the reality of man. Religion, family, state, law, morality, science, art, etc., are only ''particular'' modes of production, and fall under its general law. The positive transcendence of ''private property'' as the appropriation of ''human'' life, is therefore the positive transcendence of all estrangement – that is to say, the return of man from religion, family, state, etc., to his ''human'', i.e., ''social'', existence. Religious estrangement as such occurs only in the realm of ''consciousness'', of man’s inner life, but economic estrangement is that of ''real life''; its transcendence therefore embraces both aspects. It is evident that the ''initial'' stage of the movement amongst the various peoples depends on whether the true ''recognised'' life of the people manifests itself more in consciousness or in the external world – is more ideal or real. Communism begins where atheism begins ([[Robert Owen|Owen]]), but atheism is at the outset still far from being ''communism''; indeed it is still for the most part an abstraction. The philanthropy of atheism is therefore at first only ''philosophical'', abstract philanthropy, and that of communism is at once ''real'' and directly bent on ''action''.
** Private Property and Communism

* Association, applied to land, shares the economic advantage of large-scale [[landed property]], and first brings to realization the original tendency inherent in land-division, namely, equality. In the same way association also re-establishes, now on a rational basis, no longer mediated by serfdom, overlordship and the silly mysticism of property, the intimate ties of man with the earth, since the earth ceases to be an object of huckstering, and through free labour and free enjoyment becomes once more a true [[personal property]] of man.
** Rent of Land, p. 65.

* As for large landed property, its defenders have always, [[wikt:sophistry|sophistically]], identified the economic advantages offered by large-scale agriculture with large-scale landed property, as if it were not precisely as a result of the abolition of property that this advantage, for one thing, would receive its greatest possible extension, and, for another, only then would be of social benefit.
** Rent of Land, p. 66.

* '''[[Ludwig Feuerbach|Feuerbach]] is the only one who has a serious, critical attitude to the Hegelian dialectic and who has made genuine discoveries in this field.''' He is in fact the true conqueror of the old philosophy. The extent of his achievement, and the unpretentious simplicity with which he, Feuerbach, gives it to the world, stand in striking contrast to the opposite attitude (of the others). Feuerbach’s great achievement is: (1) The proof that philosophy is nothing else but religion rendered into thought and expounded by thought, i.e., another form and manner of existence of the estrangement of the essence of man; hence equally to be condemned;(2) The establishment of true [[materialism]] and of real science, by making the social relationship of “man to man” the basic principle of the [[theory]]; (3) His opposing of the negation of the negation, which claims to be the absolute positive, the self-supporting positive, positively based on itself.
** Critique of the Hegelian Dialectic and Philosophy as a Whole, p. 64.

* ''Der Philosoph legt sich – also selbst eine abstrakte Gestalt des entfremdeten Menschen – als den Maßstab der entfremdeten Welt an.''
** The philosopher, who is himself an abstract form of alienated man, sets himself up as the measure of the alienated world.

=== ''Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844'' ===
*In order to abolish the ''idea'' of private property, the ''idea'' of communism is completely sufficient. It takes ''actual'' communist action to abolish actual private property. History will com to it; and this movement, which in ''theory'' we already know to be a self-transcending movement, will constitute '' in actual fact'' a very severe and protracted process. But we must regard it as a real advance to have gained beforehand a consciousness of the limited character a well as of the goal of this historical movement - and a consciousness which reaches out beyond it.
**p. 99, ''The Marx-Engels Reader''
*When communist ''workmen'' associate with one another, theory, propaganda, etc., is their first end. But at the same time, as a result of this association, they acquire a new need - the need for society - and what appears as a means becomes an end. You can observe this practical processing its most splendid results whenever you see French socialist workers together. Such things as smoking, drinking, eating, etc., are no longer means of contact or means that bring together. Company, association, and conversation, which again has society as its end, are enough for them; the brotherhood of man is on mere phase with them, but a fact of life, and the nobility of man shines upon us from their work-hardened bodies.
**"The Meaning of Human Requirements"
**p.99-100,''The Marx-Engels Reader''
*Private property has made us so stupid and one-sided that an object is only ''ours'' when we have it - when it exists for us as capital, or when it is directly possessed, eaten, drunk, worn, inhabited, etc., - in short, when it is ''used'' by us. Although private property itself again conceives all these direct realizations of possession as ''means of life'', and the life which they serve as means is the ''life'' of ''private property'' - labour and conversion into capital.
**p. 86, ''The Marx-Engels Reader''
*Money, then, appears as this overturning power both against the individual and against the bonds of society, etc.,which claim to be essences in themselves. It transforms fidelity into infidelity, love into hate, hate into love, virtue into vice, vice into virtue, servant into master, master into servant, idiocy into intelligence and intelligence into idiocy.
**"The Power of Money in Bourgeois Society"
**p. 105, ''The Marx-Engels Reader''
*He who can buy bravery is brace, though a coward. As money is not exchanged for anyone specific quality, for any one specific thing, or for any particular human essential power, but for the entire objective world of man and nature, from the standpoint of its possessor it therefore serves to exchange every property for every other, even contradictory, property and object: it is the fraternization of impossibilities. It makes contradictions embrace.
**p. 105, ''The Marx-Engels Reader''

*The worker becomes all the poorer the more wealth he produces, the more his production increases in power and range. The worker becomes an ever cheaper commodity the more commodities he creates. With the ''increasing value'' of the world of things proceeds in direct proportion the ''devaluation'' of the world of men. Labour produces not only commodities; it produces itself and the worker as a ''commodity'' - and does so in the proportion in which it produces commodities generally.
**p. 71, ''The Marx-Engels Reader''

*The product of labour is labour which has been congealed in an object, which has become material: it is the objectification of labour. Labour's realization is its objectification.
**p.71, ''The Marx-Engels Reader''

=== ''{{w|The German Ideology}}'' (1845/46) ===
[[File:Marxhighgate.jpg|thumb|right| The production of ideas, of conceptions, of consciousness, is at first directly interwoven with the material activity and the material intercourse of men, the language of real life.]]
:''Die Deutsche Ideologie'' by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels – [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/german-ideology/index.htm Full text online]

*Through the emancipation of private property from the community, the State has become a separate entity, beside and outside civil society; but is it nothing more than the form of organization which the bourgeois necessarily adopt both for internal and external purposes, for the mutual guarantee of their property and interests.
**Part One
**''The Marx-Engels Reader'', p. 187

*Manufacture was all the time sheltered b protective duties in the hoe market, by monopolies in the colonial market, and broad as much as possible by differential duties.
**ibid, pp. 183

*In civil law the existing property relationships are declared to be the result of the general will. The ''jus utendi et abutendi'' itself asserts on the one hand the fact that private property has become entirely independent of the community, and on the other the illusion that private property itself is based solely on the private will, the arbitrary disposal.
** ibid, pp. 188

* '''Communism is for us not a state of affairs which is to be established, an ideal to which reality [will] have to adjust itself. We call communism the real movement which abolishes the present state of things. The conditions of this movement result from the premises now in existence.'''
** Vol. I, Part 1.

* For as soon as the distribution of labour comes into being, each man has a particular exclusive sphere of activity, which is forced upon him and from which he cannot escape. He is a hunter, a fisherman, a shepherd, or a critical critic and must remain so if he does not wish to lose his means of livelihood; while '''in [[communist society]], where nobody has one exclusive sphere of activity but each can become accomplished in any branch he wishes, society regulates the general production and thus makes it possible for me to do one thing today and another tomorrow, to hunt in the morning, to fish in the afternoon, rear cattle in the evening, criticize after dinner, just as I have in mind, without ever becoming hunter, fisherman, shepherd or critic.'''
**Vol. 1, Part 1.

* '''The first premise of all human history is, of course, the existence of living human individuals. Thus the first fact to be established is the physical organisation of these individuals and their consequent relation to the rest of nature.'''
** Volume I; Part 1; "Feuerbach. Opposition of the Materialist and Idealist Outlook"; Section A, "Idealism and [[Materialism]]".

* The fact is, therefore, that '''definite individuals who are productively active in a definite way enter into these definite social and political relations. Empirical observation must in each separate instance bring out empirically, and without any mystification and speculation, the connection of the social and political structure with production.''' The social structure and the state are continually evolving out of the life-process of definite individuals, but of individuals, not as they appear in their own or other people's imagination, but as they really are; i.e. as they are effective, produce materially, and are active under definite material limits, presuppositions and conditions independent of their will. '''The production of ideas, of conceptions, of consciousness, is at first directly interwoven with the material activity and the material intercourse of men, the language of real life.''' Conceiving, thinking, the mental intercourse of men, appear at this stage as the direct efflux of their material behaviour. The same applies to mental production as expressed in the language of the politics, laws, morality, religion, metaphysics of a people. Men are the producers of their conception, ideas, etc. — real, active men, as they are conditioned by a definite development of their productive forces and of the intercourse corresponding to these, up to its furthest forms. Consciousness can never be anything else than conscious existence, and the existence of men is their actual life-process. '''If in all ideology men and their circumstances appear upside down as in a camera obscura, this phenomenon arises just as much from their historical life-process as the inversion of objects on the retina does from their physical life-process.'''

* '''Where speculation ends — in real life — there real, positive science begins: the representation of the practical activity, of the practical process of development of men. Empty talk about consciousness ceases, and real knowledge has to take place.''' When reality is depicted, philosophy as an independent branch of activity loses its medium of existence. At the best its place can only be taken by a summing-up of the most general results, abstractions which arise from the observation of the historical development of men. Viewed apart from real history, these abstractions have in themselves no value whatsoever. They can only serve to facilitate the arrangement of historical material, to indicate the sequence of its separate strata. But they by no means afford a recipe or schema, as does philosophy, for neatly trimming the epochs of history. '''On the contrary, our difficulties begin only when we set about the observation and the arrangement — the real depiction — of our historical material, whether of a past epoch or of the present.'''
** Vol. I, Part 1, [''The Materialist Conception of History''].

* '''Communism differs from all previous movements in that it overturns the basis of all earlier relations of production and intercourse, and for the first time consciously treats all natural premises as the creatures of hitherto existing men, strips them of their natural character and subjugates them to the power of the united individuals.''' Its organisation is, therefore, essentially economic, the material production of the conditions of this unity; it turns existing conditions into conditions of unity. '''The reality, which communism is creating, is precisely the true basis for rendering it impossible that anything should exist independently of individuals, insofar as reality is only a product of the preceding intercourse of individuals themselves.'''
** Vol. I, Part 4.

* ''Nicht das Bewußtsein bestimmt das Leben, sondern das Leben bestimmt das Bewußtsein.''
** It is in fact not the consciousness dominating life but the very life dominating consciousness.
** Vol. III, 27.

* ''Sprache entsteht, wie das Bewußtsein, erst aus dem Bedürfnis, der Notdurft des Verkehrs mit anderen Menschen.''
** '''Language comes into being, like consciousness, from the basic need, from the scantiest intercourse with other human.'''
** Vol. III, 30.

* Philosophy stands in the same relation to the study of the actual world as masturbation to sexual love.
** ''The German Ideology'', International Publishers, ed. Chris Arthur, p. 103.

* For each new class which puts itself in the place of one ruling before it, is compelled, merely in order to carry through its aim, to represent its interests the common interest of all the members of society, that is, sality, and represent them as the only rational, universally valid ones. The class making a revolution appears from the very start, if only because it is opposed to a class, not as a class but as the representative of the whole of society; it appears as the whole mass of society confronting the one ruling class.
**"Concerning the production of Consciousness"

*Thus, while the refugee serfs only wished to be free to develop and assert those conditions of existence which were already there, and hence, in the end, only arrived at free labour, the proletarians, if they are to assert themselves as individuals, will have to abolish the very condition of their existence hitherto (which has, moreover, been that of all society up to the present), namely, labour. Thus they find themselves directly opposed to the form in which, hitherto, the individuals, of which society consists, have given themselves collective expression, that is, the State. In order, therefore, to assert themselves as individuals, they must overthrow the State.
**"Communism. The Production of the Form of Intercourse Itself",
**''The Marx-Engels Reader''

=== ''[[The Communist Manifesto|The Manifesto of the Communist Party]]'' (1848) ===

:''Das Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei'' (1848) by Karl Marx and [[Friedrich Engels]] – [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch01.htm#060 Full text online] at the {{w|Marxists Internet Archive}}.

[[File:Tesserapcd21.jpg|thumb|right|The proletarians have nothing to lose but their [[chains]]. They have a world to win. [[w:Workers of the world, unite!|WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES, UNITE!]]]]

* '''A spectre is haunting Europe; the spectre of Communism.'''
** Preamble, paragraph 1, line 1.

* '''The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of [[class struggles]].'''
** Section 1, paragraph 1, lines 1-2.

* ''Die Bourgeoisie, wo sie zur Herrschaft gekommen, hat alle feudalen, patriarchalischen, idyllischen Verhältnisse zerstört. Sie hat die buntscheckigen Feudalbande, die den Menschen an seinen natürlichen Vorgesetzten knüpften, unbarmherzig zerrissen und kein anderes Band zwischen Mensch und Mensch übriggelassen als das nackte Interesse, als die gefühllose "bare Zahlung".''
** The [[bourgeoisie]], wherever it has got the upper hand, has put an end to all feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations. It has pitilessly torn asunder the motley of ties that bound man to his "natural superiors," and left remaining no other nexus between man and man than naked self-interest, than callous "cash payment."
*** Section 1, paragraph 14, lines 1-5.

* Constant revolutionizing of production, uninterrupted disturbance of all social conditions, everlasting uncertainty and agitation distinguish the bourgeois epoch from all earlier ones.
** Section 1, paragraph 18, lines 6-9.

* '''All that is solid melts into air''', all that is holy is profaned, and man is at last compelled to face with sober senses, his real conditions of life, and his relations with his kind.
** Section 1, paragraph 18, lines 12-14.

* A class of labourers, who live only so long as they find work, and who find work only so long as their labour increase [[capital]]. These labourers, who must sell themselves piecemeal, are a commodity, like every other article of commerce, and are consequently exposed to all the vicissitudes of competition, to all the fluctuations of the market.
** Section 1, paragraph 30, lines 3-8.

* He becomes an appendage of the machine, and it is only the most simple, most monotonous, and most easily acquired knack, that is required of him. Hence, the cost of production of a workman is restricted, almost entirely, to the means of subsistence that he requires for his maintenance, and for the propagation of his race.
** Section 1, paragraph 31, lines 3-8.

* No sooner is the [[W:Exploitation of labour|exploitation of the labourer]] by the manufacturer, so far, at an end, that he receives his [[wages]] in cash, than he is set upon by the other portions of the bourgeoisie, the landlord, the shopkeeper, the pawnbroker, etc.
** Section 1, paragraph 34.

* But every class struggle is a political struggle.
** Section 1, paragraph 39, lines 8-9.

* Of all the classes that stand face to face with the bourgeoisie today, the proletariat alone is a really revolutionary class.
** Section 1, paragraph 44, lines 1-2.

* '''Law, morality, religion, are to him so many bourgeois prejudices, behind which lurk in ambush just as many bourgeois interests.'''
** Section 1, paragraph 47, lines 7-9.

* What the bourgeoisie therefore produces, above all, are its own grave-diggers. Its fall and the victory of the proletariat are equally inevitable.
** Section 1, paragraph 53, lines 11-13.

* '''The theory of Communism may be summed up in the single sentence: Abolition of private property.'''
** Section 2, paragraph 13.

*'''Capital is a collective product''', and only by the united action of many members, nay, in the last resort, only by the united action of all members of society, can it be set in motion.
** Section 2, paragraph 18

* All that we want to do away with is the miserable character of this appropriation, under which the labourer lives merely to increase [[capital]], and allowed to live only so far as the interest to the ruling class requires it.
** Section 2, paragraph 20, lines 9-13.

* '''In bourgeois society, therefore, the past dominates the present; in Communist society, the present dominates the past. In bourgeois society capital is independent and has individuality, while the living person is dependent and has no individuality. '''
**Section 2, paragraph 22.

*You are horrified at our intending to do away with private property. But in your existing society, private property is already done away with for nine-tenths of the population; its existence for the few is solely due to its non-existence in the hands of those nine-tenths.
** Section 2, paragraph 25.

* Communism deprives no man of the power to appropriate the products of society; all that it does is to deprive him of the power to subjugate the labour of others by means of such appropriation.
** Section 2, paragraph 30.

* Just as, to the bourgeois, the disappearance of class property is the disappearance of production itself, so the disappearance of class culture is to him identical with the disappearance of all culture. That culture, the loss of which he laments, is, for the enormous majority, a mere training to act as a machine.
** Section 2, paragraph 34-35

* '''The working men have no country. We cannot take away from them what they have not got.'''
** Section 2, paragraph 51, lines 1-2.

* '''When people speak of ideas that revolutionize society, they do but express the fact that within the old society, the elements of a new one have been created, '''and that the dissolution of the old ideas keeps even pace with the dissolution of the old conditions of existence.
** Section 2, paragraph 58.

* The Communist revolution is the most radical rupture with traditional property relations; no wonder that its development involves the most radical rupture with traditional ideas.
**Section 2, paragraph 64.

* '''In place of the bourgeois society, with its classes and class antagonisms, shall we have an association, in which the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all.'''
** Section 2, paragraph 72 (last paragraph).

* In political practice, therefore, they join in all coercive measures against the working class; and in ordinary life, '''despite the high-falutin phrases, they stoop to pick up the golden apples, and to barter truth, love, and honour for traffic in wool, beet-root sugar, and potato spirits. '''
** Section 3, paragraph 9.

* The Communists disdain to conceal their views and aims. They openly declare that their ends can be attained only by the forcible overthrow of all existing social conditions. Let the ruling classes tremble at a Communistic revolution. '''The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. [[w:Workers of the world, unite!|WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES, UNITE!]]'''
** Section 4, paragraph 11 (last paragraph)
** Variant translation: '''Workers of the world, unite!'''

=== ''[[w:The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte|The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte]]'' (1852) ===
[[File:Franz Xaver Winterhalter Napoleon III.jpg|thumb|right|[[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]] remarks somewhere that all great world-historic facts and personages appear, so to speak, twice. He forgot to add: the first time as tragedy, the second time as farce.]]
: ''Der 18te Brumaire des Louis Napoleon'' – [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1852/18th-brumaire/ Full text online]. The title of this work relates the [[w:French coup of 1851|1851 coup]] of [[Napoleon III|Louis Napoleon]] to the [[w:18 Brumaire|coup of 18 Brumaire, Year VIII (9 November 1799)]] by his uncle [[Napoleon I of France|Napoleon Bonaparte]]. 

* '''[[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]] remarks somewhere that all great world-historic facts and personages appear, so to speak, twice. He forgot to add: the first time as tragedy, the second time as farce.'''
** This has been compared to [[Horace Walpole]]'s statement: "This world is a comedy to those that think, a tragedy to those that feel."
** Variant translation: '''Hegel remarks somewhere that all facts and personages of great importance in world history occur, as it were, twice. He forgot to add: the first time as a tragedy, the second time as farce.'''

* '''Men make their own history, but they do not make it as they please; they do not make it under self-selected circumstances, but under circumstances existing already, given and transmitted from the past.''' The tradition of all dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brains of the living. And just as they seem to be occupied with revolutionizing themselves and things, creating something that did not exist before, precisely in such epochs of revolutionary crisis they anxiously conjure up the spirits of the past to their service, borrowing from them names, battle slogans, and costumes in order to present this new scene in world history in time-honored disguise and borrowed language. Thus [[Martin Luther|Luther]] put on the mask of the Apostle [[Paul of Tarsus|Paul]], the Revolution of 1789-1814 draped itself alternately in the guise of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, and the Revolution of 1848 knew nothing better to do than to parody, now 1789, now the revolutionary tradition of 1793-95. '''In like manner, the beginner who has learned a new language always translates it back into his mother tongue, but he assimilates the spirit of the new language and expresses himself freely in it only when he moves in it without recalling the old and when he forgets his native tongue.''' When we think about this conjuring up of the dead of world history, a salient difference reveals itself. [[w:Camille Desmoulins|Camille Desmoulins]], [[Georges Danton|Danton]], [[Maximilien Robespierre|Robespierre]], [[Louis Antoine de Saint-Just|St. Just]], [[Napoleon I of France|Napoleon]], the heroes as well as the parties and the masses of the old French Revolution, performed the task of their time – that of unchaining and establishing modern bourgeois society – in Roman costumes and with Roman phrases.

===''{{w|Grundrisse}}'' (1857/58) ===
[[File:BWHammerSickle.jpg|thumb|right|The circulation of capital ''realizes value'', while living labour ''creates value''.]]
[[File:Lewis Hine Power house mechanic working on steam pump.jpg|thumb|right|Labour time as the measure of value posits wealth itself as founded on poverty, and disposable time as existing in and because of the antithesis to surplus labour time; or, the positing of an individual’s entire time as labour time, and his degradation therefore to mere worker, subsumption under labour. ''The most developed machinery thus forces the worker to work longer than the savage does, or than he himself did with the simplest, crudest tools.'']]
:''[[w:Grundrisse|''Grundrisse'']] der Kritik der politischen Ökonomie/Rohentwurf'' [''A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy''] (1857/58) 

* The object before us, to begin with, ''[[w:material|material]] [[w:production|production]]''.
** Introduction, p. 3, first text page, first line.

* '''The industrial peak of a people when its main concern is not yet gain, but rather to gain.'''
** Introduction, p. 7.

* Consumption is also immediately production, just as in nature the consumption of the elements and chemical substances is the production of the plant.
** Introduction, p. 10.

* '''No production without a need.''' But consumption reproduces the need.
** Introduction, p. 12.

* '''The object of art — like every other product — creates a public which is sensitive to art and enjoys beauty.'''
** Introduction, p. 12.

* The individual produces an object and, by consuming it, returns to himself, but returns as a productive and self reproducing individual. Consumption thus appears as a moment of production.
** Introduction, p. 14.

* But there is a devil of a difference between barbarians who are fit by nature to be used for anything, and civilized people who apply them selves to everything.
** Introduction, p. 25.

* What chance has [[w:Vulcan (mythology)|Vulcan]] against [[w:Roberts & Co.|Roberts & Co.]], [[w:Jupiter (mythology)|Jupiter]] against the [[w:lightning-rod|lightning-rod]] and [[w:Hermes|Hermes]] against the [[w:Pereire brothers|Credit Mobilier]]? All [[w:mythology|mythology]] overcomes and dominates and shapes the forces of nature in the [[w:imagination|imagination]] and by the imagination; it therefore vanishes with the advent of real mastery over them.
** Introduction, p. 30.

* From another side: is [[w:Achilles|Achilles]] possible with powder and lead? Or the ''[[w:Iliad|Iliad]]'' with the [[w:printing press|printing press]], not to mention the printing machine? Do not the [[w:song|song]] and [[w:saga|saga]] of the[[w: muse| muse]] necessarily come to an end with the printer's bar, hence do not the necessary conditions of[[w:epic poetry| epic poetry]] vanish?
** Introduction, p. 31.

* '''A man cannot become a child again, or he becomes childish.'''
** Introduction, p. 31.

* What's sauce for the gander is sauce for the goose.
** Introduction, p. 37.

* Supply and demand constantly determine the prices of commodities; never balance, or only coincidentally; but the cost of production, for its part, determines the oscillations of supply and demand.
** Notebook I, The Chapter on Money, p. 58.

* '''The unity is brought about ''by force''.'''
** Notebook I, The Chapter on Money, p. 70.

* Each pursues his private interest and only his private interest; and thereby serves the private interests of all, the general interest, without willing it or knowing it. The real point is not that each individual's pursuit of his private interest promotes the totality of private interests, the general interest. One could just as well deduce from this abstract phrase that each individual reciprocally blocks the assertion of the others' interests, so that, instead of a general affirmation, this war of all against all produces a general negation.
** Notebook I, The Chapter on Money, p. 76.

* ''Die Ideen existieren nicht getrennt von der Sprache.''
** '''Ideas do not exist separately from language.'''
** Notebook I, The Chapter on Money, p. 83.

* '''Money does not arise by convention, any more than the state does. It arises out of exchange, and arises naturally out of exchange; it is a product of the same.'''
** Notebook I, The Chapter on Money, p. 85.

* Money appears as ''measure'' (in Homer, e.g. oxen) earlier than as ''medium of exchange,''because in barter each commodity is still its own medium of exchange. '''But it cannot be its own or its own standard of comparison.'''
** Notebook I, The Chapter on Money, p. 93.

* '''The circulation of commodities is the original precondition of the circulation of money.'''
** Notebook I, The Chapter on Money, p. 107.

* Since labour is motion, time is its natural measure.
** Notebook I, The Chapter on Money, p. 125.

* '''Exchange value forms the substance of money, and exchange value is wealth.'''
** Notebook II, The Chapter on Money, p. 141.

* Money is therefore not only the object but also the fountainhead of greed.
** Notebook II, The Chapter on Money, p. 142.

* '''In fact of course, this 'productive' worker cares as much about the crappy shit he has to make as does the capitalist himself who employs him, and who also couldn't give a damn for the junk.'''
** Notebook II, The Chapter on Capital, p. 193.

* [[w:Surplus value|Surplus value]] is exactly equal to [[w:surplus labour|surplus labour]]; the increase of the one [is] exactly measured by the diminution of ''necessary labour''.
** Notebook III, The Chapter on Capital, p. 259.

* '''(That is it!)'''
** Notebook III, The Chapter on Capital, p. 260 (In English in the original).

* [[Capital]]s accumulate faster than the population; thus [[wages]]; thus population; thus grain prices; thus the difficulty of production and hence the ''exchange values''.
** Notebook III, The Chapter on Capital, p. 271.

* '''The devil take this wrong arithmetic.''' But never mind.
** Notebook IV, The Chapter on Capital, p. 297.

* '''An increase in the [[w:productivity|productivity]] of labour means nothing more than that the same [[capital]] creates the same value with less labour, or that less labour creates the same product with more capital.'''
** Notebook IV, The Chapter on Capital, p. 308.

*''' ''Luxury'' is the opposite of the ''naturally necessary''.'''
** Notebook V, The Chapter on Capital, p. 448.

* Although ''[[w:usury|usury]]'' is itself a form of [[w:credit|credit]] in its ''bourgeoisified'' form, the form ''adapted to capital'', in its pre-bourgeois form it is rather the ''expression of the lack of credit''.
** Notebook V, The Chapter on Capital, p. 455.

* '''The circulation of [[capital]] ''realizes value'', while living labour ''creates value''.'''
** Notebook V, The Chapter on Capital, p. 463.

* '''Something that is merely negative creates nothing.'''
** Notebook VI, The Chapter on Capital, p. 532.

* '''[[w:Money|Money]] is itself a product of [[w:circulation|circulation]].'''
** Notebook VI, The Chapter on Capital, p. 579.

* ''Die Gesellschaft besteht nicht aus Individuen, sondern drückt die Summe der Beziehungen, Verhältnisse aus, worin diese Individuen zueinander stehn.''
** Any society does not consist of individuals but expresses the sum of relationships [and] conditions that the individual actor is forming.
** ''MEW'' Vol. 42, p. 176.

* Beauty is the main positive form of the aesthetic assimilation of reality, in which aesthetic ideal finds it direct expression...
** About Beauty

* ''Die Natur baut keine Maschinen, keine Lokomotiven, Eisenbahnen, electric telegraphs, selfacting mules etc. Sie sind Produkte der menschlichen Industrie; natürliches Material, verwandelt in Organe des menschlichen Willens über die Natur oder seiner Betätigung in der Natur. Sie sind von der menschlichen Hand geschaffene Organe des menschlichen Hirns; vergegenständliche Wissenskraft. Die Entwicklung des capital fixe zeigt an, bis zu welchem Grade das allgemeine gesellschaftliche Wissen, knowledge, zur unmittelbaren Produktivkraft geworden ist und daher die Bedingungen des gesellschaftlichen Lebensprozesses selbst unter die Kontrolle des general intellect gekommen, und ihm gemäß umgeschaffen sind.''
** Nature builds no machines, no locomotives, railways, electric telegraphs, self-acting mules etc. These are products of human industry; natural material transformed into organs of the human will over nature, or of human participation in nature. They are organs of the human brain, created by the human hand; the power of knowledge, objectified. The development of [[fixed capital]] indicates to what degree general social knowledge has become a direct force of production, and to what degree, hence, the conditions of the process of social life itself have come under the control of the general intellect and been transformed in accordance with it.
** Notebook VII, The Chapter on Capital, p. 626.

* '''The development of [[fixed capital]] indicates in still another respect the degree of development of wealth generally, or of capital…''' The creation of a large quantity of disposable time apart from necessary labour time for society generally and each of its members (i.e. room for the development of the individuals’ full productive forces, hence those of society also), this creation of not-labour time appears in the stage of capital, as of all earlier ones, as not-labour time, free time, for a few. What capital adds is that it increases the surplus labour time of the mass by all the means of art and science, because its wealth consists directly in the appropriation of surplus labour time; since value directly its purpose, not use value. It is thus, despite itself, instrumental in creating the means of social disposable time, in order to reduce labour time for the whole society to a diminishing minimum, and thus to free everyone’s time for their own development. But its tendency always, on the one side, to create disposable time, on the other, to convert it into surplus labour... The mass of workers must themselves appropriate their own surplus labour. Once they have done so – and disposable time thereby ceases to have an antithetical existence – then, on one side, necessary labour time will be measured by the needs of the social individual, and, on the other, the development of the power of social production will grow so rapidly that, even though production is now calculated for the wealth of all, disposable time will grow for all. '''For real wealth is the developed productive power of all individuals. The measure of wealth is then not any longer, in any way, labour time, but rather disposable time. Labour time as the measure of value posits wealth itself as founded on poverty, and disposable time as existing in and because of the antithesis to surplus labour time; or, the positing of an individual’s entire time as labour time, and his degradation therefore to mere worker, subsumption under labour. ''The most developed machinery thus forces the worker to work longer than the savage does, or than he himself did with the simplest, crudest tools.'''''
** Notebook VII, The Chapter on Capital, pp. 628–629.

* The economic concept of [[w:value|value]] does not occur in [[w:antiquity|antiquity]].
** Notebook VII, The Chapter on Capital, p. 696.

* It might otherwise appear paradoxical that money can be replaced by worthless paper; but that the slightest alloying of its metallic content depreciates it.
** Notebook VII, The Chapter on Capital, p. 734.

* Is a fixed income not a good thing? Does not everyone love to count on a sure thing? Especially every petty-bourgeois, narrow-minded Frenchman? the 'ever needy' man?
** (Bastiat and Carey), pp. 809–810.

* '''It is impossible to persue this nonsense any further.'''
** (Bastiat and Carey), p. 813 (last text page, second last line).

=== ''Comments on the North American Events'' (1862)===
:''[http://hiaw.org/defcon6/works/1862/10/12.html Comments on the North American Events]'', ''{{w|Die Presse}}'' (12 October 1862)
[[File:Emancipation Proclamation.jpg|thumb|[[Abraham Lincoln|Lincoln]]’s [[Emancipation Proclamation|proclamation]] ... the manifesto abolishing slavery, is the most important document in American history since the establishment of the [[Union (United States)|Union]], tantamount to the tearing up of the old [[American Constitution]]. ... The {{w|new world}} has never achieved a greater triumph than by this demonstration that, given its political and social organisation, ordinary people of good will can accomplish feats which only heroes could accomplish in the {{w|old world}}!]]
* '''The [[Confederate States of America|South]] has conquered nothing — but a graveyard.'''
* Reason nevertheless prevails in world history.
* [[Abraham Lincoln|Lincoln]]’s [[Emancipation Proclamation|proclamation]] is even more important than the {{w|Maryland campaign}}. Lincoln is a ''[[Wiktionary:sui generis|sui generis]]'' figure in the annals of history. He has no initiative, no idealistic impetus, cothurnus, no historical trappings. He gives his most important actions always the most commonplace form. Other people claim to be “fighting for an idea”, when it is for them a matter of square feet of land. Lincoln, even when he is motivated by, an idea, talks about “square feet”. He sings the bravura aria of his part hesitatively, reluctantly and unwillingly, as though apologising for being compelled by circumstances “to act the lion”. The most redoubtable decrees — which will always remain remarkable historical documents-flung by him at the enemy all look like, and are intended to look like, routine summonses sent by a lawyer to the lawyer of the opposing party, legal chicaneries, involved, hidebound ''actiones juris''. '''His latest proclamation, which is drafted in the same style, the manifesto abolishing slavery, is the most important document in American history since the establishment of the [[Union (United States)|Union]], tantamount to the tearing up of the old [[American Constitution]].'''
* Lincoln’s place in the history of the United States and of mankind will, nevertheless, be next to that of [[George Washington|Washington]]!
* Lincoln is not the product of a popular revolution. This plebeian, who worked his way up from stone-breaker to Senator in Illinois, without intellectual brilliance, without a particularly outstanding character, without exceptional importance-an average person of good will, was placed at the top by the interplay of the forces of universal suffrage unaware of the great issues at stake. '''The new world has never achieved a greater triumph than by this demonstration that, given its political and social organisation, ordinary people of good will can accomplish feats which only heroes could accomplish in the old world!'''
* Hegel once observed that comedy is in act superior to tragedy and humourous reasoning superior to grandiloquent reasoning. Although Lincoln does not possess the grandiloquence of historical action, as an average man of the people he has its humour.

===''{{w|Das Kapital}}'' ''(Buch I)'' (1867)===
:''{{w|Capital, Volume I}}'' (''Capital: A Critique of Political Economy'') (1867)

* Every beginning is difficult, holds in all sciences.
** Author's prefaces to the First Edition.

* I pre-suppose, of course, a reader who is willing to learn something new and therefore to think for himself.
** Author's prefaces to the First Edition.

* The country that is more developed industrially only shows, to the less developed, the image of its own future.
** Author's prefaces to the First Edition.

*We suffer not only from the development of capitalist production, but also from the incompleteness of that development. Alongside the modern evils, we are oppressed by a whole series of inherited evils, arising from the passive survival of archaic and outmoded modes of production, with their accompanying train of anachronistic social and political relations. '''We suffer not only from the living, but from the dead.''' ''Le mort saisit le vif!''
**Preface to the First Edition, Capital Volume 1, Peinguin Classics edition 1976.

* [[w:Perseus|Perseus]] wore a magic cap that the monsters he hunted down might not see him. We draw the magic cap down over eyes and ears as a make-believe that there are no monsters.
** Author's prefaces to the First Edition.

* The most violent, mean and malignant passions of the human breast, the [[w:Furies|Furies]] of private interest.
** Author's prefaces to the First Edition.

* The commodity is first of all, an external object, a thing which through its qualities satisfies human needs of whatever kind. The nature of these needs, whether they arise, for example, from the stomach, or the imagination, makes no difference. Nor does it matter here how the thing satisfies man's need, whether directly as a means of subsistence, i.e. an object of consumption, or indirectly as a means of production
** Vol. I, Ch. 1, Section 1, pg. 41.

* To discover the various use of things is the work of history.
** Vol. I, Ch. 1, Section 1, pg. 42.

* Wherever the want of clothing forced them to it, the human race made clothes for thousands of years, without a single man becoming a tailor.
** Vol. I, Ch. 1, Section 2, pg. 49.

* Every commodity is compelled to chose some other commodity for its equivalent.
** Vol. I, Ch. 1, Section 3, pg. 65.

* Gold is now money with reference to all other commodities only because it was previously, with reference to them, a simple commodity.
** Vol. I, Ch. 1, Section 3, pg. 81.

* The whole mystery of commodities, all the magic and necromancy that surrounds the products of labor as long as they take the form of commodities, vanishes therefore, so soon as we come to other forms of production.
** Vol. I, ch.1, section 4.

* A commodity appears, at first sight, a very trivial thing, and easily understood.Its analysis shows that it is, in reality, a very queer thing, abounding in metaphysical subtleties and theological niceties.
** Vol. I, Ch. 1, Section 4, pg. 81.

* There is a physical relation between physical things. But it is different with commodities.
** Vol. I, Ch. 1, Section 4, pg. 83.

* Value, therefore, does not stalk about with a label describing what it is.
** Vol. I, Ch. 1, Section 4, pg. 85 (see [[w:Warren Buffet|Warren Buffet]]).

* The law of gravity thus asserts itself when a house falls about our ears.
** Vol. I, Ch. 1, Section 4, pg. 86.

* '''The religious world is but the reflex of the real world.'''
** Vol. I, Ch. 1, Section 4, pg. 91.

* Money is a crystal formed of necessity in the course of the exchanges, whereby different products of labour are practically equated to one another and thus by practice converted into commodities.
** Vol. I, Ch. 2, pg. 99.

* Capital is money: Capital is [[w:Commodity (Marxism)|commodities]]. In truth, however, value is here the active factor in a process, in which, while constantly assuming the form in turn of money and commodities, it at the same time changes in magnitude, differentiates itself by throwing off surplus-value from itself; the original value, in other words, expands spontaneously. For the movement, in the course of which it adds surplus-value, is its own movement, its expansion, therefore, is automatic expansion. Because it is value, it has acquired the occult quality of being able to add value to itself. It brings forth living offspring, or, at the least, lays golden eggs. Value, therefore, being the active factor in such a process, and assuming at one time the form of money, at another that of commodities, but through all these changes preserving itself and expanding, it requires some independent form, by means of which its identity may at any time be established. And this form it possesses only in the shape of money. It is under the form of money that value begins and ends, and begins again, every act of its own spontaneous generation. It began by being £100, it is now £110, and so on. But the money itself is only one of the two forms of value. Unless it takes the form of some commodity, it does not become capital. There is here no antagonism, as in the case of hoarding, between the money and commodities. The capitalist knows that all commodities, however scurvy they may look, or however badly they may smell, are in faith and in truth money, [[w:Romans 2#Circumcision|inwardly circumcised Jews]], and what is more, a wonderful means whereby out of money to make more money.
** [[Wikisource:Das Kapital Volume One|Vol. I]], pg. 107.
*** [[Slavoj Žižek]] adressed Marx's statement in his book ''[[w:The Parallax View (book)|The Parallax View]]'' (2006), [https://books.google.com/books?id=je702bo2Pl8C&pg=PA59 p. 59]: In a crisis, the underlying belief, disavowed and just practiced, in this thus directly asserted. it is crucial how, in this elevation of money to the status of the only true commoodity ("the capitalist knows that all commodities, however scurvy they may look, or however badly they may smell, are in faith and in truth money, inwardly circumcised Jews"), Marx resorts to the precise [[w:Pauline Christianity|Pauline]] definition of Christians as "inwardly circumcised Jews": Christians do not need external actual circumcision (that is, the abandonment of ordinary commodities with [[w:Use value|use-values]], dealing only with money), since they know that each of these ordinary commodities is already "inwardly circumcised," that its true substance is money.

* Under the ideal measure of values there lurks the hard cash.
** Vol. I, Ch. 3, Section 1, pg. 116.

* We see then, commodities are in love with money, but "the course of true love never did run smooth".
** Vol. I, Ch. 3, Section 2, pg. 121.

* Hence money may be dirt, although dirt is not money.
** Vol. I, Ch. 3, Section 2, pg. 123.

*Each piece of money is a mere coin, or means of circulation, only so long as it actually circulates.
** Vol. I, Ch. 3, Section 2(c), pg. 145.

* [[Capital]] is money, capital is commodities. … By virtue of it being value, it has acquired the occult ability to add value to itself. It brings forth living offspring, or, at the least, lays golden eggs.
** Vol. I, Ch. 4, pp. 171–172 

* It is in this sense that Franklin says, "war is robbery, commerce is generally cheating."
** Vol. I, Ch. 5, pg. 182 (on [[w:Benjamin Franklin|Benjamin Franklin]])

* And his money he cannot eat.
** Vol. I, Ch. 7, pg. 213.

* ''Der Weg zur Hölle ist jedoch mit guten Absichten gepflastert, und er konnte ebensogut der Absicht sein, Geld zu machen, ohne zu produzieren.''
** The way to [[w:Hell|Hell]] is paved with good intentions, and he might just as easily have intended to make money, without producing at all.
** Vol. I, Ch. 7, pg. 213.

* A spider conducts operations that resemble those of a weaver, and a bee puts to shame many an architect in the construction of her cells. But what distinguishes the worst of architects from the best of bees is this, that the architect raises his structure in imagination before he erects it in reality.
** Vol. I, Ch. 7, pg. 198.

* — man's heart is a wonderful thing, especially when carried in the purse —
** Vol. I, Ch. 9, pg. 252.

* Capital is dead labor,that vampire-like, only lives by sucking living labor, and lives the more, the more labor it sucks.
** Vol. I, Ch. 10, Section 1, p. 257.

* In every stock-jobbing swindle everyone knows that some time or other the crash must come, but every one hopes that it may fall on the head of his neighbour, after he himself has caught the shower of gold and placed it in safety.
** Vol. I, Ch. 10, Section 5, pg. 296.

* In the United States of North America, every independent movement of the workers was paralysed so long as slavery disfigured a part of the Republic. '''Labour cannot emancipate itself in the white skin where in the black it is branded.'''
** Vol. I, Ch. 10, Section 7, pg. 329.

* If this labourer were in possession of his own [[means of production]], and was satisfied to live as a labourer, he need not work beyond beyond the time necessary for the reproduction of his means of subsistence, say 8 hours a day.
** Vol. I, Ch. 11, pg. 336.

* The directing motive, the end and aim of capitalist production, is to extract the greatest possible amount of {{w|surplus value}}, and consequently to exploit labor-power to the greatest possible extent.
** Vol. I, Ch. 13, pg. 363.

* Die Technologie enthüllt das aktive Verhalten des Menschen zur Natur, den unmittelbaren Produktionsprozesss seines Lebens, damit auch seiner gesellschaftlichen Lebensverhältnisse und der ihnen entquellenden geistigen Vorstellungen.
** Technology discloses the active relation of man towards nature, as well as the direct process of production of his very life, and thereby the process of production of his basic societal relations, of his own mentality, and his images of society, too.
** Vol. I, Ch. 13: "Machinery and Big Industry".

* As the chosen people bore in their features the sign manual of [[w:Jehovah|Jehovah]], so the [[division of labour]] brands the manufacturing workman as the property of [[capital]].
** Vol. I, Ch. 14, Section 5, pg. 396.

* An organised system of machines, to which motion is communicated by the transmitting mechanism from a central automation, is the most developed form of production by machinery.
** Vol. I, Ch. 15, Section 1, pg. 416.

* '''The tool''', as we have seen, is not exterminated by the machine.
** Vol. I, Ch. 15, Section 2, pg. 422.

* In England women are still occasionally used instead of horses for hauling canal boats, because the labour required to produce horses and machines is an accurately known quantity, while that required to maintain the women of the surplus population is below all calculation.
** Vol. I, Ch. 15, Section 2, pg. 430.

* But, suppose, besides, that the making of the new machinery affords employment to a greater number of mechanics, can that be called compensation to the carpet makers, thrown on the streets?
** Vol. I, Ch. 15, Section 6, pg. 479.

* Unlimited exploitation of cheap labour-power is the sole foundation of their power to compete.
** Vol. I, Ch. 15, Section 8, pg. 520.

* Capitalist production, therefore, develops technology, and the combining together of various processes into a social whole, only by sapping the original sources of all wealth — the soil and the labourer.
** Vol. I, Ch. 15 (last sentence), pg. 556.

* In capitalist society spare time is acquired for one class by converting the whole life-time of the masses into labour-time.
** Vol. I, Ch. 17, Section IV, pg. 581.

* Classical political economy nearly touches the true relation of things, without, however,consciously formulating it. This it cannot so long as it sticks in its [[w:bourgeois|bourgeois]] skin.
** Vol. I, Ch. 19, pg. 594.

* '''If production be capitalistic in form, so, too, will be reproduction.'''
** Vol. I, Ch. 23, pg. 620.

* In reality, the labourer belongs to [[capital]] before he has sold himself to capital.
** Vol. I, Ch. 23, pg. 633.

* Accumulate, accumulate! That is [[w:Moses|Moses]] and the [[w:prophets|prophets]]!
** Vol. I, Ch. 24, Section 3, pg. 652.

* But if the labourers could live on air they could not be bought at any price.
** Vol. I, Ch. 24, Section 4, pg. 657.

* [[Capital]] grows in one place to a huge mass in a single hand, because it has in another place been lost by many. This is centralisation proper, as distinct from accumulation and concentration.
** Vol. I, Ch. 25, Section 2, pg. 686.

*In its beginnings, the credit system sneaks in as a modest helper of accumulation and draws by invisible threads the money resources scattered all over the surface of society into the hands of individual or associated capitalists. But soon it becomes a new and formidable weapon in the competitive struggle, and finally it transforms itself into an immense social mechanism for the centralisation of capitals.
** Vol. I, Ch. 25, Section 2, pg. 687.

* Of all the animals kept by the farmer, the labourer, the ''instrumentum vocale,'' was,thenceforth, the most oppressed, the worst nourished, the most brutally treated.
** Vol. I, Ch. 25, Section 4(e), pg. 742.

* The [[w:Irish famine|Irish famine]] of 1846 killed more than 1,000,000 people, but it killed poor devils only. To the wealth of the country it did not the slightest damage.
** Vol. I, Ch. 25, Section 4(f), pg. 774.

* Every one knows that there are no real forests in England.The deer in the parks of the great are demurely domestic cattle, fat as London alderman.
** Vol. I, Ch. 27, pg. 803.

* The national debt has given rise to [[w:joint stock companies|joint stock companies]], to dealings in negotiable effects of all kinds, and to [[w:agiotage|agiotage]], in a word to stock-exchange gambling and the modern [[w:bankocracy|bankocracy]].
** Vol. I, Ch. 31, pg. 827.

* A great deal of capital, which appears to-day in the United States without any certificate of birth, was yesterday, in England, the capitalised blood of children.
** Vol. I, Ch. 31, pg. 829.

* One capitalist always kills many.
** Vol. I, Ch. 32, p. 836.

*The monopoly of capital becomes a fetter upon the mode of production, which has sprung up and flourished along with, and under it. Centralisation of the means of production and socialisation of labour at last reach a point where they become incompatible with their capitalist integument. This integument is burst asunder. '''The knell of capitalist private property sounds.''' '''The''' '''expropriators are expropriated.'''
** Vol. I, Ch. 32, p. 837.

* But capitalist production begets,with the inexorability of a law of Nature,its own negation. It is the negation of negation.
** Vol. I, Ch. 32, p. 837.

=== ''{{w|Das Kapital}}'' ''(Buch II)'' (1893)===

:''{{w|Capital, Volume II}}'' (''Capital: A Critique of Political Economy'') (1893)

* Nor is it the irrationality of the form which is taken as characteristic. On the contrary, one overlooks the irrational.
** Vol. II, Ch. I, p. 30.

* So long as the product is sold, everything is taking its regular course from the standpoint of the capitalist producer.
** Vol. II, Ch. II, p. 78.

* '''The entire process seems simple and natural, i.e., possesses the naturalness of a shallow rationalism.'''
** Vol. II, Ch. III, p. 95.

* In a constantly revolving circle every point is simultaneously a point of departure and a point of return. If we interrupt the rotation, not every point of departure is a point of return.
** Vol. II, Ch. IV, p. 104.

* ''Denn der Kapitalismus ist schon in der Grundlage aufgehoben durch die Voraussetzung, daß der Genuß als treibendes Motiv wirkt, nicht die Bereicherung selbst.''
** For [[capitalism]] is abolished root and branch by the bare assumption that it is personal consumption and not enrichment that works as the compelling motive.
** Vol. II, Ch. IV, p. 123.

* A house sold by A to B does not wander from one place to another, although it circulates as a commodity.
** Vol. II, Ch. VI, p. 152.

* A circuit performed by a capital and meant to be a periodical process, not an individual act, is called its turnover. The duration of this turnover is determined by the sum of its time of production and its time of circulation.
**Volume II, Ch. VII, p. 158.

* As a beast of toil an [[w:ox|ox]] is fixed capital. If he is eaten, he no longer functions as an instrument of labour, nor as fixed capital either.
** Vol. II, Ch. VIII, p. 163.

* So far as living instruments of labour are concerned, for instance horses, their reproduction is timed by nature itself. Their average lifetime as instruments of labour is determined by the laws of nature. As soon as this term has expired they must be replaced by new ones. A horse cannot be replaced piecemeal; it must be replaced by another horse.
** Vol. II, Ch. VIII, p. 174.

* It goes without saying that the normal durability of fixed capital is calculated on the supposition that all the conditions under which it can perform its functions normally during that time are fulfilled, just as we assume, in placing a mans life at 30 years on the average,that he will wash himself.
* Volume II, Ch. VIII, p. 176-177.

* What strikes one here above all is the crudely empirical conception of profit derived from the outlook of the ordinary capitalist, which wholly contradicts the better esoteric understanding of [[w:Adam Smith|Adam Smith]].
** Vol. II, Ch. X, p. 202.

* We have just seen that, apart from money-capital, circulating capital is only another name for commodity-capital. But to the extent that [[labour power]] circulates in the market,it is not capital, no form of commodity-capital. It is not capital at all;''' the labourer is not a capitalist, although he brings a commodity to market, namely his own skin.'''
** Vol. II, Ch. X, p. 211.

* Titles of property, for instance railway shares, may change hands every day, and their owner may make a profit by their sale even in foreign countries, so that titles to property are exportable, although the railway itself is not.
** Vol. II, Ch. X, p. 215.

* Anyone wanting a new house picks one from among those built on speculation or still in process of construction. The builder no longer works for his customers but for the market.
** Vol. II, Ch. XII, p. 237.

* The capitalist cannot store labour-power in warehouses after he has bought it, as he may do with the raw material.
** Vol. II, Ch. XV, p. 285.

* In capitalist society however where social reason always asserts itself only ''[[w:post festum|post festum]]'' great disturbances may and must constantly occur.
** Vol. II, Ch. XVI, p. 319.

* But simultaneously with the development of capitalist production the credit system also develops. The money-capital which the capitalist cannot as yet employ in his own business is employed by others, who pay him interest for its use.
** Vol. II, Ch. XVII, p. 325.

* '''On the other hand one must not entertain any fantastic illusions on the productive power of the credit system, so far as it supplies or sets in motion money-capital.'''
** Vol. II, Ch. XVII, p. 351.

* The labour-power is a ''commodity'', not capital, in the hands of the labourer, and it constitutes for him a revenue so long as he can continuously repeat its sale; it functions as capital ''after'' its sale, in the hands of the capitalist, during the process of production itself.
** Vol. II, Ch. XIX, p. 384.

* It appears then, that capitalist production comprises conditions independent of good or bad will, conditions which permit the working-class to enjoy that relative prosperity only momentarily, and at that always only as the harbinger of a coming crisis.
** Vol. II, Ch. XX, p. 415.

* The aggregate capital appears as the capital stock of all individual capitalists combined. This [[w:joint stock company|joint stock company]] has in common with many other stock companies that everyone knows what he puts in, but ''not'' what he will get out of it.
** Vol. II, Ch. XX, p. 437.

* Since the working-class lives from hand to mouth,it buys as long as it has the means to buy.
** Vol. II, Ch. XX, p. 449.

* ''As the variable capital always stays in the hands of the capitalist in some form or other, it cannot be claimed in any way that it converts itself into revenue for anyone''.
** Vol. II, Ch. XX, p. 452.

* '''Capitalist production does not exist at all without foreign commerce.'''
** Vol. II, Ch. XX, p. 474 (See also...[[David Ricardo]], [[w: On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation|The Principles of Political Economy and Taxation]], Ch. VII, p. 81).

* These numerous points at which money is withdrawn from circulation and accumulated in numerous individual hoards or potential money-capitals appears as so many obstacles to circulation, because they immobilise the money and deprive it of its capacity to circulate for a certain time.
** Vol. II, Ch. XXI, p. 497.

* '''The process is so complicated that it offers ever so many occasions for running abnormally'''.
** Vol. II, Ch. XXI, p. 500.

* Long hours of labour seem to be the secret of the rational and healthful processes, which are to raise the condition of the labourer by an improvement of his mental and moral powers and to make a rational [[w:consumer|consumer]] out of him.
** Vol. II, Ch. XXI, p. 520.

=== ''[[w:Das Kapital|Das Kapital]]'' ''(Buch III)'' (1894)===
{{main|Capital, Volume III}}
:''[[w:Capital, Volume III|Capital, Volume III]]'' (''Capital: A Critique of Political Economy'') (1894)

* In a social order dominated by capitalist production even the non-capitalist producer is gripped by capitalist conceptions.
** Vol. III, Ch. I, Cost Price and Profit, p. 39.

* Since property here exists in the form of stock, its movement and transfer become purely a result of gambling on the stock exchange, where the little fish are swallowed by the sharks and the lambs by the stock exchange wolves.
** Vol. III, Ch. XXVII, The Role of Credit, p. 440.

* In short, competition has to shoulder the responsibility of explaining all the meaningless ideas of the economists, whereas it should rather be the economists who explain competition.
** Vol. III, Ch. L, Illusions Created by Competition, p. 866.

{{Disputed begin}}

== Disputed ==
* [[Democratic socialism|Democracy]] is the road to socialism.
** Attributed to Marx in recent years, including in ''Communism'' (2007) by Tom Lansford, p. 48, but the earliest occurrence of this yet located is in ''The Communist Review'' (1952) by the Communist Party of Great Britain, p. 15, where it is used to characterize the Communist agenda.

{{Disputed end}}

{{Misattributed begin}}

==Misattributed==
* The oppressed are allowed once every few years to decide which particular representatives of the oppressing class shall represent and repress them in parliament.
** Actually from ''State and Revolution'' by [[Vladimir Lenin]], paraphrasing Marx in ''The Civil War in France''.

* The rich will do anything for the poor but get off their backs.
** Attributed to [[Leo Tolstoy]] in ''Romance and Reality'' (1912) by Holbrook Jackson.

* Art is always and everywhere the secret confession, and at the same time the immortal movement of its time.
** Paraphrased and misattributed, actually from "Die Musik des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts und ihre Pflege: Methode der Musik" ("The Music of the Nineteenth Century, and its Culture") by [[w:Adolf Bernhard Marx|Adolf Bernhard Marx]]: "Die Kunst ist stets und überall das geheime Bekenntnis und unsterbliche Denkmal ihrer Zeit." ("Art is always and everywhere the secret confession as well as the undying monuments of its time.").

* Owners of capital will stimulate working class to buy more and more of expensive goods, houses and technology, pushing them to take more and more expensive credits, until their debt becomes unbearable. The unpaid debt will lead to bankruptcy of banks which will have to be nationalized and State will have to take the road which will eventually lead to communism.
** Said to be a quote from ''Das Kapital'' in an anonymous email, this attribution has been debunked at [http://www.snopes.com/politics/quotes/consumerdebt.asp ''Snopes.com''] with the [http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/12/18/do-bailouts-encourage-ponzi-schemes/#comment-24005 earliest occurrence found being a post by Gpkkid on 23 December 2008]; it was used as a basis of a satirical article [http://www.newsmutiny.com/pages/Communist_Reeducation.html "Americans to Undergo Preschool Reeducation in Advance of Country’s Conversion to Communism" at ''NewsMutiny''], but the [http://www.clockbackward.com/2009/02/04/did-karl-marx-predict-financial-collapse/ author of article on the satiric website says that he is not author of the quote]
* We will hang the capitalists with the rope that they sell us.
**Often attributed to [[Lenin]] or [[Stalin]], less often to Marx. According to the book, "They Never Said It", p. 64, the phrase derives from a rumour that [[Lenin]] said this to one of his close associates, Grigori Zinoviev, not long after a meeting of the Politburo in the early 1920s, but there is no evidence that he ever did. Experts on the Soviet Union reject the rope quote as spurious.
* If we were to hang the last capitalist, another would appear to sell us the rope.
**A variant of the above misquote, sometimes also attributed to Lenin. This gained popularity during the ''glasnost'' era when black market activity was at its most visible in the USSR; meant to show the profit motive was human nature and cannot be eradicated.
* Surround yourself with people who make you happy. People who make you laugh, who help you when you’re in need. People who genuinely care. They are the ones worth keeping in your life. Everyone else is just passing through.
** Attributed to Karl Marx, a composer with the same name.
* Catch a man a fish, and you can sell it to him. Teach a man to fish, and you ruin a wonderful business opportunity.
** Attributed to Marx (possibly in jest) in ''W. C. Privy's Original Bathroom Companion'' (2003).

{{Misattributed end}}

== Quotes about Marx ==
:Alphabetized by author 
[[File:Marx+Family and Engels.jpg|thumb|right| To get to know and love the heart that beat within the breast of Marx the scholar you had to see him when he had closed his books and notebooks and was surrounded by his family… ~ [[w:Paul Lafargue|Paul Lafargue]] ]]
[[File:Marx1869.jpg|thumb|right| Children should educate their parents.]]
[[File:Marx monument karlsbad.jpg|thumb|right|I began to read ''[[w:Das Capital|Capital]]'', just as one reads any book, to see what was in it; I found a great deal that neither its followers nor its opponents had prepared me to expect. ~ [[Joan Robinson]] ]]

* One cannot discuss a socialism which has built an enormous industry by reducing the standard of living of the masses and a capitalism which has raised the standard of living, reduced working hours, and permitted the consolidation of labor unions, as if there were the same realities that Marx considered a century ago or that he anticipated according to a system which has since been refuted by events.
** [[Raymond Aron]] (1955, 2000). The Opium of the Intellectuals. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers. p. 337.

* As far as learning was concerned, Marx was, and still is, incomparably more advanced than I. I knew nothing at that time of political economy, I had not yet rid myself of my metaphysical observations... He called me a sentimental idealist and he was right; I called him a vain man, perfidious and crafty, and I also was right.
** [[Mikhail Bakunin]], on meeting Marx in 1844, as quoted in Brian Morris, ''Bakunin: The Philosophy of Freedom'', 1993, p. 14.

* Much if not all we know about the complex mechanism responsible for the development (and stagnation) of productive forces, and for the rise and decay of social organizations, is the result of the analytical work undertaken by Marx and by those whom he inspired.
** [[Paul A. Baran]], ''The Political Economy Of Growth'' (1957), Chapter One, A General View, p. 5

* The strength of Marx is precisely that he shared the feelings of the downtrodden, that the prejudice of equality was in his very fiber, joined to the ambition and jealousy of power, which made him ready to destroy the present moral order in the name of a higher which he saw.
** [[Jacques Barzun]], ''Darwin, Marx, Wagner: Critique of a Heritage'' (1941)

* The power of Marx’s diagnosis of modern times is not equalled by his prognosis. Marx shows a fundamental weakness in his attraction to populism, the image of two fundamental working classes, especially early. He installs the proletariat as the motor of history, an imputation which the proletariat never quite understands correctly. His sense of the permanent revolution of capital spills over into the telos of guaranteed socialism, which it never is. He was a powerful critic of capitalism as modernity, who understood the centrality of capital as a relation and as a self-naturalizing illusion. He was a dreamer. His intellectual origins were before modernity, but the scope of his vision was beyond it. His legacy is best imagined as what Ernst Bloch called the warm stream of marxism. Was he an original? Yes, and no. The power of Marx’s work lies in the brilliant synthesis that he generated from the work of others, working within on the critical horizons of both the streams we conventionally separate as Enlightenment and Romanticism. Perhaps, in our own times, the fate of his thought is to return to the cultures from which it was initially created, as avant-garde returns, finally, to the mainstream.
** Peter Beilharz, "The Marxist Legacy", in ''Routledge International Handbook of Contemporary Social and Political Theory'' (2011) edited by Gerard Delanty and Stephen P. Turner

* Karl Marx took up the rallying call [of 19th Century progress], and applied his incisive language and intellect to the task of launching this major new and, as he thought, definitive step in history towards salvation—towards what [[Kant]] had described as the “[[Kingdom of God]]”. Once the truth of the hereafter had been rejected, it would then be a question of establishing the truth of the here and now. The critique of Heaven is transformed into the critique of earth, the critique of theology into the critique of politics. Progress towards the better, towards the definitively good world, no longer comes simply from science but from politics—from a scientifically conceived politics that recognizes the structure of history and society and thus points out the road towards revolution, towards all-encompassing change.
** [[Pope Benedict XVI]], ''[[w:Spe Salvi|Spe Salvi]]'' (2007), paragraphs 20–21.

* Marx not only omitted to work out how this new world would be organized—which should, of course, have been unnecessary. His silence on this matter follows logically from his chosen approach. His error lay deeper. He forgot that man always remains man. He forgot man and he forgot man's freedom. He forgot that freedom always remains also freedom for evil. He thought that once the economy had been put right, everything would automatically be put right. His real error is [[materialism]]: man, in fact, is not merely the product of economic conditions, and it is not possible to redeem him purely from the outside by creating a favourable economic environment.
** [[Pope Benedict XVI]], ''[[w:Spe Salvi|Spe Salvi]]'' (2007), paragraphs 20–21.

* The class struggle, which is always present to a historian influenced by Marx, is a fight for the crude and material things without which no refined and spiritual things could exist. Nevertheless, it is not in the form of the spoils which fall to the victor that the latter make their presence felt in the class struggle. They manifest themselves in this struggle as courage, humor, cunning, and fortitude. They have retroactive force and will constantly call in question every victory, past and present, of the rulers. As flowers turn toward the sun, by dint of a secret heliotropism the past strives to turn toward that sun which is rising in the sky of history. A {{w|historical materialist}} must be aware of this most inconspicuous of all transformations.
** [[Walter Benjamin]] (1940). “On the Concept of History”

* Well I came across Marx rather late in life actually, and when I read him, two things: first of all I realised that he'd come to the conclusion about capitalism which I'd come to much later, and I was a bit angry he'd thought of it first; and secondly, I see Marx who was an old Jew, as the last of the Old Testament Prophets, this old bearded man working in the British Library, studying capitalism, that's what 'Das Kapital' was about, it was an explanation of British capitalism. And I thought to myself, 'Well anyone could write a book like that, but what infuses, what comes out of his writing, is the passionate hostility to the [[injustice]] of capitalism. He was a Prophet, and so I put him in that category as an Old Testament Prophet.
** [[Tony Benn]], in an interview with John Cleary (23 February 2003).

*The intellectual contribution made by Marx to the development of socialism was an d remains absolutely unique. But Marx was much more than a philosopher. His influence in moving people all over the world to social action ranks him with the founders of the world's greatest faiths. And, like the founders of other faiths, what Marx and others inspired has given millions of people hope, as well as the courage to face persecution and imprisonment.
** [[Tony Benn]], "Democracy and Marxism"
* Marx's third volume [of Capital] contradicts the first. The theory of the average rate of profit and of the prices of production cannot be reconciled with the theory of value. This is the impression which must, I believe, be received by every logical thinker.
** {{w|Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk}} (1896) Karl Marx and the Close of His System

* As there was a Socialism before Marx, so there will be one after him.
** [[w:Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk|Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk]] (1896) Karl Marx and the Close of His System

* The great test [of history] has been decidedly against Marx and his theories of value and [[w:surplus value|surplus value]].
** {{w|Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk}}, ''Recent Literature on Interest'' (1903), London, MacMillan & Co, p. 126.

* Across the world academics still clung to the words and ideas of Marx and [[Friedrich Engels|Engels]] and even [[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]]. Fools. There were even those who said that Communism had been tried in the wrong country; that Russia had been too far backward to make those wonderful ideas work.
** [[Tom Clancy]], as quoted in ''[[Rainbow Six (novel)|Rainbow Six]]'' (1998), by T.L. Clancy, p. 515.

* In the [[w:NKVD|NKVD]] as it was now [in 1936], [[w:Stalin|Stalin]] had a powerful and experienced instrument. At its head stood [[‪w:Genrikh Yagoda‬|Yagoda]]. His deputy in security matters was Stalin’s crony [[‪w:Yakov Agranov‬|Agranov]], who had finished his special operations at [[w:Leningrad|Leningrad]] and handed over that city to the dreadful Sakovsky, who is said to have boasted that if he had Karl Marx to interrogate he would soon make him confess that he was agent of [[Otto von Bismark|Bismark]].
** [[Robert Conquest]] (1990, 2000), The Great Terror: A Reassessment (40th Anniversary Edition) Oxford University Press p. 81.

* Marxism does not have, and does not even pretend to have, any mechanism to explain the internal development of the social system it describes as “Asiatic.” In these areas of traditionalist [[despotism]], under which the larger part of the world’s population lived for thousands of years, Marx quite explicitly and admittedly found no class conflict, in the absence of opposing groups categorized as economic classes. (Change only came, as he puts in, when Western culture bursts in on them: an unconscious illustration of Marx’s Eurocentrism).
** [[Robert Conquest]] (2000). Reflections of a Ravaged Century, NY:Norton, pp. 47-48

* Marxism is already a spiritual (not a religious) teaching aiming at the betterment of society. That is not to say it is a perfect blueprint for a truly spiritual society... It should not be forgotten that Marx was (and of course is) a disciple of the [[Masters of Wisdom|Master]] Jesus Who inspired him.
** [[Benjamin Creme]] in [http://www.share-international.org/archives/political/faq_political-issues.htm Political issues - FAQ, ''Share International'']

[[File:Karl Marx bust -Highgate Cemetery, London, England-25May2009.jpg|thumb|right| Men can see nothing around them that is not their own image; everything speaks to them of themselves. Their very landscape is alive. ~ Attributed to Marx by [[Guy Debord]]]]

[[File:CheHigh.jpg|thumb|right|The merit of Marx is that he suddenly produces a qualitative change in the history of social thought … he expresses a revolutionary concept: the world must not only be interpreted, it must be transformed. ~ [[Che Guevara]]]]

* Kierkegaard would call Marx’s outlook on religion a “demonic religiousness.”
** Controversial Kierkegaard by Gregor Malantschuk 1976, 1980 P. 25

*But in spite of the shortcomings of his analysis, Marx had raised some basic questions. I was deeply concerned from my early teen days about the gulf between superfluous wealth and abject poverty, and my reading of Marx made me ever more conscious of this gulf. Although modern American capitalism had greatly reduced the gap through social reforms, there was still need for a better distribution of wealth. Moreover, Marx had revealed the danger of the profit motive as the sole basis of an economic system: capitalism is always in danger of inspiring men to be more concerned about making a living than making a life. We are prone to judge success by the index of our salaries or the size of our automobiles, rather than by the quality of our service and relationship to humanity -- thus capitalism can lead to a practical materialism that is as pernicious as the materialism taught by communism.
**[[Martin Luther King]]. ''Fellowship Magazine'' September 1958

* At the opposite pole from such imbecilities, the primarily urban character of the dérive, in its element in the great industrially transformed cities — those centers of possibilities and meanings — could be expressed in Marx’s phrase: "'''Men can see nothing around them that is not their own image; everything speaks to them of themselves. Their very landscape is alive.'''"
** [[Guy Debord]], ''Theory of the Dérive'' (1958); this attribution by Debord is widely cited (without reference) but seems not to be in any of Marx's authenticated writings. 

* In my view, Marx has trapped himself. He has been primed to expect a deeper layer of real reality underneath mere appearances. And he has chosen the wrong model of the underlying real reality--the labor theory of value, which is simply not a very good model of the averages around which prices fluctuate. Socially-necessary labor power usually serves as an upper bound to value--if something sells for more, then a lot of people are going to start making more of them, and the prices at which it trades are going to fall. But lots of things sell for much less than the prices corresponding to their socially-necessary labor power lots of the time. And so Marx vanishes into the swamp which is the attempt to reconcile the labor theory of value with economic reality, and never comes out.
** [[J. Bradford DeLong]], "[https://delong.typepad.com/20090420_stanford-talk_karl-marx.pdf Understanding Karl Marx]" (April 20, 2009)

* Philosophers in the idealist tradition may be more likely to put forward a determined end to history, for the tradition does not emphasize action in the real world as the empirical tradition does. Experience is the great relativizer and compromiser. Thus, Marx believed he had turned Hegel on his head by emphasizing matter rather than spirit. Marx did not hold that he had abandoned the form of Hegel’s thought, which, in turn, Hegel received in considerable part from Kant.
** [[Alan Ebenstein]], ''Hayek's Journey: The Mind of Friedrich Hayek'' (2003), Ch. 2. German and Viennese Intellectual Thought

* [[Friedrich Hayek|Hayek]] had high regard for Marx in technical economic theory and considered him a predecessor in his business cycle theory. [...] It was not in technical economic theory that the classical Austrians disagreed with Marx. So towering a figure in history is Marx that discussion of his thought in summary form is always difficult, for there is so much that he said and that others have said about him. At the same time, so tendentious, ill-spirited, and just plain wrong a thinker was Marx that it is surprising that he may have had some of the influence attributed to him. Hayek’s opposition to Marx was in the realm of practical political emanations from Marx’s thought. Here he considered Marx’s influence to have been wholly pernicious.
** [[Alan Ebenstein]], ''Hayek's Journey: The Mind of Friedrich Hayek'' (2003), Ch. 12. Marx, Mill and Freud

* Never have I met a man [Karl Marx] of such offensive, insupportable arrogance. No opinion which differed essentially from his own was accorded the honor of even a half-way respectful consideration. Everyone who disagreed with him was treated with scarcely veiled contempt. He answered all arguments which displeased him with a biting scorn for the pitiable ignorance of those who advanced them, or with a libellous questioning of their motives. I still remember the cutting, scornful tone with which he uttered – I might almost say ‘spat’ – the word ‘bourgeois’; and he denounced as ‘bourgeois’ – that is to say as an unmistakable example of the lowest moral and spiritual stagnation – everyone who dared to oppose his opinion.
** As quoted by [[Carl Schurz]] in ''Karl Marx: The Red Prussian'', Leopold Schwartzschild, New York: NY, The Universal Library, Grosset & Dunlap (1947) p. 200

* '''I'm not competent to judge. But no doubt he was a great man.'''
** [[Paul Erdős]], in response to a question by an agent of the US Immigration and Naturalization Service in 1954 as to what he thought of Marx, often cited as an indication of his detachment from political sensibilities and the situations of the [[w:McCarthyism|McCarthy era]]. He was afterwards denied a return visa for re-entering the US until 1959, after attending the International Congress of Mathematicians in Amsterdam; as quoted in ''[[w:The Man Who Loved Only Numbers|The Man Who Loved Only Numbers : The Story of Paul Erdős and the Search for Mathematical Truth]]'' (1998) by [[w:Paul Hoffman (science writer)|Paul Hoffman]], p. 128.

* It is of course not sufficient to appeal to the authority of Marx, Hegel, or any of their contemporaries follower to establish the validity of the direction of History. In the century and a half since they wrote, their intellectual legacy has been relentlessly assaulted from all directions. The most profound thinkers of the twentieth century have directly attacked the idea that history is a coherent of intelligible process; indeed, they have denied the possibility that any aspect of human life is philosophically intelligible.
** [[Francis Fukuyama]] (1992). The End of History and the Last Man. NY:Free Press.

* '''Marx profoundly affected those who did not accept his system. His influence extended to those who least supposed they were subject to it.'''
** [[John Kenneth Galbraith]], in [[w:The Affluent Society|The Affluent Society]], Ch. 6, Sect. III, p. 63.

* If we agree that the [[w:Bible|Bible]] is a work of collective authorship, only [[w:Mohammed|Mohammed]] rivals Marx in the number of professed and devoted followers recruited by a single author. And the competition is not really very close. The followers of Marx far outnumber the sons of the [[w:Prophet|Prophet]].
** [[John Kenneth Galbraith]], in ''[[w:The Age of Uncertainty|The Age Of Uncertainty]]'', Ch. 3, p. 77.

* '''The merit of Marx is that he suddenly produces a qualitative change in the history of [[social thought]].''' He interprets history, understands its dynamic, predicts the future, but in addition to predicting it (which would satisfy his scientific obligation), '''he expresses a revolutionary concept: the world must not only be interpreted, it must be transformed.''' Man ceases to be the slave and tool of his environment and converts himself into the architect of his own destiny.
** [[Che Guevara]], ''[http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1960/10/08.htm Notes for the Study of the Ideology of the Cuban Revolution]'', 1960.

*We, practical revolutionaries, initiating our own struggle, simply fulfill laws foreseen by Marx, the scientist. We are simply adjusting ourselves to the predictions of the scientific Marx as we travel this road of rebellion, struggling against the old structure of power, supporting ourselves in the people for the destruction of this structure, and having the happiness of this people as the basis of our struggle.
** [[Che Guevara]], ''[http://www.marxists.org/archive/guevara/1960/10/08.htm Notes for the Study of the Ideology of the Cuban Revolution]'', 1960.

* Whatever the influence of Mill may be, Marxian economics is still today attempting to explain highly complex orders of interaction in terms of single causal effects like mechanical phenomena rather than as prototypes of those self-ordering processes which give us access to the explanation of highly complex phenomena. It deserves mention however that, as Joachim Reig has pointed out (in his Introduction to the Spanish translation of E. von Bohm-Bawerk's essay on Marx's theory of exploitation (1976)), it would seem that after learning of the works of Jevons and Menger, Karl Marx himself completely abandoned further work on capital. If so, his followers were evidently not so wise as he.
** [[Friedrich Hayek]], ''The Fatal Conceit'' (1988), Appendix B: The Complexity of Problems of Human Interaction

* Karl Marx exposed the peculiar dynamics of capitalism, or what he called “the bourgeois mode of production.” He foresaw that capitalism had built within it the seeds of its own destruction. He knew that reigning ideologies—think [[neoliberalism]]—were created to serve the interests of the elites and in particular the economic elites, since “the class which has the means of material production at its disposal, has control at the same time over the means of mental production” and “the ruling ideas are nothing more than the ideal expression of the dominant material relationships … the relationships which make one class the ruling one.” He saw that there would come a day when capitalism would exhaust its potential and collapse. He did not know when that day would come. Marx, as Meghnad Desai wrote, was “an astronomer of history, not an astrologer.” Marx was keenly aware of capitalism’s ability to innovate and adapt. But he also knew that capitalist expansion was not eternally sustainable. And as we witness the denouement of capitalism and the disintegration of globalism, Karl Marx is vindicated as capitalism’s most prescient and important critic.
** [[Chris Hedges]], "[https://www.truthdig.com/articles/karl-marx-was-right-2/ Karl Marx Was Right]" ''{{w|Truthdig}}'', (1 June 2015).

* But had Marx not lived there would have been other socialists and other prophets of a new society.
** [[Robert Heilbroner]], in [[w:The Worldly Philosophers|The Worldly Philosophers]], Ch. 6, p. 131.

* '''Marx did not call for an opposition to the forces of history. On the contrary he accepted all of them, the drive of technology, the revolutionizing effects of democratic striving, even the vagaries of capitalism, as being indeed the carriers of a brighter future.'''
** [[Robert Heilbroner]], in ''The Future As History'', Ch. I, Part 8, p. 41.

* Try to imagine [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau|Rousseau]], [[Voltaire]], [[Baron d'Holbach|Holbach]], [[Gotthold Ephraim Lessing|Lessing]], [[Heinrich Heine|Heine]] and [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]] all rolled into one — truly united so as to make a unified whole and you will get an idea of Marx's makeup.
** [[Moses Hess]], as quoted in ''The Western Socialist'', Volumes 14-16 (1947).

* [I]nternational Marxism is nothing but the application--effected by the Jew, Karl Marx--of a general conception of life to a definite profession of political faith; but in reality that general concept had existed long before the time of Karl Marx. If it had not already existed as a widely diffused infection the amazing political progress of the Marxist teaching would never have been possible. In reality what distinguished Karl Marx from the millions who were affected in the same way was that, in a world already in a state of gradual decomposition, he used his keen powers of prognosis to detect the essential poisons, so as to extract them and concentrate them, with the art of a [[necromancer]], in a solution which would bring about the rapid destruction of the independent nations on the globe. But all this was done in the service of his race.
** [[Adolf Hitler]] (1925-26). ''[[Mein Kampf]]'' (James Murphy translation, 1946).

* [I]t is quite enough that the scientific knowledge of the danger of Judaism is gradually deepened and that every individual on the basis of this knowledge begins to eliminate the Jew within himself, and I am very much afraid that this beautiful thought originates from none other than a Jew [i.e., Karl Marx].
** [[Adolf Hitler]], as quoted in [[w:Julius Carlebach|Julius Carlebach]] (1984) ''Karl Marx and the Radical Critique of Judaism'', Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|0197100317}}, pp. 355-356.

* '''God is dead. Marx is dead. And I don’t feel so well myself.'''
** [[Eugène Ionesco]], as quoted in ''Jewish American Literature : A Norton Anthology'' (2000) by Jules Chametzky, "Jewish Humor", p. 318.

*'''I met Marx, Lenin, Trotsky, Engels, and Mao when I entered prison and they redeemed me.'''
** [[w:George Jackson (Black Panther)|George Jackson]] (1994). ''Soledad Brother: The Prison Letters of George Jackson'', p. 16.

* Marxism was the deep structure of European radical thought. More than he realized, Marx himself synthesized many early nineteenth-century trends in social criticism and economic theory: he was, for example, both an exemplary French political pamphleteer and a minor commentator on classical British economics. And thus, this German student of Hegelian metaphysics bequeathed to the European Left the only version of its own heritage compatible with local traditions of radical anger and offering a story that could transcend them.
** [[Tony Judt]], in Tony Judt and Timothy Snyder, ''Thinking the twentieth century'' (2012), Ch. 3: Familial Socialism: Political Marxist

* If only this capitalistic New York newspaper had treated him more kindly, if only Marx had remained a foreign correspondent, history might have been different.
**[[John F. Kennedy]], in an address before the American Newspaper Publishers Association (27 April 1961).

* Engels was always sending Marx money; when he finally retired from the family firm, he made Marx an annuity of £350—several times more than the average family lived on but not enough for Marx, who always adjusted his spending to a level above what his benefactors supplied.
** {{w|Roger Kimball}}, "The Death of Socialism," ''New Criterion'', April 2002.

* '''''All'' of Marx’s major predictions have turned out to be wrong.''' He said that societies based on a market economy would suffer spiraling class polarization and the disappearance of the middle class. Every society lucky enough to enjoy the fruits of a market economy shows that Marx was wrong about that. He predicted the growing immiseration and impoverishment of the working class in capitalist societies. (Actually, he didn’t merely predict that it would happen, he predicted that it would happen necessarily and inevitably—thanks, [[Hegel]]!) The opposite has happened. '''Indeed, as [[w:Leszek Kolakowski|Kolakowski]] notes, “in the second edition of ''Capital'' Marx updated various statistics and figures, but not those relating to workers’ [[wages]]; those figures, if updated, would have contradicted his theory'''.”
** {{w|Roger Kimball}}, "Leszek Kolakowski & the anatomy of totalitarianism," ''New Criterion'' June 2005.

* In the sense used by Marx and Engels, the concept of ideology was intended to mean forms of {{w|social consciousness}} which prevent people from realising that their thinking about the world is determined by some conditions which do not depend on them and which are not themselves ingredients of consciousness. In ideological thinking, people imagine that the logic of thinking itself rules their consciousness and they are organically incapable of being aware of the social situations and of the interests which mould their mental work. This concept of ideology as false consciousness or as thinking that cannot be aware of its own sources may indeed be useful […] The defect of the concept, however, is that we never have criteria for stating that a certain theory or doctrine does not fall under the concept, even as far as natural science is concerned; nor may we ever be certain that a criticism of ideology is not itself ideological. No conceivable means are available for stating that Capital is not an ideology in this sense. Certainly, Marx maintained (not only in his famous letter to Ruge, but in The Poverty of Philosophy as well […]) that his own theoretical work was to express the real historical movement, i.e. that he was aware of the social sources of his own thinking and that he was in this sense himself free from ideology; however, there is no way of finding out beyond doubt that Marx or that anybody who conceives his own thinking as an "expression" of a certain historical process is not deluding himself about the meaning of his own self-consciousness.
** [[Leszek Kołakowski]], “Althusser’s Marx”, ''Socialist Register'' 1971, pp. 111-127.

* Neither Marx nor Engels ever clearly defined the concept of class, and the last chapter of [[w:Capital, Volume III|Volume III of ''Capital'']], which was to treat this question, breaks off after three or four paragraphs.
** [[Leszek Kołakowski]] (1978). ''Main Currents of Marxism, Vol I: The Founders'', Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 353.

* Almost all the prophecies of Marx and his followers have already proved to be false, but this does not disturb the spiritual certainty of the faithful, any more than it did in the case of chiliastic sects.
** [[Leszek Kołakowski]], as quoted by Roger Kimball, "Leszek Kolakowski & the anatomy of totalitarianism," ''New Criterion'' June 2005.

* To get to know and love the heart that beat within the breast of Marx the scholar you had to see him when he had closed his books and notebooks and was surrounded by his family, or again on Sunday evenings in the society of his friends. He then proved the pleasantest of company, full of wit and humour, with a laugh that came straight from the heart. His black eyes under the arches of his bushy brews sparkled with pleasure and malice whenever he heard a witty saying or a pertinent repartee. He was a loving, gentle and indulgent father. “'''Children should educate their parents''',” he used to say. There was never even a trace of the bossy parent in his relations with his daughters, whose love for him was extraordinary. He never gave them an order, but asked them to do what he wished as a favour or made them feel that they should not do what he wanted to forbid them. And yet a father could seldom have had more docile children than he. His daughters considered him as their friend and treated him as a companion; they did not call him “father”, but “Moor” — a nickname that he owed to his dark complexion and jet-black hair and beard.
** [[Paul Lafargue]], Marx's son-in-law, in [http://www.marxists.org/archive/lafargue/1890/xx/marx.htm ''Reminiscences of Marx'' (September 1890)]

* At bottom, the main passion by which he was moved was the passion for [[justice]]. He may have hated too strongly, he was jealous, and he was proud. But the mainspring of his life was the desire to take from the shoulders of the people the burden by which it was oppressed. He realized that what, in all varieties of time and place, has caused the downfall of a governing class, has never been some accidental or superficial event. The real cause of revolution is the unworthiness of those who controlled the destinies of a people. Indifference to suffering, selfishness, lack of moral elevation, it was for those defects that he indicted the class from which he sprang. He transformed the fears of the workers into hopes, he translated their effort from interest in political mechanisms to interest in social foundations. He did not trust in the working of laws, he sought always for the spirit that lay behind the order of which they were the expression. He was often wrong, he was rarely generous, he was always bitter; yet when the roll of those to whom the emancipation of the people is due comes to be called, few will have a more honourable, and none a more eminent place.
** [[Harold Laski]], ''Karl Marx: An Essay'' (1922)

* The natural scientist must be a modern materialist, a conscious adherent of the [[materialism]] represented by Marx, i.e., he must be a {{w|dialectical materialist}}.
** [[Vladimir Lenin]], ''Collected Works'', Progress Publishers, Moscow, Volume 33, pp. 227-236.

* The measures adopted by the [[w:Paris Commune|Commune]] and emphasized by Marx are particularly noteworthy, ''viz''., the abolition of ''all'' representation allowances, and of all monetary privileges in the case of officials, the reduction of the remuneration of all servants of the state to the level of “''workmen’s [[wages]]''.” This shows more clearly than anything else the turn from bourgeois democracy, from the democracy of the oppressors to the democracy of the oppressed classes, from the state as a “special force” for the suppression of a given class to the suppression of the oppressors by the general force of the majority of the people—the workers, and the peasants. And it is precisely on this most striking point, perhaps the most important as far as the problem of the state is concerned, that the teachings of Marx have been most completely forgotten.
** [[Vladimir Lenin]], ''The State and Revolution'' (1917), in ''Essential Works of Lenin'' (1966), pp. 301-302.

* It is impossible to understand Marx's ''Capital'', and especially its first chapter, without first having thoroughly studied and understood the whole of Hegel's ''Logic''. Consequently, half a century later, none of the Marxists has understood Marx!
** [[Vladimir Lenin]], As quoted by [[w:Stephen Hicks|Stephen Hicks]] (2007). Explaining Postmodernism: Socialism and Skepticism from Rousseau to Foucault, Tempe, AZ: Scholargy Press, p. 126.

* At times my heart delights in thinking of you and your future. And yet at times I cannot rid myself of ideas which arouse in me sad forebodings and fear when I am struck as if by lightning by the thought: is your heart in accord with your head, your talents? Has it room for the earthly but gentler sentiments which in this vale of sorrow are so essentially consoling for a man of feeling? '''And since that heart is obviously animated and governed by a demon not granted to all men, is that demon heavenly or Faustian? Will you ever -- and that is not the least painful doubt of my heart -- will you ever be capable of truly human, domestic happiness?''' Will -- and this doubt has no less tortured me recently since I have come to love a certain person [Marx's then-fiancee, Jenny von Westfalen] like my own child -- will you ever be capable of imparting happiness to those immediately around you?
** [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/letters/papa/1837-fl2.htm Letter] from [[w:Heinrich Marx|Heinrich Marx]] to his son Karl (2 March 1837)

[[File:Merquior.jpg|thumb|right|Marx the revolutionary shared also with his century, as we have seen, the unholy alliance between [[w:Positivism|positivism]] and [[w:eschatology|eschatology]]. There are worse ways of grasping the philosophical gist of Marxism. ~ [[w:José Guilherme Merquior|J.G. Merquior]] ]]
[[File:Giuseppe_Mazzini.jpg|thumb|right|[Marx is] a destructive spirit whose heart was filled with hatred rather than love of mankind. ~ [[w:Giuseppe Mazzini|Giuseppe Mazzini]] ]]
[[File:Hegel portrait by Schlesinger 1831.jpg|thumb|right|Like Hegel, Marx was a prophet communicating to the people the revelation that an inner voice had imparted to him. ~ [[w:Ludwig von Mises|Ludwig von Mises]] ]]
* [Marx is] a destructive spirit whose heart was filled with hatred rather than love of mankind. [Marx is] extraordinarily sly, shifty and taciturn. Marx is very jealous of his authority as leader of the Party; against his political rivals and opponents he is vindictive and implacable; he does not rest until he has beaten them down; his overriding characteristic is boundless ambition and thirst for power. '''Despite the communist egalitarianism which he preaches he is the absolute ruler of his party, admittedly he does everything himself but he is also the only one to give orders and he tolerates no opposition.'''
** [[Giuseppe Mazzini]] (1805-72), as quoted in Fritz Raddatz (1975, 1978) ''Marx: A Political Biography''; Boston: Little, Brown; p. 66.

* I enrage my friends on the right by stating the obvious, that Marx was the greatest social scientist of the 19th century, without compare. But then I enrage my friends on the left by adding, which is my point here, that he was nonetheless mistaken on almost every point of economics and of history.
** {{w|Deirdre McCloskey}}, "[http://www.aei.org/spotlight/human-flourishing-marx/ Economic Liberty as Anti-Flourishing: Marx and Especially His Followers]" (2016)

* [B]esides sharing with the pessimist [[w:David Ricardo|Ricardo]] the historicization of the economy, by dint of categories such as scarcity and production as well as the {{w|labor theory of value}}, Marx the revolutionary shared also with his century, as we have seen, the unholy alliance between [[w:Positivism|positivism]] and [[w:eschatology|eschatology]]. There are worse ways of grasping the philosophical gist of Marxism. 
** [[José Guilherme Merquior]] (1985). Foucault ([[w:Fontana Modern Masters series|Fontant Modern Masters series]], FontanaPress, {{ISBN|0006862268}}, p. 57.

*Karl Marx, a visionary, figured out that you can control a slave much better by convincing him he is an employee.
** [[Nassim Nicholas Taleb]] (2010). ''The Bed of Procrustes: Philosophical and Practical Aphorisms'', p. 25.

* All the sophisticated syllogisms of the ponderous volumes published by Marx, Engels, and hundreds of Marxian authors cannot conceal the fact that the only and ultimate source of Marx's prophecy is an alleged inspiration by virtue of which Marx claims to have guessed the plans of the mysterious powers determining the course of history. Like [[Hegel]], Marx was a prophet communicating to the people the revelation that an inner voice had imparted to him.
** [[Ludwig von Mises]] (1949), ''Human Action''.

* On the one hand, Karl Marx wrote of the ''inevitability'' of socialism. But on the other hand, he organized a socialist movement, a socialist party, declared again and again that his socialism was revolutionary, and that the violent overthrow of the government was necessary to bring about socialism.
** [[Ludwig von Mises]], ''Marxism Unmasked'' (1953).

* '''Marx's economic teachings are essentially a garbled rehash of the theories of [[Adam Smith]] and, first of all, of [[David Ricardo|Ricardo]].'''
** [[Ludwig von Mises]] (1957), ''Theory and History: An Interpretation of Social and Economic Evolution''.

* If you look at early {{w|shamanic}} texts and cultures, the [[magical]] powers that the shaman hopes the gods might give him, flying, turning into animals, invisibility, poetry – as if poetry was a magic power. As if it was the equivalent of turning into a dog or flying. As if. What does this tell us? Maybe there was a time when we could legitimately ask the gods for it as a gift. But we know there aren’t any gods, and that they can’t give those gifts, so the best thing we can do is go to church, listen to the lesson and hope we don’t burn. Have no direct contact with whatever form of god we choose to worship. It’s like the magical or spiritual equivalent of the big flaw in Marxism. Karl Marx, lovely geezer, very humane, a bit middle class but we’ll gloss over that, but his big flaw was that when he said “The reins of society will inevitably rest in the hands of those who control the [[[means of production]]” didn’t take into account middle management. All the people who get between those with the means of production and the society. That translates onto a spiritual level as the shift from our earliest beliefs, which are all shamanic.
** [[Alan Moore]], [http://www.harrybravado.com/articles/alan-moore-interview/ "Alan Moore Interview" by Matthew De Abaitua (1998)], later published in ''Alan Moore: Conversations'' (2011) edited by Eric L. Berlatsky

* The Marxist theory of history, in spite of the serious efforts of some of its founders and followers, ultimately adopted this soothsaying practice [of evading testability]. In some of its earlier formulations (for example in Marx's analysis of the character of the 'coming social revolution') their predictions were testable, and in fact falsified. Yet instead of accepting the refutations the followers of Marx re-interpreted both the theory and the evidence in order to make them agree. In this way they rescued the theory from refutation; but they did so at the price of adopting a device which made it irrefutable. They thus gave a 'conventionalist twist' to the theory; and by this stratagem they destroyed its much advertised claim to scientific status.
** [[Karl Popper]] (2002). Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge. Routledge. p. 49. {{ISBN|0-415-28594-1}}.

*''The Communist Manifesto'' by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels was published in 1848 and is now re-issued with an interesting introduction by [[Yanis Varoufakis]], Greek economist and politician. He hails the Manifesto as an inspiration to collective action for a better future "urging us to become agents of a future that ends unnecessary mass suffering and to inspire humanity to realize its potential for authentic freedom". Varoufakis interprets the Manifesto not as a call to state authoritarianism, as communism became in practice, nor just an analysis of bitter and enduring class conflict, but rather as a 'liberal text', which he believes is even more relevant today than when it was written.
**'Where no man lacks': a post-capitalist order? -- An excerpt, by Phyllis Power ''Share International magazine'' (June 2018)

* [W]hen Karl Marx, the most consistent translator of the [[w:Altruism (ethics)|altruist]] morality into practical action and political theory, advocated a society where all would be sacrificed to all, starting with the immediate immolation of the able, the intelligent, the successful and the wealthy—whatever opposition he did encounter, nobody opposed him on ''moral'' grounds. Predominantly, he was granted the status of a noble, but impractical, ''idealist''.
** [[Ayn Rand]] (1961) ''For the New Intellectual'', NY: Signet.

*''' I began to read ''[[w:Das Capital|Capital]]'', just as one reads any book, to see what was in it; I found a great deal that neither its followers nor its opponents had prepared me to expect.'''
** [[Joan Robinson]], in Preface to the Second Edition of ''An Essay on Marxian Economics'' (1966), p. vi.

* There can be no doubt about the virulence of the hostility which has been shown by the critics of Marxism. Again and again his economic theories have been said to have been killed. But the superstition which says that those who have been wrongly reported dead will have a long life has certainly proved true in regard to the ideas of Marx. '''No other body of economic ideas, not even classicism at the height of its power, has exerted so lasting an influence on political practice.'''
** [[Eric Roll, Baron Roll of Ipsden]], in ''The History Of Economic Thought'' (1939), Ch. VI, p. 250.

* In yet another aspect he is the last of the great system-builders, the successor of [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]], a believer, like him, in a rational formula summing up the evolution of mankind.
** [[Bertrand Russell]], in ''[[A History of Western Philosophy]]'' (1945), Ch. XXVII, p. 782.

* Marx's father became a [[w:Christian|Christian]] when Marx was a little boy, and some, at least, of the dogmas he must have then accepted seem to have born fruit in his son's psychology.
** [[Bertrand Russell]], ''[[Unpopular Essays]]'' (1950), Ch. X, p. 194.

* My objections to Marx are of two sorts: one, that he was muddle-headed; and the other, that his thinking was almost entirely inspired by [[hatred]]. The doctrine of surplus value, which is supposed to demonstrate the exploitation of [[wage]]-earners under capitalism, is arrived at: (a) by surreptitiously accepting [[Thomas Malthus|Malthus]]'s [[w:Malthusian growth model|doctrine of population]], which Marx and all his disciples explicitly repudiate; (b) by applying [[David Ricardo|Ricardo]]'s theory of value to wages, but not to the prices of manufactured articles. He is entirely satisfied with the result, not because it is in accordance with the facts or because it is logically coherent, but because it is calculated to rouse fury in wage-earners. Marx's doctrine that all historical events have been motivated by class conflicts is a rash and untrue extension to world history of certain features prominent in England and France a hundred years ago. His belief that there is a cosmic force called [[w:Dialectical materialism|Dialectical Materialism]] which governs human history independently of human volitions, is mere mythology. His theoretical errors, however, would not have mattered so much but for the fact that, like [[Tertullian]] and [[Thomas Carlyle|Carlyle]], his chief desire was to see his enemies punished, and he cared little what happened to his friends in the process. [...] I have always disagreed with Marx... But my objections to modern Communism go deeper than my objections to Marx. It is the abandonment of democracy that I find particularly disastrous.
** [[Bertrand Russell]], "Why I am Not a Communist", in ''Portraits From Memory And Other Essays'' (1956), p. 211

* Marxists have always treated justice with some disdain.
** [[Alan Ryan]], Introduction in ''Justice'' (1993) edited by Alan Ryan

* Lukes's answer is difficult to summarize, but amounts to the claim that Marx did not concern himself with [[rights]] and justice, but with an ethics of emancipation.
** [[Alan Ryan]], Introduction in ''Justice'' (1993) edited by Alan Ryan

* It is tempting to compare [[Plato]] with Marx; indeed, I have done so. Like Plato, Marx looked forward to a future in which the state, law, coercion, and competition for power had vanished and politics been replaced by rational organization. But we must not press the comparison.
** [[Alan Ryan]], ''On Politics: A History of Political Thought: From Herodotus to the Present'' (2012), Ch. 2 : Plato and Antipolitics

* From the viewpoint of pure economic theory, Karl Marx can be regarded as a minor post-[[W:Ricardian economics|Ricardian]].
** [[Paul Samuelson]] (1962). “Economists and History of Ideas,” The American Economic Review, March 1962 pp.

* Marx claimed in [[W:Capital, Volume I|Volume 1]] [of ''Capital''] that there was some interesting economics involved in a labor theory of value, and some believe his greatest fame in pure economics lies in his attempted analysis of "surplus value." Although he promised to clear up the contradiction between "price" and "value" in later volumes, neither he nor Engels ever made good this claim.
**[[Paul Samuelson]] (1962). “Economists and History of Ideas,” The American Economic Review, March 1962.

* Marx … was a very bad [[econometrics‬|econometrician]] of his times, not realizing how much real [[wages]] in Western Europe had been raised by new techniques and equipment; and he was a bad theorist because his kind of model would almost certainly lead to shifts in schedules that would raise labor's wages tremendously.
**[[Paul Samuelson]] (1962). “Economists and History of Ideas,” The American Economic Review, March 1962.

*Marx has certainly had more customers than any other one aspiring economist. A billion people think his ideas are important; and for the historian of thought that fact makes them important.
** [[Paul Samuelson]] (1962). “Economists and History of Ideas,” The American Economic Review, March 1962.

* Marx was fortunate to have been born eighty years before [[Walt Disney]]. Disney also promised a child's [[paradise]] and unlike Marx, delivered on his [[promise]].
** [[John Ralston Saul]] in ''Voltaire's Bastards: The Dictatorship of Reason in the West'' (1992), Ch. 2

*Marxism ''is'' a religion. To the believer it presents, first, a system of ultimate ends that embody the meaning of life and are absolute standards by which to judge events and actions; and, secondly, a guide to those ends which implies a plan of salvation and the indignation of the evil from which mankind, or a chosen section of mankind, is to be saved.
* [[Joseph Schumpeter]], ''[[w:Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy|Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy]]'' (1942), Ch.1

* If Marx had not been more than a purveyor of phraseology, he would be dead by now.
** [[Joseph Schumpeter]], in ''[[w:Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy|Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy]]'' (1942), Third Edition, Ch. 1, p. 5.

* It had to be admitted in the end that Marx had made mistakes on many points of importance.
** [[Werner Sombart]] (1896), ''Socialism and the Social System'' NY: Dutton and Sons, translated by M. Epstein, p. 87.

* Against [[anarchists]] Marx and Engles were in the position of defending the “authority of the majority over the minority.” Marxian passages defending the use of state power against individuals in this connection were later avidly quoted by [[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]] in defense of an autocratic power which Marx had not contemplated.
** [[Thomas Sowell]] (1963) “Karl Marx and the Freedom of the Individual,” ''Ethics'' 73:2, p 120.

* Marx saw the coming of communism (in his sense) as the result of a long series of struggles, transforming conditions and men. The kind of society he envisioned required, as Lenin observed, “a person not like the present man on the street.” Marx saw this new sort of person emerging as a natural result of the sobering process of a social struggle lasting perhaps a half-century. The educational role of adversity and setbacks for the proletariat was a recurrent theme in the writings of Marx and Engles. [[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]], on the other hand, believed that the proletariat would never automatically the necessary class outlook and purposeful unity: “Class political consciousness can be brought to the working class only from without.” Whatever the relative merits, in terms of realism, of the Marxist verses the Leninist conceptions of the working class, this crucial shift of assumptions necessitated a fundamental change, however covert, in the line of march towards communism, both before and after the seizure of power [by Lenin and the Bolsheviks].
** [[Thomas Sowell]] (1963) “Karl Marx and the Freedom of the Individual,” ''Ethics'' 73:2, pp. 122-123.

* No wonder therefore that almost everyone rebelled against Hegel. No one did this more effectively than Marx. Marx claimed to have laid bare with finality the mystery of all history, including the present and the imminent future, but also the outline of the order which was bound to come and in which and through which men would be able or compelled for the first time to lead truly human lives. More precisely, for Marx human history, so far from having been completed, has not even begun; what we call history is only the pre-history of humanity. Questioning the settlement which Hegel had regarded as rational, he followed the vision of a world society which presupposes and establishes forever the complete victory of the town over the country, of the mobile over the deeply rooted, of the spirit of the Occident over the spirit of the Orient; the members of the world society which is no longer a political society are free and equal, and are so in the last analysis because all specialization, all [[division of labor]], has given way to the full development of everyone.
** [[Leo Strauss]], "Philosophy as Rigorous Science and Political Philosophy", ''Interpretation: A Journal of Political Philosophy'' 2, no. 1 (1971)

*Summarizing his deficiencies, Karl Marx was neither progressive nor enlightened; he was a racist, anti-Semite, a German nationalist, a warmonger, autocratic, anti-freedom proponent, Machiavellian, pro-Black slavery, petty, homophobic, megalomaniac, a bully and slanderer, antichoice, and a reactionary against liberalism and industrial capitalism. In almost every sense, Marx fit the quintessential image of Hitler like a tight glove, both appearing almost indistinguishable. Like father and son, Marx and Hitler were two social justice warriors, determined to weaponize intolerance, racism, and nationalism for what they call the greater good. In so many ways, considering their almost identical political and social makeup, metaphorically speaking, Hitler could easily be regarded as the son of Marx.
**[[L.K. Samuels]] ''Killing History: The False Left-Right Political Spectrum and the Battle between the ‘Free Left’ and ‘Statist Left,’'' Freeland Press (2019) p. 361

*He gave the impression not only of rare intellectual superiority but also of outstanding personality. If he had had as much heart as intellect and love as hate, I should have gone through fire for him. ... In view of our aims, I regret that this man, with his fine intellect, is lacking in nobility of soul. I am convinced that the most dangerous personal ambition has eaten away all the good in him. He laughs at the fools who parrot his proletarian catechism, just as he laughs over the communists ''à la'' Willich and over the bourgeoisie. The only people he respects are the aristocrats, the genuine ones who are well aware of it. In order to drive them from government, he needs a source of strength, which he can find only in the proletariat. Accordingly, he has tailored his system to them. In spite of all his assurances to the contrary, and perhaps because of them, I took away with me the impression that the acquisition of personal power was the aim of all his endeavours.
**[[w:Gustav Adolph Techow|Gustav Techow]] (August 1850), quoted in David McLellan (ed.), ''Karl Marx: Interviews and Recollections'' (1981), p. 18

* Just heard Gen. White's proclamation that we "have Russia zeroed in from all directions." I am waiting now for [[Vannevar Bush]] and [[Edward Teller|Ed Teller]] to announce that our new supersensitive radar picked up a rash of heart tremors from the direction of the USSR, immediately after White's remarkably insignificant statement, I could almost hear Karl Marx laughing in his tomb.
** [[Hunter S. Thompson]], in a letter to Lieutenant Colonel Frank Campbell (29 November 1957) published in ''The Proud Highway : Saga of a Desperate Southern Gentleman, 1955-1967'' (2001), p. 76.

*Even though communist parties have disappeared almost entirely from the political scene, the spirit of communism driving the manifesto is proving hard to silence.... Liberty, happiness, autonomy, individuality, spirituality, self-guided development are ideals that Marx and Engels valued above everything else. If they are angry with the bourgeoisie, it is because the bourgeoisie seeks to deny the majority any opportunity to be free. Given Marx and Engels' adherence to Hegel's fantastic idea that no one is free as long as one person is in chains, their quarrel with the bourgeoisie is that they sacrifice everybody's freedom and individuality on capitalism's altar of accumulation.
**[[Yanis Varoufakis|Yanis Varoufakis]] quoted in [https://www.share-international.org/magazine/old_issues/2018/2018-06.htm#correo ''Where no man lacks: a post-capitalist order?'' -- An excerpt, by Phyllis Power, ''Share International magazine''] (June 2018)

* Similar though [[Marx]] and [[Thoreau]] may be in their accounts of the consequences of living in a society defined by money, their suggestions for how to respond to it are poles apart. Forget the Party. Forget the revolution. Forget the general strike. Forget the proletariat as an abstract class of human interest. Thoreau's revolution begins not with discovering comrades to be yoked together in solidarity but with the embrace of solitude. For Thoreau, Marx's first and fatal error was the creation of the aggregate identity of the proletariat. Error was substituted for error. The anonymity and futility of the worker were replaced by the anonymity and futility of the revolutionary. A revolution conducted by people who have only a group identity can only replace one monolith of power with another, one misery with another, perpetuating the cycle of domination and oppression. In solitude, the individual becomes most human, which is to say most spiritual.
** [[Curtis White]], “The spirit of disobedience: An invitation to resistance,” ''Harper’s'', April 2006, pp. 37-38.

==See also==
* [[Economic inequality]]
* [[Oligarchy]]
* [[Plutocracy]]
* [[Redistribution of income and wealth]]

==External links==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wikisource-author}}
{{Commonscat}}
* [[W:The Young Karl Marx|''The Young Karl Marx'']] (2017 historical drama)
*[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1843/critique-hpr/ ''Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right'']
*''Das Kapital'', volumes [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/ch01.htm 1], [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/cw/volume36/ 2], and [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1894-c3/ 3]
* [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/letters/index.htm ''Letters'']
*[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch01.htm#060 ''The Communist Manifesto'']
*[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1852/18th-brumaire/ch01.htm ''The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon'']
*[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/german-ideology/ch01a.htm ''The German Ideology'']
*[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/theses/theses.htm "Theses on Feuerbach"]
* [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1844/jewish-question/ "Zur Judenfrage" ("On the Jewish Question")]
* [http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1914/granat/ A Brief Biographical Sketch of Karl Marx] by [[Vladimir Lenin]], 1914

{{DEFAULTSORT:Marx, Karl}}
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[[Category:Atheism activists]]
[[Category:Economists from Germany]]
[[Category:Philosophers from Germany]]
[[Category:Sociologists from Germany]]
[[Category:Historians from Germany]]
[[Category:Non-fiction authors from Germany]]
[[Category:German communists]]
[[Category:Marxists]]
[[Category:Revolutionaries]]
[[Category:Journalists from Germany]]
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Antisemitism

2020-10-19T15:45:46Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880548 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

'''{{w|Antisemitism}}''' (also spelled '''anti-Semitism''' or '''anti-semitism''') is hostility to, [[prejudice]], or [[discrimination]] against [[Jews]]. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is generally considered to be a form of [[racism]].

== Quotes ==
* The Jews' political ignorance, which fitted them so well for their special role and for taking root in the state's sphere of business, and their prejudices against the people and in favor of authority, which blinded them to the political dangers of antisemitism, caused them to be oversensitive toward all forms of social discrimination. It was difficult to see the decisive difference between political argument and mere antipathy when the two developed side by side. The point, however, is that they grew out of exactly opposite aspects of emancipation: political antisemitism developed because the Jews were a separate body, while social discrimination arose because of the growing equality of Jews with all other groups.
** [[Hannah Arendt]], ''Antisemitism'', Chapter 4, "The Jews and Society."

* Der Antisemitismus ist der Sozialismus der dummen Kerle.
** Translation: “Antisemitism is the [[Socialism]] of fools.”
**A common saying of [[w:Social Democratic Party of Germany|German social democrats]], commonly attributed to {{w|August Bebel}}, who attributed it to [[w:de:Ferdinand Kronawetter|Ferdinand Kronawetter]]. See ''Der Antisemitismus'' (1894) by Hermann Bahr, p. 21

* I know you hesitate to appoint the man I recommended because he is a Jew. Who do you think you are, Harvard?
** Harvard Professor [[w:Garrett_Birkhoff|G. D. Birkhoff]] from "A Century of mathematics in America", Volume 1, By Peter L. Duren, Richard Askey, Uta C. Merzbach pg 235.

* [[Conservatives]] and [[fascist]] ideologies adapted the notion that Jews were alien to the national community to a cultural critique that attributed the inauthenticity of contemporary mass culture to Jewish influence. Jews, not having a fixed location, could not share in cultures rooted in the community of [[w:Blood and soil|blood or soil]] and were therefore reduced to the imitation of other cultures, to artifice.
** [[Erin G. Carlston]], {{cite book |title=Thinking Fascism: Sapphic Modernism and Fascist Modernity |date=1998 |publisher={{w|Stanford University Press}} |isbn=978-0-8047-4167-5 |page=23 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ffhk6mjZj-oC&pg=PA23}}

* "Dozens of Judensaus... intersect with the portrayal of the Jew as a [[w:deicide|Christ killer]]. Various illustrations of the murder of [[w:Simon of Trent|Simon of Trent]] blended images of Judensau, the [[devil]], the murder of little Simon himself, and the [[w:Crucifixion|Crucifixion]]. In the seventeenth-century engraving from Frankfurt … a well-dressed, very contemporary-looking Jew has mounted the sow backward and holds her tail, while a second Jew sucks at her milk and a third eats her feces. The horned devil, himself wearing a [[w:Yellow badge|Jewish badge]], looks on and the butchered Simon, splayed as if on a cross, appears on a panel above."
** Jeremy Cohen (2007) quoted in ''Christ Killers: The Jews and the Passion from the Bible to the Big Screen'', Oxford University Press, p. 208, {{ISBN|0195178416}}

* There has been no tragedy in modern times equal in its awful effects to the fight on the [[w:History of the Jews in Germany#Jews under the Nazis (1933–45)|Jew in Germany]]. It is an attack on civilization, comparable only to such horrors as the {{w|Spanish Inquisition}} and the {{w|African slave trade}}. It has set civilization back a hundred years, and in particular has it made the settlement and understanding of race problems more difficult and more doubtful. It is widely believed by many that the Jewish problem in Germany was episodic, and is already passing. Visitor to the Olympic Games are apt to have gotten that impression. They saw no Jewish oppression. Just as Northern visitors to Mississippi see no [[w:African Americans in Mississippi|Negro]] [[Racism in the United States|oppression]].
** [[W. E. B. Du Bois]], ''The Present Plight of The German Jew'', ''Writing on National Socialism'', ''Pittsburgh Courier'', December 19, 1936. Republished in {{cite book |editor1-last=Aptheker |editor1-first=Herbert |editor1-link=w:Herbert Aptheker |title=Newspaper Columns: 1883-1944 |date=1986 |publisher=Kraus-Thomson Organization |isbn=978-0-527-25347-9 |page=149 |url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=iq9aAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22a+state+with+a+mighty+police+force%2C+a+growing+army%2C+a+host+of+spies+and+informers%2C+a+secret+espionage%2C+backed+by+swift+and+cruel+punishment%2C%22&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22There+has+been+no+tragedy+in+modern+times+equal+in+its+awful+effects+to+the+fight+on+the+Jew+in+Germany.+It+is+an+attack+on+civilization%2C+comparable+only+to+such+horrors+as+the+Spanish+Inquisition+and+the+African+slave+trade.+It+has+set+civilization+back+a+hundred+years%2C+and+in+particular+has+it+made+the+settlement+and+understanding+of+race+problems+more+difficult+and+more+doubtful.+It+is+widely+believed+by+many+that+the+Jewish+problem+in+Germany+was+episodic%2C+and+is+already+passing.+Visitor+to+the+Olympic+Games+are+apt+to+have+gotten+that+impression.+They+saw+no+Jewish+oppression.+Just+as+Northern+visitors+to+Mississippi+see+no+Negro+oppression.%22}}

* Fucking Jews... Jews are responsible for all wars in the world.
** [[Mel Gibson]], July 28, 2006 on Pacific Coast Highway in Malibu, California after pulled over for speeding and drunk driving. as quoted in [http://www.tmz.com/2006/07/28/gibsons-anti-semitic-tirade-alleged-cover-up/ Gibsons Anti Semitic Tirade Alleged Coverup], ''TMZ'', 7/28/2006.

* Without anti-Semitism, Nazism would have been inconceivable, both as an ideology and as a catalyst of the emotions. As for German society only two of its many sub-groups, the cultivated liberal minority among the bourgeoisie, and the politically educated segment of the working class, were relatively immune to anti-Semitism.
** [[w:Richard Grunberger| Richard Grunberger]], "The 12-Year Reich: A Social History of Nazi Germany 1933-1945", New York: NY, Holt, Rinehart and Winston (1971) p. 466

* Thus we can see the two great differences between races: Aryanism means ethical perception of work and that which we today so often hear – socialism, community spirit, common good before own good. Jewry means egoistic attitude to work and thereby mammonism and materialism, the opposite of socialism.
** [[Adolf Hitler]] "Why We Are Anti-Semites", August 15, 1920 speech in Munich at the Hofbräuhaus. Hitler gave this speech a number of times in August of 1920 to members of the National Socialist German Workers Party. Speech is also known as "Why Are We Anti-Semites?" Translated from ''Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte'', 16. Jahrg., 4. H. (Oct., 1968), pp. 390-420. Edited by Carolyn Yeager. [https://carolynyeager.net/why-we-are-antisemites-text-adolf-hitlers-1920-speech-hofbr%C3%A4uhaus]

* There comes a time when it will be obvious that socialism can only be carried out accompanied by nationalism and antisemitism.
** [[Adolf Hitler]] "Why We Are Anti-Semites", August 15, 1920 speech in Munich at the Hofbräuhaus. Hitler gave this speech a number of times in August of 1920 to members of the National Socialist German Workers Party. Speech is also known as "Why Are We Anti-Semites?" Translated from ''Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte'', 16. Jahrg., 4. H. (Oct., 1968), pp. 390-420. Edited by Carolyn Yeager. [https://carolynyeager.net/why-we-are-antisemites-text-adolf-hitlers-1920-speech-hofbr%C3%A4uhaus]

* If we are socialists, then we must definitely be anti-semites—and the opposite, in that case, is Materialism and Mammonism, which we seek to oppose… How, as a socialist, can you not be an anti-semite?
** [[Adolf Hitler]], quoted in ''Hitler: Sämtliche Aufzeichnungen 1905–1924'', Eberhard Jäckel, Axel Kuhn, editors, Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1980, pp. 200-1. A collection of primary documents of Hitler speeches and writings. Hitler’s speech to NSDAP members in Munich in August 1920, titled "Why We Are Anti-Semites"

* For if the Jew has a racial determination, so have we, and we are also obliged to act accordingly. Because it seems inseparable from the social idea and we do not believe that there could ever exist a state with lasting inner health if it is not built on internal social justice, and so we have joined forces with this knowledge.
** [[Adolf Hitler]] "Why We Are Anti-Semite", August 15, 1920 speech in Munich at the Hofbräuhaus. Hitler gave this speech a number of times in August of 1920 to members of the National Socialist German Workers Party. Speech is also known as "Why Are We Anti-Semites?" Translated from ''Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte'', 16. Jahrg., 4. H. (Oct., 1968), pp. 390-420. Edited by Carolyn Yeager. [https://carolynyeager.net/why-we-are-antisemites-text-adolf-hitlers-1920-speech-hofbr%C3%A4uhaus]

* The struggle between the people and the hatred amongst them is being nurtured by very specific interested parties. It is a small, rootless, international clique that is turning the people against each other, that does not want them to have peace. It is the people who are at home both nowhere and everywhere, who do not have anywhere a soil on which they have grown up, but who live in Berlin today, in Brussels tomorrow, Paris the day after that, and then again in Prague or Vienna or London, and who feel at home everywhere. [Man in audience shouts 'Jews!'] They are the only ones who can be addressed as international elements, because they conduct their business everywhere, but the people cannot follow them. The people are bounded to their soil, bounded to its fatherland, bounded to the possibilities of life that the state, the nation, offers.
** [[Adolf Hitler]], [http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/genocide/hitler_audio.shtml A speech at the Siemens Dynamo Works in Berlin, (10 November 1933)]

* We want to build up a new state! That is why the others hate us so much today…. They are, after all, plutocracies in which a tiny clique of capitalists dominate the masses, and this, naturally, in close cooperation with international Jews and Freemasons.
** [[Adolf Hitler]] as quoted in ''{{w|The Third Reich: A New History}}'' by {{w|Michael Burleigh}}, p.2087

* There is, then, no danger in the circumstances that anti-semitism will disappear, for it is the Jews themselves who add fuel to its flames and see that it is kept well stoked. Before the opposition to it can disappear, the malady itself must disappear. And from that point of view, you can rely on the Jews: as long as they survive, anti-semitism will never fade.
** ''The Testament of Adolf Hitler'', 13 February 1945.

* [A]nti-Semitism was rife in almost all varieties of socialism.
** [[w:Sidney Hook| Sidney Hook]], “Home Truths About Marx,” ''Commentary'' (September 1978), reprinted in ''Marxism and Beyond'', Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield (1983) p. 117.

*In Western Europe, anti-Semitism directed against Arabs has largely replaced anti-Semitism against [[Jews]]
** [[Samuel P. Huntington]], ''The Clash of Civilizations (1996)'', Simon and Schuster, 2007, p. 200

*Anti-Semitism means spreading enmity towards the Jews. When the accursed tsarist monarchy was living its last days it tried to incite ignorant workers and peasants against the Jews. The tsarist police, in alliance with the landowners and the capitalists, organised pogroms against the Jews. The landowners and capitalists tried to divert the hatred of the workers and peasants who were tortured by want against the Jews. In other countries, too, we often see the capitalists fomenting hatred against the Jews in order to blind the workers, to divert their attention from the real enemy of the working people, capital. Hatred towards the Jews persists only in those countries where slavery to the landowners and capitalists has created abysmal ignorance among the workers and peasants. Only the most ignorant and downtrodden people can believe the lies and slander that are spread about the Jews. This is a survival of ancient feudal times, when the priests burned heretics at the stake, when the peasants lived in slavery, and when the people were crushed and inarticulate. This ancient, feudal ignorance is passing away; the eyes of the people are being opened. '''It is not the Jews who are the enemies of the working people. The enemies of the workers are the capitalists of all countries. Among the Jews there are working people, and they form the majority. They are our brothers, who, like us, are oppressed by capital; they are our comrades in the struggle for socialism.''' Among the Jews there are kulaks, exploiters and capitalists, just as there are among the Russians, and among people of all nations. The capitalists strive to sow and foment hatred between workers of different faiths, different nations and different races. Those who do not work are kept in power by the power and strength of capital. Rich Jews, like rich Russians, and the rich in all countries, are in alliance to oppress, crush, rob and disunite the workers. Shame on accursed tsarism which tortured and persecuted the Jews. Shame on those who foment hatred towards the Jews, who foment hatred towards other nations. '''Long live the fraternal trust and fighting alliance of the workers of all nations in the struggle to overthrow capital.'''
** [[Vladimir Lenin]], [https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1919/mar/x10.htm Anti-Jewish Pogroms (March 1919)] ''Lenin’s Collected Works'', 4th English Edition, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1972 Volume 29, p. 252-253.

*South African Nationalism is riddled with anti-semitism, but Jews are entirely free to practise their religion and study their sacred books; in the Soviet Union anti-semitism is directed and encouraged by the state, and Jews can be, and are, imprisoned for teaching Hebrew scripture.
** [[Bernard Levin]], ''[[:w:The Times|The Times]]'', December 11, 1985.

*Anti-Semitism is a Socialist movement, only nobler and purer in form than Social Democracy.
**[[w:Wilhelm Marr |Wilhelm Marr ]], as quoted in ''The Rise of Political Anti-Semitism in Germany and Austria'', Peter Pulzer, revised edition, Harvard University Press, 1988, p. 45.

* Bourgeois society continuously brings forth the Jew from its own entrails.
** [[Karl Marx]] as quoted in ''Nationalism and Socialism: Marxist and Labor Theories of Nationalism to 1917'', Horace B. Davis, New York: NY, Monthly Review Press (2009) p. 72. Original: Marx, “Zur Judenfrange” in "Werke", I, (1843) pp. 374-376.

* Anti-Semitism is a kind of social mark of Cain that indicates a society or culture that is not ready for prime time and which will fail the tests of modern life; when anti-Semitism gains a foothold, the canary in your coal mine has just keeled over and died.
** [[w:Walter Russell Mead|Walter Russell Mead]], [http://blogs.the-american-interest.com/wrm/2010/04/05/why-aipac-is-good-for-the-jews-and-for-everyone-else/ Why AIPAC Is Good For The Jews — and For Everyone Else], ''The American Interest'', April 5th, 2010.

* But overall, the political Right tended to oppose Jewish equality, and to eschew cooperation with Jews. This exclusion meant that politically active European Jews often had few political choices other than the political Left.
** Philip Mendes, ''Jews and the Left: The Rise and Fall of a Political Alliance'' (2014) Springer, pg. 11

* Formerly an anti-Semite was somebody who hated Jews because they were Jews and had a Jewish soul. But nowadays an anti-Semite is somebody who is hated by Jews.
** [[Hajo Meyer]] quoted in Graeme Murray and Chris Watt, "[http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/politics/auschwitz-survivor-israel-acts-like-nazis-1.1000918 Auschwitz survivor: 'Israel acts like Nazis' ]",[[w:The_Herald_%28Glasgow%29|The Herald]], January 24, 2010. Retrieved on March 27, 2010.

* On any given day one can find some eminent European – a university professor, high-ranking churchman, a parliamentarian – gravely explaining to reporters that harsh and disproportionate criticism of Israel is not anti-Semitic. And their protestations sound plausible. After all, this is not your grandfather’s anti-Semitism.…At least that is what I assumed until someone did the study. Two Connecticut professors got curious about the constant denials that extremely harsh critics of Israel were anti-Semitic. Edward H. Kaplan, the William N. and Marie A. Beach Professor of Management Sciences at [[w:Yale|Yale]], and Charles A. Small, Director of Urban Studies, [[w:Southern Connecticut State University]], decided to examine the issue in formal way.…Kaplan and Small ask whether individuals expressing strong anti-Israel sentiments, such as the statement by [[w:Ted Honderich|Ted Honderich]], Emeritus Grote Professor of the Philosophy of Mind and Logic at University College London, that “those Palestinians who have resorted to necessary killing have been right to try to free their people, and those who have killed themselves in the cause of their people have indeed sanctified themselves,” are more likely than the general population to also support in such old-style anti-Semitic slurs as “Jews have too much power in our country today.” The correlation was almost perfect. In a survey of 5,000 Europeans in ten countries, people who believed that the Israeli soldiers “intentionally target Palestinian civilians,” and that “Palestinian suicide bombers who target Israeli civilians” are justified, also believed that “Jews don’t care what happens to anyone but their own kind,” “Jews have a lot of irritating faults,” and “Jews are more willing than others to use shady practices to get what they want.” The study’s other interesting finding was that only a small fraction of Europeans believe any of these things. Anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism flourish among the few, but those few are over-represented in Europe’s newspapers, its universities, and its left-wing political parties.
** Diana Muir, [http://hnn.us/articles/28503.html Anti-Semitism and Anti-Zionism: The Link], History News Network. George Mason University. Retrieved on 2007-02-26.

* All 10 of the world’s most anti-Semitic territories, indeed, are in the [[Middle East]] and [[w:North Africa|North Africa]].
** Marissa Newman, [https://www.timesofisrael.com/the-10-most-anti-semitic-countries/ "The 10 most anti-Semitic countries and the 10 least anti-Semitic, according to a new global ADL survey"], [[w:The Times of Israel|The Times of Israel]], (13 May 2014).

* The Jewish cabal is out to get me.
** A remark repeated by [[Richard Nixon]] several times in private conversations. Quoted in ''[[w:The Final Days|The Final Days]]'' by [[w:Bob Woodward|Bob Woodward]].

* You know, it's a funny thing, every one of the bastards that are out for legalizing marijuana are Jewish. What the Christ is the matter with the Jews, Bob? What is the matter with them? I suppose it is because most of them are psychiatrists.
** Richard Nixon, statement (May 26, 1971) as quoted in [http://web.archive.org/web/20060614124156/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5079259/site/newsweek/ ''Newsweek'' (May 27, 2004)]

* Many Jews in the Communist conspiracy. [[Whittaker Chambers|Chambers]] and [[w:Alger Hiss|Hiss]] were the only non-Jews. Many thought that Hiss was. He could have been a half. Every other one was a Jew—and it raised hell for us. But in this case, I hope to God he's not a Jew.
** Nixon, Haldeman, and Ronald Ziegler, 2:42-3:33 P.M. Oval Office Conversation #524-7; cassette #775 (June 17, 1971)

* The Jews are irreligious, atheistic, immoral bunch of bastards.
** Richard Nixon to [[w:Bob Haldeman|Bob Haldeman]] (February 1, 1972) as quoted in [http://www.counterpunch.org/alexgraham.html ''Counterpunch'' (March 12, 2002)]

* The Jews are just a very aggressive and abrasive and obnoxious personality.
** Richard Nixon conversation with Charles W. Colson, [http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/flash/national/20101211_NIXON_AUDIO/2_TYPES.mp3 Feb. 13, 1973], as quoted in [http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/11/us/politics/11nixon.html "In Tapes, Nixon Rails About Jews and Blacks"], by Adam Nagourney, ''New York Times'', Dec. 10, 2010.

* What it is, is it’s the insecurity. It’s the latent insecurity. Most Jewish people are insecure. And that’s why they have to prove things.
** Richard Nixon conversation on Jewish aides [http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/flash/national/20101211_NIXON_AUDIO/1_INFERIORITY.mp3 as quoted on tapes recorded February-March 1973] [http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/11/us/politics/11nixon.html "In Tapes, Nixon Rails About Jews and Blacks"], by Adam Nagourney, ''New York Times'', Dec. 10, 2010.

* I didn’t notice many Jewish names coming back from Vietnam on any of those lists; I don’t know how the hell they avoid it. If you look at the Canadian-Swedish contingent, they were very disproportionately Jewish. The deserters.
** Richard Nixon conversation with Mr. Colson, [http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/flash/national/20101211_NIXON_AUDIO/3_VIETNAM.mp3 on tapes recorded February-March 1973]; as quoted in [http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/11/us/politics/11nixon.html "In Tapes, Nixon Rails About Jews and Blacks"], by Adam Nagourney, ''New York Times'', Dec. 10, 2010.

* Terrorism in Palestinian society is incentivized instead of the promotion of beneficial public works programs. Anti-Semitism, furthermore, is a state-sponsored cause.
** Noah Philips, [https://www.dailywire.com/news/48495/phillips-upcoming-bahrain-summit-yet-again-noah-phillips PHILLIPS: Upcoming Bahrain Summit Yet Again Showcases Palestinians' Refusal To Negotiate], June 17 2019, ''The Daily Wire''

* Marx and the early French socialist, developed antisemitism ideals that have characterized much of the Left to this day.
** [[w:Dennis Prager| Dennis Prager]] and [[w: Joseph Telushkin | Joseph Telushkin]], ''Why the Jew?: The Reason for Antisemitism'', New York: NY, Touchstone (2003) p.123.

* Die Deutschen werden den Juden Auschwitz nie verzeihen.
** Translation: "The Germans will never forgive the Jews for {{w|Auschwitz}}."
** [[Zvi Rex]], as quoted in ''Der Ewige Antisemit'' by {{w|Henryk Broder}}, 1986, {{ISBN|3596238064}}

* It would be futile to deny that the Nazis built a vast mass of evil on a vast mass of prejudice. It would be equally futile to deny that strong prejudices against the Jews existed among Christians during the centuries before the Shoah. Since, moreover, the childhood of the European nations was passed under the tutelage of the clergy, we should not be surprised that these prejudices were, in part, ecclesiastically inculcated.
** [[Mark Riebling]], [http://markriebling.blogs.com/files/jesus-jews-shoah.pdf "Jesus, Jews and the Shoah"] (2003)

* The Holocaust was the product not of Christendom, but of Christendom's collapse. The destruction of Christendom effected (1) the rejection of Catholic natural law and (2) the rise of the absolute nation-state, previously impossible because popes could depose and counterbalance kings. Hitler, to be sure, contributed a neo-paganism and anti-Semitism all his own. But in mobilizing opinion and wielding power, he was helped more by these two innovations than by any Catholic doctrines.
** [[Mark Riebling]], [http://markriebling.blogs.com/files/jesus-jews-shoah.pdf "Jesus, Jews and the Shoah"] (2003)

* We have to be clear that while antisemitism is a threat to Jews everywhere, it is also a threat to democratic governance itself. The antisemites who marched in Charlottesville don’t just hate Jews. They hate the idea of multiracial democracy. They hate the idea of political equality. They hate immigrants, people of color, LGBTQ people, women, and anyone else who stands in the way of a whites-only America. They accuse Jews of coordinating a massive attack on white people worldwide, using people of color and other marginalized groups to do their dirty work.
* The forces fomenting antisemitism are the forces arrayed against oppressed people around the world, including Palestinians; the struggle against antisemitism is also the struggle for Palestinian freedom. I stand in solidarity with my friends in Israel, in Palestine, and around the world who are trying to resolve conflict, diminish hatred, and promote dialogue, cooperation, and understanding.
** [[Bernie Sanders]], [https://jewishcurrents.org/how-to-fight-antisemitism/ "How to Fight Antisemitism"]

* The anti‐Semite has chosen hate because hate is a faith; at the outset he has chosen to devaluate words and reasons. How entirely at ease he feels as a result. How futile and frivolous discussions about the rights of the Jew appear to him. He has placed himself on other ground from the beginning. If out of courtesy he consents for a moment to defend his point of view, he lends himself but does not give himself. He tries simply to project his intuitive certainty onto the plane of discourse. I mentioned awhile back some remarks by anti‐Semites, all of them absurd: "I hate Jews because they make servants insubordinate, because a Jewish furrier robbed me, etc." Never believe that anti‐ Semites are completely unaware of the absurdity of their replies. They know that their remarks are frivolous, open to challenge. But they are amusing themselves, for it is their adversary who is obliged to use words responsibly, since he believes in words. The anti‐Semites have the right to play. They even like to play with discourse for, by giving ridiculous reasons, they discredit the seriousness of their interlocutors. They delight in acting in bad faith, since they seek not to persuade by sound argument but to intimidate and disconcert. If you press them too closely, they will abruptly fall silent, loftily indicating by some phrase that the time for argument is past. It is not that they are afraid of being convinced. They fear only to appear ridiculous or to prejudice by their embarrassment their hope of winning over some third person to their side.
** [[Jean-Paul Sartre]], ''{{w|Anti-Semite and Jew}}'' (1945), pages 13-14

* The anti‐Semite understands nothing about modern society. He would be incapable of conceiving of a constructive plan; his action cannot reach the level of the methodical; it remains on the ground of passion. To a long‐term enterprise he prefers an explosion of rage analogous to the running amuck of the Malays. His intellectual activity is confined to ''interpretation''; he seeks in historical events the signs of the presence of an evil power. Out of this spring those childish and elaborate fabrications which give him his resemblance to the extreme paranoiacs. In addition, anti‐Semitism channels evolutionary drives toward the destruction of certain men, not of institutions. An anti‐Semitic mob will consider it has done enough when it has massacred some Jews and burned a few synagogues. It represents, therefore, a safety valve for the owning classes, who encourage it and thus substitute for a dangerous hate against their regime a beneficent hate against particular people. Above all this naive dualism is eminently reassuring to he anti‐Semite himself. If all he has to do is to remove Evil, that means that the Good is already ''given''. He has no need to seek it in anguish, to invent it, to scrutinize it patiently when he has found it, to prove it in action, to verify it by its consequences, or, finally, to shoulder he responsibilities of the moral choice be has made. It is not by chance that the great outbursts of anti‐Semitic rage conceal a basic optimism. The anti‐Semite as cast his lot for Evil so as not to have to cast his lot for Good. The more one is absorbed in fighting Evil, he less one is tempted to place the Good in question. One does not need to talk about it, yet it is always understood in the discourse of the anti‐Semite and it remains understood in his thought. When he has fulfilled his mission as holy destroyer, the Lost Paradise will reconstitute itself. For the moment so many tasks confront the anti‐Semite that he does not have time to think about it. He is in the breach, fighting, and each of his outbursts of rage is a pretext to avoid the anguished search for the Good.
** [[Jean-Paul Sartre]], ''{{w|Anti-Semite and Jew}}'' (1945), pages 31-32

* National and racial chauvinism is a vestige of the misanthropic customs characteristic of the period of cannibalism. Anti-Semitism, as an extreme form of racial chauvinism, is the most dangerous vestige of cannibalism. Anti-semitism is of advantage to the exploiters as a lightning conductor that deflects the blows aimed by the working people at capitalism. Anti-Semitism is dangerous for the toilers, for it is a false track which diverts them from the proper road and leads them into the jungle. Hence, Communists, as consistent internationalists, cannot but be irreconcilable and bitter enemies of anti-Semitism. In the U.S.S.R., anti-Semitism is strictly prosecuted as a phenomenon hostile to the Soviet system. According to the laws of the U.S.S.R. active anti-Semites are punished with death.
** [[Joseph Stalin]] as quoted in "Anti-Semitism: Reply to an inquiry of the Jewish News Agency in the United States" (12 January [[1931]])

* Anti-Zionism is all but indistinguishable from anti-Semitism in practice and often in intent, however much progressives try to deny this.
** [[W:Bret Stephens|Bret L. Stephens]], ''A Despicable Cartoon in The Times'', 28 April 2019, The New York Times

*Whenever a Jew is killed, it is for the benefit of Islam.
**Ahmad Sirhindi, quoted from Bostom, A. G. (2015). Sharia versus freedom: The legacy of Islamic totalitarianism.

* Jews in [[w:Medina|Medina]] are singled out as "men whose malice and enmity was aimed at the Apostle of God". The Yahūd in this literature appear not only as malicious, but also deceitful, cowardly and totally lacking resolve. However, they have none of the demonic qualities attributed to them in mediaeval Christian literature, neither is there anything comparable to the overwhelming preoccupation with Jews and Judaism (except perhaps in the narratives on Muhammad’s encounters with Medinan Jewry) in Muslim traditional literature. Except for a few notable exceptions... the Jews in the [[w:Sira|Sira]] and the [[w:Al-maghazi|Maghazi]] are even heroic villains. Their ignominy stands in marked contrast to Muslim heroism, and in general, conforms to the Qura'nic image of "wretchedness and baseness stamped upon them."
** [[w:Norman Stillman|Norman Stillman]] in ''Encyclopedia of Islam'', "Yahud"

* As I always say, the “oldest hatred” didn’t get that way without an ability to adapt.
** [[Mark Steyn]], [http://article.nationalreview.com/382580/the-oldest-hatred/mark-steyn The ‘Oldest Hatred'], ''[[w:National Review|National Review]]'', January 10, 2009.

*The fight against [[Zionism]] has nothing in common with anti-Semitism. Zionism is an enemy of workers around the world, both of those who are Jewish and those who are not.
** [[Joseph Stalin]], reported in the [[w:Krasnaya Zvezda|Krasnaya Zvezda]], 1953; as quoted in ''[http://ilpartitocomunista.it/2014/08/02/contro-imperialismo-e-sionismo-liberi-dalle-teorie-razziali/ Contro imperialismo e sionismo, liberi dalle teorie razziali (Text in Italian)]''.

== Dialogue ==
:'''Soloviev''': Now, Golovinski, to begin with…I '''hate jews.''' They are a sly race whop will '''creep in''' and destroy the purity of our [[Russian]] [[culture]]! So, I want you to write me a piece on this subject…and '''make''' sure it '''makes a clear case!'''
:'''Golivinski''': Excuse me sir!
:'''Soloviev''': Back so soon? What is it Golovinski?
:'''Golovinski''': Here is the article you '''asked for'''.
:'''Soloviev''': In '''only one hour?''' Let em read it. Where did you get these '''official [[statistics]]?'''
:'''Golivinski''': Oh, '''I made them up!''' No one would dare to [[challenge]] them.
:'''Soloviev''': '''Good work!''' From here on you will write for our regular campaign against the new modernization!
:'''Golvinski''': Why that?
:'''Soloviev''': All [[liberal]], [[capitalistic]], [[socialistic]] movements are directed by jews. We must expose them. '''They are the [[antichrist|anti-christ]]!'''
:'''Golivinski''': But sir, shouldn’t we keep this [[political]]?
:'''Soloviev''': '''In Russia [[religion]] and politics are the same!''' Our people will '''[[believe]]''' anything '''negative about the Jews!''' Go ahead boy!
:* [[Will Eisner]], ''The Plot: The Secret Story of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion'', (10/2/2005), pp. 45-48.

== See also ==
* [[Jews]]

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}
{{commons}}
{{wiktionary|antisemitism}}

[[Category:Antisemitism]]

Paternalistic conservatism

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'''{{w|Paternalistic conservatism}}''', also known as '''conservative socialism''' or '''right-wing socialism''', is a strand in [[conservatism]] which reflects the belief that societies exist and develop organically and that members within them have obligations towards each other.

== Quotes ==

* It is necessary to explain that when one speaks of the P.S.U.C. ‘line’ one really means the Communist Party ‘line’. The P.S.U.C. (Partit Socialista Unificat de Catalunya) was the Socialist Party of Catalonia; it had been formed at the beginning of the war by the fusion of various Marxist parties, including the Catalan Communist Party, but it was now entirely under Communist control and was affiliated to the Third International. Elsewhere in Spain no formal unification between Socialists and Communists had taken place, but the Communist viewpoint and the Right-wing Socialist viewpoint could everywhere be regarded as identical.
** [[George Orwell]], ''Homage to Catalonia'', New York: NY, Harvest Book, Harcourt Brace & Company (1980) chapter 5, pp. 58-59, first published in 1938.

* When [Hitler] talked of National-Socialism what he really meant was military-Socialism, Socialism within a framework of military discipline or, in civilian terms, police-Socialism.
** [[Ernst Hanfstaengl]], ''Hitler: The Memoir of a Nazi Insider Who Turned Against the Führer'', New York: NY, Arcade Publishing, 2011, pp. 70-71

* [T]here were from the beginning two different strands within Socialism: one was the Right-wing, authoritarian strand, from Saint-Simon down, which glorified statism, hierarchy, and collectivism…
** [[w:Murray Rothbard |Murray Rothbard]], “Left and Right: The Prospects for Liberty,” ''Left and Right'' (Spring, 1965) pp. 4-22.

* ‘Conservative’ or ‘right-wing socialism’ can be defined as that type in which institutional aggression is employed to maintain the social status quo and the privileges certain people or groups enjoy. The fundamental objective of right-wing socialism is to keep things as they are by preventing the free exercise entrepreneurship and creative human action from disrupting the pre-established framework of social organization.
** [[w:Jesús Huerta de Soto|Jesús Huerta de Soto]], ''Socialism, Economic Calculation and Entrepreneurship'', Glos, England, UK; Northampton, Massachusetts, US: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited (2010) pp. 79-80.

* [C]onservative socialism and democratic socialism differ only in the motivations behind them and in the social group each aims to favor.
** [[w:Jesús Huerta de Soto|Jesús Huerta de Soto]], ''Socialism, Economic Calculation and Entrepreneurship'', Glos, England, UK; Northampton, Massachusetts, US: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited (2010) pp. 79-80.

* Even in the Social-Democratic Party, petty bourgeois Socialism has its defenders.
** [[Friedrich Engels]], “Preface to The Housing Question,” ''Selected Works'', Moscow Edn., (1877) Vol. I. p.498.

* From the moment Mussolini declared himself in favor of the war, Italian Socialists smeared him for his heresy. ... From the beginning, fascism was dubbed as right-wing not because it necessarily was right-wing but because the communist left thought this was the best way to punish apostasy (and, even if it was right-wing in some long forgotten doctrinal sense, fascism was still right-wing socialism).
** [[w: Jonah Goldberg |Jonah Goldberg]], ''Liberal Fascism: The Secret History of the American Left, From Mussolini to the Politics of Change'', Three Rivers Press (2009) p. 44.

==See also==

* [[Comparison of Fascism and Socialism]]
* [[Nazism]]

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}

[[Category:Conservatism]]

Talk:Adolf Hitler

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==Unsourced==
*In twelve years from now, you will not recognize Berlin.
**c. 1933

* ... equally tradition-minded, and then
these two institutions together will
educate and strengthen the German Man and
carry on their shoulders the German State,
the German Reich! ...
Triumph of the will (1934)
* ''Gebt mir zehn Jahre Zeit, und ihr werdet Deutschland nicht wiedererkennen!''
** Give me ten years, and you will not recognise Germany. (1933)

* ''Brennt Paris?!''
** Is Paris burning?!
**Asking [[w:Dietrich von Choltitz|Dietrich von Choltitz]] who was in command of Paris until its recapture, if he had set the city on fire, an order the general refused. (August 1944)

* All you have to do is kick in the door and the whole rotten structure will crumble to the ground.
**Statement in planning the invasion of the Soviet Union. Alluding to how well he expected [[w:Operation Barbarossa|Operation Barbarossa]] to go.

*Anybody who sees and paints a sky green and pastures blue ought to be sterilized.
* COMMON GOOD BEFORE INDIVIDUAL GOOD
** The Programme Of The N.S.D.A.P. : The 25 Points

* I have thus prevented my [[w:Catholic|Catholic]] and [[w:Protestant|Protestant]] supporters from forming groups against one another, and inadvertently knocking each other out with the Bible. So we never became involved with these churches' forms of worship.

* I shall give a propagandist reason for starting the war, no matter whether it is plausible or not. The victor will not be asked afterwards, whether he told the truth or not. When starting and waging war it is not right that matters but victory. Close your hearts to pity. Act brutally, eighty million people must obtain what is their right. Their existence must be made secure. The strongest man is right.

* One cannot rule by force alone... it is equally important to have this psychological something... They must be convinced that we are the victors.
**on the occupation of eastern Europe

* Secular schools can never be tolerated because such schools have no religious instruction, and a general moral instruction without a religious foundation is built on air; consequently, all character training and religion must be derived from faith.

* The Arabian Freedom Movement in the Middle East is our natural ally... In this connection special importance is attached to the liberation of Iraq...
** Motive for supporting a 1941 coup in Baghdad

* The most foolish mistake we could possibly make would be to permit the conquered Eastern peoples to have arms. History teaches that all conquerors who have allowed their subject races to carry arms have prepared their own downfall by doing so.

* Those who want to live, let them fight, and those who do not want to fight in this world of eternal struggle do not deserve to live.

* We stand for the maintenance of private property... We shall protect free enterprise as the most expedient, or rather the sole possible economic order.

* It is a great pity that this tendency towards religious thought can find no better outlet than the Jewish pettifoggery of the Old Testament, for a religious Folk who, in the solitude of winter, continually seek ultimate light on their religious problems with the assistance of the Bible, must eventually become spiritually deformed. The wretched Folk strive to extract truths from these Jewish chicaneries, where in fact no truths exist. As a result they become embedded in some rut of thought and, unless they possess an exceptionally commonsense mind, degenerate into religious maniacs.

* We shall see to it that the churches cannot spread abroad teachings in conflict with the interests of the State. We shall continue to preach the doctrine of [[w:National Socialism|National Socialism]], and the young will no longer be taught anything but the truth.

* What is this God Who takes pleasure only in seeing men grovel before Him? Try to picture to yourselves the meaning of the following, quite simple story: God creates the conditions for sin. Later on He succeeds, with the help of the Devil, in causing man to sin. Then He employs a virgin to bring into the world a Son who, by His death, will redeem humanity!

* It is through the peasantry that we shall really be able to destroy Christianity, because there is in them a true religion rooted in nature and blood.

* You see, its been our misfortune to have the wrong religion. Why didn't we have the religion of the Japanese, who regard sacrifice for the Fatherland as the highest good? The Muslim religion too would have been more compatible to us than Christianity. why did it have to be Christianity with its meekness and flabbiness? (Quoted by Albert Speer, Inside the Third Reich, pg. 115)

* It seems to me that nothing would be more foolish than to reestablish the worship of [[w:Wotan|Wotan]]. Our old mythology had ceased to be viable when Christianity implanted itself. Nothing dies unless it is moribund. At that period the ancient world was divided between the systems of philosophy and the worship of idols. It is not desirable that the whole of humanity should be stultified— and the only way of getting rid of Christianity is to allow it to die little by little.

* The priests of antiquity were closer to nature, and they sought modestly for the meaning of things. Instead of that, Christianity promulgates its inconsistent dogmas and imposes them by force.

* The man who lives in communion with nature necessarily finds himself in opposition to the Churches. And that is why they are heading for ruin - for science is bound to win.

* When all is said, we have no reason to wish that the Italians and Spaniards should free themselves from the drug of Christianity. Let us be the only Folk who are immunized against the disease.

* Christianity is the worst of the regressions that mankind can ever have undergone, and it is the Jew who, thanks to this diabolic invention, has thrown him back fifteen centuries. The only thing that would be still worse would be victory for the Jew through Bolshevism. If Bolshevism triumphed, mankind would lose the gift of laughter and joy. It would become merely a shapeless mass, doomed to grayness and despair.

* The Christian religion tries to get out of it by explaining that one must attach a symbolic value to the images of [[w:Holy Writ|Holy Writ]]. Any man who made the same claim four hundred years ago would have ended his career at the stake, with an accompaniment of [[w:Hosanna|Hosanna]]s. By joining in the game of tolerance, religion has won back ground by comparison with bygone centuries.
**Referring to inconsistancies between scientific and traditional Christian dogma.

* What luck for rulers that men do not think.

* Generals think war should be waged like the tourneys of the Middle Ages. I have no use for knights. I need revolutionaries.

:: If it's unsourced, assume that those are phoney quotes. If it's not in handwriting or speech recording, assume that there will be problems, too. There is a real inflation of "quotes" what Hitler did supposedly say. --[[Special:Contributions/41.151.93.7|41.151.93.7]] 13:36, 23 June 2012 (UTC)

=="Not come into the world to make men better... ==
With regards to the following quote " I have not come into this world to make men better, but to make use of their weaknesses. " the source is in an essay ''The Mind of Hitler'' by H.R. Trevor-Roper but his is not an original source.
Therefore not verfied. [[User:Andries|Andries]] 14:44, 16 May 2004 (UTC)

The paragraph presented here is from a translation by "Abbots Langley, February, 1939". (spaces missing at places because of conversion)

''But it remained for the Jews, with their unqualified capacity for falsehood, and their fighting comrades, the Marxists, to impute responsibility for the downfall precisely to the man who alone had shown a superhuman will and energy in his effort to prevent the catastrophe which he had foreseen and to save the nation from that hour of complete overthrow and shame. By placing responsibility for the loss of the world war on the shoulders of Ludendorff they took away the weapon of moral right from the only adversary dangerous enough to be likely to succeed in bringing the betrayers of the Fatherland to Justice. All this was inspired by the principle - which is quite true in itself - '''that in the big lie there is always a certain force of credibility; because the broad masses of a nation are always more easily corrupted in the deeper strata of their emotional nature than consciously or voluntarily; and thus in the primitive simplicity of their minds they more readily fall victims to the big lie than the small lie, since they themselves often tell small lies in little matters but would be ashamed to resort to large-scale falsehoods. It would never come into their heads to fabricate colossal untruths, and they would not believe that others could have the impudence to distort the truth so infamously.''' Even though the facts which prove this to be so may be brought clearly to their minds, they willstill doubt and waver and will continue to think that there may be some other explanation. For the grossly impudent lie always leaves traces behind it, even after it has been nailed down, a fact which is known to all expert liars in this world and to all who conspire together in the art of lying. These people know only too well how to use falsehood for the basest purposes. From time immemorial. however, the Jews have known better than any others how falsehood and calumny can be exploited. Is not their very existence founded on one great lie, namely, that they are a religious community, whereas in reality they are a race? And what a race! One of the greatest thinkers that mankind has produced has branded the Jews for all time with a statement which is profoundly and exactly true. He (Schopenhauer) called the Jew "The Great Master of Lies". Those who do not realize the truth of that statement, or do not wish to believe it, will never be able to lend a hand in helping Truth to prevail.''

This was badly quoted out of context: Instead of inventing the "big lie" himself, Hitler accuses the Jews and Marxist for the use of it. I've modified the quote in article to reflect this.

I feel the latter version is a superiour translation (and the source is mentioned):

No amount of genius spent on the creation of propaganda will lead to success if a fundamental principle is not forever kept in mind. Propaganda must confine itself to very few points, and repeat them endlessly. Here, as with so many things in this world, persistence is the first and foremost condition of success.

-> No matter what an amount of talent employed in the organization of propaganda, it will have no result if due account is not taken of these fundamental principles. Propaganda must be limited to a few simple themes and these must be represented again and again. Here, as in innumerable other cases, perseverance is the first and most important condition of success.''

== Quote Regarding War and Jews ==
There's a quote by Hitler which goes something like,"I want the rats in the gutters of Berlin to taste the blood of the Jews". Does anyone know if it's real or not and if yes can you please share the source and exact quote??
Thanks

I belive there is a quote from Hitler telling something like "If the Jews cause another war, that war will be the end of their race". Does anyone know the source, and the exact quote? Thank you --[[w:en:User:AstroNomer]]
i personally found no such existence of that quote...

i heard about a quote sayiing : "i would have killed all the jews of the world, but i kept some to show the world why i killed them", any one know the source of this ?

:I thought he said that openly in the [[w:Reichstag_%28institution%29]]. [[User:Andries|Andries]] 17:31, 7 Sep 2004 (UTC)

The quote is from a January 1939 address to the Reichstag. "If The Jews succeed in touching off another war, the result will not be the Bolshevization of Europe, and therefore victory for the Jews, but rather the result will be the destruction of the Jewish race in Europe."
:: He did say something substantially different, although the last version comes a bit closer to the truth. Hint: It had something to do with *international finance Jewry". --[[Special:Contributions/41.151.93.7|41.151.93.7]] 13:10, 23 June 2012 (UT

The reichstag quote is largely accurate in semantics.This "say something substantially different" claim above gives a misleading impression the original quote has been distorted and hence dubious in origin. but in essence the shorter quote hardly, if only slightly differs in meaning, from the original longer quote from Hitler.One can read the longer quote and there wont be much change in what he wanted to say.

[Removed irrelevant comments from a holocaust denier.]

== Bold Writing ==

Is there a reason why all quotes to do with America are highlighted in bold. Does this somehow suggest that the quotes concerning America are '''somehow''' more important. If so, are you trying to be as nationalistic as the subject? If there is another reason, please do tell ~ [[User:Leto|Leto]]

: I think one of them might have been highlighted as irony, with the doomed Hitler talking of America as doomed... without much future, and the other seems to have been highlighted by someone who may have wished to mitigate the loss of Hitler to the Americans. I removed both instances, as not particularly important passages over all. I do believe people should have the oppurtunity to bold passages that are famous, or that they find significant, but other people have the right to dispute such selections. There seems to have been only a few disputes here thus far, some ending with bolding removed, and some with it retained. Doing a bit of research, on the accuracy of some of these quotes, I also found a few quotes that I will probably add today or tommorow, after checking up on things a bit more. ~ [[User:Achilles|Achilles]] 22:06, 27 Nov 2004 (UTC)

I agree that significant or thought provoking quotes should be highlighted, I just felt that these quotes seemed rather insignificant and therefore pointless in putting them in bold. Thankyou for clearing that up [[User:Leto|Leto]] 28 Nov 2004

Taking excerpts out of context from Mein Kampf and highlighting parts of them to create an artificial emphasis is the equivelent asserting or trying to insert a POV. It is kind of ironic one of the quotes states: "The Jew can take the credit for having corrupted the Graeco-Roman world. Previously words were used to express thoughts; he used words to invent the art of disguising thoughts. Lies are his strength, his weapon in the struggle." So why is it necessary to add anything at all to the article for emphasis? why do we need to bold certain quotations or parts of quotations? Why do we need a stupid newspaper article at the bottom with the headline "Hitler is dead" and with a sentence from Mein Kampf taken completely out of its respective context, which was actually discussing political theory and philosophy in chapter 8. Has the author(s) of this article read Mein Kampf or did they just google for poorly translated excerpts. In theory anyone could comb through Mein Kampf and pick out pieces to suggest a certain viewpoint or mentality, that hardly helps anyone gain a real perspective. It also does not look very good for the author of this article, whom apparently is too lazy to even read Mein Kampf since there are a bunch of quotes which are classified as "not yet placed by chapter." It is certainly amusing how people go to such lengths to disguise their agenda in writing an article such as this, and fail so completely in doing so.
--[[User:Nazrac|Nazrac]] 00:51, 7 August 2006 (UTC)

== Poem by Hitler?==
Someone posted words to a poem attributed to Hitler. The presence of this poem on the internet seems to be restricted primarily to a few Nazi sites, and thus how old it actually is, and whether it was written by Hitler remains very questionable. The posting that seems to be the earliest one that I have thus far found indicates that it was posted for Mother's Day, [http://www.zundelsite.org/english/zgrams/zg1998/zg9805/980510.html May 10th, 1998] at the notoriously pro-Nazi, holocaust denying website, Zundelsite.org, run by Ernst Zündel and his wife Ingrid Rimland.. The next year [http://www.zundelsite.org/english/zgrams/zg1999/zg9905/990509.html a posting of May 9, 1999] includes what is purported to be the original German of Hitler:

:Wenn Deine Mutter alt geworden
: und älter Du geworden bist,
: Wenn ihr, -was früher leicht und mühelos,
: nunmehr zur Last geworden ist,
:Wenn ihre lieben, treuen Augen
: nicht mehr, wie einst, in's Leben sehn,
:Wenn ihre müdgeword'nen Füsse
: sie nicht mehr tragen woll'n beim Steh'n,

:Dann reiche ihr den Arm zur Stütze,
: geleit sie sacht, mit Freud' und Lust!
:Die Stunde kommt, da Du sie weinend
: zum letzten Gang begleiten musst.

:Und fragt sie Dich, so gib ihr Antwort,
: undfragt sie wieder, hör ihr zu!
:Und fragt sie nochmals, steh ihr Rede,
: nicht ungestüm, in sanfter Ruh!
:Und kann sie Dich nicht recht verstehn,
: erklär ihr alles frohbewegt!
: Die Stunde kommt, die bittre Stunde,
: da Dich ihr Mund nach nichts mehr frägt!

* [http://www.aryanunity.com/ahpoem2.html Posting of a translation] at Aryan Unity

If it is indeed genuine, any advocacy Hitler may have made for people to display more affection for their own mothers does not erase the fact that he is, and must forever be primarily remembered as someone whose actions and will sent many millions of mothers and daughters and sons to die in the concentration camps and the gas chambers of his "Final Solution", and in the general horrors and madness of war which his ambitions initiated. The Jewish people were certainly among the primary victims of his bigotries, but not his only ones, and in assessing him, the capacities for inhuman indifference and cruelty that he exhibited, far outweighs any of the humane impulses he might have had, and payed far too little attention to manifesting.

In relation to his words I think that far more people would be inclined to mock at the levels of his hypocrisy than be swayed to much sympathy by his capacities for tender words abut people's mothers.

I believe this quote should stay, but until earlier sources can be determined I will make a note on the earliest sources that I have yet found, and keep it among the sourced quotes, but until earlier sources can be found, the claim for its authenticity should remain extremely suspect. ~ [[User:Achilles|Achilles]] 16:21, 30 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Such a horrible individual is he, who obstains from quoting Hitler in such a way that it portrays him as as the typical cartoon super villain. FOR SHAME! We can't have any quotes that might dispel the idea that he was a ranting psychopath tyrant now can we. The complaint seems to be "that poem portrays Hitler as too human even it was written by him" which very transparently reflects a POV. --[[User:Nazrac|Nazrac]] 01:05, 7 August 2006 (UTC)

I first read this quote in John Toland's "Adolf Hitler", published in 1976. Don't know if this helps any.

:: According to Robert George Leeson Waite in ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=hW-7N2TAca0C&pg=PA141&lpg=PA141&dq=%22when+your+mother+has+grown+old%22&source=web&ots=xJJ174vxe4&sig=oQEyOYTd3-93r0v7tZlUgnaWzUI#PPA142,M1 The Psychopathic God: Adolf Hitler]'' (1993) this poem first appeared in the ''Sonntag-Morgenpost'' on 14 May 1933. [[User:Ed Fitzgerald|Ed Fitzgerald]] 09:30, 27 October 2007 (UTC)

== Overhaul coming up ==

I am in the process of overhauling this entry in WordPad.

I am moving the Mein Kampf quotes into subsections based on their theme; when there are more quotes from Mein Kampf to justify a separate subsection, this should be done.

Also, some of the quotes in the Sourced section give no source; therefore, they are being moved to the Attributed section.

The poem is going to be moved to the Attributed section; it has no "source", as admitted in the above Talk, and therefore cannot justifiably remain under the Sourced heading. A source is an origin; until it can be verified that this poem came from Hitler's hand, it must regarded as it is: an attribution.

I shall put Hitler's alleged last words in its own section. Once more, there is no source given, however; therefore, a note will be added saying as much.

--[[User:Bennmorland|Benn M]] 05:08, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

== Return to standard layout ==

The page needs a bit more work, and double checking, but I have spent a great deal of time on it today, and have done about as much as I can for now. I will double check to see that I didn't lose any quotes accidentally. In my recent edits I deliberately have removed one quote as I can find no citation of this from any reputable source... and the words are far more familiar as those of [[Jim Morrison]]:

* When the music's over, turn out the lights.
** Alleged last statement before his suicide in 1945

I believe that Kurt Vonnegut, in a satirical story, once declared Hitler's last words were "BINGO!" — and it seems that it might be only slightly less accurate than these.

Intending at first merely to add an image here, I decided to do a massive revert of a massive "overhaul" that occurred some months ago on this page. Against the previously severe case of "categoritis" whicn OBLITERATED it, I restored this to STANDARD formatting: '''Chronological''' ordering of sourced quotes, and chronological sections within it for any source with enough quotes to merit a section, followed by attributed quotes (primarily alphabetically - to help minimize duplications). There are all manner of quotes that could fit into a wide array of categories... '''keeping things simple as possible is far more important than accommodating any editor's urges to ''classify'' things into section topics — often into ''very'' arbitrary categories''', which thoroughly mixes the most clearly sourced quotes with the most dubious, and sometimes with only one quote to a section. ~ [[User:Achilles|Achilles]] [[User_talk:Achilles|†]] 23:15, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

== Table Talk ==

Can anbody providemore reasonable evidence regarding the reliability (or not)
of 'Hitler's Table Talk'?as the source that has been given doesnt convince me.
I'm not necessarily saying that its wrong exactly, just that it would be better
to have a more scholarly source if certain quotes are going to be deemed
apocryphal on the strength of it's argument.
--[[User:Ruby Tuesday|Ruby Tuesday]] 23:14, 16 December 2005 (UTC)

The only sources that i've been able to find that supports the view that Table Talk is unreliable (including those given by the linked article) are either neo-nazis or militant atheists trying to prove that Hitler was some sort of christian fundamentalist, neither of which i would regard as reliable sources. Unless someone can cite a respected scholar who can confirm that they are not reliable quotes i dont see any reason why they should continue to be labelled as such.
--[[User:84.65.205.148|84.65.205.148]] 18:21, 18 December 2005 (UTC)

Distinguished historian Hugh Trever-Roper seems to plump for the reliability of Hitler's Table Talk in the preface. --[[Special:Contributions/174.20.135.141|174.20.135.141]] 10:30, 5 October 2010 (UTC)

~~Considering Richard Carrier's schizophrenic interpretation that Jesus must not be historical (though I certainly don't believe everything in the gospels as an atheist) because there are a few other gods who died in mythology and because the Roman's weren't interested enough in him to spend volumes talking about him (surprise - Romans don't care about vagrant Jews whom they execute), I think it would be prudent to find more than Dr. Carrier's assertion that the Table Talks are incorrect. There are millions of people in the world who speak German and Dr. Carrier is the only one capable of viewing these as incorrectly translated? I do not speak German so I have trouble properly understanding the veracity of the table talks. Even the New York Times cites documents from Nuremberg that outline Hitler's hostility towards Christianity (http://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/13/weekinreview/word-for-word-case-against-nazis-hitler-s-forces-planned-destroy-german.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm) and anyone who has read the Bible, particularly the works of Jesus, but also the works of Paul, would expect fully that someone like Hitler would, no matter what he said, have nothing but contempt for those ideologies. Is Dr. Carrier a reliable source? He has, on numerous occasions, subverted academic integrity to push agendas - whereas I am sympathetic towards him as an atheist as I am also an atheist - I do not believe that atheism calls for agenda driven revisionist history any more than Christianity calls for it.

Let's be absolutely clear: Dr. Carrier is accusing the world of a large-scale coverup regarding Hitler's religious beliefs. The inferential consequence is that these documents, also, must be fakes: http://org.law.rutgers.edu/publications/law-religion/nurinst1.shtml I have read the Bible, so, even as an atheist I don't find much of the Reich's actions to be in accordance with the dogma present therein, as I, similarly, do not believe many churches in America to be in accordance with the dogma. To me, Hitler's religion is a non-issue in that respect because I don't view it as reflecting what it regarded as the cannon. Simply because it may be beneficial to a small group, like atheists, to cast Hitler as a zealous fundamentalist Christian, does not mean that Dr. Carrier's one article, uncorroborated by other academics, is sufficient to dismiss what there should be millions of people on hand capable of verifying - that the Table Talks are correctly translated. [[User:Bloomingdedalus|Bloomingdedalus]] ([[User talk:Bloomingdedalus|talk]]) 16:15, 28 December 2013 (UTC)

==Triumph of the Will==

FYI I put up a page for ''[[Triumph of the Will]]'' in which Hitler has quite a few memorable quotes (including the infamous "Thousand Year Reich"). I haven't had time to rewatch the film (I got the lines off of IMDB) so I won't post them here yet. [[User:Palm dogg|Palm dogg]] 20:24, 25 December 2005 (UTC)

== anti-christian quotes ==

I've made some alterations to this section; i've added a few new quotes as well as some dates for them, and have deleted the section referring to alleged unreliability of Hitler's Table Talk, as i've not been able to find any credible source that supported it, and noone replied to my request for such a source (in 'Table Talk' section)
--[[User:Ruby Tuesday|Ruby Tuesday]] 23:50, 6 January 2006 (UTC)

Let me get this straight, you haven't found any reliable sources that state "Table Talk" is an unreliable source? Using that confused form of logic, I might publish a book that quotes your mother as stating you were born a club-footed hermaphrodite. Since there aren't any reliable sources published that indicate the statements are false, we should all assume it is completely true word for word.
--[[User:Nazrac|Nazrac]] 01:14, 7 August 2006 (UTC)

I haven't a clue what your point is. The 'anti-christian' section previously had a disclaimer stating that historians regarded these quotes from Table Talk and Hermann Rauschning's book to have been fakes. I found evidence against the reliability of Rauschning's work, and also a quote from a respectable historian (Ian Kershaw), which I included in the article. However, I was unable to find any evidence that 'Table Talk' was an unreliable source, or any historian who thinks it is, and when I asked if anyone had a credible source that showed that it was unreliable, i received no reply. Therefore, in the absence of any evidence to the contrary, i see no reason why any doubt should be cast on the accuracy of the source. if you have or know of any evidence that shows that Table Talk is unreliable then I would be happy to see it however.--[[User:Ruby Tuesday|Ruby Tuesday]] 13:39, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

== Restoring info and adding links ==

I restored sourcing information that was erased on a couple of speeches, along with links to the full texts.
That these speeches had been linked to a site named "hitler.org" which might make dubious claims of neutrality upon the subject of Hitler, does not ''automatically'' make the documents themselves more "dubious" than their postings at other sites such as "humanitas-international.org" where they are included with the assertion that "Adolf Hitler convicted himself with his own words. These speechs taken from throughout his long career show the depth of his obsession and the power of self delusion." In neither case should they automatically be presumed to be either genuine or false, and in any case the indicated dates and locations of the speeches should not be erased, unless proven inaccurate. I have also added a set of external links that includes links to both these sites, as well as others. ~ [[User:Rumour|Rumour]] 09:23, 1 April 2006 (UTC)

== The Political Testament of Adolf Hitler (1945) - Fake? ==

According this the so called Political Testament of Adolf Hitler quoted is a fake.
http://www.asiafinest.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=20756&st=20

This quote comes from Hitler's political testament, but this document is a fake. Francois Genoud admitted to faking it. This is not to be confused with Hitler's last political will and testament which is real and was signed by Goebbels, Burgdorf, Bormann, and Krebbs. These are two different documents. The political testament surfaced in France in 1959 and was used for Hitler's Table Talk but it was always considered dubious by some historians. In the 1970's Genoud finally admitted that it was phony.

You have to remember that Hitler's view of the Chinese was colored by the fact that he did actually regard them as an inferior race. He was not of course as fanatical a racist as Himmler was but he was one nonetheless. The Third Reich was based on a racist ideology, this is how Hitler ran his Reich. He claimed that the only newspaper that he enjoyed reading from front to back was Der Stuermer the most racist paper in Nazi Germany. Racial sciences entered the school curriculums so that even small school children could be made aware of their racial superiority early on. So where did the Chinese stand in this Nazi racial hierarchy? According to Nazi educational propaganda films, which were all personally approved by Hitler, the Orientals were one of the inferior races from which the Jewish race developed. Nazi ideology taught that the Jews are a bastardization of Orientals, Negroes, and Hamitic races. Hitler also personally referred to them as "Mongolid half-apes". Now of course he didn't hate the Chinese, he just saw them as being inferior. Look at the features that Nazi ideology glorified: tall stature, caucasian with fair skin, long sharp and angular facial features, blonde hair, large striking blue eyes. These features were so glorified that the Nazis actually "Germanized" Polish and Czech children that had these features. Since Nazi ideology was based so much on race and features, in their view the Chinese features were almost completely opposite of those which were glorified as superior: Non-Caucasian, short stature, round and flat facial features, dark hair, dark/yellowish skin, and dark eyes.

Seems reasonable to me.
: {{unsigned|58.167.64.91}}

*"You have to remember that Hitler's view of the Chinese was colored by the fact that he did actually regard them as an inferior race." (not completely true) Hitler regarded them as Honorary Aryans as well as the Japanese, He even photographed publicly wearing a Kimono.
{{unsigned|100.12.250.132}}

Hi, I've not come across this before. It's interesting, but I don't think it's a reliable enough source to be the basis for any changes to this page.--[[User:Ruby Tuesday|Ruby Tuesday]] 23:18, 10 April 2006 (UTC)

Hitler did not try to "Germanize Poles and Czechs" but rather return ethnic Germans who were inhabiting the German sudetenland and the Danzig corridor region which was territory stripped from Germany by the treaty of Versailles during the fallout immediately after World War I. In Mein Kampf he actually explicitly states, with regards to the idea of "Germanization"

During the last century it was lamentable for those who had to witness it, to notice how in these circles I have just mentioned the word 'Germanize' was frivolously played with, though the practice was often well intended. I well remember how in the days of my youth this very term used to give rise to notions which were false to an incredible degree. Even in Pan-German circles one heard the opinion expressed that the Austrian Germans might very well succeed in Germanizing the Austrian Slavs, if only the Government would be ready to co-operate. Those people did not understand that a policy of Germanization can be carried out only as regards human beings. What they mostly meant by Germanization was a process of forcing other people to speak the German language. But it is almost inconceivable how such a mistake could be made as to think that a Negro or a Chinaman will become a German because he has learned the German language and is willing to speak German for the future, and even to cast his vote for a German political party. Our bourgeois nationalists could never clearly see that such a process of Germanization is in reality de-Germanization; for even if all the outstanding and visible differences between the various peoples could be bridged over and finally wiped out by the use of a common language, that would produce a process of bastardization which in this case would not signify Germanization but the annihilation of the German element. In the course of history it has happened only too often that a conquering race succeeded by external force in compelling the people whom they subjected to speak the tongue of the conqueror and that after a thousand years their language was spoken by another people and that thus the conqueror finally turned out to be the conquered.
What makes a people or, to be more correct, a race, is not language but blood. Therefore it would be justifiable to speak of Germanization only if that process could change the blood of the people who would be subjected to it, which is obviously impossible. A change would be possible only by a mixture of blood, but in this case the quality of the superior race would be debased. The final result of such a mixture would be that precisely those qualities would be destroyed which had enabled the conquering race to achieve victory over an inferior people. It is especially the cultural creativeness which disappears when a superior race intermixes with an inferior one, even though the resultant mongrel race should excel a thousandfold in speaking the language of the race that once had been superior. For a certain time there will be a conflict between the different mentalities, and it may be that a nation which is in a state of progressive degeneration will at the last moment rally its cultural creative power and once again produce striking examples of that power. But these results are due only to the activity of elements that have remained over from the superior race or hybrids of the first crossing in whom the superior blood has remained dominant and seeks to assert itself. But this will never happen with the final descendants of such hybrids. These are always in a state of cultural retrogression.
We must consider it as fortunate that a Germanization of Austria according to the plan of Joseph II did not succeed. Probably the result would have been that the Austrian State would have been able to survive, but at the same time participation in the use of a common language would have debased the racial quality of the German element. In the course of centuries a certain herd instinct might have been developed but the herd itself would have deteriorated in quality. A national State might have arisen, but a people who had been culturally creative would have disappeared.
For the German nation it was better that this process of intermixture did not take place, although it was not renounced for any high-minded reasons but simply through the short-sighted pettiness of the Habsburgs. If it had taken place the German people could not now be looked upon as a cultural factor.
Not only in Austria, however, but also in the Reich, these so-called national circles were, and still are, under the influence of similar erroneous ideas. Unfortunately, a policy towards Poland, whereby the East was to be Germanized, was demanded by many and was based on the same false reasoning. Here again it was believed that the Polish people could be Germanized by being compelled to use the German language. The result would have been fatal. A people of foreign race would have had to use the German language to express modes of thought that were foreign to the German, thus compromising by its own inferiority the dignity and nobility of our nation.
It is revolting to think how much damage is indirectly done to German prestige today through the fact that the German patois of the Jews when they enter the United States enables them to be classed as Germans, because many Americans are quite ignorant of German conditions. Among us, nobody would think of taking these unhygienic immigrants from the East for members of the German race and nation merely because they mostly speak German.
--[[User:Nazrac|Nazrac]] 01:32, 7 August 2006 (UTC)

François Genoud NEVER said that the Testament was a fake. Only [[David Irving]] said that. Practically all historians consider it to be real. Pierre Pean in his biograpy of François Genoud in 1996 said that the Testament was real. This document is cited by a lot of historians in recent works about Hitler (see ''Adolf Hitler: The Definitive Biography'' (1991) by [[John Toland]], ''Inside Hitler's Bunker: The Last Days of the Third Reich'' (2005) by [[Joachim Fest]], ''Masters of Death: The SS-Einsatzgruppen and the Invention of the Holocaust'' (2002) by [[Richard Rhodes]], ''Last Battle: The Classic History of the Battle for Berlin'' by [[Cornelius Ryan]] etc). As John Toland says in his Hitler's biography (p.862), "...in 1959, these revealing statements, each page authenticated by Bormann's signature were finally published under the title ''The Testament of Adolph Hitler, the Hitler-Bormann Documents."--[[Special:Contributions/90.41.32.193|90.41.32.193]] 22:21, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

==Are there any actual Hitler quotes?==

Or any evidence whatsoever pointing towards Hitler being a Christian other than public or Paramilitary speeches or Mein Kampf (which we can discount for obvious reasons)?

None as far as I can tell, because he wasn't. Just have a look at the anti-christian section to see his views on it.--[[User:Ruby Tuesday|Ruby Tuesday]] 18:02, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

Why is there such an effort being made to portray Hitler as anti-christian? The fact is there are as many positive statements about Christianity out there as there are negative. The difference seems to be most or all of the negative statements are sourced from people who claim to have been present when Hitler said them, there aren't any truely verifiable sources.
--[[User:Nazrac|Nazrac]] 01:36, 7 August 2006 (UTC)

Well, I suppose that if Christans want Hitler they can have him. Dawkins will be relived that he has only one evil atheist guy with a mustache to criticise and be relived he can blame the holocaust on religion too.

== Cleanup needed ==

I will attempt to clean this article up a bit more sometime in the next week or so; there has been much disjointed editing and formating, with some loss and disorganized additions. I removed one recent addition that seems that it might be a paraphrase based upon some statements rather than a quote: "If you win you dont need to explain, and if you loose you are not there to explain." There were no occurrences of it other than on Wikiquote on a Google search I did. ~ [[User:Kalki|Kalki]] 14:47, 13 September 2006 (UTC)

== Bad taste ==

I find improper the association of Paula Hitler's quote ("I would have preferred it if he'd followed his original ambition and become an architect.") with the picture of dozens of SS murdered slave workers. I'm not against the quote, nor against the image, i just think that put together they create almost an outrageous mocking of those victims. I'm removing it. [[User:82.58.169.151|82.58.169.151]] 05:38, 9 December 2006 (UTC)

No it just shows the degenration of the whole thing, it shows how the state became the tool to satisfy personal fantasies.

== Religion based quotes? ==

In the interest of impartiality, I find it odd that a significant number of the quotes are pertaining to the Christian religion. I do understand that Hilter's ideology and political motivations came from an anti-semitic standpoint, but my understanding is that this did not span from a deep Christian belief system. Indeed, if I can refer to an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazism#Religion article on Wikipedia], it would appear that Christianity was, when looked at cynically, simply a tool to spread the Nazi message. Surely Hitler made far more (recorded) speeches that did not refer to Christanity than are noted here. I by no means offer these quotes, but question why we have so many religious ones? --[[User:Tda 666|Dan]] 05:13, 3 March 2007 (UTC)

I agree, why is every single one quote about God or Christianity? I'll guess that's because people want to associate Hitler with Christianity, but wouldn't quotes of the Mein Kampf or some political (not religious) speech be of more significance for people that want to know the guy's ideas? And if the criteria for inclusion is thought-provoking and irony, why not the quintessential Hitler quote? From the Mein Kampf (Guttemberg version, from the link of this page): "Because the broad masses of a nation are always more easily corrupted in the deeper strata of their emotional nature than consciously or voluntarily; and thus in the primitive simplicity of their minds they more readily fall victims to the big lie than the small lie, since they themselves often tell small lies in little matters but would be ashamed to resort to large-scale falsehoods," the irony being that Hitler had to lie himself (he accuses the Jews of doing that) to get dictatorial power. --[[User:200.222.30.9|200.222.30.9]] 12:44, 25 August 2007 (UTC)

I am also struck by just how many quotes reference God and Christianity. Why does the entry look like this? [[Special:Contributions/72.224.162.71|72.224.162.71]] 05:13, 3 March 2007 (UTC)

The writer of this article is trying to link Hitler's crimes to Christianity, which seriously compromises this article's neutrality. The NPOV tag should be added. --[[User:Manfi|Manfi]] 05:13, 10 October 2008 (UTC)

There is way, way too much about God, Christianity and the Chruch here... It realy hurts the quality of the artice.

Yes I agree. It makes the article look completely biased.

We should really just retitle this "Hitler's statements about religion" [[Special:Contributions/67.160.200.220|67.160.200.220]] 12:16, 15 February 2010 (UTC)

Are there no rules regarding the objectivity of the authors? All of these quotes are obviously limited to and therefore biased toward the depiction of Hitler as a Christian. It seems the author has a clear motive to debase Christianity by selectively using only Hitler's quotes which refer to God or Christianity. Quite frankly this is a disservice to those seeking a broader range of Hitler's quotes.

I'm guessing those are his more famous quotes. If you object, add some non-religious ones. :)

== More clean-up needed! ==

I've done some general clean-up, regularlized formatting, putting into chronological order, etc., but someone '''''really''''' needs to delve into this article and do some editorial cuts. It seems to me that about 75% of it is repetitive in terms of the idea expressed (not a surprise, considering the source) and could be eliminated in favor of the one best expression.

There really is '''''much''''' too much here. [[User:Ed Fitzgerald|Ed Fitzgerald]] 22:44, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

The whole thing reads like the result of an edit war between people arguing over whether or not Hitler was a Christian. This issue may warrant some attention, but it is certainly a secondary concern. The most important thing about Hitler is not that he was or wasn't a Christian. Because of this the page is all but unusable.
: {{unsigned|128.252.78.83}}

I'm forced to agree with this sentiment; articles such as these are why college professors refuse to allow their students to cite wikipedia. Christian doctrinal statements made by a professed occultist are more than a little suspect, and in any case, the objective of this article should not be to relate what Hitler thought only on one particular (and almost needlessly polarized) subject, but to use the man's own words to give some insight into his complete worldview. --[[User:Krusatta|Krusatta]] 09:12, 9 February 2009 (UTC)

== Well ==

Is there a reason that under the picture of Hitler there is a quote to wage war? This seems a bit biased since anyone who knows history in depth can point the ambition of war towards the likes of the Allied forces.

:You know, I was just saying to my brother-in-law what a shame it was that Britain and France took it upon themselves to '''''force''''' Hitler into re-militarizing the Rhineland and conquering or annexing Czechoslovakia, Poland, Austria, Denmark and Norway. If they had '''''just''''' left him alone, there would have been peace, because Hitler was a peaceful and beneficent man, concerned only with the Christian virtues of charity, forgiveness and love.On the other hand, those are Hitler's very words, and considering his many "accomplishments", I'd say its a fitting representation of his thinking. So I think it's best not to alter it. [[User:Ed Fitzgerald|Ed Fitzgerald]] 01:36, 16 October 2007 (UTC)

== "I know that in the scientific sense there's no such thing as race" - Adolf Hitler ==

:[[w:Hermann Rauschning|Hermann Rauschning]], an early colleague, quoted Hitler as stating:

:''I know perfectly well…that in the scientific sense there is no such thing as race. But you, as a farmer and cattle breeder, cannot get your breeding successfully achieved without the conception of race. And I as a politician need a conception which enables the order which has hitherto existed on historic bases to be abolished and an entirely and new anti-historic order enforced and given an intellectual basis…And for this purpose the conception of race serves me well… With the conception of race, National Socialism will carry the revolution abroad and re-cast the world (iii).

:iii. Rauschning, Hermann, Hitler Speaks (London, 1939), pp. 113, 229-30, as cited in Pipes, Richard, Russia under the Bolshevik Regime (New York, 1993), p. 280.

I've found it in this [http://www.randomhouse.com/catalog/display.pperl?isbn=9780679454649&view=excerpt online excerpt of "Cruel world", by LH Nicholas, at Random House.] The wikipedia's article about Rausching, however, cast doubts on his reliability as a source, at least for me, not an expert on this subject. --[[User:Extremophile|Extremophile]] 21:24, 21 December 2007 (UTC)

==Famous Quotes on Hitler==
David Lloyd George: “I have never met a happier people than the Germans and Hitler is one of the greatest men. The old trust him; the young idolise him. It is the worship of a national hero who has saved his country.” (Daily Express, September 17, 1936)

Winston Churchill: “If our country were defeated I should hope we should find a champion as indomitable to restore our courage and lead us back to our place among the nations.” (Step By Step, p. 143)

Winston Churchill: “In fifteen years that have followed this resolve, he has succeeded in restoring Germany to the most powerful position in Europe, and not only has he restored the position of his country, but he has even, to a very great extent, reversed the results of the Great War…. The vanquished are in the process of becoming the victors and the victors the vanquished…. Whatever else might be thought about these exploits they are certainly among the most remarkable in the whole history of the world.” (1935)

Theodor Heuss: “He moved souls, the will to sacrifice, and great devotion, enthralling and enthusiastically inspiring everyone by his appearance.”

Daily Mail: “He succeeded in ascending to the highest power-position in Germany with very little spilling of blood or loss of human life in a land of 68 million inhabitants. Austria was annexed without one shot being fired.” (May 20, 1938)

The Observer: “Last May, I returned, bringing my family for another sojourn, after two years spent in other European countries. I found a Germany which has advanced miraculously from the point of 1933. I found political solidarity, a wholesome tone in the life of city dweller and country dweller alike. I found living costs materially reduced and an unmistakable optimism on every hand. In every quarter I found the same answer to my questioning: Profound belief in the genius of the Leader, love and admiration for him as an individual. My observations have covered a wide range of social classification. I have talked with the humblest type of labourers, with merchants, professional men. I have yet to discover a dissenting voice to the question of loyalty to the Fuehrer. My two young daughters are attending German public schools and are receiving an education which in thoroughness could be equalled in few countries.” (John L. Garvin)

George Bernard Shaw: “It was evident that Germany needed only a resolute and clear-headed leader to denounce the Treaty; declare her determination to assert her full equality with the Powers, and refuse to be disarmed, plundered and chastised under the pretext of reparations and ‘war guilt’, to rally to him every living soul whose native language was German, and at the same time take a great step towards peace in Europe by proving that neither France nor England nor the United States dare outrage humanity by attempting military occupation of her territory on the model of the old partitions of Poland; in short, that instead of Europe being plunged into war she would be dragged back from the brink of it by Germany.… Herr Hitler seized the hour and said the word, and France and England immediately climbed down, preserving their dignity by lecturing the Chancellor solemnly on his naughty behaviour as they descended.… Mr. Vernon Bartlett was soundly berated by the Foreign Office for imploring all lovers of peace to believe in the perfect sincerity of Herr Hitler’s assurance that a free Germany would be a peaceful Germany, but 95% of the listeners who wrote to him wanted to have him appointed Foreign Secretary. When I said that Herr Hitler’s action was right and inevitable, the storm of abuse that was about to bust on me was suddenly checked by Mr. Lloyd George saying exactly the same thing.... Europe breathed again. The beginnings of a British popularity set in for Herr Hitler as they had set in years before for Signor Mussolini, in spite of all the liberal protests, and it only remains to watch the results of the forthcoming general election in Germany, in which it is inconceivable that a single vote should be cast against him, even by the angriest German Jew or German Communist.” (The Observer, November 5th, 1933)

John F. Kennedy: After visiting these two places (the town of Berchtesgaden and Obersalzberg) you can easily understand how that within a few years Hitler will emerge from the hatred that surrounds him now as one of the most significant figures who ever lived. He had in him the stuff of which legends are made. (Prelude to Leadership, the European diary of J.F Kennedy, Summer, 1945.)

Jesse Owens, black American Olympic athlete: “When I passed the Chancellor he arose, waved his hand at me, and I waved back at him. I think the writers showed bad taste in criticising the man of the hour in Germany.” (Richard D. Mandell, The Nazi Olympics)

The Marquess of Lothian: “I think that it must be admitted that National Socialism has done a great deal for Germany. It has undoubtedly cleaned up Germany in the ordinary moral sense of the word. The defeatism, the corruption so manifest a characteristic in the days after the war has disappeared, at any rate from public view. It has given discipline and order and a sense of purpose to the great majority of young people who in earlier days did not know where to go or what they were living for.” (British Ambassador to Washington, June 29, 1937)

Readers Digest: “That Hitler’s conquest of the hearts and minds of all classes of Germans is now so complete that even if all his Brown Shirts and Steel Helmets were to be disbanded tomorrow he would still be easily the strongest man in Germany, and on any appeal to the electorate would be confirmed in power by a quite overwhelming majority of votes.... Hitler is recognised by the whole of the political and official intelligentsia as an exceedingly able man.... As of the militarist question, one may say with complete certainty that what Hitler said in his Reichstag speech on May 17 was exactly what he meant and accurately represents the policy that he will pursue.... I found no German who dreamed of the possibility of war, few who did not hope that it might be prevented in the future altogether. The truth is that the Nazi mind is concentrated on the internal problems of Germany and does not want to be bothered by foreign affairs for a long time to come.... Hitler has passed from the stage of party leader to being the national prophet of an exceedingly serious people, and it would need another prophet to replace him.” (Clifford Sharp, former editor of the New Statesman writing in The New Statesman and Nation and reprinted in Readers Digest, September, 1933)

Joseph Goebbels: “This century will be named and shaped after Adolf Hitler.”

Eve Braun to her sister: “I must write you these words so that you will not feel sad over our end here in the shelter. It is rather we who are filled with sorrow because it is your fate to live on into the chaos that will follow. For myself, I am glad to die here; glad to be at the side of the Fuhrer; foremost of all, glad that the horror now to come is spared me.”

Joseph Goebbels to his stepson, Harald: “My Dear Harald! We sit locked in the Fuhrer’s shelter in the RC., fighting for lives and honour. I hardly believe that we shall ever see each other again; therefore, it is likely that these will be the last lines you will ever receive from me. I expect from you, should you outlive this war, that you do only that which will honour your mother and father.... Germany will outlive this terrible war, but only if it has examples upon which to guide its reconstruction. Such an example we want to give here. Do not let yourself be confused by the uproar that will now reign throughout the world. The lies will one day break down under their own weight and the truth will again triumph. The hour will come when we shall stand pure and undefiled as our aims and beliefs have always been.... Farewell, my dear Harald. Whether we shall ever see each other again lies in the hand of God. If it is not to be, then always be proud to have belonged to a family that even in the face of disaster remains true to the Fuehrer to the very last and true to his pure and Holy cause. All the best and my heartfelt greetings. Your Papa.”

General Leon Degrelle: “Hitler was the greatest statesman Europe has ever known. History will prove that when whipped up emotions have died down. He was more matter of fact, generally more unfolded than Napoleon. Napoleon was more of a vanquishing, empire-founding Frenchman than a true European. Hitler, in his being a man of his time, dreamed of an enduring, just, honest Europe, unified by the initiative of the victor. A Europe however in which each ethnic group could develop according to their merits and accomplishments. The proof of this is that he offered Petain his hand. Just as Bismarck knew how to outgrow Prussia and become a German, so Hitler soon changed from being a German to being a European. At an early stage he disconnected himself from imperialistic ambition.... Without any difficulty he began to think of himself as a European and initiated the creation of a Europe in which Germany, like Prussia in Bismarck’s time, was to be the foundation stone.... Some comrades of the Fuhrer might still have been short-sighted Pan-Germanists. But Hitler had the genius, the right scale, the absence of bias and the necessary vision to accomplish the terrific task.... He had an authority, not to be found a second time in the history of the continent. His success would have established the wealth and civilisation of Europe for centuries, probably forever. Hitler’s plans for Europe would have meant a blessing for us all.”

== Sieg Heil ==
Hello, I believe Hitler "invented" this interjection. Should it go under speeches? [[Special:Contributions/81.69.203.77|81.69.203.77]] 18:21, 29 June 2008 (UTC)
:Give a source that proves it is his creation, please. Otherwise it is not welcome for anyone to add their personal belief.--[[User:Aphaia|Aphaia]] 10:55, 10 October 2008 (UTC)

Hm, Wikipedia says the phrase might be older than nazism, a citation there lacks however. [[Special:Contributions/81.69.3.248|81.69.3.248]] 19:14, 9 February 2009 (UTC)

== No neutrality ==

If this article is written from a 'neutral perspective', then I must be seeing things. Just look at this: 'The test of greatness as applied to a political leader is the success of his plans and his enterprises, which means his ability to reach the goal for which he sets out.' - The quote is put in context right next to a picture of a news paper with the title 'Hitler is DEAD'.

Not only does it lack neutrality, but it's also quite childish. When will you people finally change this?
: of course not neutral!
: People who run this page only block innocent, nothin will be changed, i added one word which is correct grammar, yet they reverted it, shows how stupid they really are!

:: It's so infantile, I run into the page and the first thing is the picture with the cherry picked quote "I want war".
:: All this is old and tired.

== Bad References ==

A number of the external links are either dead (adolfhitler.ws) or to dubious sources (e.g., hitler.org). [[User:Bytwerk|Bytwerk]] 02:36, 29 July 2010 (UTC)

== Storm clouds ==

Is there a reason why the quote concerning Hitler's purpose on Earth (''not here to make men better...'' or something to that effect) is shown under a picture of storm clouds? Not only is it biased, it essentially amounts to propaganda - the use of which Hitler is frequently criticized for. --[[User:I, Englishman|I, Englishman]][[User talk:I, Englishman|Wouldst thou speak?]] • [[Special:Contributions/I, Englishman|Handiwork]] 19:43, 17 August 2010 (UTC)

== Hitler on the Arabs (''inferior race'') as "monkeys" - Calling to continue to stir unrest in the Arab world==
A. Hitler to his military commanders in 1939:
<blockquote>"We will continue to stir up unrest ... in Arabia. Let us think of ourselves as masters and consider these people at best as lacquered half-monkeys who need to feel the whip [lit., knout]."</blockquote>

The German original runs:

<blockquote>"Wir warden weiterhin die Unruhe ... in Arabien schüren. Denken wir als Herren und sehen wir in diesen Volkern bestenfalls lackierte Halbaffen, die die Knute spüren wollen."</blockquote><ref>Deutschland and Japan zwischen den Mächten, 1935-1940 Theo Sommer, Mohr, 1962, [http://books.google.com/books?id=CxIwAAAAIAAJ&dq=halbaffen p. 298]</ref><ref>Die Welt des Islams, Volumes 25-26, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Islamkunde, 1985 [http://books.google.com/books?&id=FGwMAQAAMAAJ&dq=halbaffen p. 140]</ref><ref>Der Hitler-Stalin-Pakt: eine völkerrechtliche Studie, Gilbert-Hanno Gornig, P. Lang, 1990, [http://books.google.com/books?id=RUasAAAAIAAJ&dq=halbaffen p. 144]</ref><ref>The Jews in modern Egypt, 1914-1952, Gudrun Krämer, I. B. Tauris (1989) [http://books.google.com/books?id=n6qjaDq1sRwC&printsec=onepage&q=half-apes p. 262]</ref><ref>Deutschlands Araberpolitik im Zweiten Weltkrieg, Heinz Tillmann (1965) [http://books.google.com/books?&id=g3vRAAAAMAAJ&dq=Halbaffen p. 58]</ref><ref>Islam in inter-war Europe, Nathalie Clayer, Eric Germain (2008) [http://books.google.com/books?id=7cjFFgvUdDUC&pg=PA293 p. 293]</ref><ref>Der Hitler-Stalin-Pakt: eine völkerrechtliche Studie, Gilbert-Hanno Gornig, P. Lang, 1990, [http://books.google.com/books?id=RUasAAAAIAAJ&dq=halbaffen p. 144] [http://www.wfu.edu/history/StudentWork/AsiaPacificWar/asia-pacific-scott/documents.htm German-Soviet Pact]</ref>
{{reflist}} [[User:ChestyOne|ChestyOne]] 19:04, 28 February 2011 (UTC)

This actually is propaganda, it has no cocordance with what Hitler said on Arabs in his 1939 speech, and is quotes, so yeah surely britannic propaganda.

== Wrong translation? ==

It seems like the quotation
:''In saying this, I promise you I am quite free of all racial hatred. It is, in any case, undesirable that one race should mix with other races''
is a translation of
:''Selbst wer sieh frei weiß von Gefühlen des Rassenstolzes, muß zugeben, daß für keine Rasse die Vermischung mit einer anderen Rasse wünschenswert ist.''
(Hitlers Politisches Testament, 13. Februar 1945)[http://www.archive.org/stream/HitlersPolitischesTestament/PTAHG_djvu.txt]

I'm not a native German speaker, but I know some German, and this translation doesn't make sense to me. I would translate it as something like
:''Even those who are free of all racial pride, must admit that for no race, the mixing with another race is desirable''
which conveys a very different meaning. Other opinions on this? [[User:Danmichaelo|Danmichaelo]] 10:55, 6 August 2011 (UTC)

I am native german. A better translation would be: ''Even those without racial pride have to admit that for no race there is a benefit in mixing with another race.''

==Сhimera called conscience==
"I am freeing men from the wearisome restrictions of the mind, from the dirty and degrading self-mortifications of a chimera called conscience and morality, and from the demands of a freedom and personal independence which a very few enjoy."(Rauschning, Hermann, The Voice of Destruction, New York, 1940, Page 225.)[http://avalon.law.yale.edu/imt/02-08-46.asp]

It should be added!
[[Special:Contributions/194.186.62.37|194.186.62.37]] 11:52, 16 November 2011 (UTC)

::It was in a book. That must mean Hitler said it. Brilliant. Is this how Wikipedia works? [[User:Firtree|Firtree]] ([[User talk:Firtree|talk]]) 17:54, 11 February 2013 (UTC)

=="We are Socialists"==
This quote is falsely attributed to Hitler. The correct attribution is to another Nazi, Gregor Strasser. An early citation can be found in Strasser's 1928 ''Freiheit und Brot'' [http://books.google.com/books?id=qlQTAQAAMAAJ] (it was published earlier, in 1927, in an article ''Ziele und Wege''). The full quote, in German, is: "Wir sind Sozialisten, sind Feinde, Todfeinde des heutigen kapitalistischen Wirtschaftssystems mit seiner Ausbeutung der wirtschaftlich Schwachen, mit seiner Ungerechtigkeit der Entlohnung, mit seiner unsittlichen Wertung der Menschen nach Vermögen und Geld, statt nach Verantwortung und Leistung und wir sind entschlossen, dieses System unter allen Umständen zu vernichten!"[[Special:Contributions/76.250.38.79|76.250.38.79]] 22:42, 8 August 2012 (UTC)

=="I want war"==

Where did Snyder get that quotation from? Sounds to me like he made it up. If Hitler had expressed any idiotic sentiment like that in such incoherent babble, he'd have been committed. Remember, the German generals were ready to take over power and imprison Hitler if his demands re Austria failed. I don't see why anyone who knows anything about Hitler would attribute such nonsense to him. No wonder well-known historians don't touch the quotation even with a long stick. [[User:Firtree|Firtree]] ([[User talk:Firtree|talk]]) 04:59, 7 December 2012 (UTC)

It appears to be a passage from page 11 in Rauschning's book. No historian quotes from Rauschning's "The Voice of Destruction" anymore.
"To me all means will be right. My motto is not: 'Don't, whatever you do, annoy the enemy!' My motto is: 'Destroy him by all and any means.' I am the one who will wage the war!" [Rauschning, The Voice of Destruction, p. 10]

=="The best way to take control over a people..."==
This one is going around the internet, claiming that it's from the Mein Kampf, but i can't see any trace of it there. Does anyone know anything about it?

"The best way to take control over a people and control them utterly is to take a little of their freedom at a time, to erode rights by a thousand tiny and almost imperceptible reductions. In this way, the people will not see those rights and freedoms being removed until past the point at which these changes cannot be reversed."{{unsigned|5.76.185.228}}

:I guess whoever attributed that to Hitler thought that adding "Mein Kampf" as a source would give it more credibility, but I don't think anyone will be able to find it there, that quote is obviously completely made up... ~ [[User:DanielTom|DanielTom]] ([[User talk:DanielTom|talk]]) 11:26, 17 February 2014 (UTC)

I found this exact quote. Its from Chapter Eleven of a book called Willfully Ignorant by Pat Miller. Pat Miller is the source of this quote I believe.

: I can confirm that chapter eleven of Pat Miller's 'Willfully Ignorant' does in fact contain this exact quote[https://books.google.ca/books?id=C9enAgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=erode&f=false], with attribution to: ''Adolf Hitler - Mein Kampf''. Thank you for the evidence, anonymous contributor. [[User:IOHANNVSVERVS|IOHANNVSVERVS]] ([[User talk:IOHANNVSVERVS|talk]]) 05:50, 4 July 2015 (UTC)

I first found the "quote" at the Association of British Drivers' website back in 2004, where it was attributed to Adolf Hitler but not specifically Mein Kampf. Nowadays the organisation is known as the Alliance of British Drivers and they've removed it from the website. I think the "taking away freedoms a little at a time" is mainly a modern negative side-effect of well-intentioned risk averse attitudes, typically involving legislating repeatedly for a small but dangerous minority of offenders. It is unlikely that Hitler would even have considered the "a little at a time" idea in his long-term plans. --[[User:Tws45|Tws45]] ([[User talk:Tws45|talk]]) 23:47, 16 July 2016 (UTC)

:Indeed, here it is, at the legacy site: http://original.abd.org.uk/resources/quotes/politics.htm (second one down on the right). --[[User:Tws45|Tws45]] ([[User talk:Tws45|talk]]) 23:58, 16 July 2016 (UTC)

Also from the same website, but with a date attribution of 1936. http://original.abd.org.uk/downloads/otr/ABD_OTR_80.pdf Text is on page 12.

=="I want to raise a generation of young people devoid of conscience - imperious, relentless, and cruel."==
This quote is often circulated on blogs but I haven't been able to find a source for it. Ravi Zacharias quotes it in "The End of Reason" and claims it is inscribed over one of the gas chambers in Auschwitz. Does anybody have any information on the validity of this quote?
: No printed sources are revealed by a quick Google search, though numerous citations of the inscription can be found. If you do know a published source of this, it can perhaps be placed in the "Disputed" section, and further information might eventually surface. ~ ♞[[User:Kalki/Kalkiswords|☤]][[User:Kalki/Magic|☮]]♌[[User:Kalki|Kalki]]·[[User talk:Kalki|†]]·[[User:Kalki/index|⚓]]⊙[[User:Kalki/Chronology|☳]][[User:Kalki/Vox Box|☶]]⚡ 18:27, 20 April 2013 (UTC)
:: One source claims that it is written [http://books.google.pt/books?ei=HuByUd-DGKuN7AaVpoGYBA&hl=pt-PT&id=-PcPAQAAMAAJ&dq=%22imperious%2C+relentless%2C+and+cruel.%22&q=%22On+a+wall+at+Auschwitz%22#search_anchor "on a wall at Auschwitz"], which is what Zacharias cites (quoted [http://books.google.pt/books?id=oj5yzY20o3gC&pg=PA11&dq=%22on+a+wall+plaque+at+the+Auschwitz+Death+Camp%22&hl=pt-PT&sa=X&ei=3ONyUYrPG43e7Aamr4HQAQ&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA here], "on a wall plaque at the Auschwitz Death Camp"). The [[w:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|Holocaust Museum]] also quotes Hitler as saying: "I want to raise a generation of young people who are devoid of conscience, imperious, relentless, and cruel." (See [http://books.google.pt/books?ei=ld5yUcvjCuS47AaD5YCYCg&hl=pt-PT&id=fEVCSNTasa8C&dq=%22imperious%2C+relentless%2C+and+cruel%22&q=%22The+haunting+words%22#search_anchor here].) Apparently, that is indeed inscribed [http://books.google.pt/books?id=cbfVg_1qhe0C&pg=PA82&dq=%22Over+one+of+the+doors+at+the+Auschwitz+museum+%22&hl=pt-PT&sa=X&ei=6eJyUZrTLoee7AbAwIHAAg&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA "over one of the doors at the Auschwitz museum"]. With regards to its actual origins, one book states that the quote "I desire to create a generation without conscience, imperious, relentless and cruel" was said [http://books.google.pt/books?id=ElDkDBcOx1gC&pg=PA155&dq=%22imperious,+relentless,+and+cruel.%22&hl=pt-PT&sa=X&ei=xOByUeTLJ8SM7Qbk74AQ&ved=0CDQQ6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q=%22In%20a%20speech%20to%20the%20Hitler%20youth%20in%20Nuremberg%22&f=false in a speech to the Hitler youth in Nuremberg]. (I don't find it very reliable, though.) ~ [[User:DanielTom|DanielTom]] ([[User talk:DanielTom|talk]]) 19:01, 20 April 2013 (UTC)

The actual quote on the plaque at Auschwitz is “I freed Germany from the stupid and degrading fallacies of conscience, morality...We will train young people before whom the whole world will tremble. I want young people capable of violence, imperious, relentless, cruel.” [http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Ov6BNRJGSqE/SOT3tFQIIkI/AAAAAAAABSs/izLJ6-CzTxA/s320/HPIM3520.JPG Photo of the plaque at Auschwitz]

The wiki photo seems to be identical to that found at the blog spot named THE SLOVAKIA EXPERIENCE- A Journey in the Land of Castles; http://scottboeser.blogspot.com/2008_10_01_archive.html The author of the blog says he photographed this quote in Auschwitz in October 2nd 2008. Quoted is as I found it on December 15th 2016. Absent any evidence to the contrary, the museum's claim that this is a quote from a speech given by Hitler has the uthority of the museum behind it.

== Minimal Edit Suggested ==

The quote from February 1945 includes the following line:

"Out of this bate a holy will is born to oppose these destroyers..."

I believe the word should be "hate," not "bate."

Carry on.

- Davout
: This does seem to be correct, and to have been published as such in [http://books.google.com/books?id=yLNIAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Out+of+this+hate+a+holy+will+is+born+to+oppose+these+destroyers%22&dq=%22Out+of+this+hate+a+holy+will+is+born+to+oppose+these+destroyers%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Au7WUtDtEqXgsASJnYLIAg&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA ''Voices of History''] (1945), although the snippet itself does not show this. Someone else has already corrected the page. ~ ♞[[User:Kalki/Kalkiswords|☤]][[User:Kalki/Magic|☮]]♌[[User:Kalki|Kalki]]·[[User talk:Kalki|†]]·[[User:Kalki/index|⚓]]⊙[[User:Kalki/Chronology|☳]][[User:Kalki/Vox Box|☶]]⚡ 20:27, 15 January 2014 (UTC)
:: Not sure about "corrected", just changed. Note that "bate" also appears in published works [http://books.google.pt/books?id=gKlfcaKvD3oC&pg=PT14&dq=%22Out+of+this+bate+a+holy+will+is+born+to+oppose%22&hl=pt-PT&sa=X&ei=w-_WUq_xG4-I7Aa8sIGICw&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Out%20of%20this%20bate%20a%20holy%20will%20is%20born%20to%20oppose%22&f=false], so this is something that needs to be confirmed. In the meantime, I agree "hate" is most likely correct; thanks Davout for pointing it out. ~ [[User:DanielTom|DanielTom]] ([[User talk:DanielTom|talk]]) 20:38, 15 January 2014 (UTC)

==Not Officialy Fuerher Till 1935==

This says he was dictator from 1934. You could say he was dictator since the Enabling Act, but that was 1933. He did not combine the head of state and head of government till Hindenburg died in 1935, taking the official title of Fuerher to describe this. But 1934 is wrong however you figure it. Suggest another date be picked, with brief explanation of why. [[Special:Contributions/67.188.213.31|67.188.213.31]] 00:19, 19 January 2014 (UTC)

== Spell Check ==

Since the article is protected, can someone run a spell check over it and make the necessary corrections?

== Pinochet views on hitler ==

I quote

"He could have a thousand faults, but I do not blame anyone in particular and I despise brutality with which the Nazis acted against Israelites; but the fault is not only of Hitler, but a group of high-ranked dignitaries."

"Ego sum Pinochet" 1989, Inteview to [[Augusto Pinochet]], authors Raquel Correa and Elizabeth Subercaseaux. [http://www.guerraeterna.com/archives/2006/12/pinochet_y_hitl.html 1]

== Misattributed: "He alone, who owns the youth ..." ==

''"He alone, who owns the youth, gains the future"''

It was his intention, but not his speech. And who is "he" in this sentence? I searches and it is everywhere referenced to "[[w:Reichsparteitag]] 1935". I found it here: http://www.nizkor.org/hweb/imt/nca/nca-01/nca-01-07-means-46.html with following text. ''"He alone, who owns the youth, gains the Future! Practical consequences of this doctrine: The boy will enter the Jungvolk (boy 10-14) and the Pmpf (members of the Jungvolk) ..."'' ("Pmpf" is false, it is "Pimpf". The references are declared here: http://www.nizkor.org/hweb/imt/nca/nca-01/nca-01-07-means-47.html 2656-PS: ''The Bearer of Sovereignty, from speech of the Fuehrer at the Reichsparteitag'', 1935. Vol. V Pg.365 & 2401-PS: ''The Hitler Youth as recruits for future leaders, from Organization Book of NSDAP'', 1938, pp. 80-81. (USA 430) Vol. V Pg.69 ).

I take all the following oranisation names in German and made a search and found: "Die Reden Hitlers am Parteitag der Freiheit 1935. / Beim SA.-Appell in der Luitpold-Arena" http://www.wintersonnenwende.com/scriptorium/deutsch/archiv/parteitag1935/pt193511.html And there is: ''"Der Knabe, er wird eintreten in das Jungvolk, und der Pimpf, er wird kommen zur Hitler-Jugend, und der Junge der Hitler-Jugend, er wird dann einrücken in die SA., in die SS. und die anderen Verbände, und die SA.-Männer und die SS.-Männer werden eines Tages einrücken zum Arbeitsdienst und von dort zur Armee, und der Soldat des Volkes wird zurückkehren wieder in die Organisation der Bewegung, der Partei, in SA. und SS., und niemals mehr wird unser Volk dann so verkommen, wie es leider einst verkommen war!""'' This is all from nizkor.org without ''"He alone, who owns the youth, gains the Future! Practical consequences of this doctrine:"'' This must be a comment from a citating author. The "He" must be Hitler. --[[User:Fg68at|Fg68at]] ([[User talk:Fg68at|talk]]) 02:33, 8 June 2014 (UTC)

From ''"The boy will enter the Jungvolk ... / Der Knabe, er wird eintreten in das Jungvolk ..."'' on it is also part in the Trial in Nürnberg: http://www.zeno.org/Geschichte/M/Der+N%C3%BCrnberger+Proze%C3%9F/Hauptverhandlungen/Zweiundzwanzigster+Tag.+Dienstag,+18.+Dezember+1945/Nachmittagssitzung --[[User:Fg68at|Fg68at]] ([[User talk:Fg68at|talk]]) 05:18, 9 June 2014 (UTC)

:It's true that this quote is so referenced in the vast majority of places, but not quite "everywhere." The earliest citation of which I am aware -- albeit punctuated with an exclamation point, rather than a period ("He alone, who owns the youth, gains the Future!") -- appears on p 139 (PDF p 339) of Vol I of the so-called Red Series, "Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression, Prepared by the Office of the United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality, Nuremberg [sic], Germany, 1945-1946," identified as "A Collection of Documentary Evidence and Guide Materials Prepared by the American and British Prosecuting Staffs for Presentation before the International Military Tribunal at Nurnberg [sic]," etc. at https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/pdf/NT_Nazi_Vol-I.pdf

:The first document cited, "2656-PS," is identified in the same volume's "Legal References and List of Documents Relating to Reshaping of Education and Training of Youth," on p 327 (PDF p 346) as “The Bearer of Sovereignty, from speech of the Fuehrer at the Reichsparteitag, 1935.”

:The relevant portion of this document is excerpted in English translation in Vol V of the Red Series – https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/pdf/NT_Nazi_Vol-V.pdf -- on p 365 (PDF p. 369):

::PARTIAL TRANSLATION OF DOCUMENT 2656-PS
::THE BEARERS OF SOVEREIGNTY MARCH 1939, PAGE 25.
::[Der Hoheitstraeger]
::From speech of the Fuehrer at the Reichsparteitag, 1935
::"He alone who owns the Youth gains the Future!
::Practical consequences of this doctrine: The boy will enter the Jungvolk (boy 10-14) and the Pimpf (member of the Jungvolk) and will come to the Hitler Youth; the boy of the Hitler Youth will join the SA, the SS, and other formations, the SA man and the SS man will one day join the Labor Service, and from there he will go to the Armed Forces. The soldiers of the people will return again to the organization of the Movement, the Party, the SA, the SS, and never again will our people be so depraved as they were at one time."

:The German text is reproduced in Exhibit USA-325, appearing on p 63 (PDF p 70) of Vol XXXI of the so-called Blue Series, "Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, 14 November 1945 - 1 October 1946":

::DOCUMENT 2656-PS

::FROM HITLER'S SPEECH AT THE PARTY RALLY 1935: EVERY GERMAN THROUGHOUT HIS WHOLE LIFE SHOULD BELONG EITHER TO A NATIONAL SOCIALIST ORGANIZATION OR TO THE ARMED FORCES (EXHIBIT USA-325)

::Aus: Der Hoheitsträger. Folge 3, 3. Jahrg. März 1939. Herausgeber: Robert Ley, Reichsorganisationsleiter der N'SDAP. Miindien 1939.

::— Seite 25 —

::Nur wer die Jugend hat, hat die Zukunft!

::Praktische Folgerungen zu dieser Erkenntnis

::Der Knabe wird eintreten in das Jungvolk, und der Pimpf wird zur Hitler-Jugend kommen, und der Junge der Hitler-Jugend wird einrücken in die SA., SS. und die anderen Verbände, und die SA.-Männer und die SS. -Männer werden eines Tages einrücken zum Arbeitsdienst und von dort zur Armee, und der Soldat des AT'olkes wird zurückkehren wieder in die Organisation der Bewegung, der Partei, in die SS. und SA., und niemals mehr wird unser Volk dann so verkommen, wie es leider verkommen war ...

::Der Führer auf dem Reichsparteitag 1935

:We thus have a conflict between a document entered into evidence by the United States in the course of the Nuremberg Tribunal, which includes this quote, and wintersonnenwende.com, which does not.
:The question therefore is: Is wintersonnenwende.com a more reliable source than the documents entered into evidence by the United States during the Nuremberg Trials?
:A cursory review finds that wintersonnenwende.com is a site of historical revisionism, including:
::*Holocaust denial (“not eight million, but barely half-a-million Jews are missing for the time period in question”) by Goebbels' adjutant, Prince Friedrich Christian of Schaumburg-Lippe (http://www.wintersonnenwende.com/scriptorium/english/archives/dictator/dictator07.html)
::*antisemitic conspiracy theory (“the historical blackout continues. The government appears to be willing to hint that 'aliens' from outer space are behind all this high tech. God forbid it should turn out that ancient Indo-Europeans were doing these things thousands of years ago, or especially Germans researching without the benefit of the Jews in the Third Reich”) from Willis Carto's ''Barnes Review'' by white nationalist John Nugent (now known as “John de Nugent”) (http://www.wintersonnenwende.com/scriptorium/english/archives/articles/jdecwar.html)
::*Arthur Pillans Laurie's 1939 book of Nazi apologetics (“There are to-day some 500,000 Jews in Germany but they are excluded from many professions and Government service. On the other hand they have their own cultural society, theatres and concerts and are protected from ill treatment by the Police”), ''The Case for Germany'' (http://www.wintersonnenwende.com/scriptorium/english/archives/caseforgermany/cfg04.html)
:I could go on but, in short, wintersonnenwende.com would not appear to be a reliable source. In contrast, the records of the Nuremberg Tribunal are generally considered a reliable source. I therefore propose restoring this (corrected) quote (i.e., including the exclamation point):

::He alone, who owns the youth, gains the Future! (''Nur wer die Jugend hat, hat die Zukunft!'')

:cited to the Nuremberg records, as follows:

::PARTIAL TRANSLATION OF DOCUMENT 2656-PS, THE BEARERS OF SOVEREIGNTY MARCH 1939, PAGE 25. [Der Hoheitstraeger] From speech of the Fuehrer at the Reichsparteitag, 1935, as cited in {{cite book |author=Office of the United States Chief of Counsel For Prosecution of Axis Criminality, Nuremberg, Germany, 1945-1946 |title= Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression, Volume V |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |location=Washington, DC |date=1946 |page=365 (PDF 369) |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/pdf/NT_Nazi_Vol-V.pdf |isbn=1575882027}} German original cited in {{cite book |title=Trial of the major war criminals before the International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, 14 November 1945-1 October 1946, Volume XXXI |publisher=Secretariat, International Military Tribunal, Allied Control Authority for Germany |Edition=Official Text English Edition |location=Nuremberg, Germany |date=1948 |page=63 (PDF 70) |url=http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/pdf/NT_Vol-XXXI.pdf |isbn=148188400X |access-date=16 August 2016}}

:N.B.: Google Translate renders the German quote into English as "Only someone who has the youth, has the future!" [[Special:Contributions/71.178.53.242|71.178.53.242]]

== "Do not compare yourself to others. If you do so are you insulting yourself." ==

I see this quote attributed to Hitler, specifically as a troll "Taydolf Swiftler" quote, supposedly a Hitler quote intentionally misattributed to Taylor Swift. However, I can't seem to find a source for it other than quote websites. Nothing from Mein Kampf or from his speeches or letters or anything. Does anyone know if this is a real quote? [[Special:Contributions/99.90.64.88|99.90.64.88]] 09:22, 10 June 2014 (UTC)

== Quotation in 1920 about Russia and Germany ==

Hitler (27 July 1920): 
"An alliance between Russia and Germany can only be established if Jewry is deposed." 
Original: "Ein Bündnis zwischen Russland und Deutschland kann nur zustande kommen, wenn das Judentum abgesetzt wird."
Source: "Hitler als Parteiredner im Jahre 1920" (i.e. "Hitler als public party speaker in 1920"), Reginald H. Phelps, Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 11. Jahrgang, 1963, Page 308. [[Special:Contributions/84.187.238.167|84.187.238.167]] 11:29, 6 January 2015 (UTC)

== Quote on Terrorism as a Political weapon ==
It is unclear whether this quote is apocriphal or not:

“Terrorism is the best political weapon for nothing drives people harder than a fear of sudden death.”

[http://national-socialist-worldview.blogspot.com.au/2010/01/fake-hitler-quote-about-terrorism.html This page] claims it is fake, most other hits take it as true. Another wording can be found in [[http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Terrorism/StateTerrorism_NNGT.html this exceprt]].

“Hitler put it most concisely: 'Cruelty impresses. Cruelty and raw force. The simple man in the street is impressed only by brute force and ruthlessness. Terror is the most effective political means.'”

None of the sources seem to be very trustworthy or well referenced. Does anybody else have any more reliable pointers?

--[[User:OlivierMehani|OlivierMehani]] ([[User talk:OlivierMehani|talk]]) 01:04, 11 February 2015 (UTC)

== "There is no such thing as truth. Science is a social phenomenon and like every other social phenomenon is limited by the benefit or injury it confers on the community" ==

"There is no such thing as truth. Science is a social phenomenon and like every other social phenomenon is limited by the benefit or injury it confers on the community"
Daniel, G. (1962) The Idea of Pre-History, London: C.A. Walts and Co, p. 147, https://archive.org/stream/ideaofprehistory006990mbp#page/n159/mode/2up.

== Hitler's Table Talk and Albert Speer ==

This isn't really just about these two sources,but they are great examples of quotes that should be in the disputed section. Both of those sources would be considered unreliable by most historians. Albert Speer has been proven to have lied about his interactions with Hitler and other Nazis. Any quote that cannot be verified as being a part of a public speech or written in his own hand belongs in the disputed section.

== Fake Hitler Quote ==

This quote seems to give few results and no recognizeable sources.

It seems a bit too concise and declarative to be an actual quote but perhaps it is a paraphrase?

What do you think? --[[User:JamesPoulson|JamesPoulson]] ([[User talk:JamesPoulson|talk]]) 09:52, 15 May 2017 (UTC)

Hello.
I'm new to Wikiquote and editing Wiki's generally, but I just wanted to note that the first quote is fake.
"I want war. To me all means will be right. My motto is not 'Don't, whatever you do, annoy the enemy'. My motto is 'Destroy him by all and any means.' I am the one who will wage the war!"

There's no Source linked to the Quote and everything Google showed me was this site: http://www.ihr.org/other/weber2011fakequotations.html
And they mention it's from a US-Propaganda-Film and Hermann Rauschning who isn't a reliable source https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Rauschning#Authenticity_of_Hitler_Speaks
On the German Wikipedia site for Rausching they made it more on point and clearly saying he almost never talked to Hitler and all his "Talks" are made up.

Historians like Theodor Schieder are agreeing to this.

Thanks for reading and I hope you will delete the quote.

EnochPowell

Edit: Just traveled back in 2006 thanks to archive.org and saw that the quote is up since then, that's just insane

:This page is utterly ridiculous.

== Unbalanced ==

I noticed that this article gives a lot of quotes which suggest that Hitler was a socialist but none of the wealth of ant-Marxist and anti-communist quotes. I feel this article gives an incomplete picture of Hitler's views, hence I place a neutrality tag. [[User:LittleJerry|LittleJerry]] ([[User talk:LittleJerry|talk]]) 17:51, 11 June 2017 (UTC)

== World War Two ==

"he initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939" - Hitler didn't initiate World War Two, the governments of France and Britain did. Otherwise one could say the Polish government did, since they provide more then enough casus belli for an invasion. --[[Special:Contributions/105.0.3.160|105.0.3.160]] 04:30, 17 March 2018 (UTC)
:: It is certainly lamentable that there remain significant numbers of neo-nazi twerps who are eager to actually promote such crap as was just deposited here by and anonymous someone using the previous IP. When people are so mentally constipated that they actually believe the sort of nonsense and ludicrous Nazi propaganda, by which Hitler insisted that Poland was "justly invaded" by the massive war-machine of "the Third Reich" (with the joint agreements of himself and Stalin), because "Polish aggressors" of the ill-equipped armies of Poland were ruthlessly maligning, persecuting, attacking, raping and murdering innocent Germans, there really isn't much that can be expected of them in the way of competent rationality.
:: Of course the foulest fascists of all eras are inclined to confuse people with their own peculiar forms of distortions and lies, and corrupt the capacities of many people to reliably discern truth, by insisting any facts which do not support their prejudices, presumptions and polemical inclinations are merely fiction and "FAKE NEWS", and that their most blatant distortions and outrageous lies are the ONLY genuine "TRUE FACTS" which need be considered. Among the very ignorant and confused, and often uninterested and cowardly, this can effectively disarm or diminish the effective presentation of ANY genuine facts, and provides those who ''wish'' to believe various lies and delusions — and to promote belief in them among others — about the only forms of advantage they can often have: the ignorance and confusion of those who they can keep ignorant and confused and those they can make even more so. Many of the foulest KNOW that if they spread enough lies, repeat them enough times, many people will actually grow weary of standing up against various forms of ignorance and confusion, dishonesty, and insanity. Fortunately for Humanity, not all do, and eventually, even amidst the hardships of all the lies and actual persecutions of the innocent and honest, by the fanatical and foulest, Truth can and does prevail. ~ ♞[[User:Kalki/Kalkiswords|☤]][[User:Kalki/Magic|☮]]♌[[User:Kalki|Kalki]]·[[User talk:Kalki|†]]·[[User:Kalki/index|⚓]]⊙[[User:Kalki/Chronology|☳]][[User:Kalki/Vox Box|☶]]⚡ 12:01, 17 March 2018 (UTC)

::"the governments of France and Britain did. Otherwise one could say the Polish government did." Complete tripe. The invasion of Poland created WWII. Britain and France did everything to appease Hitler, and he still invaded Poland anyway for no reason whatsoever. The Polish government didn't do anything against Hitler. [[User:Enigmaman|Enigmaman]] ([[User talk:Enigmaman|talk]]) 17:56, 29 May 2019 (UTC)

==Zionism quote==
Presently the term Zionism does not appear on this page. Does anyone know of any affirmed quotes where Hitler used it? I have seen the following attributed to Mein Kampf but have not been able to affirm the claim so far. I'm wondering if this might be due to it being translated differently from German?
:When Zionism tries to convince the rest of the world that the Jews would be satisfied by the creation of a Palestinian state, Jewry is again deceiving the goyim in the most blatant fashion.
:'''There is absolutely no intention of erecting''' a Jewish state in Palestine for the purpose of going to live there; the Jews merely wish to establish there the central organization for their '''dishonest enterprise of universal internationalism'''. This enterprise would thereby enjoy the right of sovereignty and would be '''protected from intervention''' by other states; it would be a place of asylum for all '''unmasked scoundrels''' and a '''High School for future mountebanks'''.

This was quoted in https://www.counter-currents.com/2012/05/hitler-or-judah-chapter-4/ after "he did not believe for a moment in the sincerity of the Jews, claiming to be on the march towards their promised land, and he said as much in Mein Kampf"

I have seen "V1 Ch11" attached (possibly rephrased in later editions) to a similar line also purportedly by him:
:When Zionism tries to convince the world that the racial self-determination of the Jew would be satisfied with the creation of their own State in Palestine, the Jews are once again craftily pulling the wool over the eyes of the stupid goyim
:'''They never intended to build''' a Jewish State in Palestine, not for the purpose of living in it anyway. They just want an organization headquarters for their '''international swindling and cheating''' with its own political power that is '''beyond the reach and interference''' from other states. It would be a refuge for '''crooks who were exposed''' and a '''college for future swindlers'''.
:It is a sign of their growing confidence and security that some proclaim themselves as part of the Jewish race and others are still falsely pretending to be Germans, Frenchmen, or Englishmen. This impudence and the horrible way they engage in relations with the people of other nations makes it obvious that they see victory clearly approaching.

I'm wondering if anyone knows if either of these is based on something in the original German edition, and if so, what that text is and which is the more accurate translation. If neither are very accurate, does a more accurate one exist? I can see similarities between the two which I have bolded, but they are still phrased very divergently so clearly at least one person has taken some liberties. 15:17, 20 June 2018 (UTC)

== "Once I really am in power, my first and foremost task will be the annihilation of the Jews." ==

This quote should be moved to the disputed section for the following reasons:

"
A frequently quoted alleged statement by Hitler is from an alleged interview in 1922 with Josef Hell: "Once I really am in power, my first and foremost task will be the annihilation of the Jews. As soon as I have the power to do so, I will have gallows built in rows - at the Marienplatz in Munich, for example - as many as traffic allows. Then the Jews will be hanged indiscriminately, and they will remain hanging until they stink; they will hang there as long as the principles of hygiene permit. As soon as they have been untied, the next batch will be strung up, and so on down the line, until the last Jew in Munich has been exterminated. Other cities will follow suit, precisely in this fashion, until all Germany has been completely cleansed of Jews."[4]

Less often quoted is the following from the same alleged interview: "When I now broached the question of what the source of his so strongly felt hatred for the Jews was, and why he wanted to destroy this so undeniably intelligent race - a race to which the Germans and all other Aryans, if not the entire world, owed an incalculable debt in virtually all fields of art and knowledge, research and economics - Hitler suddenly calmed down and gave this unexpectedly sober and almost dispassionate explanation:"[4]

"´It is manifestly clear and has been proven in practice and by the facts of all revolutions that a struggle for ideals, for improvements of any kind whatsoever, absolutely must be supplemented with a struggle against some social class or caste.

My object is to create first-rate revolutionary upheavals, regardless of what methods and means I have to use in the process. Earlier revolutions were directed either against the peasants, or the nobility and the clergy, or against dynasties and their network of vassals, but in no case has revolution succeeded without the presence of a lightning rod that could conduct and channel the odium of the general masses.

With this very thing in mind I scanned the revolutionary events of history and put the question to myself against which racial element in Germany can I unleash my propaganda of hate with the greatest prospects of success? I had to find the right kind of victim, and especially one against whom the struggle would make sense, materially speaking. I can assure you that I examined every possible and thinkable solution to this problem, and, weighing every imaginable factor, I came to the conclusion that a campaign against the Jews would be as popular as it would be successful.[4]

Thus, according to this, Hitler allegedly confessed that his anti-Semitism was mostly faked and simply a propaganda method used in order to gain power, which is an unusual view and seldom mentioned by those who selectively quote only the first quote as alleged evidence of Hitler's early, murderously intended anti-Semitism.

Also less often mentioned is that Josef Hell wrote down the alleged quote in its present form only in 1945, more than twenty years later.[5] It is thus not a text published long before the Holocaust but only after the occurrence of widespread Allied atrocity propaganda. Even if assuming no deliberate fabrication by Josef Hell, he is arguably an unreliable source considering the unreliable and easily influenced human memory.

Furthermore, Josef Hell was a journalist who worked with Fritz Gerlich, a major opponent of Hitler and the editor of the anti-National Socialist newspaper Der Gerade Weg. Gerlich was arrested and later killed during the Night of the Long Knives. Josef Hell was thus no impartial witness and may have fabricated the quote or parts of it.
"

== Testament or Political Testament ==

https://books.google.ca/books?id=P5bADgAAQBAJ&pg=PT15 refers to "The Political Testament of Adolf Hitler"

Why does https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler#The_Testament_of_Adolf_Hitler_(1945) omit the word "Political"?

Also was this https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/My_Political_Testament or different?

What was the original German name of this document? I would like us to chronicle the order in which this document was published and referenced. -Oranginger

== Disputed ==

[[User:Rupert Loup]] why until [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Adolf_Hitler&offset=20170904065858&action=history 2017] none of [https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Adolf_Hitler&diff=2676358&oldid=2675739 these quotes] were "disputed"? The only "dispute" that comes forward is the minor critical comments about the source than the quotes themselves. Since these quotes were cited by highly reliable sources, why Wikiquote should be casting a doubt without basis? [[User:Aman.kumar.goel|Aman.kumar.goel]] ([[User talk:Aman.kumar.goel|talk]]) 11:40, 1 October 2019 (UTC)
:The [[W:Hermann Rauschning#Authenticity of Hitler Speaks|book's authenticity is disputed.]] That's why it's in the Dispute section. Rupert Loup 11:46, 1 October 2019 (UTC)

== Source for quote beginning with "I shall give a propagandist reason for starting the war" ==

It's from Hitler's second speech on August 22 1939, acquired by the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg:

http://lawcollections.library.cornell.edu/nuremberg/catalog/nur:00459

[[User:John Sawyer|John Sawyer]] ([[User talk:John Sawyer|talk]]) 03:59, 22 January 2020 (UTC)

== White supremacist imagery ==

Why is there a confederate flag with a section irrelevant to the page? [[User:Iluvatra|Iluvatra]] ([[User talk:Iluvatra|talk]]) 15:55, 14 April 2020 (UTC)

How do we get this removed? [[User:Iluvatra|Iluvatra]] ([[User talk:Iluvatra|talk]]) 15:56, 14 April 2020 (UTC)

== Kirby Quote — "That is the great thing about our movement -- that these members are uniform not only in ideas, but, even, the facial expression is almost the same!" ==

The quote from ''Forever People'' #3 by Jack Kirby — "That is the great thing about our movement -- that these members are uniform not only in ideas, but, even, the facial expression is almost the same!" — is listed as disputed. Why is that?

The source is ''Der Fuehrer: Hitler's Rise to Power'' by Konrad Heiden, as translated by Ralph Manheim, which is treated as a valid source elsewhere on the page.

The full quote, found about a third into Chapter XIII "The Uprooted and Disinherited" (page 316 of the 1944 Houghton Mifflin Company hardcover edition; pages 252-253 of the 2012 Skyhorse trade paperback edition), goes:

<blockquote>In 1929, when he held the second Nuremberg Party Day, Hitler had already assembled a tenth of his historical minority. Sixty thousand of the elect marched in columns. A foreigner, bewitched by the stiff arms and thundering boots, said to Hitler: How wonderful; it seems as though all these sixty thousand mend had the same face. This remark was more accurate than the foreign guest suspected, for the same column passed the spot three or four times to indicate a greater masss. Even so there was a deep truth in the words; the same uniform, the same cap, the same step, the same cry, the same song, the same simple thought, end by making almost identical men. "'''That is the great thing about our movement''' ... that these men have outwardly become almost a unit, that actually '''these members are uniform not only in ideas, but even the facial expression is almost the same'''. Look at these laughing eyes, this fanatical enthusiasm, and you will discover how in these faces the same expression has formed, how a hundred thousand men in a movement become a single type." The type for whom the World War was not over. Staring into the bloody distance, Hitler continued: "Today when I saw these boys passing by me, suddenly I thought: how would it be if two more years passed and these boys were to don our old steel helmets, if they were volunteer regiments at Ypres again — the same face, the same expression, the same life in these men? We saw heads of boys in which was already imprinted the proud man to be, when the people sends a leader it is not to be destroyed. That is what this movement wants." (loud applause)</blockquote>

I've bolded the portions Kirby used in the comic, albeit with some changes in the punctuation.

== Same Quote ==

Something along the lines of, "Castes do not exist" in the section, "1930's" or "20's

Akon

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[[File:Akon by Sandra Alphonse.jpg|thumb|Nobody wants to see us together, but it doesn't matter. No, because I've got you.]]
'''[[:w:Akon|Aliaune Damala Bouga Time Puru Nacka Lu Lu Lu Badara Akon Thiam]]''', better known by his stage name '''Akon''' (born [[April 16|16 April]] [[1977]]) is an R&B singer and American [[hip hop]] rapper of Senegalese descent; he is also a [[composer]], rapper, and record producer.

{{musician-stub}}
==Song lyrics==
===''[[w:Trouble (Akon album)|Trouble]]'' (2004)===
* Yo, this one here, goes out to all my players out there man, you know.
** ''[[w:Lonely (Akon song)|Lonely]]''

===''[[w:Konvicted|Konvicted]]'' (2006)===

* Nobody wants to see us together, but it don't matter. No, because I got you babe.
** ''[[w:Don't Matter|Don't Matter]]''

* As life goes on I'm starting to learn more and more about responsibility.
**''[[w:Sorry, Blame It on Me|Sorry, Blame It on Me]]''

===''[[w:Freedom (Akon album)|Freedom]]'' (2008)===
* It's been so long that I haven't seen your face I try to be strong.
** ''[[w:Right Now (Na Na Na)|Right Now (Na Na Na)]]''

* When I see you I run out of words to say I wouldn't leave you, Cause you're that type of girl to make me stay.
** ''[[w:Beautiful (Akon song)|Beautiful]]''

== External links ==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Commons category|Akon}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Akon}}
[[Category:Composers from the United States]]
[[Category:Rappers from the United States]]
[[Category:Record producers from the United States]]
[[Category:African Americans]]
[[Category:Muslims from the United States]]
[[Category:Singer-songwriters from the United States]]
[[Category:Hip hop music]]
[[Category:Pop singers]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from the United States]]
[[Category:Activists from the United States]]
[[Category:Philanthropists from the United States]]
[[Category:People from St. Louis]]
[[Category:1977 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Inheritance

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[[File:Global Distribution of Wealth v3.svg|thumb|Whenever the [[rate of return]] on capital is significantly and durably higher than the [[economic growth|growth rate]] of the economy, it is all but inevitable that inheritance (of fortunes accumulated in the past) predominates over saving (wealth accumulated in the present). ... The inequality r > g in one sense implies that the past tends to devour the future: wealth originating in the past automatically grows more rapidly, even without labor, than wealth stemming from work. ~ [[Thomas Piketty]]]]
'''[[w:Inheritance|Inheritance]]''' is the practice of passing on property, titles, debts, rights and obligations upon the death of an individual. It has long played an important role in human societies. The rules of inheritance differ between societies and have changed over time. Inheritance also refers to the hereditary passing on of physical and psychological characteristics from one generation to the next.
__NOTOC__
{{TOCalpha}}
==A==
* [[Greeks|Hellenes]] ... think that as men and animals beget men and animals, so from good men a good man springs. But this is what nature, though she may intend it, cannot always accomplish.
** [[Aristotle]], ''Politics'', Book 1, Part 6

==D==
* And all to leave what with his toil he won, To that unfeather'd two-legged thing, a son.
** [[John Dryden]], ''Absalom and Achitophel'' (1681), Part I, line 169.

==I==
* What we have inherited from our fathers and mothers is not all that 'walks in us.' There are all sorts of dead ideas and lifeless old beliefs. They have no tangibility, but they haunt us all the same and we can not get rid of them. Whenever I take up a newspaper I seem to see Ghosts gliding between the lines. Ghosts must be all over the country, as thick as the sands of the sea.
** [[Henrik Ibsen]], ''Ghosts'' (1881).

==M==
* The privilege of executors is too great already. They ought to be properly informed when they bring actions.
** [[William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield|Lord Mansfield]], ''Hawes v. Saunders'' (1764), 3 Burr. Part IV., p. 1585; reported in James William Norton-Kyshe, ''Dictionary of Legal Quotations'' (1904), p. 92.

==P==
* Whenever the rate of return on capital is significantly and durably higher than the growth rate of the economy, it is all but inevitable that inheritance (of fortunes accumulated in the past) predominates over saving (wealth accumulated in the present). ... The inequality r > g in one sense implies that the past tends to devour the future: wealth originating in the past automatically grows more rapidly, even without labor, than wealth stemming from work, which can be saved. Almost inevitably, this tends to give lasting disproportionate importance to inequalities created in the past, and therefore to inheritance.
** [[Thomas Piketty]], ''[[w:Capital in the Twenty-First Century|Capital in the Twenty-First Century]]'' (2013), p. 377.

==S==
* He lives to build, not boast, a generous race; No tenth transmitter of a foolish face.
** [[Richard Savage]], ''The Bastard'' (1728), line 7.

* American families are in the process of passing along a $9 trillion legacy from one generation to the next. This is a lot of money, but it is distributed very unevenly.. ... Hand in hand with this money, I submit, what is really being handed down from generation to generation is the profound legacy of reproducing racial inequality. The legacy is difficult to discern because the language of family heritage hides it from our political consciousness.
** [[Thomas M. Shapiro]], ''The Hidden Cost of Being African American: How Wealth Perpetuates Inequality'' (2005), p. 32

* Mainstream sociological theory sees differences in jobs, skills, and education as the primary causes of inequality, and substantial wealth transfers embarrass this theory. The classical sociologist [[Emile Durkheim|Emil Durkheim]], for example, predicted that family inheritances would decline over time in favor of giving to charitable and nonprofit organizations, but studies examining actual bequests invalidate this predication. ... In 1989 charitable bequests constituted less than 10 percent of proceeds of estates valued at over $600,000 in the United States.
** [[Thomas M. Shapiro]], ''The Hidden Cost of Being African American: How Wealth Perpetuates Inequality'' (2005), p. 32

* He that troubleth his own house shall inherit the wind. And the fool shall be servant to the wise in heart.
** [[Solomon]], [[Book of Proverbs|Proverbs]] 11:29.

==W==
* ''De male quæsitis vix gaudet tertius pæres, Nec habet eventus sordida præda bonos.''
** What's ill-got scarce to a third heir descends, Nor wrongful booty meets with prosperous ends.
*** Quoted by [[w:Thomas Walsingham|Thomas Walsingham]], ''History'', p. 260; reported in ''Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations'' (1922), p. 394.

== See also ==
* [[Capital]]
* [[Economic inequality]]
* [[Inheritance tax]]
* [[Property]]

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}
{{wiktionary|inheritance}}

[[Category:Death and dying]]
[[Category:Economics]]
[[Category:Family]]
[[Category:Law and government]]
[[Category:Politics]]

Real estate

2020-10-19T15:45:36Z

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[[File:Global Distribution of Wealth v3.svg|thumb|right|The first man who, having fenced off a plot of [[land]], thought of saying, 'This is mine' and found people simple enough to believe him was the real founder of [[civil society]]. How many crimes, [[wars]], [[murders]], how many [[miseries]] and [[horrors]] might the human race have been spared by the one who, upon pulling up the stakes or filling in the ditch, had shouted to his fellow men: 'Beware of [[listening]] to this imposter; you are lost if you forget that the fruits of the [[earth]] belong to all and that the earth belongs to no one.' ~ [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]]]]
[[File:Conrad, Giorgio (1827-1889) - n. 209 - Madre senza casa e ifgli dormono per strada.jpg|thumb|The equal [[right]] of all men to the use of land is as clear as their equal right to breathe the air — it is a right proclaimed by the [[fact]] of their existence. For we cannot suppose that some men have a right to be in this [[world]], and others no right. ~ [[Henry George]]]]
'''[[w:Real estate|Real estate]]''' is property in land, along with its natural resources and immovable property.
{{theme-stub}}
== Quotes ==
* How far, O rich, do you extend your senseless avarice? Do you intend to be the sole inhabitants of the earth? Why do you drive out the fellow sharers of nature, and claim it all for yourselves? The earth was made for all, rich and poor, in common. Why do you rich claim it as your exclusive right? The soil was given to the rich and poor in common—wherefore, oh, ye rich, do you unjustly claim it for yourselves alone? Nature gave all things in common for the use of all; usurpation created private rights. Property hath no rights. The earth is the Lord's, and we are his offspring. The pagans hold earth as property. They do blaspheme God.
** [[Ambrose of Milan]], in ''[[The Cry for Justice]]'', p. 397

* The [[w:Equality before the law|equal right]] of all men to the use of [[land]] is as clear as their [[equal]] [[right]] to breathe the air — it is a right proclaimed by the fact of their [[existence]]. For we cannot suppose that some men have a right to be in this world, and others no right.
** [[Henry George]], ''[[w:Progress and Poverty|Progress and Poverty (1879)]]'', Book VII, Ch. 1.

* Men did not make the earth... It is the value of the [[improvements]] only, and not the earth itself, that is individual [[property]]. ... Every proprietor owes to the [[community]] a ground [[rent]] for the land which he holds.
** [[Thomas Paine]], ''Agrarian Justice'' (1795).

* Buy land. They ain't making any more of the stuff.
** [[Will Rogers]] as quoted in ''Land in America : Its Value, Use, and Control'' (1981) by Peter M. Wolf, p. 6
** Unsourced variant: Buy land, they aren't making any more of it.

* The first man who, having fenced off a plot of [[land]], thought of saying, 'This is mine' and found people simple enough to believe him was the real founder of [[civil society]]. How many [[crimes]], [[wars]], murders, how many [[miseries]] and horrors might the human race have been spared by the one who, upon pulling up the stakes or filling in the ditch, had shouted to his fellow men: 'Beware of [[listening]] to this imposter; you are lost if you forget that the fruits of the [[earth]] belong to all and that the earth belongs to no one.
** [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]], ''[[w:Discourse on Inequality|Discourse on Inequality]]'', 1755.

* Why not sell the air, the [[great]] [[sea]], as well as the earth? Didn't the {{w|Great Spirit}} make them all for the use of his [[children]]?
** [[Tecumseh]], in ''The Complete Idiot's Guide to the Old West'' (1999) by Mike Flanagan, p. 94

== See also ==
*[[Enclosure]]
* [[Land]]
* [[Property]]

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}

Derrick Jensen

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[[File:JensenKeithOccupyOakland2011.png|thumb|{{w|Lierre Keith}} (left) and Derrick Jensen (right) with Deep Green Resistance at {{w|Occupy Oakland}} in 2011]]
[[File:Darker green and Black flag.svg|thumb|right|[[Love]] does not imply [[pacifism]].]]
[[File:Global Distribution of Wealth v3.svg|thumb|If your community is founded on an injustice, that injustice cannot be questioned.]]
'''[[w:Derrick Jensen|Derrick Jensen]]''' (born [[19 December]] [[1960]]) is an American [[w:author|author]] and environmental [[w:activism|activist]] who lives in [[w:Northern California|Northern California]].

== Sourced ==
* We are members of the most destructive culture ever to exist. Our assault on the natural world, on indigenous and other cultures, on women, on children, on all of us through the possibility of nuclear suicide and other means--all these are unprecedented in their magnitude and ferocity.
** ''Listening to the Land''

* I would say that when hope dies, action begins.
** "Beyond Hope", [[:w:Orion (magazine)|''Orion Magazine'']]

* A very poor kid came up to me after a talk and said 'I want to go blow up a factory.' I asked how old he was and he said 17. I said 'have you ever had sex?' He said 'no.' I said 'just remember if you get caught you aren't going to have sex for twenty years at least.' That's not saying that one person having sex is worth the salmon. I'm not saying it's a reason not to act, I'm saying don't be stupid.
** Interview with ''The A Word Magazine'', March-April 2005.

* I've never written this before in public, but my first thought on September 11 when I heard someone was attacking the World Trade Center is, 'Ah, so now it begins. Someone is finally fighting back. Given the terror that the United States routinely inflicts on people (including nonhumans, of course) the world over (and of course now a couple of years later the United States calls these programs of systematic terror 'Shock and Awe'), I'm surprised it didn't happen long ago. The poor have been very patient and long suffering, more patient and long suffering than anyone could ever expect.' That is what I thought.
** Interview with ''Counterpunch'', 2 February 2005.

* I want to bring down civilization. It's really clear that civilization is killing the planet. I’m interested in living in a world that has more wild salmon every year than the year before. A world that has more migratory songbirds every year than the year before. A world that has less dioxins and flame retardants in mothers' breast milk. A world not being destroyed. A world where krill populations aren’t collapsing. A world where there are not dead zones in the oceans. A world not being systematically dismantled. I want to live in a world that is not being killed. I will do whatever it takes to get there.
** Interview with ''No Compromise'', 2005. [http://www.nocompromise.org/issues/26jensen.html]

=== ''A Language Older Than Words'' (2000) ===
* Jeanette [Armstrong, "a traditional Okanagan Indian"] said, 'Attitudes about the species communication are the primary difference between western and indigenous philosophies. Even the most progressive western philosophers still generally believe that listening to the land is a metaphor.' She paused, then continued emphatically, 'It's not a metaphor. It's how the world is.'
** p. 24

* I sat at the computer at work, debugging. I was bored. It was afternoon. I was twenty-two. It was June. Along the front range of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado, thunderheads move in almost every afternoon between May and early July. They materialize, darken the day, spit a few drops, open the sky with lightning, then disappear like so many dreams.

* Turning away from the computer I saw through my own narrow window (at least it opened) the green, the blue, the flashes. I looked to the clock, the screen, the window. An hour passed, then two. I looked again at the clock and saw it had been only twenty minutes. I willed the second-hand, the minute-hand, the hour-hand to move faster, to deliver me to five o'clock when I would be released as from my prison term. Then suddenly I stopped, struck by the absurdity of wishing away the only thing I've got. Eight hours, eighty years, it was all too similar. Would I wish away the years until the day of my retirement, until my time was once again my own? At work I tried to keep busy to make the hours pass quickly. It was no different when watching television, socializing, moving frenetically--there are so many ways to kill time.

* I remember staring at the computer screen--light green letters on dark--then at the clock, and finally at my outstretched fingers held a foot in front of my face. And then it dawned on me: selling the hours of my life was no different from selling my fingers one by one. We've only so many hours, so many fingers; when they're gone, they're gone for good.

* I quit work two weeks later--having sold another eighty of my hours--and knew I could never again work a regular job.
** p. 110-111

* I could not have learned to listen to coyotes without having first learned to listen to my unwillingness to sell my hours, then to listen to the signals of my body, then to listen to the disease that has made my insides my home, and thus become a part of me. And I could not have learned to listen to coyotes without having talked to other people courageous enough to validate my perception of an animate world. I talked to the writer Christoper Manes, who said, 'For most cultures through history--including our own in preliterate times--the entire world used to speak. Anthropologists call this animism, the most pervasive worldview in human history. Animistic cultures listen to the natural world. For them, birds have something to say. So do worms, wolves, and waterfalls.' Later the philosopher Thomas Berry told me, 'The universe is composed of subjects to be communed with, not objects to be exploited. Everything has its own voice. Thunder and lightning and stars and planets, flowers, birds, animals, trees--all these have voices, and they constitute a community of existence that is profoundly related.'
** p. 361

* In order for us to maintain our way of living, we must, in a broad sense, tell lies to each other, and especially to ourselves. It is not necessary that the lies be particularly believable. The lies act as barriers to truth. These barriers to truth are necessary because without them many deplorable acts would become impossibilities.

* There can be no real peace when living with someone who has already declared war, no peace but capitulation. And even that, as we see around us, doesn't lead to further peace but to further degradation and exploitation. We're responsible for not only what we do but for what is in our power to stop. Before we can speak of peace, we have to speak honestly of stopping, by any and all means possible, those who have declared war on the world and on us. Those who destroy wont stop because we ask nicely. There is only one language that they understand, and everyone here knows what it is. Yet we don't speak of it openly.

=== ''The Culture of Make Believe'' (2003)===
* If we wish to stop the atrocities, we will need to understand and change the social and economic conditions that cause them.
** p. XII

* If your community is founded on an injustice, that injustice cannot be questioned.
** p. 19

* How, precisely, do you define a police state? Is it the number of police per capita? How about the number of prisons? Police use of machine guns or armored personnel carriers? The use of the police or the military to put down strikes, or to otherwise "keep the trains running on time," as was Mussolini's specialty? Perhaps it's the use of the police or the military to halt civil unrest. Or maybe the widespread use of curfews. Arbitrary confiscation of private property. How about this: could a police state be defined, as in Nazi Germany, by the use of force to segregate members of a specific race into concentration camps or prisons?
** p. 22

* Perception creates behavior. Perception encourages behavior. And because this institution--this artifice--continues to socially reinforce patterns of perception and behavior, if this behavior is destructive, it may not be a bad idea to eliminate or curtail the institution.
** p. 50

* Much was made by abolitionists that the King James version of the Bible didn't use the word ''slaves'', but, instead, ''servants''. This meant, in their minds, that God didn't ''really'' approve of slavery. But that argument was linguistic at best. Slavery was codified and even sanctified in the tenth commandment, throwing slaves (and wives) in with other property belonging to one's neighbor that one must not covet. The Bible even regulated--as opposed to banning outright--the killing of slaves, stating that if a slave were beaten to death, the slave owner should be punished (though not killed himself, as would be his fate were he to kill a freeman), but if the slave didn't die until a day or two after the beating, the slave owner "shall not be punished, for he [the slave] ''is'' his money."
** p. 56

* To believe Christianity stands in opposition to slavery is at best to think anachronistically and at worst to not understand Christianity.
** p. 57

* If any thing can be predicated as universally true of uncultivated man, it is that he will not labour beyond what is absolutely necessary to maintain his existence.
** p. 59

* Slavery was a central concern of governance form the time of the first nation-state. The Code of Hammurabi, the earliest known set of laws for governing an empire, prescribed death for anyone who harbored a fugitive or otherwise helped a slave to escape. The relationship between the law and bondage goes back even farther: Indeed, the oldest extant legal documents don't concern the sale of land, houses, or even animals, but slaves.
** p. 60

* In order for a slave--or, for that matter, a slaveholder--to become free, a series of successive perceptions must be realized. First, the person must perceive that the owners (and slaves) are merely human, that is, putting all rhetoric aside, that there exists a dichotomy of privilege and exploitation, and that the privilege is a result of exploitation. … The second realization is, once again, that the owners and slaves are merely human, meaning this time that the exploitation and consequent privilege are not inevitable, but the result of social arrangements and force (as well as a huge dollop of bad luck on the part of those enslaved). … The third realization is yet again that the owners are merely human, by which I now mean they are vulnerable. Wealth does not protect them.
** p. 63

* I am in this same river. I can't much help it. I admit it: I'm racist. The other night I saw a group (or maybe a pack?) or white teenagers standing in a vacant lot, clustered around a 4x4, and I crossed the street to avoid them; had they been black, I probably would have taken another street entirely. And I'm misogynistic. I admit that, too. I'm a shitty cook, and a worse house cleaner, probably in great measure because I've internalized the notion that these are woman's work. Of course, I never admit that's why I don't do them: I always say I just don't much enjoy those activities (which is true enough; and it's true enough also that many women don't enjoy them either), and in any case, I've got better things to do, like write books and teach classes where I feel morally superior to pimps. And naturally I value money over life. Why else would I own a computer with a hard drive put together in Thailand by women dying of job-induced cancer? Why else would I own shirts made in a sweatshop in Bangladesh, and shoes put together in Mexico? The truth is that, although many of my best friends are people of color (as the cliche goes), and other of my best friends are women, I am part of this river: I benefit from the exploitation of others, and I do not much want to sacrifice this privilege. I am, after all, civilized, and have gained a taste for "comforts and elegancies" which can be gained only through the coercion of slavery. The truth is that like most others who benefit from this deep and broad river, I would probably rather die (and maybe even kill, or better, have someone kill for me) than trade places with the men, women, and children who made my computer, my shirt, my shoes.
** p. 69

* Property has ''always'' been the central consideration of the United States government, but it has become even more so over time. Between the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, to provide just one obvious, and in some ways, silly, example (silly because all of the terms are seemingly obvious, yet in fact nearly impossible to adequately define) and the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1868, the inalienable right with which men [''sic''] are self-evidently endowed by their Creator, and which may not be abridged by the State, changed from "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness," to life, liberty, and property. The Fourteenth Amendment, passed during the KKK's maiden reign of terror, ostensibly to protect the rights of blacks from racist state governments, has been used far more often to protect the rights to property: Of the Fourteenth Amendment cases brought before the Supreme Court between 1890 and 1910, only nineteen dealt with the rights of blacks, while two hundred and eighty-eight dealt with the rights of corporations.
** p. 92

* I thought that, given the system of rewards central to our economic system, in which profit maximization is valued above all else and specifically above life, it is probably just as irresistible to the owners of capital (human or otherwise) to exploit workers (and the land): "Nothing personal," they say as they load their property onto the ship bound for the Middle Passage, "but a man's gotta turn a dime."
** p. 102

* It seems to me that entitlement is the key to nearly all atrocities, and that any threat to perceived entitlement will provoke hatred. The man who flayed the cat presumably felt that his employers were entitled to the cat's skin. Europeans felt that they were (and are) entitled to the land of North and South America. Slave owners clearly felt they were entitled to the labor (and the lives) of their slaves, not only in partial payment for protecting slaves from their own idleness, but also simply as a return on their capital investment. Owners of nonhuman capital today feel they, too, are entitled to the "surplus return on labor," as economists put it, as part of their reward for furnishing jobs, and to provide a return on ''their'' investment in capital. Rapists act on the belief that they are entitled to their victims' bodies, and entitled to inflict cruelty upon them. Americans act as though we are entitled to consume the majority of the world's resources, and the change the world's climate. All industrialized humans act like they're entitled to anything they want on this planet.
** p. 105-6

* From the perspective of those who are entitled, the problems begin when those they despise do not go along with--and have the power and wherewithal to not go along with--the perceived entitlement.
** p. 106

* Several times I have commented that hatred felt long and deeply enough no longer feels like hatred, but more like tradition, economics, religion, what have you. It is when those traditions are challenged, when the entitlement is threatened, when the masks of religion, economics, and so on are pulled away that hate transforms from its more seemingly sophisticated, "normal," chronic state--where those exploited are looked down upon, or despised--to a more acute and obvious manifestation. Hate becomes more perceptible when it is no longer normalized. Another way to say all of this is that if the rhetoric of superiority works to maintain the entitlement, hatred and direct physical force remain underground. But when that rhetoric begins to fail, force and hatred waits in the wings, ready to explode.
** p. 106-7

=== ''Endgame'' (2006) ===
* Love does not imply pacifism.
** Vol. 1, pg. XI

* From the beginning, this culture - civilization - has been a culture of occupation.
** Vol. 1, pg. XI

* Civilization is based on a clearly defined and widely accepted yet often unarticulated [[hierarchy]]. Violence done by those higher on the hierarchy to those lower is nearly always invisible, that is, unnoticed. When it is noticed, it is fully rationalized. Violence done by those lower on the hierarchy to those higher is unthinkable, and when it does occur is regarded with shock, horror, and the fetishization of the victims.
** Vol. 1, p. IX

* Given the current levels of violence by this culture against both humans and the natural world, however, it's not possible to speak of reductions in population and [[consumption]] that do not involve violence and privation, not because the reductions themselves would necessarily involve violence, but because violence and privation have become the default of our culture.
** Vol. 1, pg 129

===''Igniting a Revolution: Voices in Defense of the Earth'' (2006)===

* I am not the first to make the case-as I have in my other work-that the industrial economy, indeed, civilization (which underpins and gives inevitable rise to it), is incompatible with human and nonhuman freedoms, and in fact with human and nonhuman life. If you accept that the industrial economy-and beneath it, civilization-is destroying the planet and creating unprecedented human suffering among the poor (and if youdon't accept this, go ahead and put this book down, back away slowly, turn on the television, and take some more soma: the drug should kick in soon enough, your agitation will disappear, you'll forget everything I've said, and then everything will be perfect again, just like the voices from the television tell you over and over), then it becomes clear that the best thing that can happen, from the perspective of essentially all nonhumans as well as the vast majority of humans, is for the industrial economy (and civilization) to go away, or in the shorter run for it to be slowed as much as humanly possible during the time we await its final collapse.
** "[https://libcom.org/library/igniting-revolution-voices-defense-earth What Goes Up Must Come Down]", p. 286

*I've always wanted to blow up dams in order to save salmon, sturgeon, and other creatures whose lives depend on wild and living rivers. But that's not right. We need to blow up dams for the rivers themselves, so they can be again the rivers they once were, forever, the rivers they still want to be, the rivers they themselves are struggling and fighting to once again become.
** "[https://libcom.org/library/igniting-revolution-voices-defense-earth What Goes Up Must Come Down]", p. 287

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}
* [http://www.derrickjensen.org Official website]
* [http://www.endgamethebook.org The website for Jensen's latest book ''Endgame'', which includes numerous online excerpts]
* [http://anarchism.jesusradicals.com/primitivism/endgamereview.pdf Jesus Radicals' New Review of Endgame, Vol. 1]
* [http://www.indybay.org/archives/archive_by_id.php?id=4470&category_id=60 A Talk given by Derrick Jensen at The Santa Cruz Vets Hall on 03-29-06]
* [http://www.nocompromise.org/issues/26jensen.html An interview with Derrick Jensen in NoCompromise.org]
* [http://www.hopedance.org/archive/issue30/articles/jensen.htm Contribution to HopeDance Magazine]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jensen, Derrick}}
[[Category:Activists from the United States]]
[[Category:Anarchists from the United States]]
[[Category:Novelists from the United States]]
[[Category:Non-fiction authors from the United States]]
[[Category:Environmentalists]]
[[Category:Feminists]]
[[Category:1960 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from California]]

Strike action

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[[File:Ladies tailors strikers.jpg|right|thumb|260px|Female tailors on strike, [[New York City]], February 1910.]]

A '''[[w:Strike action|Strike action]]''' is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of [[employee]]s to [[work]]. A strike usually takes place in response to employee grievances. Strikes became common during the [[Industrial Revolution]], when mass labor became important in [[w:factory|factories]] and [[w:Mining|mines]].

==Quotes==
* This paper examines the economic impact of the 1979 labor strike against lettuce producer-shippers in the Imperial Valley of California. The theory presented suggests that formidable problems are encountered by agricultural labor unions in obtaining higher wages for farm workers. During the 1979 strike, ironically the returns to many of the lettuce producers in the Imperial Valley increased substantially.
** Colin A. Carter, Darrell L. Hueth, John W. Mamer and Andrew Schmitz [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40987525?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Labor Strikes and the Price of Lettuce] Western Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 6, No. 1 (July 1981), pp. 1-14

* We shall Strike. We shall pursue the ''revolution'' we have proposed. We are sons of the Mexican Revolution, a revolution of the poor seeking, bread and justice. Our revolution will not be armed, but we want the existing social order to dissolve, we want a new social order. We are poor, we are humble, and our only choices is to Strike in those ranchers where we are not treated with the respect we deserve as working men, where our rights as free and sovereign men are not recognized. We do not want the paternalism of the rancher; we do not want the contractor; we do not want charity at the price of our dignity. We want to be equal with all the working men in the nation; we want just wage, better working conditions, a decent future for our children. To those who oppose us, be they ranchers, police, politicians, or speculators, we say that we are going to continue fighting until we die, or we win. We shall overcome.
** [[Cesar Chavez]], ''[http://www.aztlan.net/dojustice.htm The Plan of Delano]'' (1965).

* There is no right to strike against the public safety by anybody, anywhere, any time.
** [[Calvin Coolidge]], as governor of Massachusetts, telegram to Samuel Gompers (September 14, 1919), regarding the Boston police strike. Reported in Calvin Coolidge, ''Have Faith in Massachusetts'' (1919), p. 223.

* Government employee unions have vastly more power than do private-sector unions because the entities they work for are mostly monopolies. When the employees of a grocery store, for example, go on strike and shut down the store or grocery chain, consumers can shop elsewhere, and the grocery store management is perfectly free to hire replacement workers. In contrast, when a city teachers’ or garbage truck drivers union goes on strike, there is no school or garbage collection as long as the strike goes on. is gives the government union enormous bargaining power as elected officials must then deal with the rabid complaints of voters about the absence of schools or garbage collection and are pressured to quickly give in to the union’s demands. In addition, government school teachers often are tenured after only two or three years and civil service regulations make it extremely costly, if not impossible, to hire replacement workers. Thus, when government bureaucrats go on strike they have the ability to completely shut down the entire “industry” that they work in indefinitely. This is the primary reason why the expenses of state and local governments have skyrocketed in recent decades.
** Thomas DiLorenzo, Organized Crime: The Unvardnished Truth About Government (2012, Mises Institute) 143-144

* Although recourse must always be had first to a sincere dialogue between the parties, a strike, nevertheless, can remain even in present-day circumstances a necessary, though ultimate, aid for the defense of the workers' own rights and the fulfillment of their just desires.
** ''[[w:Gaudium et Spes|Gaudium et Spes]] (Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World)'', [[w:Vatican_II|Second Vatican Council]], promulgated December 7, 1965; Chapter 68.

* Strike against war, for without you no battles can be fought. Strike against manufacturing shrapnel and gas bombs and all other tools of murder. Strike against preparedness that means death and misery to millions of human beings. Be not dumb, obedient slaves in an army of destruction. Be heroes in an army of construction.
** [[Helen Keller]], in [http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/helenstrike.html "Strike Against War", speech in Carnegie Hall (5 January 1916)].

* When I was leaving Poland at the end of 1968 (I had not been in any Western country for at least six previous years), I had as somewhat vague idea of what the radical student movement and different leftist groups or parties might be. What I saw and read I found pathetic and disgusting in nearly all (still: not all) cases. I do not shed tears for a few windows smashed in demonstrations, that old bitch, consumer capitalism, will survive it. Neither do I find scandalous the rather natural ignorance of young people. What impressed me was mental degradation of a kind I had never seen before in any leftist movement. I saw young people trying to "reconstitute" universities and to liberate them from horrifying, savage, monstrous, fascist oppression. The list of demands, with variations, was very similar all over the world of campuses. These fascist pigs of the Establishment want us to pass examinations while we are making the revolution; let them give all of us A grades without examinations; curiously enough, the anti-fascist warriors wanted to get their degrees and diplomas in such fields as mathematics, sociology or law, and not in such as carrying posters, distributing leaflets or destroying offices. And sometimes they got what they wanted, the fascist pigs of the establishment gave them grades without examinations. Very often there were demands for abolishing altogether some subjects of teaching as irrelevant, e.g. foreign languages (these fascists want us, internationalist revolutionaries, to waste time in learning languages, why? To prevent us from making world revolution!) In one place revolutionary philosophers went on strike because they got a reading list including [[Plato]], [[Descartes]] and other bourgeois idiots, instead of relevant great philosophers like [[Che Guevara]] and [[Mao]].
** [[Leszek Kolakowski]], My Correct View on Everything (1974), The Socialist Register

* A former rector of [[w:National University of San Marcos|San Marcos]], the oldest university of the Americas, declared to me more than ten years ago that he had resigned his exalted office because either the students or the professors were on strike. Regular teaching had become well-nigh impossible.
** Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn, ''Lefism: From de Sade and Marx to Hitler and Marcuse'', Arlington House, (1974) p. 609, note 31

* Across the United States, we are seeing [[Strikes during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic|workers walk off the job]] in [[w:Wildcat strike action|wildcat strikes]] in response to the employers’ failure either to shut down the workplace or [[w:Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19|to make it safe]]. The strikes are too few to call them a strike wave, but '''we should be aware that on their own initiative [[w:Working class in the United States|workers]] are taking what practically is the most powerful action they can: withdrawing their labour.''' The strikes are taking place in both the [[w:Private sector|private]] and {{w|public sector}}, in both [[w:Labor unions in the United States|unionised]] and non-union {{w|workplace}}s large and small.
** [[Dan La Botz]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7096 Wildcat strikes across the US as pandemic spreads]'', 1 April 2020, ''Red Flag''

* What is most extraordinary about these actions is that union officials have not called them. In some cases, there is no union. In other cases, such as auto, there is a union and workers are forced to strike against it as well as the company. In certain cases, such as the Bath shipyard, it seems that union officials may have tacitly supported the workers’ walkouts, though the situation is unclear. Sometimes these unofficial strikes violate a union’s contractual non-strike provisions or in the case of [[w:Government employees in the United States|public employees]] such {{w|walkout}}s may also violate [[w:United States labor law|the law]]. Yet workers have organised themselves to carry them out with few resources beyond social media and traditional word-of-mouth, in order to protect their health and to save their jobs.
** [[Dan La Botz]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7096 Wildcat strikes across the US as pandemic spreads]'', 1 April 2020, ''Red Flag''

* '''Wildcat strikes can be looked upon from two sides. The wildcat strike usually erupts either because there is no union or the union’s leaders have failed to provide leadership to fight the boss. [[Leftists]] have sometimes romanticised the wildcat as the authentic expression of the workers’ will, an act that developed spontaneously out of the workers’ resistance to the boss. Some see it as the harbinger of the [[general strike]] that will overthrow [[capitalism]] and bring the workers to power. At the same time, one has to recognise that workers had to go on a wildcat strike because they hadn’t taken control of their union and couldn’t use the union as the expression of their [[power]]. The wildcat is both an expression of workers’ direct power at the point of production, but also a demonstration of their failure – because of the power of the bosses and the labour [[bureaucracy]] – to build a democratically controlled union that could express their will.'''
** [[Dan La Botz]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7096 Wildcat strikes across the US as pandemic spreads]'', 1 April 2020, ''Red Flag''

* '''When workers recognise this, at least in a period of social upheaval, they have in the past sometimes attempted to take power in their unions and turn them into fighting organisations. Wildcat strikes then can become the source of energy that fuels rank-and-file movements, as has been the case in heavy industry for more than a century and among public employees for 75 years.''' The great advance of American workers in the [[w:Timeline of labour issues and events#1930s|1930s]] that led to the founding of the {{w|Congress to Industrial Organizations}} and a vast expansion of the {{w|American Federation of Labor}} derived from just such wildcat strikes in the rubber plants, the [[w:Automotive industry in the United States|auto industry]], among [[w:Electricity sector of the United States|electrical workers]] and many others. Workers walked out by the thousands, some occupied their plants, while others created mass [[Picketing|picket lines]], fought [[w:Strikebreaker|scabs]] and [[Law enforcement in the United States|police]]. Wildcat strikes spread during the [[w:Great Depression in the United States|Depression]] decade like a virus through the United States, drawing in [[w:Small business|small]] industrial shops and retail workers. A similar thing happened in the 1960s and 1970s with teachers and public employees who walked out in illegal strikes to found their unions. Rank-and-file upheavals also transformed the {{w|United Mine Workers}} in the 1970s and shook up other unions as well.
** [[Dan La Botz]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7096 Wildcat strikes across the US as pandemic spreads]'', 1 April 2020, ''Red Flag''

* Calvin Coolidge, when Governor of Massachusetts, refused to allow a police strike in 1919, the one President Wilson criticized is was an act of great courage, since it could have led to public disorder and chaos. Voters agreed and Coolidge was propelled into the vice presidency and then the presidency in 1923 President Ronald Reagan also fired the federal air traffic controllers in 1981, when they illegally went on strike But these were rare exceptions As the decades passed, fewer and fewer public officals dared to stand up to labor and to government labor in particular
** Hunter Lewis, Crony Capialism: 2008-2012, AC2 books, p 211

* I am glad to know that there is a system of labor where the laborer can strike if he wants to! I would to God that such a system prevailed all over the world.
** [[Abraham Lincoln]], speech at Hartford, Connecticut (March 5, 1860), as reported in the ''Hartford Daily Courant'' (March 6, 1860), reported in Roy P. Basler, ed., ''The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln'' (1953), vol. 4, p. 7.

* '''Although the union leadership may recognize early in negotiations that the firm cannot or will not meet the workers' demands, the rank and file of the union often do not understand the impracticability of their position until after the workers have struck and the firm fails to surrender.'''
** Martin B. Schmitt and David Berri, [https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdf/10.1257/000282804322970841 The Impact of Labor Strikes on Consumer Demand: An Application to Professional Sports]. American Economic Review. Feb 2004, Vol. 94, No. 1: Pages 344-357

*Imagine that General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler jointly agreed to raise the price of the cars they sold by $2,000: Their profits would rise as every American who bought a car paid more. Some Americans would no longer be able to afford a car at the higher price, so the automakers would manufacture and sell fewer vehicles. Then they would need--and hire--fewer workers. The Detroit automakers' stock prices would rise, but the overall economy would suffer. That is why federal anti-trust laws prohibit cartels and the automakers cannot collude to raise prices. Now consider how the United Auto Workers (UAW)--the union representing the autoworkers in Detroit--functions. '''Before the current downturn, the UAW routinely went on strike unless the Detroit automakers paid what they demanded-- until recently, $70 an hour in wages and benefits.''' Gold-plated UAW health benefits for retirees and active workers added $1,200 to the cost of each vehicle that GM produced in 2007. Other benefits, such as full retirement after 30 years of employment and the recently eliminated JOBS bank (which paid workers for not working), added more. Some of these costs come out of profits, and some get passed to consumers through higher prices. UAW members earn higher wages, but every American who buys a car pays more, stock owners' wealth falls, and some Americans can no longer afford to buy a new car. The automakers also hire fewer workers because they now make and sell fewer cars.
** James Sherk [https://www.heritage.org/jobs-and-labor/report/what-unions-do-how-labor-unions-affect-jobs-and-the-economy What Unions Do: How Labor Unions Affect Jobs and the Economy], Heritage.org, May 21, 2009

* Strikes, boycott, parliamentarism, meetings and demonstrations are all good forms of struggle as means for preparing and organising the proletariat. But not one of these means is capable of abolishing existing inequality. All these means must be concentrated in one principal and decisive means; the proletariat must rise and launch a determined attack upon the [[bourgeoisie]] in order to destroy capitalism to its foundations. This principal and decisive means is the socialist revolution.
** [[Joseph Stalin]], ''Anarchism or Socialism'' (1906)

* If we are rewarded according to our need, not according to our work, how do you get people to work at all -- they would get their income without work if the need it without work? Further, how would one get people to work where they are needed, rather than where they want to if their income is independent of their work and of the demand for it and depends only on their need? Compulsion would have to replace the inducements of the market which now attract people to the occupations in which they are needed and to the employers who can use them. Only slave labor can be rewarded according to need-as seen by the slave holder, of course. And slave labor is not efficient. Therefore the Soviet Union has now returned to an incentive system which differs from ours only by being much steeper and leading to greater inequalities. If a demonstration was needed, the [[w:Solidarity movement|recent events in Poland]] certainly furnish it. In that socialist country the workers went on strike against the management of the socialized industries. What more is needed to make it clear that the classless society [[Karl Marx|Marx]] imagined in which everyone wouldshare the same interest is a dream that cannot be realized, contrary to what he thought, by socializing the means of production?
** Ernest Van Den Haag, Marxism as Pseudo-Science, Reason Papers No. 12 (Spring 1987), pp. 26-32.

[[File:Booker_T_Washington_retouched_flattened-crop.jpg|thumb|200px| "...my observations convinced me that the miners were worse off at the end of a strike." [[Booker T. Washington]]]]

* At the end of my second year at [[w:Hampton University|Hampton]], by the help of some money sent me by my mother and brother John, supplemented by a small gift from one of the teachers at Hampton, I was enabled to return to my home in [[w:Malden, West Virginia|Malden, West Virginia]], to spend my vacation. When I reached home I found that the salt-furnaces were not running, and that the coal-mine was not being operated on account of the miners being out on a “strike.” This was something which, it seemed, usually occurred whenever the men got two or three months ahead in their savings. During the strike, of course, they spent all that they had saved, and would often return to work in debt at the same wages, or would move to another mine at considerable expense. In either case, my observations convinced me that the miners were worse off at the end of a strike. Before the days of strikes in that section of the country, I knew miners who had considerable money in the bank, but as soon as the professional labor agitators got control, the savings of even the more thrifty ones began disappearing.
* [[Booker T. Washington]], ''Up From Slavery'' (1901), Chapter 4: [https://www.bartleby.com/1004/4.html Helping Others]

==See also==
* [[General strike]]
* [[Labor]]
* [[Labor union]]
* [[Refusal of work]]
* [[School strike for climate]]

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}
{{wiktionary|strike}}
{{Commons category|Strikes}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Strikes and Lock-outs}}

[[Category:Economics]]
[[Category:Labor]]

Laissez-faire

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{{italic title}}
[[File:James Keir Hardie by John Furley Lewis, 1902.jpg|thumb|If the State has no right to interfere to protect the poor struggling against circumstances over which they have no control in the industrial world, it is difficult to see why the same State should be considered a beneficent agency when called in to protect the property of the rich against an infuriated mob of starving people. If the poor are to be left to struggle for existence unaided by the State, then why not the rich? ~ [[Keir Hardie]]]]
[[File:Antoine-René de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson.jpg|thumb|Let it be, that should be the motto of all public powers, since the world was civilized ~ [[Marc Antoine René de Voyer]]]]
[[File:Learned Hand urn-3 HLS.Libr 1148132a.jpg|thumb|A society in which men recognize no check on their freedom soon becomes a society where freedom is the possession of only a savage few. ~ [[Learned Hand]] ]]
'''''[[:w:Laissez-faire|Laissez-faire]]''''' is an economic environment in which transactions between private parties are free from government restrictions, tariffs, and subsidies, with only enough regulations to protect property rights.
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==B==

* One of the most prevalent ideological mantras of [[w:Western world|Western]] [[capitalism]] is that the [[market]] should rule. But as the [[w:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|latest health]] and [[2020 stock market crash|economic crises]] demonstrate, capitalists soon forget their worship of the market when times get tough. They scream [[Corporate welfare|for government money]], and plenty of it. It turns out that “the market” is fine when it comes to whipping [[Working class|workers]] to accept [[w:Wage slavery#Lower wages|lower wages]], but when it comes to lower [[profit]]s, the market can go hang.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* Every student with the misfortune to have studied [[economics]] at school or university will know that “[[Free market|the market]]” is the god before which we must all kneel. Markets bring {{w|consumer}}s and [[w:Production (economics)|producers]] together to ensure an [[Economic equilibrium|equilibrium]] of {{w|supply and demand}}, the textbooks tell us. We may all be [[Invisible hand|individuals each pursuing our own private interests]], but this selfish endeavour miraculously results in an optimum outcome for all. You don’t even have to step inside a classroom to have received this lesson. It’s rammed home in normal times in every newspaper, in every news bulletin on the TV, in every politician’s speech. Just listen to them. Governments can’t expand [[Government spending|spending]] on [[w:Social security in Australia#Newstart Allowance|Newstart]] because “the markets” won’t allow it. Governments shouldn’t ramp up [[w:Public housing in Australia|public housing]] because that will throw [[w:Australian property market|property markets]] into a spin. [[Competition]] should be opened between universities because a [[w:For-profit education|market in education]] will sift out the bad providers from the good. The champions of the market, if challenged to explain how it is that markets consistently result in [[w:Supply (economics)|supplies]] of [[goods]] lurching from [[w:Scarcity|shortages]] to [[w:General glut|gluts]], point to the economic dysfunction of the old [[w:Economy of the Soviet Union|Soviet Union]] as proof that if “[[w:Economic planning|planning]]” replaces the market, a much bigger disaster ensues. It doesn’t take an [[Einstein]] to see what rubbish this is. The last thing any [[Bourgeoisie|capitalist]] wants is “free competition”, because that might squeeze [[w:Profit maximization|their profits]]. Just look at how the supermarkets have destroyed small shops or how any new industry that emerges is soon [[w:Oligopoly|dominated by three or four companies]] globally.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

* But there’s another angle to this. Capitalists preach “the market” for the working class – stand on your own two feet, [[Welfare|don’t rely on the government]] – but themselves sponge off the public big time. Just look at the billions in [[w:Energy subsidy|subsidies]] and [[w:Tax incentive|tax concessions]] the [[w:Fossil fuel#Industry|fossil fuel companies]], huge enterprises for the most part, extract from state and federal governments [[w:Energy policy of Australia#Fossil fuels|in Australia]]. [[w:Automotive industry in Australia|The vehicle manufacturers]] raked in hundreds of millions a year from the {{w|Australian government}} for decades until deciding it wasn’t enough and went overseas. This is why [[w:Big business|big companies]] and [[industry]] groups hire armies of [[w:Revolving door (politics)|former politicians to lobby]] on their behalf in the offices of [[w:Premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories|premiers]] and [[w:Prime Minister of Australia|prime ministers]] – there’s money in government coffers and they want it. And while the capitalists talk about “the market” setting [[wages]] for workers, in reality, they don’t really allow the market to do the job. They use the whole apparatus of [[Oppression|state repression]], the [[w:Labor court|industrial tribunals]], the [[police]], the courts to suppress [[w:Labor rights|workers]]’ [[Freedom of association|rights to organise]] to pursue their demands. But when a [[w:Financial crisis|crisis]] hits all the bullshit about the market is thrown to the winds. And that is just what we are seeing now. Faced with the [[w:Economic collapse|collapse]] of the capitalist economy, for the second time in a dozen years, with massive bankruptcies on the table and the [[stock market]] plunging by more than 30 percent and more to come, fervent advocates of the free market are now embracing [[w:Economic intervention|government intervention]] to save their skins.
** [[Tom Bramble]], ''[https://redflag.org.au/node/7067 Everyone's a socialist in a crisis]'', 21 March 2020, ''Red Flag''.

==C==
* The bourgeois never included the ownership of capital as one of the social restraints that should be abolished, for the simple reason that it was not to him a restraint at all. It never therefore entered his head to regard it as such, and he saw nothing inconsistent in calling for the abolition of privilege, monopoly, and so forth, while hanging on to his capital.
** [[Christopher Caudwell]], "Pacifism and Violence: A Study in Bourgeois Ethics," in ''Studies in a Dying Culture'' (1938)

* You will not find political economists declaring that the only possible adjustment between laborers and capitalists is that of selfishness and rapacity—that each must get all he can and keep all that he gets, while the world cries ''laissez faire'' and the lawyers explain, "it is the beautiful working of the law of supply and demand;" in fine, you will not find the law of love shut out from the affairs of men after the feminine half of the world’s truth is completed.
** [[Anna J. Cooper]], ''A Voice from the South by a Black Woman of the South'' (1892), p. 58

==H==
* Liberty ... is not the freedom to do as one likes. That is the denial of liberty and leads straight to its overthrow. A society in which men recognize no check on their freedom soon becomes a society where freedom is the possession of only a savage few — as we have learned to our sorrow.
**[[Learned Hand]], in "The Spirit of Liberty" - a speech at "I Am an American Day" ceremony, Central Park, New York City (21 May 1944)

* The systems advocated by professed upholders of ''laissez-faire'' are in reality permeated with coercive restrictions of individual freedom. … What is the government doing when it "protects a property right"? Passively, it is abstaining from interference with the owner when he deals with the thing owned; actively, it is forcing the non-owner to desist from handling it, unless the owner consents. Yet [[w:Thomas Nixon Carver|Mr. Carver]] would have it that the government is merely preventing the non-owner from using force against the owner. This explanation is obviously at variance with the facts—for the non-owner is forbidden to handle the owner's property even where his handling of it involves no violence or force whatever. … In protecting property the government is doing something quite apart from merely keeping the peace. It is exerting coercion wherever that is necessary to protect each owner, not merely from violence, but also from peaceful infringement of his sole right to enjoy the thing owned.
** [[w:Robert Lee Hale|Robert Hale]], “Coercion and Distribution in a Supposedly Non-Coercive State,” ''Political Science Quarterly'', Vol. 38, No. 3 (Sep., 1923), pp. 470-494

*There was a time in which the economics profession worked in the public interest, but in the neoliberal era, today, they work only for big corporations and billionaires... We could choose to enact economic policies that raise taxes on the rich, regulate powerful corporations or raise wages for workers. We have done it before. But neoliberal economists would warn that all of these policies would be a terrible mistake, because raising taxes always kills economic growth, and any form of government regulation is inefficient, and raising wages always kills jobs. Well, as a consequence of that thinking, over the last 30 years, in the USA alone, the top one percent has grown 21 trillion dollars richer while the bottom 50 percent have grown 900 billion dollars poorer, a pattern of widening inequality that has largely repeated itself across the world. And yet, as middle class families struggle to get by on wages that have not budged in about 40 years, neoliberal economists continue to warn that the only reasonable response to the painful dislocations of austerity and globalization is even more austerity and globalization.
**[[Nick Hanauer]] in [https://www.ted.com/talks/nick_hanauer_the_dirty_secret_of_capitalism_and_a_new_way_forward?language=en The dirty secret of capitalism -- and a new way forward ''Ted Talk'',] (July 2019)

* If the State has no right to interfere to protect the poor struggling against circumstances over which they have no control in the industrial world, it is difficult to see why the same State should be considered a beneficent agency when called in to protect the property of the rich against an infuriated mob of starving people. If the poor are to be left to struggle for existence unaided by the State, then why not the rich?
**[[Keir Hardie]], ''From Serfdom to Socialism'' (1907), pp. 3-4

* Probably nothing has done so much harm to the liberal cause as the wooden insistence of some liberals on certain rough rules of thumb, above all the principle of ''laissez-faire''.
** [[Friedrich Hayek]], in ''[[w:The Road to Serfdom|The Road to Serfdom]]'' (1944)

* Laissez-faire capitalism, or [[anarcho-capitalism|anarchocapitalism]], is simply the economic form of the libertarian ethic. Laissez-faire capitalism encompasses the notion that men should exchange goods and services, without regulation, solely on the basis of value for value. It recognizes charity and communal enterprises as voluntary versions of this same ethic. Such a system would be straight barter, except for the widely felt need for a [[division of labor]] in which men, voluntarily, accept value tokens such as cash and credit. Economically, this system is anarchy, and proudly so.
**[[Karl Hess]], [http://fare.tunes.org/books/Hess/dop.html "The Death of Politics", essay in ''Playboy'' (March 1969)]; also available in Hess's autobiography, ''Mostly on the Edge''.

==K==
* Nevertheless the [[theory]] of output as a whole, which is what the following book purports to provide, is much more easily adapted to the conditions of a totalitarian state, than is the theory of the production and distribution of a given output produced under conditions of free competition and a large measure of laissez-faire.
** [[John Maynard Keynes]], ''[[w:The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money|The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money]]'' (1936), Preface to the German Edition

* If the Treasury were to fill old bottles with banknotes, bury them at suitable depths in disused coal mines which are then filled up to the surface with town rubbish, and leave it private enterprise on well tried principles of ''laissez-faire'' to dig the notes up again (the right to do so being obtained, of course, by tendering for leases of the note-bearing territory), there need be no more unemployment and, with the help of the repercussions, the real income of the community, and its capital wealth also, would probably become a good deal greater than it actually is.
** [[John Maynard Keynes]], ''The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money'' (1936), Book 3, Chapter 10, Section 6, p. 129

* '''When laissez-faire creates instability, the move to a freer market can be something less than pure gain.'''
** [[Robert Kuttner]], ''The Economic Illusion'' (1984), Chapter 2, Capital, p. 85

* Political conservatives have focused on tax reduction as an economic growth strategy for three reasons. First it is self-serving; it saves rich people lots of money. Second, it comports with their ideological allegiance to laissez-faire economics. And third, tax incentives are less intrusive to business-as-usual than any other form of government planning.
** [[Robert Kuttner]], ''The Economic Illusion'' (1984), Chapter 5, Taxes, p. 227

==L==
* ''Que faut-il faire pour vous aider?'' ''Laissez-nous faire!''
** What should be done to help you? Let us be!
**Conversation between French Finance Minister [[Jean-Baptiste Colbert]] and a [[merchant]] named Legendre (1680), quoted in, among others, ''The End of Laissez-Faire'' (1926) by [[John Maynard Keynes]]

== M ==
* Nobody talks more of free enterprise and competition and of the best man winning than the man who inherited his father's store or farm.
** [[C. Wright Mills]], ''[[w:White Collar: The American Middle Classes|White Collar: The American Middle Classes]]'' (1951), p. [http://books.google.com/books?id=5U1pAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA36 36]

==O==
* In our standard economics textbooks and in our modern political debates, laissez-faire is the default rule; anyone who would challenge it swims against the prevailing tide.
** [[Barack Obama]], ''The Audacity of Hope,'' 2006, p. 150.

==P==
* Nineteenth-century civilization rested on four institutions. The first was the balance-of-power system which for a century prevented the occurrence of any long and devastating war between the Great Powers. The second was the international gold standard which symbolized a unique organization of world economy. The third was the self-regulating market which produced an unheard-of material welfare. The fourth was the liberal state. Classified in one way, two of these institutions were economic, two political. Classified in another way, two of them were national, two international. Between them they determined the characteristic outlines of the history of our civilization. […] the fount and matrix of the system was the self-regulating market. It was this innovation which gave rise to a specific civilization.
** [[Karl Polanyi]], ''The Great Transformation'' (1944), Ch. 1 : The Hundred Years' Peace

==Q==
* [[François Quesnay]] was the leading figure of the [[Physiocrats]], generally considered to be the first school of economic thinking. The name “Physiocrat” derives from the Greek words phýsis, meaning “nature,” and kràtos, meaning “power.” The Physiocrats believed that an economy’s power derived from its agricultural sector. They wanted the government of Louis XV, who ruled France from 1715 to 1774, to deregulate and reduce taxes on French agriculture so that poor France could emulate wealthier Britain, which had a relatively laissez-faire policy. Indeed, it was Quesnay who coined the term “laissez-faire, laissez-passer.”
** "[http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Quesnay.html François Quesnay]." ''The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics.'' 2008. Library of Economics and Liberty. 21 July 2014.

== S ==
* ''Laissez faire, telle devrait être la devise de toute puissance publique, depuis que le monde est civilisé ... Détestable principe que celui de ne vouloir grandir que par l'abaissement de nos voisins! Il n'y a que la méchanceté et la malignité du coeur de satisfaites dans ce principe, et l’intérêt y est opposé. Laissez faire, morbleu! Laissez faire!!''
** Let it be, that should be the motto of all public powers, since the world was civilized ... That we cannot grow except by lowering our neighbors is a detestable notion! Only malice and malignity of heart is satisfied with such a principle and our (national) interest is opposed to it. Let it be, for heaven's sake! Let it be!
*** [[Marc-René de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson]]. ''Diary of René de Voyer,'' (1736); As quoted in J.M. Keynes, 1926, "The End of Laissez Faire". Argenson's ''Mémoirs'' were published only in 1858, ed. Jannet, Tome V, p. 362. See A. Oncken (''Die Maxime Laissez faire et laissez passer, ihr Ursprung, ihr Werden'', 1866)
** ''Alternative translation:'' Laissez faire ought to be the motto of every public authority
*** Quoted in: [[Mark Skousen]]. ''The Making of Modern Economics,'' (2009), p. 48

==T==
* Most of those who say so easily that this is our way out do not, I am convinced, understand that fundamental changes of attitude, new disciplines, revised legal structures, unaccustomed limitations on activity, are all necessary if we are to plan. This amounts, in fact, to the abandonment, finally, of laissez faire. It amounts, practically, to the abolition of "business".
** [[w:Rexford Guy Tugwell|Rexford Guy Tugwell]], "The Principle of Planning and the Institution of Laissez Faire", paper presented at the 44th annual meeting of the American Economic Association; reported in ''The American Economic Review'' (March 1932), vol. 22, no. 1, supplement, p. 76.

== See also ==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
* [[Capitalism]]
* [[Classical liberalism]]
* [[Economic liberalism]]
* [[Free market]]
* [[Free trade]]
{{col-2}}
* [[Freedom]]
* [[Libertarianism]]
* [[Market]]
* [[Property]]
* [[Trade]]
{{col-end}}

== External links ==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wiktionary|laissez-faire}}

[[Category:Liberalism]]

Multiculturalism

2020-10-19T15:45:28Z

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[[File:European Central Bank 041107.jpg|thumb|right|What does cultural pluralism signify in the absence of economic pluralism? … The economic structure of society—call it advanced industrial society or capitalism or the market economy—stands as the invariant; few can imagine a different economic project. The silent agreement says much about multiculturalism. No divergent political or economic vision animates cultural diversity. From the most militant Afrocentrism to the most ardent feminists, all quarters subscribe to very similar beliefs about work, equality and success. The secret of cultural diversity is its political and economic uniformity. ~ [[Russell Jacoby]]]]
The term '''{{w|multiculturalism}}''' has a range of meanings within the contexts of [[sociology]], of [[political philosophy]], and of colloquial use. In sociology and in everyday usage, it is a synonym for "[[w:Pluralism (political theory)|ethnic pluralism]]", with the two terms often used interchangeably, for example, a {{w|cultural pluralism}}.
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==B==
*The Universal, in the name of which an oppressive particularity came to dominate the globe, suddenly seems the last bastion against a neoliberal world order that is happy enough to maintain differences ... as long as they are subsumed without resistance within the global market.
** Nicholas Brown and [[Imre Szemán]], “Twenty-five Theses on Philosophy in the Age of Finance Capital,” in ''Leftist Ontology'', edited by Carsten Strathausen (2009), p. 37

==C==
* Multiculturalism in Europe is dead in the water, as every recent election has shown. Even the politicians are admitting it now. Some people cling to the illusion of it still, the way the Soviets clung to the illusion of Communism, but it’s over, and these show trials and violent street attacks are symptoms of its death throes. They’re the desperate acts of desperate people who’ve totally lost their way. Criminalizing opinion is an open admission that lawmakers have lost control, and created a situation they can’t handle. But that’s what happens when the people are never asked for their opinion, and, when they give it, it’s ignored.
** [[Pat Condell]], ''[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bWw7H4m389o Free speech in Europe]'' ([[November 10]], 2010; from [[w:YouTube|YouTube]])

* Indeed, we’ve encouraged it by fostering separatism and ghettoization in the guise of our old friend, Multiculturalism. And as a consequence, Islamic violence against women and girls is an ugly reality in Europe. And for anyone to use the law to try and suppress discussion of it is not enlightened or tolerant or liberal. It’s shameful and stupid and cowardly and unforgivable.
** [[Pat Condell]], ''[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IEkelAsmcf4 The Criminal Truth]'' ([[January 28]], 2011; from [[w:YouTube|YouTube]])

==F==
* If you try to discuss multiculturalism in the UK you're labelled a racist. But here we're still free to talk, and I say multicultural society doesn't work. We're not living closer, we're living apart.
** [[Pim Fortuyn]], quoted in [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/netherlands/1393177/Hollands-high-camp-hero-of-new-politics.html "Holland's high-camp hero of new politics"], ''The Telegraph'' (4 May 2002).

==H==
* I’m tired of being told how bad [[America]] is by [[leftwing]] millionaires like [[Michael Moore]], [[George Soros]] and [[Hollywood]] entertainers who live in luxury because of the opportunities America offers. In thirty years, if they get their way, the United States will have the [[w:Freedom of religion in Saudi Arabia|religious freedom]] and [[w:Women's rights in Saudi Arabia|women’s rights of Saudi Arabia]], the [[w:Economy of Zimbabwe|economy of Zimbabwe]], the [[W:Human rights in China#Freedom of the press|freedom of the press of China]], the [[w:Crime in Mexico|crime and violence of Mexico]], the [[w:LGBT rights in Iran|tolerance for Gay people of Iran]], and the [[w:Censorship in Venezuela|freedom of speech of Venezuela]]. Won’t multiculturalism be beautiful?
** [[Robert A. Hall]], ''[http://tartanmarine.blogspot.com.ar/2009/02/robert.html I'm Tired]'' (February 19, 2009)

* I and most Australians want our immigration policy radically reviewed and that of multiculturalism abolished. I believe we are in danger of being swamped by Asians. Between 1984 and 1995, 40 per cent of all migrants coming into this country were of Asian origin. They have their own culture and religion, form ghettos and do not assimilate. Of course, I will be called racist but, if I can invite whom I want into my home, then I should have the right to have a say in who comes into my country.
** [[Pauline Hanson]] (1996) Maiden Speech for Australian House of Representatives Hansard for 10 September 1996

* The dogma of multiculturalism has left a secular Europe very slow to address the looming problem of religious extremism among its immigrants. The people who speak most sensibly about the threat that Islam poses to Europe are actually fascists.
** [[Sam Harris]], [http://www.samharris.org/site/full_text/the-end-of-liberalism/ "The End of Liberalism?"], ''Los Angeles Times'', 18 September 2006.

==J==
* Multiculturalism flourishes as a programme while it weakens as a reality.
** [[Russell Jacoby]], [http://newleftreview.org/static/assets/archive/pdf/NLR20407.pdf ''The Myth of Multiculturalism''] (1994)

* What does cultural pluralism signify in the absence of economic pluralism? Perhaps the question seems meaningless. Yet the apparent lack of meaning signals the intellectual retreat. The economic structure of society—call it advanced industrial society or capitalism or the market economy—stands as the invariant; few can imagine a different economic project. The silent agreement says much about multiculturalism. No divergent political or economic vision animates cultural diversity. From the most militant Afrocentrism to the most ardent feminists, all quarters subscribe to very similar beliefs about work, equality and success. The secret of cultural diversity is its political and economic uniformity. The future looks like the present with more options. Multiculturalism spells the demise of utopia.
** [[Russell Jacoby]], ''The End of Utopia'' (1999), pp. 39-40

* Endless discussions of multiculturalism proceed from the unsubstantiated assumption that numerous distinct “cultures” constitute American society. Only a few historians or observers even consider the possibility that the opposite may be true: that the world and the United States are relentlessly becoming more culturally uniform, not diverse. … No group is able, and few are willing, to stand up to the potent homogenizing forces of advanced industrial society. All Americans, from African Americans to Greek Americans, buy the same goods, look at the same movies and television, pursue the same activities and have—more or less—the same desires for success. … Multiculturalism is not the opposite of assimilation, but its product.
** [[Russell Jacoby]], ''The End of Utopia'' (1999), pp. 47-49

==M==

* The values of Western civilization are not just different, they're ''better''. OK? I know a whole generation has been raised on the notion of multiculturalism, that all civilizations are just different. No! Not always, some times things are better! Rule of law is ''better'' than autocracy and theocracy. Equality of the sexes, ''better''. Protection of minorities, ''better''. Free speech, ''better''. Free elections, ''better''.
** [[Bill Maher]], ''Victory Begins at Home'' (20 January 2004)

* Contrary to all those who think that the time to speak of multiculturalism is over, I think it is most timely and necessary, and that we need more not less. ... For multiculturalism is a form of integration. It is the form of integration that best meets the normative implications of equal citizenship and under our present post-9/11, post-7/7 circumstances stands the best chance of succeeding. Moreover, contrary to the claims of its critics (and sometimes of its advocates), the key trends and developments are broadly consistent with a moderate, pragmatic yet, inevitably, uneven multiculturalism.
** [[w:Tariq Modood|Tariq Modood]], ''Multiculturalism'' (2007), p. 14

==P==
* Multiculturalism is about the proper terms of relationship between different cultural communities. The norms governing their respective claims, including the principles of justice, cannot be derived from one culture alone but through an open and equal dialogue between them.
** [[w:Bhikhu Parekh|Bhikhu Parekh]], ''Rethinking Multiculturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory'' (2000), p. 13

* Multiculturalism is not about safeguarding self-contained ethnic and cultural boxes but rather about intercultural fusion in which a culture freely borrows bits of others and creatively transforms both itself and them. Far from implying that each individual should remain rooted in his or her own culture and flit between them, multiculturalism requires that they should open themselves up to the influence of others and engage in a reflective and sometimes life enhancing dialogue with others. Multiculturalism is not ghettoisation but a form of universalism, and represents one of the highest expressions of human freedom and self-creation.
** [[w:Bhikhu Parekh|Bhikhu Parekh]], as quoted in [http://www.theguardian.com/books/2005/aug/01/philosophy ''The Guardian''] (1 August 2005)

==Q==
* Islam chose to unite earth and heaven in a single system, present both in the heart of the individual and the actuality of society, recognizing no separation of practical exertion from religious impulse. ... The center of its being and the field of its action is human life in its entirety, spiritual and material, religious and worldly. Such a religion cannot continue to exist in isolation from society, nor can its adherents be true Muslims unless they practice their faith in their social, legal and economic relationships.
** [[Sayyid Qutb]], ''Social Justice in Islam'' (1953)

==R==
* The one absolutely certain way of bringing this nation to ruin, of preventing all possibility of its continuing to be a nation at all, would be to permit it to become a tangle of squabbling nationalities, an intricate knot of German-Americans, Irish-Americans, English-Americans, French-Americans, Scandinavian-Americans or Italian-Americans, each preserving its separate nationality, each at heart feeling more sympathy with Europeans of that nationality, than with the other citizens of the American Republic. The men who do not become Americans and nothing else are hyphenated Americans; and there ought to be no room for them in this country. The man who calls himself an American citizen and who yet shows by his actions that he is primarily the citizen of a foreign land, plays a thoroughly mischievous part in the life of our body politic. He has no place here; and the sooner he returns to the land to which he feels his real heart-allegiance, the better it will be for every good American. There is no such thing as a hyphenated American who is a good American. The only man who is a good American is the man who is an American and nothing else.
** [[Theodore Roosevelt]], [[s:Address to the Knights of Columbus|Address to the Knights of Columbus]] (1915)

==S==
* The great thing about multiculturalism is it doesn't involve knowing anything about other cultures - the capital of Bhutan, the principal exports of Malawi, who cares? All it requires is feeling good about other cultures. It's fundamentally a fraud, and I think was subliminally accepted on that basis. Most adherents to the idea that all cultures are equal don't want to live in anything but an advanced Western society.
** [[Mark Steyn]] (2006) "[http://www.opinionjournal.com/extra/?id=110007760 It's the Demography, Stupid]", column, 4 January 2006

* Multiculturalism is a unicultural phenomenon.
** [[Mark Steyn]], [http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/299725/spirit-geert-wilders-mark-steyn/page/0/2 "The Spirit of Geert Wilders" (14 May 2012)] (A foreword to [[Geert Wilders|Wilders]]' ''Marked for Death'')

*The current ideology of religious harmony emphasizes similarity—different religions are harmonious because they say the same thing; The older doctrine of multiple paths lays stress on their diversity—these paths are valid because they serve genuine different needs and answer to different natures. In short, they serve humanity not by being the same but by being different.
** {{w|Ram Swarup}}. Ramakrishna Mission. (1986). Ramakrishna Mission: In search of a new identity.

==T==

* In its simplest, most basic context, multiculturalism is the name for an approach that shows us another way of using knowledge to understand ideas and events. Most often a multicultural approach uses several disciplines to highlight neglected aspects of our social history, particularly the histories of women and minorities. Concepts of race, class, culture, gender, and ethnicity are the driving themes of a multicultural approach, which also promotes respect for the dignity of the lives and voices of the forgotten.
** C. James Trotman, ''Multiculturalism: Roots and Realities'' (2002), p. ix

* By closing gaps, by raising consciousness about the past, multiculturalism tries to restore a sense of wholeness in a postmodern era that fragments human life and thought.
** C. James Trotman, ''Multiculturalism: Roots and Realities'' (2002), p. ix

==W==
* Ladies and gentlemen, make no mistake: The multiculturalist Left is facilitating islamization. Leftist multiculturalists are cheering for every new [[w:Sharia|shariah]] bank, for every new islamic school, for every new mosque. Multiculturalists consider Islam as being equal to our own culture. Shariah law or democracy? Islam or freedom? It doesn't really matter to them. But it does matter to us. The entire leftist elite is guilty of practising cultural relativism. Universities, churches, trade unions, the media, politicians. They are all betraying our hard-won liberties.
** [[Geert Wilders]], [http://www.americanthinker.com/blog/2011/03/geert_wilders_in_rome_defendin.html "The Failure of Multiculturalism and How to Turn the Tide"] (March 25, 2011), seminal address at the Annual Lecture of the Magna Carta Foundation in Rome, Italy.

* I believe that the biggest disease in Europe today is called [[cultural relativism]]. And I want to fight with all my life this misconception by politically correct, often liberal and leftist politicians, who invented the multicultural society, that all cultures are equal. ... I am proud to say that our culture – that is based on [[Christianity]], on [[Judaism]], on [[Humanism]] – is not only better, far better, than what I see as a barbaric [[Islamic]] culture, and that we should fight to preserve it for our children.
** [[Geert Wilders]], [http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/world/2012/May/Wilders-Islamization-of-Europe-Can-Happen-in-America/ CBN News interview (May 2012)]

== See also ==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
* [[Culture]]
* [[Diversity]]
{{col-2}}
* [[Globalization]]
* [[Postmodernism]]
{{col-end}}

== External links ==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wiktionary|multiculturalism}}

[[Category:Themes]]
[[Category:Sociology]]

Kevin M. Kruse

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[[File:Bill of Responsibilities.png|thumb|Business leaders, of course, had long been working to "[[w:Merchandising|merchandise]]" themselves through the appropriation of religion. In organizations such as [[w:James W. Fifield Jr.#Spiritual Mobilization|Spiritual Mobilization]], the prayer breakfast groups, and the [[w:Freedoms Foundation|Freedoms Foundation]], they had linked [[capitalism]] and [[Christianity]].]]
'''[[w:Kevin M. Kruse|Kevin M. Kruse]]''' is a professor of history at [[w:Princeton University|Princeton University]]. He served as the David L. Rike University Preceptor of History from 2003 to 2006.
{{Historian-stub}}
== Quotes ==
=== ''One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America'' (2015) ===
* [[w:James W. Fifield Jr.|James W. Fifield Jr.]] ... convinced the industrialists that clergymen could be the means of regaining the upper hand in their war with [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] in the coming years. As men of God, they could give voice to the same conservative complaints as business leaders, but without any suspicion that they were motivated solely by self-interest.
** p. 7

* Conservative clergymen now used their ministerial authority to argue, quite explicitly, that [[w:New Deal|New Dealers]] were the ones violating the [[w:Ten Commandments|Ten Commandments]]. ... They insisted that the [[w:Welfare state|welfare state]] was not a means to implement Christ's teaching about caring for the poor and the needy, but rather a perversion of Christian doctrine. In a forceful rejection of the public service themes of the [[Social Gospel]], they argued that the central tenet of Christianity remained the salvation of the individual. If any political and economic system fit with the religious teachings of Christ, it would have to be rooted in a similarly individualistic ethos. Nothing better exemplified such values, they insisted, than the [[capitalist]] system of free enterprise.
** p. 7

* Business leaders, of course, had long been working to "[[w:Merchandising|merchandise]]" themselves through the appropriation of religion. In organizations such as [[w:James W. Fifield Jr.#Spiritual Mobilization|Spiritual Mobilization]], the prayer breakfast groups, and the [[w:Freedoms Foundation|Freedoms Foundation]], they had linked [[capitalism]] and [[Christianity]] and, at the same time, likened the welfare state to godless paganism. After decades of work, these businessmen believed their efforts had finally paid off with the election of [[Dwight Eisenhower]].
** p. 86

* The story of business leaders enlisting clergymen in their war against the [[w:New Deal|New Deal]] is one that has been largely obscured by the very [[ideology]] that resulted from it.
** p. 292

== See also ==
* [[Fundamentalist Christianity]]
* [[Prosperity theology]]

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}

[[Category:Living people]]

Michael Moore

2020-10-19T15:43:06Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880559 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:Michael_moore.jpg|thumb|Controversy... What Controversy?]]
[[File:Michael Moore 66ème Festival de Venise (Mostra) 9.jpg|thumb|A lot of political people, especially people on the left, have forgotten the importance of humor as an ''incredible'' weapon, and a vehicle through which to affect change.]]
'''[[w:Michael Moore|Michael Moore]]''' (born [[April 23]], [[1954]]) is an Academy Award-winning American filmmaker, author, and [[w:Modern liberalism in the United States|liberal]] political commentator.

== Quotes ==
* '''Well I failed to bring Roger to Flint. As we neared the end of the twentieth century, the rich were richer, the poor, poorer.''' And people everywhere now had a lot less lint, thanks to the lint rollers made in my hometown. It was truly the dawn of a new era.
** ''[[w:Roger & Me|Roger & Me]]'' (1989)

=== 2001 ===
[[File:National Park Service 9-11 Statue of Liberty and WTC.jpg|thumb|I will have to face an ugly truth that has been gnawing through my head... No bomb was set off, no missile was fired, no weapon … was used. A boxcutter! — I can't stop thinking about this. A thousand gun control laws would not have prevented this massacre.]]

* White people scare the crap out of me... I have never been attacked by a black person, never been evicted by a black person, never had my security deposit ripped off by a black landlord, never had a black landlord... never been pulled over by a black cop, never been sold a lemon by a black car salesman, never seen a black car salesman, never had a black person deny me a bank loan, never had a black person bury my movie, and I've never heard a black person say, "We're going to eliminate ten thousand jobs here — have a nice day!"
** {{cite book
|title=[[w:Stupid White Men|Stupid White Men ...and Other Excuses For the State of the Nation!]]
|year=2001
|isbn=0060392452
|oclc=49040476}}

* Many families have been devastated tonight. This is just not right. They did not deserve to die. … If someone did this to get back at Bush, then they did so by killing thousands of people who DID NOT VOTE for him. Boston, New York, D.C., and the planes' destination of California — these were the places that voted AGAINST Bush.
** Statement of 12 September 2001 attributed to Moore, as published in {{cite journal
|title=Michael Moore, Humbug
|journal=City Journal
|date=Summer 2003
|first=Kay S.
|last=Hymowitz
|url=http://www.city-journal.org/html/13_3_michael_moore.html}}

* I can't even think about this movie. I don't WANT to think about it because if I think about it '''I will have to face an ugly truth that has been gnawing through my head...''' This started out as a documentary on gun violence in America, but the largest mass murder in our history was just committed — without the use of a single gun! Not a single bullet fired! '''No bomb was set off, no missile was fired, no weapon (i.e., a device that was solely and specifically manufactured to kill humans) was used. A boxcutter! — I can't stop thinking about this. A thousand gun control laws would not have prevented this massacre.''' What am I doing?
** {{cite web
|title=Tears Down the West Side Highway
|work=MichaelMoore.com
|date=22 September 2001
|url=http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/mikes-letter/tears-down-the-west-side-highway}}
** In response to the [[September 11 attacks]] on New York City

=== 2002 ===
* '''Librarians see themselves as the guardians of the First Amendment. … You got a thousand [[w:Mary Harris Jones|Mother Joneses]] at the barricades!''' I love the librarians, and I am grateful for them!
** On the role of outraged librarians protesting when publisher HarperCollins insisted he rewrite ''Stupid White Men'' to be less critical of President Bush. [http://archive.salon.com/books/feature/2002/01/07/moore/print.html "Muzzling Moore" ''Salon'' (7 January 2002)]

* I'm a millionaire, I'm a multi-millionaire, I'm filthy rich. You know why I'm a multi-millionaire? 'Cause multi-millions like what I do. That's pretty good, isn't it? There's millions that believe in what I do. Pretty cool, huh?
** Responding to criticism over his purchase of a million-dollar home, as quoted in the ''Arcata Eye'' (3 March 2002); and in [http://www.stanfordreview.org/Archive/Volume_XXVIII/Issue_4/Opinion/opinion2.shtml "Moore Lies, Moore Fun at Stanford" by Joe Fairbanks in the ''Stanford Review'' (17 April 2002)] 

* If the small businesses suck they'll be driven out of business... If they got a good restaurant, people will go there and eat. You know in my town the small businesses that everyone wanted to protect? They were the people that supported all the right-wing groups. They were the Republicans in the town, they were in the Kiwanas, the Chamber of Commerce — people that kept the town all white. The small hardware salesman, the small clothing store salespersons, Jesse the Barber who signed his name three different times on three different petitions to recall me from the school board. Fuck all these small businesses — fuck 'em all! Bring in the chains. The small businesspeople are the rednecks that run the town and suppress the people. Fuck 'em all. That's how I feel.
** As quoted in [http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.arcataeye.com/top/020312top02.shtml "Moore confounds anti-corporate conventional wisdom" by Cory Ratzlaff, in ''Arcata Eye'' (12 March 2002)]

* You know he's there illegally. You know he was not elected either by the popular vote or by the vote in Florida.
** On President [[George W. Bush]] in [http://www.buzzflash.com/interviews/2002/03/Michael_Moore_031302.html "BuzzFlash Interviews Michael Moore" (13 March 2002)]

* We know all those facts about Florida and what [[Katherine Harris]] did, and the private firm that took African-Americans off the voting rolls and prohibited them from voting. But I've been surprised in this first week how many average Americans were not aware of all of the trickery and deceit that took place in the year before the election to fix it for George W. Bush.
** "BuzzFlash Interviews Michael Moore" (13 March 2002)

* It was the morning of April 20, 1999, and it was pretty much like any other morning in America. The Farmer did his chores. The milkman made his deliveries. The President bombed another country whose name we couldn't pronounce. Out in Fargo, North Dakota, Cary McWilliams went on his morning walk. Back in Michigan, Mrs Hughes welcomed her students for another day of school. And out in a little town in Colorado, two boys went bowling at 6 in the morning. Yes, it was a typical day in the United States of America.
** ''[[w:Bowling for Columbine|Bowling for Columbine]]'' (2002) [released 11 October 2002]

* '''You survive by having your fear compass calibrated correctly. Our compass is off now because we're being told to be afraid of everything.''' The things that we're frightened of, or told to be frightened of, are not necessarily the things that we need to fear.
**Interview on [http://www.npr.org/templates/rundowns/rundown.php?prgId=2 ''All Things Considered'' NPR (November 2002)]

=== 2003 ===
[[File:Michael Moore.jpg|thumb|We like nonfiction and we live in fictitious times. ]]
[[File:Michael Moore 66ème Festival de Venise (Mostra) 4.jpg|thumb| I'll make sure that my work gets out. That no publisher will ever be able to tell me to take things out. Because I'll put it out myself. ]]

* '''What the media are telling you to be afraid of are the wrong things...''' Fear is a necessary ingredient of our survival instincts.
** Interview with filmmaker Michael Moore, ''Rolling Stone'' (January 2003)

* These bastards who run our country are a bunch of conniving, thieving, smug pricks who need to be brought down and removed and replaced with a whole new system that we control.
** {{cite book
|title=[[w:Dude, Where's My Country?|Dude, Where's My Country?]]
|year=2003
|isbn=0446532231
|oclc=53112245}}

* Hey, here's a way to stop suicide bombings — give the Palestinians a bunch of missile-firing Apache helicopters and let them and the Israelis go at each other head to head. Four billion dollars a year to Israel — four billion dollars a year to the Palestinians — they can just blow each other up and leave the rest of us the hell alone.
** ''Dude, Where's My Country?'' (2003)

* Whoa. On behalf of our producers Kathleen Glynn and Michael Donovan from Canada, I'd like to thank the Academy for this. I have invited my fellow documentary nominees on the stage with us, and we would like to — they're here in solidarity with me because we like nonfiction. '''We like nonfiction and we live in fictitious times.''' We live in the time where we have fictitious election results that elects a fictitious president. We live in a time where we have a man sending us to war for fictitious reasons. Whether it's the fictition of duct tape or fictition of orange alerts we are against this war, Mr. Bush. Shame on you, Mr. Bush, shame on you. And any time you got the Pope and the Dixie Chicks against you, your time is up. Thank you very much.
** [http://www.oscars.org/75academyawards/winners/docfeature.html Oscar Speech for Best Documentary Feature (23 March 2003)]

* The majority of Americans — the ones who never elected you — are not fooled by your weapons of mass distraction.
** About President [[George W. Bush]], in [http://www.alternet.org/story/15406/ "A Letter to George W. Bush on the Eve of War" (17 March 2003)]

* I think the United States, I think our government knows where he is and I don't think we're going to be capturing him or killing him any time soon.
** About [[Osama bin Laden]] in an interview with [[Bob Costas]] on ''On the Record with Bob Costas'' HBO (Spring 2003)

* Should such an ignorant people lead the world? How did it come to this in the first place? 82 percent of us don't even have a passport! Just a handful can speak a language other than English (and we don't even speak that very well.)
** On Americans in an [http://www.zeit.de/2003/46/AbdruckMoor Open Letter to the German publication ''Die Zeit'' (11 June 2003) (published in German)]

* There's a gullible side to the American people. They can be easily misled. Religion is the best device used to mislead them.
** {{cite journal
|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/michaelmoore/story/0,,1055591,00.html
|title=The capped crusader
|journal=The Guardian
|date=4 October 2003
|first=Gary
|last=Younge}}

* Maybe it's a sick fantasy of mine, but I am really looking forward to a debate between a general and a deserter. Plus, I really want to hear President Bush have to say, "Yes, General, No, General."
** On prospects of a debate between [[Wesley Clark]] and [[George W. Bush]], as quoted at [http://treasononline.blogspot.com/2003_10_26_archive.html Treason Online (29 October 2003)]

* '''I'm going to do damage with it. I'll make sure that my work gets out. That no publisher will ever be able to tell me to take things out. Because I'll put it out myself.''' The more money I earn, the less they can stop me. Where I come from it's called fuck you money because I don't have to take an ounce of shit from anybody.
** Upon being asked by Brian Reade if money and success have gone to his head, quoted in "The Awkward Conscience of a Nation" in ''The Daily Mirror'' (3 November 2003) - [http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-109560361.html Full text available at Highbeam Research (paysite)] 

* I stopped reading the [[comics]] page a long time ago. It seems that whoever is in charge of what to put on that page is given an edict that states: “For God’s sake, try to be as bland as possible and by no means offend any one!” Thus, whenever something like '''[[w:Doonesbury|Doonesbury]]''' would come along, it would be continually censored and, if lucky, eventually banished to the editorial pages. The message was clear: Keep it simple, keep it cute, and don’t be challenging, outrageous or political. And keep it white! It’s odd that considering all the black ink that goes into making the comics section (and color on Sundays) that you rarely see any [[black people|black faces]] on that page. Well, maybe it’s not so odd after all, considering the makeup of most newsrooms in our country. It is even more stunning when you consider that in many of our large [[cities]] like [[New York]], [[Los Angeles]], or [[Chicago]] where the white population is barely a third of the overall citizenry, the comics pages seem to be one of the last vestiges of the belief that white faces are just…well, you know…so much more happy and friendly and funny! Of course, the real funnies are on the front pages of most papers these days. That’s where you can see a lot of black faces. The media loves to cover black people on the front page. After all, when you live in a society that will lock up 30 percent of all black men at some time in their lives and send more of them to prison than to college, chances are a fair number of those black faces will end up in the newspaper. Oops, there I go playing the race card. You see, in America these days, we aren’t supposed to talk about race. We have been told to pretend that things have gotten better, that the old days of segregation and cross burnings are long gone, and that no one needs to talk about race again because, hey, we fixed that problem. Of course, nothing could be further from the truth. Sure, the “whites only” signs are down, but they have just been replaced by invisible ones that, if you are black, you see hanging in front of the home loan department of the local bank, across the entrance of the ritzy suburban or on the doors of the U.S. Senate (100 percent Caucasian and going strong!)
** Foreword to "[[The Boondocks (comic strip)|The Boondocks Treasury: a Right to be Hostile]]" by [[Aaron McGruder]], (2003).

=== 2004 ===
* They are possibly the dumbest people on the planet... in thrall to conniving, thieving, smug pricks. We Americans suffer from an enforced ignorance. We don't know about anything that's happening outside our country. Our stupidity is embarrassing. ''National Geographic'' produced a survey which showed that 60 percent of 18-25 year olds don't know where Great Britain is on a map. And 92 percent of us don't own a passport.
** On the American public, as quoted in "The Awkward Conscience of a Nation" in ''The Daily Mirror'' (3 November 2003); also partly quoted in [http://www.usnews.com/usnews/opinion/articles/040712/12barone.htm "The company they keep" by Michael Barone, in ''U.S.News & World Report'' (12 July 2004)]

* '''A lot of political people, especially people on the left, have forgotten the importance of humor as an ''incredible'' weapon, and a vehicle through which to affect change.'''
** ''[[w:The Corporation|The Corporation]]'' (2004)

* I would like to apologize for referring to George W. Bush as a "deserter." What I meant to say is that George W. Bush is a deserter, an election thief, a drunk driver, a WMD liar, and a functional illiterate. And he poops his pants.
** {{cite web
|title=You Say Deserter, I Say More Dessert... by Michael Moore
|work=MichaelMoore.com
|date=27 January 2004
|url=http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/mikes-letter/you-say-deserter-i-say-more-dessert-by-michael-moore}}

* [[w:Halliburton|Halliburton]] is not a "company" doing business in Iraq. It is a WAR PROFITEER, bilking millions from the pockets of average Americans. In past wars they would have been arrested — or worse. The Iraqis who have risen up against the occupation are not "insurgents" or "terrorists" or "The Enemy." They are the REVOLUTION, the Minutemen, and their numbers will grow — and they will win. Get it, Mr. Bush?
* There is a lot of talk amongst Bush's opponents that we should turn this war over to the United Nations. Why should the other countries of this world, countries who tried to talk us out of this folly, now have to clean up our mess? I oppose the U.N. or anyone else risking the lives of their citizens to extract us from our debacle. I'm sorry, but the majority of Americans supported this war once it began and, sadly, that majority must now sacrifice their children until enough blood has been let that maybe — just maybe — God and the Iraqi people will forgive us in the end.
** {{cite web
|title=Heads Up... from Michael Moore
|work=MichaelMoore.com
|date=14 April 2004
|url=http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/mikes-letter/heads-up-from-michael-moore}}

* Stop this war! Shame on you [[w:Hobbit|Hobbits]]! Shame on you! This is a fictitious war! This Lord was not elected by the popular — [''a computer-generated [[w:Oliphaunt|Oliphaunt]] steps on Moore, crushing him''].
** In a humorous sendup of Moore's previous acceptance speech for Best Documentary Feature at the 2003 Oscars. Moore himself delivered the lines in the opening act of the 2004 Oscars, while standing in front of a greenscreen which had the [[w:Battle of the Pelennor Fields|Battle of the Pelennor Fields]] scene from ''[[w:The Return of the King (movie)|The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'' playing on it; a battle which was, itself, literally fictitious. (23 March 2004)

* He is probably choking on a pretzel or something. I hope nobody tells him that I have won this award while he is eating a pretzel. … He has the funniest lines in the film. I am eternally grateful to him.
** Statement about US President [[George W. Bush]], at press conference after winning the top prize at the Cannes film festival for ''Fahrenheit 9/11''; quoted in [http://guardianangels-mn.org/Minnesota/Too-funny-to-keep-in-mn.politics.html ''Reuters'' reports (22 May 2004)] and in {{cite journal
|title=Moore scoops Palme d'Or with attack on US president
|first=Patrick
|last=Barkham
|journal=The Guardian
|date=24 May 2004
|url=http://film.guardian.co.uk/cannes2004/story/0,,1223156,00.html}}

* I forgot out there on the stage to thank my cast. So if I could do that now, I want to thank Mr. Bush, [[Dick Cheney|Mr. Cheney]], [[Paul Wolfowitz]] and [[Donald Rumsfeld]]. I thought the love scene between Cheney and Rumsfeld brought a tear to my eye.
** Statement after winning the top prize at the Cannes film festival for ''Fahrenheit 9/11'', quoted ''Reuters'' reports (22 May 2004), partly quoted in {{cite journal
|title=Moore scoops Palme d'Or with attack on US president
|first=Patrick
|last=Barkham
|journal=The Guardian
|date=24 May 2004
|url=http://film.guardian.co.uk/cannes2004/story/0,,1223156,00.html}}

* '''I don't agree with the copyright laws, and I don't have a problem with people downloading the movie and sharing it with people… as long as they're not doing it to make a profit off it as long as they're not, you know trying to make a profit off ''my'' labor''' — I would oppose ''that'' but you know I do quite well, and I don't know... I make these books and movies and TV shows because I want things to change, and so the more people who get to see them, the better. And so I'm…I'm happy I'm happy if that happens. Should I not be happy? I don't know, It's like if a friend of yours had the DVD of my movie — gave it to you to watch one night is that person doing something wrong? I'm not seeing any money from that, but he's just handing the DVD to you so that you can watch my movie, that ''he bought'', and ''you're'' not buying it — and yet you're watching it without paying me any money you see, '''I think that's OK, I mean, that's ''always'' been okay right? — You share things with people and I think information, and ''art'', and ''ideas'' should be shared.'''
** After being asked what he thought about his films being pirated on the internet, in a press conference (July 2004) [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OlAB0v8wHdc (YouTube video)], quoted in {{cite journal
|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4156/is_20040704/ai_n12590099
|title=Moore: Pirate my film, no problem
|first=Iain S.
|last=Bruce
|journal=Sunday Herald
|date=4 July 2004
|location=Glascow, Scotland}} [Glascow, Scotland]

* Our young people who go off to war and who join the service, we need to honor them because they're willing to risk their lives to protect us, to defend us, so we can have this way of life. And the agreement that they make with us is that we never send them into harm's way unless it is absolutely necessary. I think most Americans — I just saw the latest poll today — 54% now believe that invading Iraq wasn't the wisest thing to do — it wasn't certainly in self-defense. You weren't threatened; I wasn't being threatened, and that's the only time, because ultimately if it was your child…would you give up your child to secure Fallujah?
** On the television program ''[[w:Late Night with Conan O'Brien|Late Night with Conan O'Brien]]'' (25 June 2004)

* The motivation for war is simple. The U.S. government started the war with Iraq in order to make it easy for U.S. corporations to do business in other countries. They intend to use cheap labor in those countries, which will make Americans rich.
** As quoted in {{cite journal
|url=http://www.worldtribune.com/worldtribune/WTARC/2004/guest_koch_6_28.html
|title=Koch: Moore's propaganda film cheapens debate, polarizes nation
|first=Ed
|last=Koch
|journal=World Tribune
|date=29 June 2004}}

* I would not use either of those words to describe myself. I would say I'm an [[w:Eagle_Scout_%28Boy_Scouts_of_America%29|Eagle Scout]] and I'm overweight.
** When asked what he thought about he thought about people who called him un-American and a traitor, as quoted in [http://media.www.dailyorange.com/media/storage/paper522/news/2004/09/23/Pulp/Filmmaker.Rehashes.Politics.In.Dome.Speech-728133.shtml "Filmmaker rehashes politics in Dome speech" in ''The Daily Orange'' (23 September 2004)]

* Nothing would make me happier than to have you share it with everyone you know. All surveys have shown that, the more people who see it — especially those still sitting on the fence — the more likely we will have regime change.
** {{cite web
|title=''Fahrenheit 9/11'' Out On Home Video/DVD Today! Pass it Around...
|work=MichaelMoore.com
|date=5 October 2004
|url=http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/mikes-letter/fahrenheit-911-out-on-home-videodvd-today-pass-it-around}}
** On the DVD release of ''Fahrenheit 9/11''

* '''There is no terrorist threat. Yes, there have been horrific acts of terrorism and, yes, there will be acts of terrorism again. But that doesn't mean that there's some kind of massive terrorist threat.'''
** As quoted in a review of ''Fahrenhype 9/11'', {{cite journal
|url=http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20040802/EDITOR/41028002
|title=''FahrenHYPE 9/11'': Morris vs. Moore
|journal=Chicago Sun Times
|date=28 October 2004
|first=Jim
|last=Emerson}} - some indications exist that this was from a speech in Power Center, Michigan, promoting ''[[w:Dude, Where's My Country?|Dude]]'' (2003)

==== ''[[Fahrenheit 9/11]]'' (2004) ====
:''Comments about the movie, and from it:''

* ''Fahrenheit 9/11: The temperature where freedom burns!''
** A phrase used in some advertisements, it is wordplay based on the title of [[Ray Bradbury]]'s book ''[[Fahrenheit 451]]'' about a totalitarian state, and the assertion made within it that 451° Fahrenheit was "The temperature at which book-paper catches fire and burns."

* ''Controversy... What Controversy?''
** Humorous lines of various advertisements for the film, some showing doctored pictures of Moore walking hand in hand with [[George W. Bush]].

* They serve so that we don't have to. They offer to give up their lives so that we can be free. It is, remarkably, their gift to us. And all they ask for in return is that we never send them into harm's way unless it is absolutely necessary. Will they ever trust us again?
**Comments by Moore, about the men and women in the U.S. Armed Services. ''Fahrenheit 9/11''

* George Orwell once wrote: "And it's not a matter of whether the war is ''not'' real or if it ''is''. Victory is not possible. The war is not meant to be won, it is meant to be continuous. Hierarchical society is only possible on the basis of poverty and ignorance. This new version ''is'' the past and no different past can ever have existed. In principle the war effort is always planned to keep society on the brink of starvation. The war is waged by the ruling group against its own subjects and its object is not the victory over either Eurasia or East Asia but to keep the very structure of society intact."
** The quote is almost identical to a block of narration from the 1984 movie version of "1984", which is excerpted from various parts of the novel ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]'' with some paraphrasing.

* For once we agreed.
** Michael Moore after Bush is shown saying "You can't get fooled again."

* You've got the Bush Administration using that event in such a disrespectful and immoral way — using the deaths of those people to try and shred our civil liberties, change our Constitution, round people up. That's not how you honor them, by using them to change our way of life as a free country.
** On the use of the September 11th attacks to expand governmental powers and diminish civil liberties, through "The Patriot Act". — [http://news4colorado.com/topstories/topstories_story_179195105.html CBS interview (June 2004)]

* I may be preaching to the choir, but the choir needs a good song.
** ''USA Today'' (20 June 2004)

* Clearly something has happened here that no one expected. And there aren't words to describe how any of us feel this morning on hearing this news.
** {{cite journal
|title=The Political 'Fahrenheit' Sets Record At Box Office
|journal=The New York Times
|date=28 June 2004
|first=Sharon
|last=Waxman}}
** On the movie ''Fahrenheit 9/11'' breaking all box office records for a documentary in its first weekend, and becoming the first documentary ever to become number one at the box office in North American ticket sales.

* I want to thank all the right-wing organizations out there who tried to stop the film, either from their harassment campaign that didn't work on the theatre owners, or going to the FEC to get our ads removed from television, to all the things that have been said on television. It's only encouraged more people to go and see it. We are happy to announce that the efforts of the small-minded few have failed miserably.
** On the movie ''Fahrenheit 9/11'' breaking box office records. — [http://www.zap2it.com/movies/go?path=/movies/news/story&general_id=22014 Zap2it.com (27 June 2004)]

* Early talk was that anti-Bush people would go see it and pro-Bush people would stay home, and that's not the case. Most people do not go around with labels. A lot of Republicans have open minds.
** On the movie ''Fahrenheit 9/11'' — Zap2it.com (27 June 2004)

=== 2005 ===
* Because it would be Un-American.
** Reply to a question as to why the standing down of the NORAD aerial forces on September 11, 2001 was not included in his movie Fahrenheit 9/11, as seen ''Martial Law: 9/11 Rise of the Police State'' (03:34, 2005) by Alex Jones.

* Dear Mr. Bush: Any idea where all our helicopters are? It's Day 5 of Hurricane Katrina and thousands remain stranded in New Orleans and need to be airlifted. Where on earth could you have misplaced all our military choppers? Do you need help finding them? I once lost my car in a Sears parking lot. Man, was that a drag. Also, any idea where all our national guard soldiers are? We could really use them right now for the type of thing they signed up to do like helping with national disasters. How come they weren't there to begin with?
* No, Mr. Bush, you just stay the course. It's not your fault that 30 percent of New Orleans lives in poverty or that tens of thousands had no transportation to get out of town. C'mon, they're black! I mean, it's not like this happened to Kennebunkport. Can you imagine leaving white people on their roofs for five days? Don't make me laugh! Race has nothing — NOTHING — to do with this!
** {{cite web
|title=Vacation is Over... an open letter from Michael Moore to George W. Bush
|work=MichaelMoore.com
|date=2 September 2005
|url=http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/mikes-letter/vacation-is-over-an-open-letter-from-michael-moore-to-george-w-bush}}

* How does it feel to know that the man you elected to lead us after we were attacked went ahead and put a guy in charge of FEMA whose main qualification was that he ran horse shows?
** {{cite web
|title=A Letter to All Who Voted for George W. Bush from Michael Moore
|work=MichaelMoore.com
|date=11 September 2005
|url=http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/mikes-letter/a-letter-to-all-who-voted-for-george-w-bush-from-michael-moore}}

* Now, I know this is a bitter pill to swallow. Iraq was going to be your great legacy. Now, it's just your legacy. It didn't have to end up this way. This week, when Republicans and conservative Democrats started jumping ship, you lashed out at them. You thought the most damning thing you could say to them was that they were "endorsing the policy positions of Michael Moore and the extreme liberal wing of the Democratic party." I mean, is that the best you can do to persuade them to stick with you — compare them to me? You gotta come up with a better villain. For heaven's sakes, you had a hundred-plus million other Americans who think the same way I do — and you could have picked on any one of them! But hey, why not cut out the name-calling and the smearing and just do the obvious thing: Come join the majority! Be one of us, your fellow Americans! Is it really that hard? Is there really any other choice? George, take a walk on the wild side!
** {{cite web
|title=Sorry, George, I'm In the Majority ...from Michael Moore
|work=MichaelMoore.com
|date=19 November 2005
|url=http://michaelmoore.com/words/mikes-letter/sorry-george-im-in-the-majority-from-michael-moore}}

=== 2007 ===
[[File:Flickr - Josh Jensen - Michael Moore.jpg|thumb|I think filmmakers are wrong about this. I think sharing's a good thing.]]
[[File:Michael Moore 66ème Festival de Venise (Mostra) 7.jpg|thumb|[[Jesus]] told us that we would be judged by how we treat the least among us.]]

* We are the richest country in the world. We spend more on health care than any other country. Yet we have the worst health care in the Western world. Come on. We can do better than this.
** As quoted in {{cite journal
|url=http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1623337,00.html
|title=Sicko is Socko
|first=Richard
|last=Corliss
|journal=Time
|date=19 May 2007}}

* The film that's leaked onto the Internet is not taken at a movie theatre with a little home video camera, right? The way it's usually done? This is an inside job... Now, if you were a police detective, one of the first questions you'd ask is motive. Who has a vested interest in destroying the opening weekend's box office of this movie? If I were the police or the FBI investigating this felony that's taken place, that's where I would look. Having said that, I'm glad that people were able to see my movie. … I'm not a big believer in our copyright laws. I think they're way too restrictive. … I've never supported this concept of going after Napster. I think the rock bands who fought this were wrong. '''I think filmmakers are wrong about this. I think sharing's a good thing. … They said television would kill the movies, it didn't. They said VCRs would kill the movies, it didn't. Now they're saying this is going to kill the movies. It won't.''' People want to get out of the house and go to the movies! Nothing's ever going to kill that, and I really hope people will do that on opening weekend.
** On the posting of his film ''[[w:Sicko|SiCKO]]'' on the Internet, prior to its official release, as quoted in [http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=21141 "Michael Moore Takes on His Pirates!" by Edward Douglas (19 June 2007)]

* '''[[Jesus]] told us that we would be judged by how we treat the least among us.'''
** [http://hotair.com/archives/2007/06/19/video-jesus-wants-you-to-nationalize-health-care-says-moore/ ''The View'' (19 June 2007)]

* The stories of the pharmaceutical companies and the health insurance companies is told. My film acts as a balance. I exist to provide balance, and I tell you, it isn't much balance. They're on every day, all day. My film is two hours. If for two hours during this entire year, people are exposed to the other side of the story, isn't that ok? It's amazing how they go after me. You asked me back there, 'You're biased. You have only one side.' Well, yeah, I have a bias. I have a bias on behalf of the little guy who doesn't have a say. I'm lucky enough to be able to have this bully pulpit, to be able to say the things I say, on behalf of the people who don't have a voice. The pharmaceutical companies and corporate America, they've got their voice. They own the networks and they can say whatever they want, all the time, and they do. So can we just have two hours for this side to have their say? I hope so, I think so. That's what I'm trying to do.
** Press conference in New York, as quoted in [http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=21257 ''CommingSoon'' (June 2007)]

* The French, the British and the Canadian stuff that's in the films is through my American eyes, and I'm comparing it to America, and I'm not saying they don't have problems. But those aren't for me to fix. Trust me, from an American point of view, the Europeans look pretty good. You need to preserve what you have and fight to get back that which you lost.
**Interview with [http://www.thebragmag.com/features/michael-moore-talks-to-the-bra.php Jay Harris], in ''The Brag'' (August 2007)

*There are problems in all health-care systems, but at least [Europeans] have a health-care system that covers everyone, and it's not my position or my right or my responsibility to point out the flaws in [your] health-care system — that is your job — it is your job to fix those problems.
** Casa del Cinema press conference, Rome, Italy, (August 2007)

=== 2009 ===
* I just decided to make a movie. I had no training, no film school, but I had been to a lot of movies.
** As quoted in "Wait Wait Don't Tell Me" (23 June 2007)

* Democracy is not a spectator sport, it's a participatory event. If we don't participate in it, it ceases to be a democracy. So [[Barack Obama|Obama]] will rise or fall based not so much on what he does but on what we do to support him.
** {{cite journal
|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/lifestyleMolt/idUSTRE5850F320090906
|title="Capitalism is evil," says new Michael Moore film
|first=Mike
|last=Collett-White
|journal=[[w:Reuters|Reuters]]
|date=6 September 2009}}

=== 2010 ===
* My mum taught me how to read before I went to kindergarden, I always thought that being able to read provided lightness, help to dispel darkness, ignorance and stupidity.
** [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cx2tJg91hsU Interview while promoting ''Capitalism : A Love Story'' (March 2010)]

*How about that McDonalds two blocks from Ground Zero? That's killed more people than the [[w:September 11 attacks|nineteen hijackers]].
**[http://newsbusters.org/blogs/noel-sheppard/2010/09/18/michael-moore-mcdonalds-ground-zero-killed-more-people-9-11-hijackers#ixzz0zzGIpSLV On HBO's "Real Time"] (September 17, 2010)

=== 2011 ===
*'''Today just 400 Americans have more wealth than half of all Americans combined.'''
**Speech delivered at Wisconsin Capitol in Madison (5 March 2011)<ref name="HP-20110306" />
**Claim found to be '''"true"''' by [[w:PolitiFact|PolitiFact]] and others.<ref name="HP-20110306">{{cite news |last=Moore |first=Michael |title=America Is Not Broke |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/michael-moore/america-is-not-broke_b_832006.html |date=6 March 2011 |work=[[w:Huffington Post|Huffington Post]] |accessdate=11 August 2013 }}</ref><ref name="PF-20110311">{{cite news |last1=Kertscher |first1=Tom |last2=Borowski |first2=Greg |title=The Truth-O-Meter Says: '''True''' - Michael Moore says 400 Americans have more wealth than half of all Americans combined |url=http://www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2011/mar/10/michael-moore/michael-moore-says-400-americans-have-more-wealth-/ |date=10 March 2011 |work=[[w:PolitiFact|PolitiFact]] |accessdate=11 August 2013 }}</ref><ref name="MM-20110307">{{cite web |last=Moore |first=Michael |authorlink=Michael Moore |title=The Forbes 400 vs. Everybody Else |url=http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/must-read/forbes-400-vs-everybody-else |date=March 7, 2011 |work=''[http://www.michaelmoore.com/ michaelmoore.com]'' |deadurl=yes |archivedate=2011-03-09 |accessdate=2014-08-28 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110309211959/http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/must-read/forbes-400-vs-everybody-else }}</ref><ref name="CNN-20100922">{{cite news |last=Pepitone |first=Julianne |title=Forbes 400: The super-rich get richer |url=http://money.cnn.com/2010/09/22/news/companies/forbes_400/index.htm |date=22 September 2010 |work=[[w:CNN|CNN]] |accessdate=11 August 2013 }}</ref><ref name="AN-20110214">{{cite web |last=Johnson |first=Dave |title=9 Pictures That Expose This Country's Obscene Division of Wealth |url=http://www.alternet.org/story/149918/9_pictures_that_expose_this_country%27s_obscene_division_of_wealth |date=14 February 2011 |work=[[w:Alternet|Alternet]] |accessdate=11 August 2013 }}</ref>

*'''Four hundred obscenely wealthy individuals, 400 little Mubaraks -- most of whom benefited in some way from the multi-trillion-dollar taxpayer bailout of 2008 -- now have more cash, stock and property than the assets of 155 million Americans combined.'''
**Speech delivered at Wisconsin Capitol in Madison (5 March 2011)<ref name="HP-20110306" />
**Claim found to be '''"true"''' by [[w:PolitiFact|PolitiFact]] and others.<ref name="HP-20110306" /><ref name="PF-20110311" /><ref name="MM-20110307" /><ref name="CNN-20100922" /><ref name="AN-20110214" />

=== 2012 ===
* '''Guns don't kill people – Americans kill people.'''
** Michael Moore on ''The Ed Show'', MSNBC, March 22, 2012 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JVORszwdNA]

=== 2013 ===
* Moore called the [[w:Affordable Care Act|Affordable Care Act]] “awful” and added that, “Obamacare’s rocky start … is a result of one fatal flaw: The Affordable Care Act is a pro-insurance-industry plan implemented by a president who knew in his heart that a single-payer, Medicare-for-all model was the true way to go.” Nonetheless, Moore considered the plan a "godsend" since it provides a start "to get what we deserve: universal quality health care.”
**Op-Ed written by Michael Moore in the [[w:New York Times|New York Times]] (31 December 2013)<ref name="NYT-20131231">{{cite news |last=Moore |first=Michael |title=The Obamacare We Deserve |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/01/opinion/moore-the-obamacare-we-deserve.html |date=31 December 2013 |work=[[w:New York Times|New York Times]] |accessdate=6 January 2014 }}</ref><ref name="NWS-20140101">{{cite news |author=Staff |title=Michael Moore: 'Awful' Obamacare is Liberals' 'Dirty Little Secret' |url=http://www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/michael-moore-obamacare/2014/01/01/id/544699 |date=1 January 2014 |work=[[w:Newsmax Media|Newsmax Media]] |accessdate=6 January 2014 }}</ref><ref name="TNR-20140105">{{cite news|author=Noam Schieber|title=How Obamacare Actually Paves the Way Toward Single Payer|url=http://www.newrepublic.com/article/116105/obamacare-will-lead-single-payer-michael-moore|date=5 January 2014 |work=[[w:The New Republic|The New Republic]]|accessdate=7 January 2014}}</ref>

=== 2016 ===
[[File:Breathe-face-smile.svg|thumb|110px|right|'''''"The next wave of fascists will not come with [[w:Stock car (rail)|cattle cars]] and [[w:Internment|concentration camps]], but they'll come with a [[w:Smiley|smiley face]] and maybe a [[w:Television show|TV show]]."''''' – MMoore [refers to book, [[w:Friendly Fascism (book)|Friendly Fascism]]]<ref name="HP-20161114">{{cite news |last=Jacobs |first=Matthew |authorlink=w:Matthew Jacobs |title=Michael Moore: Fascists Now Come With ‘A Smiley Face And Maybe A TV Show’ |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/michael-moore-donald-trump_us_5829c5bce4b02d21bbc97cab |date=November 14, 2016 |work=[[w:HuffPost|HuffPost]] |accessdate=October 20, 2018 }}</ref>]]
* [[Donald Trump|Donald J. Trump]] is going to win in November. This wretched, ignorant, dangerous part-time clown and full time sociopath is going to be our next president. President Trump. Go ahead and say the words, 'cause you'll be saying them for the next four years: "PRESIDENT TRUMP."
** "[http://michaelmoore.com/trumpwillwin/ 5 Reasons Trump Will Win]", ''MichaelMoore.com'' (July 21, 2016)

* Yes, on November 8, you Joe Blow, Steve Blow, Bob Blow, Billy Blow, all the Blows get to go and blow up the whole goddamn system because it's your right. Trump's election is going to be the biggest "fuck you" ever recorded in human history and it will feel ''good'' — for a day. Maybe a week. Possibly a month. And then, like the Brits, who wanted to send a message, so they voted to leave Europe, only to find out that if you vote to leave Europe, you actually have to leave Europe. And now they regret it. All the Ohioans, Pennsylvanians, Michiganders, and Wisconsinites of Middle England, right, they all voted to leave and now they regret it. And over 4 million of them signed a petition to have a do-over, they want another election, but it's not going to happen. Because you used the ballot as an anger management tool. And now you're fucked. And the rest of Europe. They're like, "Bye Felicia!" So when the rightfully angry people of Ohio and Michigan and Pennsylvania and Wisconsin find out after a few months in office that President Trump wasn't going to do a damn thing for them, it will be too late to do anything about it.
** [[w:en:Michael Moore in TrumpLand|''Michael Moore in TrumpLand'']] (October 7, 2016)

*I know a lot of people in Michigan that are planning to vote for Trump and they don't necessarily like him that much, and they don't necessarily agree with him. They're not racist or rednecks, they're actually pretty decent people…
**[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YYZqnc-zY5o ''Michael Moore In Trumpland''], film's premiere (October 18, 2016), [https://torontosun.com/2016/10/25/supporters-see-trump-as-human-molotov-cocktail-michael-moore/wcm/80ac8ac8-6c3d-4b29-bcae-498b25f4f408 “Supporters see Trump as ‘human Molotov cocktail’: Michael Moore],” ''Toronto Sun'', (Oct. 25, 2016)

* “The next wave of fascists will not come with [[w:Stock car (rail)|cattle cars]] and [[w:Internment|concentration camps]], but they'll come with a [[w:Smiley|smiley face]] and maybe a [[w:Television show|TV show]] ... That’s how the 21st-century fascists will essentially take over.”
** "[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/michael-moore-donald-trump_us_5829c5bce4b02d21bbc97cab Michael Moore: Fascists Now Come With ‘A Smiley Face And Maybe A TV Show’]" - stated right after [[w:Donald Trump|Donald Trump]] was elected [[w:President of the United States|President of the United States]], and inspired by the 1980 book, ''[[w:Friendly Fascism (book)|Friendly Fasicism]]'' (November 14, 2016)

== Quotes about Moore ==
:Alphabetized by author 

* Michael Moore is a screwed asshole, that is what I think about that case. He stole my title and changed the numbers without ever asking me for permission.
** [[Ray Bradbury]], commenting on Moore's allusions to his famous book title, ''[[Fahrenheit 451]]'' in his title for ''Fahrenheit 9/11'', as reported in [http://www.scifi.com/sfw/issue372/news.html ''World Net Daily News'' (7 June 2004)]

* It's a free country, so he's free to say whatever he wants, but I don't appreciate it. I don't like it.
** [[George H. W. Bush]] [http://www.nydailynews.com/front/story/198719p-171525c.html New York ''Daily News'' (31 May 2004)]

* To have to answer anything about what that slimeball says is just too much.
** [[George H. W. Bush]] New York ''Daily News'' (31 May 2004)

* John Kerry had intense supporters of his own. Hollywood filmmaker Michael Moore came out with a so-called documentary that was nothing more than campaign propaganda. In return, Kerry said that Hollywood entertainers conveyed "the heart and soul of our country."
** George W. Bush, ''Decision Points'' (2010), p. 290

* I find it difficult to forgive George W. Bush a lot of things — mostly having to do with not telling the truth about important public matters, and then pretending it was no big deal that he had misled — and, come to think of it, that's pretty much my problem with Michael Moore, too … although one is a clown who makes movies and the other is, well, President of the United States. … we live in the age of the false dichotomy, an old propaganda trap (and logical fallacy) that says, for example: If you're not for the President's way of fighting terrorism (even if you'd like him to provide more information about what, exactly, that is), you are automatically assumed to be on the side of the terrorists; or, if you find fault with Michael Moore's methods, you must be on Bush's side. Of course, neither of these propositions is necessarily true. … You know how far the level of political discourse in American has fallen when people are asked to take the word of [[w:Dick Morris|Dick Morris]] or Michael Moore at face value. So don't. And don't take my word for it. Do your own research.
** Jim Emerson in a review of ''Fahrenhype 9/11'' [http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20040802/EDITOR/41028002 ''FahrenHYPE 9/11'': Morris vs. Moore" at ''Chicago Sun Times'' (28 October 2004)]

* Post-war filmmakers gave us the documentary, Rob Reiner gave us the mockumentary and Moore initiated a third genre, the crockumentary.
** [[Jean-Luc Godard]] speaking at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival

* Europeans think Americans are fat, vulgar, greedy, stupid, ambitious and ignorant and so on. And they've taken as their own, as their representative American, someone who actually embodies all of those qualities.
** [[Christopher Hitchens]] on [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5013506 ''Scarborough Country'' MSNBC (18 May 2004)]

* You know, the problem I have with Michael Moore is the problem I have with a lot of people who are fanatical and push really hard on things, which is not willing to say the other side is wrong. They have to be evil. And what I'm looking for is him to just say, maybe people are making mistakes. But it's always this conspiracy thing. There's always a conspiracy out to get him and a bunch of people doing things that are evil and psychotic and not simply wrong. And he's so cynical. He's so incredibly cynical.
** [[Penn Jillette]], on [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5013506 ''Scarborough Country'' MSNBC (18 May 2004)]

* It was so sweet backstage, you should have seen it — The Teamsters were helping Michael Moore into the trunk of his limo.
**[[Steve Martin]], after Moore's speech at the [[w:75th Academy Awards|75th Academy Awards]].

* ''[[w:SiCKO|Sicko]]'', which takes on America's profoundly profitable and catastrophically inefficient health care system, is Moore's most assured, least antagonistic and potentially most important film. Anecdotal in nature, ''Sicko'' shows what's wrong with our health care system by comparing it with those in Canada, England and France, where universal health care is as ingrained in the social fabric as their national anthems. Asked what would have happened in England if [[Margaret Thatcher]] or [[Tony Blair]] had tried to dismantle the National Health Service, an elderly British statesman answers without pause, "There would have been a revolution."
** [http://www.michaelmoore.com/sicko/news/article.php?id=9909 "'Sicko' is boffo" by Jack Mathews / in ''New York Daily News'' (19 June 2007)]

* Moore attempts to ignite an essential democratic impulse among American citizens. He assumes the role of a provocateur who raises the consciousness of his audiences and offers a polemical voice to the power elite. Whereas Moore's advocates recognize his output as an admirable practical realization of the free speech principle, his adversaries often perceive him as a menace to democratic procedures. Considering the nationwide dispute and the popularity of his movies around the world, the director should be acknowledged as a significant phenomenon on the American political scene at the dawn of the twenty-first century.
** Anna Misiak in [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0412/is_3_33/ai_n15944882 "Not a stupid white man: the democratic context of Michael Moore's documentaries" in the ''Journal of Popular Film and Television'' (Fall 2005)]

* When Michael Moore makes a movie these days, all hell seems to break loose. It gets to a point where whatever message he's trying to communicate is drowned out by all the media attention, knee-jerk reactionaries, and general resentment.
** [http://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/read.php?ID=28751 Brian Orndorf] (June 2007)

* Have you seen ''Fahrenheit 9/11''? Watch it. Theres an interesting scene where Bush thinks and waits seven minutes before acting against 9/11. Don't pay attention to the fact it's biased or "propaganda", just see what's going on in the documentary and notice a man like Moore from a place like Flint has been researching and is trying to open our eyes.
** [[Lou Reed]] interview on Belgian Cable Ketnet giving his views on Bush

* Moore is making a fortune out of his anti-Americanism. And I don't blame the guy for making a buck, but he's not serious.
** [[w:John Rhys-Davies|John Rhys-Davies]] on [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5013506 ''Scarborough Country'' MSNBC (18 May 2004)]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{wikipedia}}
{{Wikisource author}}
* [http://www.michaelmoore.com/ Michael Moore's Official site]
* [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0601619/ Michael Moore at IMDb]
* [http://youtube.com/mmflint Michael Moore] on [http://www.youtube.com/ YouTube]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2879857.stm BBC on Moore's Oscar Speech]

'''Fahrenheit 9/11 Controversies:'''

* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0361596/ Fahrenheit 9/11 at IMDb]
* [http://www.fahrenheit911.com/ Fahrenheit 9/11 Trailer]
* [http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16912 Gagging Michael Moore]
* [http://www.cnn.com/2004/SHOWBIZ/Movies/05/05/moore.disney/ CNN on 9/11 Controversy]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3772363.stm BBC on 9/11]

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George Soros

2020-10-19T15:43:04Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880560 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:George Soros - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting Davos 2010.jpg|thumb|I'm not doing my [[philanthropic]] [[work]], out of any kind of [[guilt]], or any [[need]] to create good public relations. I'm doing it because I can afford to do it, and I [[believe]] in it.]]
[[File:George Soros, 2002.jpg|thumb|Equilibrium itself has rarely been observed in real [[life]] — market prices have a notorious [[habit]] of fluctuating.]]
'''[[w:George Soros|George Soros]]''' (born '''György Schwartz''' on [[12 August]] [[1930]]) is a Hungarian-born American [[businessman]], philanthropist, and political activist. He is currently the chairman of [[w:Soros Fund Management|Soros Fund Management]] and the [[w:Open Society Foundations|Open Society Foundations]].

== Quotes ==
[[File:Soros talk in Malaysia.jpg|thumb|[[Crime]] requires police [[work]], not [[military]] action.]]
[[File:NYSESecurity.JPG|thumb|Our [[success]] depends greatly on our dominant position at the center of the global [[capitalist]] [[system]], and we are not willing to yield it.]]

* '''[[Economic theory]] is devoted to the study of equilibrium positions.''' The concept of [[equilibrium]] is very useful. It allows us to focus on the final outcome rather than the process that leads up to it. But the concept is also very deceptive. It has the aura of something empirical: since the adjustment process is supposed to lead to an equilibrium, an equilibrium position seems somehow implicit in our observations. That is not true. '''Equilibrium itself has rarely been observed in real life — market prices have a notorious habit of fluctuating.'''
** ''The Alchemy of Finance: Reading the Mind of the Market'' (1987)

* The bureaucratic method of building an integrated Europe has exhausted its potential.
** "Can Europe Work? A Plan to Rescue the Union" in ''Foreign Affairs'' (September/October 1996)

[[File:RegenbogenDSCN0352.JPG|thumb|Markets are constantly in a state of uncertainty and flux and [[money]] is made by discounting the [[obvious]] and betting on the unexpected.]]
* '''How can we escape from the trap that the terrorists have set us? Only by recognizing that the war on terrorism cannot be won by waging war. We must, of course, protect our security; but we must also correct the grievances on which terrorism feeds. Crime requires police work, not military action.'''
** Address at the University of Pennsylvania (2002); quoted in [http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=35893 "White House playing into Soros' hands?" by J. Michael Waller, in ''WorldNetDaily'' (1 December 2003)]

[[File:Msc2011 dett soros 0134.jpg|thumb|[[Good]] [[investing]] is [[boring]].]]
* The supremacist ideology of the Bush Administration stands in opposition to the principles of an [[w:open society|open society]], which recognize that people have different views and that nobody is in possession of the ultimate truth. The supremacist ideology postulates that just because we are stronger than others, we know better and have right on our side. The very first sentence of the September 2002 National Security Strategy (the President's annual laying out to Congress of the country's security objectives) reads, "The great struggles of the twentieth century between liberty and totalitarianism ended with a decisive victory for the forces of freedom and a single sustainable model for national success: freedom, democracy, and free enterprise." The assumptions behind this statement are false on two counts. '''First, there is no single sustainable model for national success. Second, the American model, which has indeed been successful, is not available to others, because our success depends greatly on our dominant position at the center of the global capitalist system, and we are not willing to yield it.'''
** [http://www.globalpolicy.org/empire/analysis/2003/12supremacy.htm "The Bubble of American Supremacy" in ''The Atlantic Monthly'' (December 2003), p. 63 - 66]

[[File:Eye.jpg|thumb|The main difference between me and other [[people]] who have amassed this kind of [[money]] is that I am primarily interested in [[ideas]], and I don't have much personal use for money.]]
* Americans, sadly, are now victims who have turned into perpetrators. Indeed, since September 2001, the war on terror has claimed more innocent victims than those terrorist attacks. This fact is unrecognized at home because the victims of the war on terror are not Americans. But the rest of the world does not draw the same distinction, and world opinion has turned against America.
** [http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/soros26 "How Terrorism's Victims Became Perpetrators" (April 2004)]

* '''Markets are constantly in a state of uncertainty and flux and money is made by discounting the obvious and betting on the unexpected.'''
** As quoted in [http://www.teenanalyst.com/general/topmoneyminds.html "Great Money Minds" by Chris Stallman at TeenAnalyst.com (5 May 2005)]

* '''If investing is entertaining, if you're having fun, you're probably not making any money. Good investing is boring.'''
** As quoted in ''The Winning Investment Habits of Warren Buffett & George Soros'' (2006) by Mark Tier, p. 217

* '''The main difference between me and other people who have amassed this kind of money is that I am primarily interested in ideas, and I don't have much personal use for money.''' But I hate to think what would have happened if I hadn't made money: My ideas would not have gotten much play.
** As quoted in ''The Winning Investment Habits of Warren Buffett & George Soros'' (2006) by Mark Tier, p. 219

* '''I wish I could write a book that will be read for as long as our civilization lasts...''' I would value it much more highly than any business success if I could contribute to an understanding of the world in which we live or, better yet, if I could help to preserve the economic and political system that has allowed me to flourish as a participant.
** As quoted in ''The Winning Investment Habits of Warren Buffett & George Soros'' (2006) by Mark Tier, p. 219

* Esperanto was a very useful language, because wherever you went, you found someone to speak with.
** [http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/12/16/how-do-you-say-billionaire-in-esperanto/ "How Do You Say ‘Billionaire’ in Esperanto?" in ''The New York Times'' (December 16, 2010)]

* So the euro is here to stay, and the arrangements that evolved in response to the crisis have become established as the new order governing the eurozone. This confirms my worst fears. It’s the nightmare I’ve been talking about. I’m hopeful that the Russian invasion of Crimea may serve as a wake-up call. Germany is the only country in a position to change the prevailing order.
** [http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2014/apr/24/future-europe-interview-george-soros/ nybooks.com]

* Companies earn their profits by exploiting their environment. Mining and oil companies exploit the physical environment; social media companies exploit the social environment. This is particularly nefarious because social media companies influence how people think and behave without them even being aware of it.
** [https://www.georgesoros.com/2018/01/25/remarks-delivered-at-the-world-economic-forum/ Remarks delivered at the World Economic Forum] (25 January 2018)

=== ''The Alchemy of Finance: Reading the mind of the Market'' (1987) ===
* '''The truth is, successful investing is a kind of alchemy.'''

* '''I made two major discoveries in the course of writing: one is a reflexive connection between credit and collateral; the other is a reflexive relationship between regulators and the economies they regulate'''

* '''The act of lending can change the value of the collateral'''

=== ''Soros on Soros'' (1995) ===
:''Soros on Soros : Staying Ahead of the Curve'' (1995) {{ISBN|0471119776}} 
[[File:Light dispersion conceptual.gif|thumb|Most of the time we are [[punished]] if we go against the trend. Only at an inflection point are we rewarded.]]

* '''My peculiarity is that I don't have a particular style of investing or, more exactly, I try to change my style to fit the conditions.'''

* '''On the abstract level, I have turned the belief in my own fallibility into the cornerstone of an elaborate philosophy.''' On a personal level, I am a very critical person who looks for defects in myself as well as in others. But, being so critical, I am also quite forgiving. I couldn't recognize my mistakes if I couldn't forgive myself. To others, being wrong is a source of shame; to me, recognizing my mistakes is a source of pride. '''Once we realize that imperfect understanding is the human condition, there is no shame in being wrong, only in failing to correct our mistakes.'''

* '''The prevailing wisdom is that markets are always right. I take the opposition position. I assume that markets are always wrong. Even if my assumption is occasionally wrong, I use it as a working hypothesis.''' It does not follow that one should always go against the prevailing trend. On the contrary, most of the time the trend prevails; only occasionally are the errors corrected. It is only on those occasions that one should go against the trend. This line of reasoning leads me to look for the flaw in every investment thesis. ... I am ahead of the curve. I watch out for telltale signs that a trend may be exhausted. Then I disengage from the herd and look for a different investment thesis. Or, if I think the trend has been carried to excess, I may probe going against it. '''Most of the time we are punished if we go against the trend. Only at an inflection point are we rewarded.'''

=== ''The Crisis of Global Capitalism'' (1998) ===
:''The Crisis of Global Capitalism: Open Society Endangered'' (1998) {{ISBN|1891620274}} 
[[File:United Nations "Fight For Freedom" poster.jpg|thumb|A global [[society]] does not mean a global state. To abolish the existence of states is neither feasible nor desirable; but insofar as there are collective interests that transcend state boundaries, the [[sovereignty]] of states must be subordinated to [[international law]] and international institutions.]]

* '''We live in a [[global economy]], but the political organization of our global society is woefully inadequate.''' We are bereft of the capacity to preserve peace and to counteract the excesses of the financial markets. Without these controls, the global economy, is liable to break down

* '''The development of a [[global economy]] has not been matched by the development of a global society.''' The basic unit for political and social life remains the nation-state. International law and international institutions, insofar as they exist, are not strong enough to prevent war or the large-scale abuse of human rights in individual countries. Ecological threats are not adequately dealt with. Global financial markets are largely beyond the control of national or international authorities.

* Financial markets are supposed to swing like a pendulum: They may fluctuate wildly in response to exogenous shocks, but eventually they are supposed to come to rest at an equilibrium point and that point is supposed to be the same irrespective of the interim fluctuations. Instead, as I told Congress, financial markets behaved more like a wrecking ball, swinging from country to country and knocking over the weaker ones. It is difficult to escape the conclusion that the international financial system itself constituted the main ingredient in the meltdown process.
** On the [[w:1997 Asian Financial Crisis|1997 Asian Financial Crisis]]

* '''The global crisis is caused by pathologies inherent in the global financial system itself.'''

* It is time to recognize that financial markets are inherently unstable. Imposing market discipline means imposing instability, and how much instability can society take? ... To put it bluntly, the choice confronting us is whether we will regulate global financial markets internationally or leave it to each individual state to protect its interests as best it can. The latter course will surely lead to the breakdown of the gigantic circulatory system, which goes under the name of global capitalism.

* '''A global society does not mean a global state.''' To abolish the existence of states is neither feasible nor desirable; but insofar as there are collective interests that transcend state boundaries, the sovereignty of states must be subordinated to international law and international institutions.

=== Interview with Mark Shapiro (2000)===
:[http://www.simulconference.com/clients/sowf/interviews/interview3.html Interview with Mark Schapiro (5 September 2000)]
[[File:Aachen circle of money.jpg|thumb|Markets don't look after [[social]] [[needs]]. Markets are designed to allow [[individuals]] to look after their private needs and to pursue [[profit]]. It's really a great [[invention]] and I wouldn't under-estimate the [[value]] of that, but they're not designed to take care of social needs.]]
[[File:George Soros - Festival Economia 2012 02.JPG|thumb|As long as people genuinely care for the [[people]] they're trying to [[help]], they can actually do a lot of [[good]].]]

* '''I think there's a lot of merit in an international economy and global markets, but they're not sufficient because markets don't look after social needs. Markets are designed to allow individuals to look after their private needs and to pursue profit. It's really a great invention and I wouldn't under-estimate the value of that, but they're not designed to take care of social needs.'''

* Each state is guided by its interests, not by some nebulous concept of common interest. And not many states are even democratic. So, you have a problem with the concept between international institutions and sovereignty. To my mind, there is a solution which has to do with democracy, because democratic governments are subject to the will of the people. So, if the people will it, you can actually create international institutions through the democratic states.

* I advocate an alliance of democratic states, with a dual purpose. One, to promote what I call open society. I talk about an alliance of open societies which would first foster the development of open societies within individual countries, because there's a lot that needs to be done in that effort. And secondly, to establish basic international law and international institutions that you need for a global, open society. So that's my sort of broad concept. Now, I have not worked out the details, because I don't think it's for me to work out the details. It's for them to work out the details.

* I used to be opposed to the idea of social entrepreneurship. I said, you know, let business be business, and philanthropy be philanthropy. Keep the two separate, don't mix it up, and this is what I did, and I did that rather successfully, but I now recognize that actually you do need to mix it up and I think there is room for social entrepreneurship.

* '''It's more difficult, you know, to bring about positive change than it is to make money.''' It's much easier to make money, because it's a much easier way to measure success — the bottom line. When it comes to social consequences, they've got all different people acting in different ways, very difficult to even have a proper criterion of success. So, it's a difficult task. Why not use an entrepreneurial, rather than a bureaucratic, approach. '''As long as people genuinely care for the people they're trying to help, they can actually do a lot of good.'''

* '''Well, you know, I was a human being before I became a businessman.'''

* I argue that it's appropriate for people to pursue their profit motive in business. If you want to change that, you're going against human nature. But when it comes to setting the rules or creating the institutions, then you should have the general interest at heart, even if it conflicts with your personal interest.

* You know, these things interested me before I became a businessman and I kind of neglected them during twenty, twenty-five years, while I was engaged in making money, because running a hedge fund takes, you know, a hundred percent of your attention on Saturday morning, and so I didn't get involved in these issues very much. It's only when I was rather successful at it and I've made enough money for my personal needs and to look after my family that we established this interest and, by now, it is more important to me than my business.

* '''I did spearhead the introduction of the Internet in countries like Russia, the former Soviet Union, because it is a very open system of communication. I think it has great potential for self-organization and self-organization is very much at the heart of an open society.''' The Internet is sort of a medium of open society. However, it can also be a medium of control and so we have to be careful it doesn't destroy you.

* '''I think you will have to be very, very careful to have the regulations that will protect freedom.'''

=== Interview with David Brancaccio (2003) ===
:[http://www.pbs.org/now/transcript/transcript_soros.html Interview with David Brancaccio (12 September 2003)]
[[File:Anti-dictatures2.svg|thumb|I learned at a very early age that what kind of [[social]] [[system]] or [[political]] system prevails is very important. Not just for your well-being, but for your very [[survival]].]]

* '''The [[Republican Party]] has been captured by a bunch of [[extremists]] … People who maintain that [[markets]] will take care of everything, that you leave it to the markets and the markets know best. Therefore, you need no [[government]], no interference with [[business]].''' Let everybody pursue his own interests. And that will serve the common interest. '''Now, there is a good foundation for this. But it's a half-truth.'''

* '''We [[need]] to maintain [[law]] and [[order]]. We need to maintain [[peace]] in the [[world]]. We need to protect the [[environment]]. We need to have some degree of [[social justice]], [[equality]] of [[opportunity]]. The markets are not designed to take care of those needs. That's a [[political]] process.''' And the market fundamentalists have managed to reduce providing those public goods.

* I give away something up to $500 million a year throughout the world promoting [[w:Open Society|Open Society]]. My foundations support people in the country who care about an open [[society]]. It's their [[work]] that I'm supporting. So it's not me doing it. But I can empower them. I can support them, and I can help them.

* '''I'm not doing my [[philanthropic]] work, out of any kind of guilt, or any need to create good public relations. I'm doing it because I can afford to do it, and I [[believe]] in it.'''

* '''You know, I learned at a very early age that what kind of social system or political system prevails is very important. Not just for your well-being, but for your very [[survival]].''' Because, you know, I could have been killed by the [[Nazis]]. I could have wasted my life under the [[Communists]]. So, that's what led me to this [[idea]] of an open society. And that is the idea that is [[motivating]] me.

* '''The people currently in charge have forgotten the first [[principle]] of an open society, namely that we may be [[wrong]] and that there has to be [[free]] discussion. That it's possible to be opposed to the policies without being unpatriotic.'''

* '''We are the dominant power. And that imposes on us a [[responsibility]] to be actually concerned with the well being of the world.''' Because we set the agenda. And there are a lot of [[problems]], including [[terrorism]] and [[weapons]] of mass destruction, that can only be tackled by collective action. And we ought to be leading that collective action, instead of riding roughshod over other people's opinions and interests.

* If the terrorists have the sympathy of people, it's much harder to find them. So we need people on our side, and that leads us to be responsible leaders of the world, show some concern with the problems.

* '''I think he's a man of good intentions. I don't doubt it. But I think he's leading us in the wrong direction.'''
** On [[George W. Bush]]

* If we re-elect Bush, we are endorsing the Bush doctrine. And then we are off to a vicious circle of escalating [[violence]] in the world. And I think, you know, terrorism, counter-terrorism, it's a very scary spectacle to me. If we reject him, then we are effectively rejecting the Bush doctrine. Because he was elected on a platform of a more humble foreign policy. Then we can go back to a more humble foreign policy. And treat this episode as an aberration. We have to pay a heavy price. You know, 100 billion dollars a year in Iraq. We can't get out of that. We mustn't get out of it. But still, we can then regain the [[confidence]] of the world, and our rightful place as [[leaders]] of the world, working to make the world a better place.

=== ''BuzzFlash'' interview (2004) ===
: [http://www.buzzflash.com/interviews/04/02/int04012.html ''BuzzFlash'' interview (25 February 2004)]
[[File:Bubble brokenchopstick.jpg|thumb|Stock market bubbles don't grow out of thin air. They have a solid basis in [[reality]] — but reality as distorted by a misconception. ... Eventually the gap between reality and its false interpretation becomes unsustainable, and the bubble bursts.]]

* '''Stock market bubbles don't grow out of thin air. They have a solid basis in reality — but reality as distorted by a misconception.''' Under normal conditions misconceptions are self-correcting, and the markets tend toward some kind of equilibrium. Occasionally, a misconception is reinforced by a trend prevailing in reality, and that is when a boom-bust process gets under way. Eventually the gap between reality and its false interpretation becomes unsustainable, and the bubble bursts.

* Now look at the ideology of American supremacy. It has a solid foundation in reality; namely, the United States is the dominant power in the world. The current government believes the United States ought to use this dominant position to impose its will on the world. That is the misconception. This approach is not what made America great. America did not arrive at its dominant position by imposing its will on the world.

* '''My position is that America is great precisely because it is an open society, and an open society recognizes that nobody is the ultimate arbiter — and that we may be wrong at times, even if we are powerful. We must be open to criticism and respect divergent and different views and interests.'''

* I find the idea that you can introduce democracy by military force a very quaint idea. Moreover, if I wanted to choose a testing ground for doing it, Iraq would be the last nation I would choose.

* Most of the poverty and misery in the world is due to bad government, lack of democracy, weak states, internal strife, and so on. We do need to intervene, to improve political and economic conditions inside countries that have bad governments, where people are suffering. One way of doing this, without violating sovereignty, is through constructive actions — reinforcements and incentives for countries that are moving in the right direction, toward an open society, a market economy, et cetera. That is what I'm advocating. I'm advocating preventive action of a constructive nature. And I would use military force only as the very last resort, when nothing else works.

=== Why We Must Not Reelect President Bush (2004) ===
:[http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/soros27 The first U.S. political advertisement by Soros, published in ''The Wall Street Journal'' and 39 regional newspapers (October 2004)]
[[File:Black Hawk flying over Afghan mountains.jpg|thumb|The invasion of [[Afghanistan]] was justified: that was where [[bin Laden]] lived and [[al Qaeda]] had its training camps. The invasion of [[Iraq]] was not similarly justified. It was [[George W. Bush|President Bush]]'s unintended [[gift]] to bin Laden.]]

* This is the most important election of my lifetime. I have never been heavily involved in partisan politics but these are not normal times. President [[George W. Bush|Bush]] is endangering our safety, hurting our vital interests and undermining American values. That is why I am publishing this message. I have been demonized by the Bush campaign but I hope you will give me a hearing.

* '''We face a vicious circle of escalating violence.''' President Bush ran on the platform of a "humble" foreign policy in 2000. If we re-elect him now, we endorse the Bush doctrine of preemptive action and the invasion of Iraq, and we will have to live with the consequences.

* I grew up in Hungary, lived through fascism and the Holocaust, and then had a foretaste of communism. I learned at an early age how important it is what kind of government prevails. I chose America as my home because I value freedom and democracy, civil liberties and an open society. When I had made more money than I needed for myself and my family, I set up a foundation to promote the values and principles of a free and open society.

* '''A full and fair discussion is essential to democracy.'''

* We are losing the values that have made America great. The destruction of the twin towers of the World Trade Center was such a horrendous event that it required a strong response. But the President committed a fundamental error in thinking: the fact that the terrorists are manifestly evil does not make whatever counter-actions we take automatically good. What we do to combat terrorism may also be wrong. Recognizing that we may be wrong is the foundation of an open society.

* President Bush inadvertently played right into the hands of bin Laden. '''The invasion of Afghanistan was justified: that was where [[Osama bin Laden|bin Laden]] lived and al Qaeda had its training camps. The invasion of Iraq was not similarly justified. It was President Bush's unintended gift to bin Laden.'''

* '''War and occupation create innocent victims.''' We count the body bags of American soldiers; there have been more than 1000 in Iraq. The rest of the world also looks at the Iraqis who get killed daily. There have been 15 times more. Some were trying to kill our soldiers; far too many were totally innocent, including many women and children. '''Every innocent death helps the terrorists' cause by stirring anger against America and bringing them potential recruits.'''

=== Speech at the National Press Club (2004) ===
:Speech at the National Press Club (28 October 2004) 
[[File:National Park Service 9-11 Statue of Liberty and WTC fire.jpg|thumb|We are the most [[powerful]] [[nation]] on [[earth]]. No external power, no [[terrorist]] organization, can [[defeat]] us.]]
[[File:US 1stCavDiv Fallujah, Nov 12, 2004.jpg|thumb|President Bush has boasted that we do not need a permission slip from the international community, but our disregard for [[international law]] has endangered our [[security]]...]]
[[File:Constitution & Liberty Enlightening the World.jpg|thumb|An open [[society]] is always in [[danger]]. It must constantly reaffirm its [[principles]] in order to [[survive]].]]

* I have been crisscrossing the country for the last three weeks arguing against the reelection of President [[George W. Bush|Bush]]. I feel strongly that he has led us in the wrong direction. The invasion of Iraq was a colossal blunder and only by rejecting the President at the polls can we hope to escape from the quagmire in which we find ourselves.

* The nation is deeply divided and the two camps seem to be talking past each other. [[John Kerry]] won all three debates but President Bush invokes his faith and that inspires his followers. In the end, it boils down to a philosophical difference over how to deal with an often confusing and threatening reality.

* '''An open society such as ours is based on the recognition that our understanding of reality is inherently imperfect. Nobody is in possession of the ultimate truth. As the philosopher [[Karl Popper]] has shown, the ultimate truth is not attainable even in science. All theories are subject to testing and the process of replacing old theories with better ones never ends.'''

* '''Faith plays an important role in an open society. Exactly because our understanding is imperfect, we cannot base our decisions on knowledge alone. We need to rely on beliefs, religious or otherwise, to help us make decisions. But we must remain open to the possibility that we may be wrong so that we can correct our mistakes. Otherwise, we are bound to be wrong.'''

* President Bush has shown that he is incapable of recognizing his mistakes. He insists on making reality conform to his beliefs even at the cost of deceiving himself and deliberately deceiving the public. There is something appealing in the strength of his faith, especially in our troubled time. But the cost is too high. By putting our faith in a President who cannot admit his mistakes we commit ourselves to the wrong policies.

* '''We are the most powerful nation on earth. No external power, no terrorist organization, can defeat us. But we can defeat ourselves by getting caught in a quagmire.'''

* If we reelect President Bush we are endorsing his policies and we shall have to live with the consequences. We are facing a vicious circle of escalating violence with no end in sight. If we reject him at the polls we shall have a better chance to regain the respect and support of the world and break the vicious circle. Our future depends on it.

* '''I have devoted half my fortune and most of my energies in the last 15 years to promoting the values of democracy and open society all over the world, especially in the former Soviet Empire. After [[September 11, 2001 attacks|9/11]] I came to feel that those principles need to be defended at home.'''

* '''The invasion of Afghanistan was justified: that was where [[Osama bin Laden]] lived and al Qaeda had its training camps. The invasion of Iraq was not similarly justified.'''

* '''The war in Iraq was misconceived from start to finish — if it has a finish.''' It is a war of choice, not of necessity, as President Bush claims. It goes without saying that Saddam was a tyrant, and it is good to be rid of him. But in invading Iraq as we did, without a second UN resolution, we violated international law. By mistreating and even torturing prisoners, we violated the Geneva conventions. President Bush has boasted that we do not need a permission slip from the international community, but our disregard for international law has endangered our security, particularly the security of our troops.

* The war on terror is an abstraction. But the terrorists are real people and they are not all alike. Most of the people attacking our soldiers in Iraq originally had nothing to do with al Qaeda. They have been generated by the policies of the Bush administration. We have been spared a terrorist attack at home but it is quite a stretch to attribute that to the invasion of Iraq. The insurrection in Iraq, however, is a somber reality and it doesn't make us safer at home. Our security, far from improving as President Bush claims, is deteriorating.

* Bush's war in Iraq has done untold damage to the United States. It has impaired our military power and undermined the morale of our armed forces. Our troops were trained to project overwhelming power. They were not trained for occupation duties.

* '''Before the invasion of Iraq, we could project overwhelming power in any part of the world. We cannot do so any more because we are bogged down in Iraq.''' Iran and North Korea are moving ahead with their nuclear programs at full speed and our hand in dealing with them has been greatly weakened.

* The war on terror as defined by President Bush is a one-dimensional presentation of reality. We cannot fight terrorism by military means alone. We can use military force only when we have a known target; but it is the habit of terrorists to keep their whereabouts hidden. To track them down we need the support of the populations amongst whom they hide. Offense is not necessarily the best defense if it offends those whose allegiance we need.

* George W. Bush revels in being a war president. His campaign is shamelessly exploiting the fears generated by 9/11. Vice President Cheney is conjuring mushroom clouds into our cities. But fear is a bad counselor; we must resist it wherever it comes from. President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] had the right idea when he said, "We have nothing to fear but Fear itself."

* '''An open society is always in danger. It must constantly reaffirm its principles in order to survive.''' We are being sorely tested, first by 9/11 and then by President Bush's response. To pass the test we must face reality instead of finding solace in false certainties. This election transcends party loyalties. Our future as an open society depends on resisting the Siren's song.

=== ''The Age of Fallibility'' (2006) ===
[[File:USA123.jpg|thumb| There is no other [[country]] that can take the place of the [[United States]] in the foreseeable [[future]]. If the United States fails to provide the right kind of [[leadership]] our [[civilization]] may destroy itself. That is the unpleasant [[reality]] that confronts us.]]
:''The Age of Fallibility: The Consequences of the War on Terror'' (2006) {{ISBN|1586483595}} 

* '''The main obstacle to a stable and just world order is the United States. This is a harsh — indeed, for me, painful — thing to say, but unfortunately I am convinced it is true.''' The United States continues to set the agenda for the world in spite of its loss of influence since 9/11, and the [[George W. Bush|Bush]] administration is setting the wrong agenda . '''The Bush agenda is nationalistic: it emphasizes the use of force and ignores global problems whose solution requires international cooperation.''' The rest of the world dances to the tune the United States is playing, and if that continues too long we are in danger of destroying our civilization. Changing the attitude and policies of the United States remains my top priority.
** Prologue, p. xvi

* '''We must recognize that as the dominant power in the world we have a special responsibility. In addition to protecting our national interests, we must take the leadership in protecting the common interests of humanity.''' I go into some detail as to what that entails. Mankind’s power over nature has increased cumulatively while its ability to govern itself has not kept pace. '''There is no other country that can take the place of the United States in the foreseeable future. If the United States fails to provide the right kind of leadership our civilization may destroy itself. That is the unpleasant reality that confronts us.'''
** Introduction, p. xxv

=== On Israel, America and AIPAC (2007) ===
[[File:George Soros - Festival Economia 2012 01.JPG|thumb|I am not a [[Zionist]], nor am I am a practicing [[Jew]], but I have a great deal of sympathy for my fellow Jews and a deep concern for the survival of [[Israel]].]]
:[http://www.nybooks.com/articles/20030 Article in ''The New York Review of Books'' (12 April 2007)]
[[File:Boy and soldier in front of Israeli wall.jpg|thumb|The [[Palestine]] [[problem]] does not have a purely [[military]] [[solution]]. Military superiority is necessary for [[Israel]]'s national security, but it is not sufficient.]]

* '''I am not a [[Zionist]], nor am I am a practicing [[Jew]], but I have a great deal of sympathy for my fellow Jews and a deep concern for the survival of [[Israel]].'''

* The Bush administration is once again in the process of committing a major policy blunder in the Middle East ... Hamas won the elections in an upset victory. Then came the blunder I am talking about. Israel, with the strong backing of the United States, refused to recognize the democratically elected [[w:Palestinian government of March 2006|Hamas government]].

* '''The Palestine problem does not have a purely military solution. Military superiority is necessary for Israel's national security, but it is not sufficient.''' The solution has to be political, as President [[Bill Clinton|Clinton]] recognized.

* The pro-Israel lobby has been remarkably successful in suppressing criticism. Politicians challenge it at their peril because of the lobby's ability to influence political contributions. ... Following his criticism of repressive Israeli policy on the West Bank, former president [[Jimmy Carter]] has suffered the loss of some of the financial backers of his center.

* One of the myths propagated by the enemies of Israel is that there is an all-powerful Zionist conspiracy. That is a false accusation. Nevertheless, that [[w:American Israel Public Affairs Committee|AIPAC]] has been so successful in suppressing criticism has lent some credence to such false beliefs. Demolishing the wall of silence that has protected AIPAC would help lay them to rest. A debate within the Jewish community, instead of fomenting anti-Semitism, would only help diminish it. '''Anticipating attacks, I should like to emphasize that I do not subscribe to the myths propagated by enemies of Israel and I am not blaming Jews for anti-Semitism. Anti-Semitism predates the birth of Israel. Neither Israel's policies nor the critics of those policies should be held responsible for anti-Semitism.''' At the same time, I do believe that attitudes toward Israel are influenced by Israel's policies, and attitudes toward the Jewish community are influenced by the pro-Israel lobby's success in suppressing divergent views.

=== On BREXIT (2018) ===
* ‘The EU needs to transform itself into an association that countries like Britain would want to join, in order to strengthen the political case,’ Mr Soros said he was convinced it was the ideal time for the EU to reform itself and prepare the ground for the UK staying inside the bloc.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-latest-second-referendum-vote-george-soros-best-for-britain-gina-miller-a8375071.html</ref>

=== On China (2019)===
:[https://www.georgesoros.com/2019/01/24/remarks-delivered-at-the-world-economic-forum-2/ Speech at World Economic Forum (24 January 2019)]
* China isn’t the only authoritarian regime in the world, but it’s undoubtedly the wealthiest, strongest and most developed in machine learning and artificial intelligence. This makes [[Xi Jinping]] the most dangerous opponent of those who believe in the concept of open society.

{{Misattributed begin}}
== Misattributed ==
* We have a booming [[global economy]] but we don't have a global society. Markets reduce everything, including human beings and nature, to commodities. Societies need more than this to prosper — such goals as political freedom and social justice.
** [[w:Marshall Fishwick|Marshall William Fishwick]] in ''Popular Culture: Cavespace to Cyberspace'' (1999)
{{Misattributed end}}

== Quotes about Soros==
[[File:Libertatis Aequilibritas GFDL.png|thumb|I've learned many things from him, but perhaps the most significant is that it's not whether you're right or wrong, but how much money you make when you're right and how much you lose when you're wrong. ~ [[w:Stanley Druckenmiller|Stanley Druckenmiller]] ]]
[[File:George Soros Billington.jpg|thumb|He is someone who genuinely cares about the state of the [[human]] condition and tries to better it. His myriad and monumental [[philanthropical]] efforts will qualify him as one of [[history]]'s great benefactors. ... He is a hands-on [[workaholic]] who materially impacts the [[quality]] of [[lives]] of people less fortunate than he. Now this, this is a [[sign]] of [[greatness]]. ~ [[w:Paul Tudor Jones|Paul Tudor Jones II]] ]]
[[File:George Soros and Andrew Baron.jpg|thumb|We [[now]] have the spectacle of one of the [[world]]'s most active and influential anti-communists (not to mention one of its most successful [[capitalists]]) being tarred as a particularly [[dangerous]] [[friend]] of [[Karl Marx|Marx]] and [[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]]. ~ [[w:Matt Welch|Matt Welch]] ]]

*Soros claims to be a “force for good” as the cliché goes, but is it completely credible that his $32 billion foundation does not operate behind the scenes to influence developments in ways that are certainly not democratic? Indeed, Soros accumulated his vast fortune through vulture capitalism. He made over $1 billion in 1992 by selling short $10 billion in British pounds sterling, leading to the media dubbing him “the man who broke the bank of England.” He has been accused of similar currency manipulation in both Europe and Asia. In 1999, New York Times economist Paul Krugman wrote of him that “Nobody who has read a business magazine in the last few years can be unaware that these days there really are investors who not only move money in anticipation of a currency crisis, but actually do their best to trigger that crisis for fun and profit.” Far from a passive bystander giving helpful advice to democracy groups, Soros was heavily involved with the restructuring of former communist regimes in eastern Europe and had a hand in the so-called Rose Revolution in Georgia in 2003 and the Maidan Revolution in Ukraine in 2014, both of which were supported by the U.S. government and were intended to threaten Russia’s regional security.
**[[Philip Giraldi|Philip Giraldi]], in [https://www.strategic-culture.org/news/2020/07/02/some-conspiracy-theories-are-for-real/?fbclid=IwAR2nEFGC8k1nqm5wroq6AxMJguK7OsT0We42jWFiD4bVSL23J5O5Su0KmZU Some Conspiracy Theories Are for Real, ''Strategic Culture''] (July 2, 2020)

*Soros particularly hates President [[Vladimir Putin]] and [[Russia]]. He revealed that he is far from a benevolent figure fighting for justice in his March Financial Times op-ed (behind a pay wall) entitled “Europe Must Stand With Turkey Over Putin’s War Crimes in Syria.” The op-ed is full of errors of fact and is basically a call for aggression against a Russia that he describes as engaged in bombing schools and hospitals. It starts with, “Since the beginning of its intervention in Syria in September 2015, Russia has not only sought to keep in place its most faithful Arab ally, [[Bashar al-Assad|Syrian President Bashar al-Assad]]. It has also wanted to regain the regional and global influence that it lost since the fall of the Soviet Union.” First of all, Russia did not “intervene” in Syria. It was invited there by the country’s legitimate government to provide assistance against various groups, some of which were linked to al Qaeda and the Islamic State, that were seeking to overthrow President al-Assad.
**[[Philip Giraldi|Philip Giraldi]], in [https://www.strategic-culture.org/news/2020/07/02/some-conspiracy-theories-are-for-real/?fbclid=IwAR2nEFGC8k1nqm5wroq6AxMJguK7OsT0We42jWFiD4bVSL23J5O5Su0KmZU Some Conspiracy Theories Are for Real, ''Strategic Culture''] (July 2, 2020)

* '''I've learned many things from him, but perhaps the most significant is that it's not whether you're right or wrong, but how much money you make when you're right and how much you lose when you're wrong.'''
** [[w:Stanley Druckenmiller|Stanley Druckenmiller]] as quoted in ''The New Market Wizards : Conversations with America's Top Traders'' (1994) by Jack D. Schwager, p. 207; part of this statement has sometimes been attributed directly to Soros: '''It's not whether you're right or wrong, but how much money you make when you're right and how much you lose when you're wrong.''' (as quoted in ''500 of the Most Witty, Acerbic and Erudite Things Ever Said about Money'' (2002) edited by Philip Jenks)

* '''Four hundred seventy-three million to one. Those are the odds against George Soros compiling the investment record he did as manager of the Quantum Fund from 1968 through 1993.''' His investment record is the most unimpeachable refutation of the random walk hypothesis ever! ... History will probably remember Mr. Soros as the speculator who tilted against the Bank of England in 1992 (and freed the English people from recession). '''His billion dollar score is simply too compelling a story to overlook.''' Mr. Soros himself would probably like to be remembered as a great economist or even scientist. But I am going to remember him for something even more important, for which he does not receive the credit he deserves. '''He is someone who genuinely cares about the state of the human condition and tries to better it. His myriad and monumental philanthropical efforts will qualify him as one of history's great benefactors. ... He is a hands-on workaholic who materially impacts the quality of lives of people less fortunate than he. Now this, this is a sign of greatness.'''
** [[w:Paul Tudor Jones|Paul Tudor Jones II]] in his foreword to ''The Alchemy of Finance: Reading the Mind of the Market'' (1994 edition).

* All these countries [in East Asia] have spent 40 years trying to build up their economies and a moron like Soros comes along with a lot of money to speculate and ruin things.
** [[w:Mahathir bin Mohamad|Mahathir bin Mohamad]], [[w:Prime Minister of Malaysia|Prime Minister of Malaysia]], quoted in Baily, N. M., D. Farrell and S. Lund (2000), ''The Color of Hot Money'', Foreign Affairs, 79(2), 99–109.

* I discovered [[Karl Popper]] via [a] trader, perhaps the only one I have ever truly respected. ...I disagreed with his statements when it came to economics and philosophy... [H]is first book, ''The Alchemy of Finance''... does not show much grasp of the concepts. ...One cannot infer much from a single experiment in a random environment... [H]e writes that the category... "economists" believe that things converge to equilibrium... There are plenty of economic theories that believe that departure from a price level can cause further divergence and cause cascading feedback loops. ...say, game theory (...[[John Harsanyi|Harsanyi]] and [[John Forbes Nash Jr.|Nash]]) or information economics (...[[Joseph Stiglitz|Stiglitz]], [[George Akerlof|Akerhof]], and [[w:Michael Spence|Spence]]).
** [[Nassim Nicholas Taleb]], ''Fooled by Randomness: The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Markets'' (2001) Seven: The Problem of Induction | Sir Karl's Promoting Agent

* [A]lthough Soros did not deliver anything meaningful in his writings, he knew how to handle randomness, by keeping a critical open mind open and changing his opinion with minimal shame ...calling himself fallible ...while others had loftier ideas about themselves. He understood [[Karl Popper|Popper]]. Do not judge him by his writings. He lived a Popperian life.
** [[Nassim Nicholas Taleb]], ''Fooled by Randomness: The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Markets'' (2001) Seven: The Problem of Induction | Sir Karl's Promoting Agent

* Aside from very few exceptions like George Soros, I am not impressed by people with money... Becoming rich is not directly a moral achievement.
** [[Nassim Nicholas Taleb]], ''Fooled by Randomness: The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Markets'' (2001) Eight: Too Many Millionaires | Double Survivorship Biases | ''More Experts''

* '''George Soros has made his mark as an enormously successful speculator, wise enough to largely withdraw when still way ahead of the game.''' The bulk of his enormous winnings is now devoted to encouraging transitional and emerging nations to become "open societies," open not only in the sense of freedom of commerce but — more important — tolerant of new ideas and different modes of thinking and behavior.
** [[w:Paul Volcker|Paul Volcker]] in his foreword to ''The Alchemy of Finance'' (2003 edition)

* '''George Soros has a long and storied track record of being all villains to all people. Nobody that rich, and that meddlesome in international affairs — through his massive, market-influencing hedge-fund bets against national currencies, or via his multi-billion dollar "[[w:Open Society Institute|Open Society]]" philanthropy in 50-plus countries — could avoid being fitted for devil's horns on a daily basis.''' ... Until very recently, you could place most of Soros' fiercest critics in categories marked "paranoid" and "anti-democratic." In 1990s Central Europe, where he and his various organizations were ubiquitous presences (at least in the cosmopolitan capital cities), reaction to Soros was a useful if crude indicator of a politician's basic orientation. ... But now, Slavic autocrats have been joined in red-faced George-bashing by two new overlapping groups: American conservatives, and hawkish friends of Israel. ... '''Thus we now have the spectacle of one of the world's most active and influential anti-communists (not to mention one of its most successful capitalists) being tarred as a particularly dangerous friend of [[Karl Marx|Marx]] and [[Vladimir Lenin|Lenin]].'''
** [[w:Matt Welch|Matt Welch]] in [http://www.reason.com/news/show/33892.html "Open Season on 'Open Society'" in ''Reason'' magazine (8 December 2003)]

* Half the day he engages in the most ruthless financial exploitations, ruining the lives of hundreds of thousands, even millions. The other half [of the day] he just gives part of it back.
** [[Slavoj Žižek]], [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5kUhWCAU2To The Reality of the Virtual]

*Alex told me that for many years, his father had not been eager to advertise his Judaism because “this was something he was almost killed for.” But he had always “identified firstly as a Jew,” and his philanthropy was ultimately an expression of his Jewish identity, in that he felt a solidarity with other minority groups and also because he recognized that a Jew could only truly be safe in a world in which all minorities were protected. Explaining his father’s motives, he said, “The reason you fight for an open society is because that’s the only society that you can live in, as a Jew — unless you become a nationalist and only fight for your own rights in your own state".
**[http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/218559 17 July 2018] Michael Steinberger quoting Alexander Soros about his father George Soros in ''The New York Times''.

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}
{{commonscat}}
* [http://georgesoros.com/ George Soros official site and blog]
* [http://www.soros.org/ Open Society Institute and Soros Foundations Network]
* [http://www.project-syndicate.org/contributors/contributor_comm.php4?id=27 George Soros' Project Syndicate op/eds]
* [http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/time100powergivers/article/0,28804,1616375_1615711_1615683,00.html "''TIME'' 100: Power Givers"]
* [http://www.forbes.com/finance/lists/54/2004/LIR.jhtml?passListId=54&passYear=2004&passListType=Person&uniqueId=L9II&datatype=Person Forbes.com: Forbes 400 Richest in America]
* [http://www.flowtrader.net/articles.php?aid=1089 George Soros Bio]

'''Speeches:'''
* [http://www.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-9809/msg00082.html Testimony of George Soros to the U.S. House Of Representatives (15 September 1998)]
* [http://www.georgesoros.com/speech.html Speech at the National Press Club (28 October 2004)]

'''Writings:'''
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20010117221700/http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/4135.html Johnson's Russia List Issue - Moskovsky Novosti: George Soros, Bitter Thoughts with Faith in Russia]
* [http://lists.essential.org/pipermail/stop-imf/2002q3/000687.html (stop-imf) FT: Soros on Brazil (13 August 2002)]

'''Interviews:'''
* [http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1093/is_2_42/ai_54259871 Challenge: The international financial crisis (March 1999)]
* [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/crash/interviews/soros.html Frontline interview (Spring 1999)]
* [http://www.simulconference.com/clients/sowf/interviews/interview3.html Interview with George Soros (September 2000)]
* [http://web.archive.org/20031006080904/www.geocities.com/ecocorner/intelarea/gs15.html Interview with George Soros, Chairman, Soros Fund Management (5 September 2000)]
* [http://www.pbs.org/wsw/tvprogram/sorosinterview.html ''Wall $treet Week'' PBS (20 September 2002)]
* [http://www.pbs.org/now/transcript/transcript_soros.html NOW with Bill Moyers. Transcript. David Brancaccio interviews]
* [http://www.booknotes.org/Program/?ProgramID=1769 ''Booknotes with Brian Lamb'' - Transcript and streaming video]

'''Other articles:'''
* [http://lists.essential.org/pipermail/stop-imf/2002q3/000687.html (stop-imf) FT: Soros on Brazil (13 August 2002)]
* [http://www.mindfully.org/WTO/2003/George-Soros-Statesman2jun03.htm Analysis of Soros' role in Eastern Europe (2 June & 4 July 2003)]
* [http://www.heise.de/tp/english/inhalt/te/1292/1.html Soros viewed as a post-modern philosopher (1)] - [http://www.heise.de/tp/english/inhalt/te/1292/2.html (2)]
* [http://www.msnbc.com/news/991865.asp?vts=111120030842&cp1=1 "Billionaire Soros Takes On Bush" by Laura Blumenfeld, MSNBC (11 November 2003)]
* [http://www.reason.com/links/links120803.shtml "Open Season on 'Open Society': Why an anti-communist Holocaust survivor is being demonized as a Socialist, Self-hating Jew" by Matt Welch in ''Reason'' magazine (8 December 2003)]
* [http://campus.fortunecity.com/pot/832/articles.html Articles about George Soros]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Soros, George}}
[[Category:People from Budapest]]
[[Category:Academics from the United States]]
[[Category:Hungarian academics]]
[[Category:Political activists]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from the United States]]
[[Category:Philosophers from the United States]]
[[Category:Hungarian philosophers]]
[[Category:1930 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Philanthropists]]
[[Category:American Jews]]
[[Category:Hungarian Jews]]

[[fi:George Soros]]

Hollywood

2020-10-19T15:43:02Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880561 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:Hollywood_Sign.JPG|right|thumb|Its name has come to be a [[w:Metonym|metonym]] for the [[w:Motion picture industry|motion picture industry]] of the United States. - [[Joan Crawford]].]]
'''[[w:Hollywood|Hollywood]]''' is a district in the central region of [[Los Angeles]], [[California]], in the [[United States]]. It is notable for its place as the home of the [[entertainment]] [[industry]], including several of its historic [[studios]]. Its name has come to be a [[w:Metonym|metonym]] for the [[w:Motion picture industry|motion picture industry]] of the United States. Hollywood is also a highly [[w:Ethnically|ethnically]] [[diverse]], densely populated, economically diverse neighborhood and retail [[w:Business district|business district]].

==Quotes==
* Hollywood groupthink is anathema to the nature of [[sci fi]], which is a cerebral [[philosophical]] [[exploration]] of [[humankind]] and puncturing the limits of our [[imagination]]. I think the central concept here is that Hollywood, Cap H, is as terrified of sci fi as it is of an [[w:Alien invasion|alien invasion]]. And that’s because the studios, as they have been increasingly corporatized, become absolutely [[risk]] averse in a way that they haven’t always been.
** Thelma Adams, as qtd. by Lewis Beale, [https://www.thedailybeast.com/blame-star-wars-if-you-think-science-fiction-is-brain-dead “Blame ‘Star Wars’ if You Think Science Fiction Is Brain Dead”], ''The Daily Beast'', (12.15.17).

* Hollywood is not necessarily biased toward a particular political view, but it is biased toward what does and doesn’t make [[money]]. Since [[9/11]], the market wanted these almost [[comics|comic book]] characterizations of [[Muslims]] as the [[Villain|bad guy]]. But that market has dried up. It’s not interesting anymore. They want different narratives about Muslims and Middle Easterners, and networks are looking for ways to do that.
** [[w:Lorraine Ali|Lorraine Ali]], [http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-hollywood-values-updates-how-hollywood-s-muslim-portrayals-1483650479-htmlstory.html "Exploiting fear of Muslims? The far right has nothing on liberal Hollywood"], ''Los Angeles Times'', (Jan. 6, 2017).

*I try, in my life, to follow my heart. '''I know what it feels like to do things that are [[soul]]-decaying. A large aspect of life in [[Hollywood]], in a stereotypic way, I find unbelievably soul-decaying.''' And I choose, albeit frustratingly to other people in my life, not to expose myself too much to too much of that.
**[[Gillian Anderson]] in: "Agent of Change - Gillian Anderson , who found fulfilling work in England after 'The X-Files,' returns to TV in a PBS miniseries", ''[[w:The Orlando Sentinel|The Orlando Sentinel]]'', p. E1. (January 21, 2006).
[[File:Hollywood-walk-of-fame.jpg|thumb|200px|Hollywood is no place to grow up, no place to live. It's no place to have any friends, no place to enjoy life. It's a disgusting, horrible, craze-driven town. It's only how much do you make, or how fancy a car you have, that determines your status there. And everyone's lying so much that they don't even know they're lying anymore. There's no reality to Hollywood. The fees they pay directors are obnoxious, the money they spend on movies could feed entire starving African... I mean, fuck 'em. ~[[w:Ralph Bakshi|Ralph Bakshi]]]]
* Sick of Hollywood, tired of fighting and selling out as an artist. I don't believe anyone should do the same thing for the rest of his life. We get a very short time on this planet. Challenging oneself is very important. It's not that I couldn't make other great animated films, but I'd done what I wanted to do, which was make animation an adult medium, if one wanted it to be. And I'd proven to myself that it could work, and it was time to move on to something else. When I sell a painting, I get very excited. I need one person to like what I do, not a million. It's a different structure here. Plus the Hollywood thing. I mean, Hollywood is no place to grow up, no place to live. It's no place to have any friends, no place to enjoy life. It's a disgusting, horrible, craze-driven town. It's only how much do you make, or how fancy a car you have, that determines your status there. And everyone's lying so much that they don't even know they're lying anymore. There's no reality to Hollywood. The fees they pay directors are obnoxious, the money they spend on movies could feed entire starving African... I mean, fuck 'em. I made a few bucks and got out. I don't want to spend the rest of my life with those people. They're disgusting people, and you can quote me on that. There's a lot of great talent there, but it's no place I wanted to spend much time. I'd rather spend time with Rembrandt and Goya at home. They're better company than those schmucks who never read Lord Of The Rings.
** [[w:Ralph Bakshi|Ralph Bakshi]] in [http://www.avclub.com/article/ralph-bakshi-13690 "Ralph Bakshi"], Tasha Robinson, ''AV Club'', (12/06/00).

* '''The place is unreal. The people are unreal. The flowers are unreal—they don't smell. The fruit is unreal. Even the streets and buildings are unreal. I always expected to hear a carpenter shout "Strike" and the whole place come down like a stage set. That's what Hollywood is—a set, a glaring, gaudy, nightmarish set erected in the desert.'''
** [[w:Ethel Barrymore|Ethel Barrymore]] [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1499&dat=19420315&id=d8BQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=diMEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3942,6345762&hl=en "Queen Ethel Comes This Way Again"] by Walter Monfried ''The Milwaukee Journal'', (Mar 15, 1942).

* The voice of Hollywood has grown beyond the border of the United States. It's everywhere.
** [[w:Max Beauvoir|Max Beauvoir]] in [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/05/world/americas/05beauvoir.html?_r=4&pagewanted=print&oref=slogin& "A U.S.-Trained Entrepreneur Becomes Voodoo’s Pope"], ''New York Times'', (04/05/2008).

* '''Hollywood is like [[Picasso]]'s bathroom.'''
**[[w:Candice Bergen|Candice Bergen]] in: Bill Adler ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=KOVGUVYj2XUC&pg=PA91 Funny Ladies: The Best Humor from America's Funniest Women]'', Andrews McMeel Publishing, 23 February 2001, p. 91.

* Hollywood is run by Jews. It is owned by Jews, and they should have a greater sensitivity. They should have greater sensitivity about the issue of people who are suffering because they've [been] exploited. We have seen the nigger, we've seen the greaseball, we have seen the chink, the slit-eyed dangerous Jap. We have seen the wily Filipino. We've seen everything, but we never saw the kike, because they know perfectly well that is where you draw the wagons around.
** [[Marlon Brando]] Interview on ''Larry King Live'' (April 1996), quoted in ''Cultural Diversity and the U.S. Media'' (1998) by Yahya R. Kamalipour and Theresa Carilli, p. 105

*Most of the [[successful]] people in Hollywood are [[failures]] as human beings.
**[[Marlon Brando]] in: Pete Martin ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=HVhBAQAAIAAJ Pete Martin calls on...]'', Simon and Schuster, 1962, p. 324.

* Every day, to earn my daily bread I go to the market where lies are bought Hopefully I take up my place among the sellers.
** [[Bertolt Brecht]] "Hollywood" (1942), quoted in ''Poems, 1913-1956'' (1976), edited by John Willett and Ralph Manheim, p. 382

*In Hollywood, they think drawn [[w:Animation|animation]] doesn't work anymore, [[computers]] are the way. They forget that the reason computers are the way is that [[w:Pixar|Pixar]] makes good movies. So everybody tries to copy Pixar. They're relying too much on the technology and not enough on the artists.
**[[w:Tim Burton|Tim Burton]] in: ''[http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000318/bio Tim BurtonBiography]'', IMDb

*In Hollywood if you don't have a [[w:Mental health professionals|shrink]], people think you're [[crazy]].
**[[Johnny Carson]] in: Santhosh Babu ''[http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/hire-a-coach-and-create-your-future/1/206952.html Hire a Coach and create your future]'', Businesstoday, 5 June 2014
[[File:Hollywood_boulevard_from_kodak_theatre.jpg|thumb|right|Real cities have something else, some individual bony structure under the muck. [[Los Angeles]] has Hollywood -- and hates it. It ought to consider itself damn [[lucky]]. Without Hollywood it would be a [[w:Mail order|mail order]] [[w:City|city]]. Everything in the [[w:Catalogue|catalogue]] you could get better somewhere else. - [[Raymond Chandler]].]]
*Real cities have something else, some individual bony structure under the muck. [[Los Angeles]] has Hollywood -- and hates it. It ought to consider itself damn [[lucky]]. Without Hollywood it would be a [[w:Mail order|mail order]] [[w:City|city]]. Everything in the [[w:Catalogue|catalogue]] you could get better somewhere else.
**[[Raymond Chandler]] in: ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=n0mkbWQ6hIcC&pg=PA9 The Most Typical Avant-Garde: History and Geography of Minor Cinemas in Los Angeles]'', University of California Press, 30 April 2005, p. 9.

* They pick your brains, break your heart, ruin your digestion -- and what do you get for it? Nothing but a lousy fortune.
** {{w|Lenore Coffee}}, speaking with friend and colleague {{w|Frances Marion}}; as quoted in ''Without Lying Down: Frances Marion and the Powerful Women of Early Hollywood'' (1997) by Cari Beauchamp

*Any [[actress]] who appears in public without being well-groomed is digging her own [[grave]].
**[[Joan Crawford]] in: Mari Lyn Henry, Lynne Rogers ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=v0t9KQGqkoIC&pg=PA41 How to Be a Working Actor, 5th Edition: The Insider's Guide to Finding Jobs in Theater, Film & Television]'', Ten Speed Press, 7 July 2010, p. 41

*Think of the plot of The Fly. Two attractive people fall in love. The man suddenly contracts this incurable disease. He goes downhill in a horrible and hideous way as his mate watches and then he asks her to kill him and that’s the end of the movie. Now, people would not accept that. You could not deal with that in a normal, realistic fashion. It’s just too upfront and too hard and too despairing. If you gave Hollywood that plot, they wouldn’t make the movie. And yet, because it was sci-fi, fantasy, horror, no one ever questioned how dark it was. That’s another good thing about horror—it allows you to come to grips with the nitty gritty and at the same time gives you a little cushion, a little protection as well, because it is fantasy.
**David Cronenberg, [http://bombmagazine.org/article/1160/david-cronenberg "David Cronenberg"], Bette Gordon, ''Bomb'', (Jan 1, 1989).

*I'm impressed with the people from [[Chicago]]. Hollywood is hype, [[New York]] is talk, Chicago is [[work]].
**[[w:Michael Douglas|Michael Douglas]] in: Genna Hill ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=Veo8tHPNZgMC&pg=PA2 The 2011 Chicago North Side Real Estate Guide: Bucktown, Wicker Park, Lincoln Park, Lake View, Gold Coast, Streeterville. Andersonville, Wrigleyville, Ravenswood and More]'', Wexford House Books, 24 September 2010, p. 2.
[[File:Action_hero_montage.png|thumb|200px|[Hollywood] is a very [[male]] business, and it has in vast portions of it — the whole [[action]] movie part of it might as well be the [[United States Army]] in 1943 in that the ethics of it are, you know, boot camp and action movies and guns and explosions and all the rest of it, and that – so that means that about 50% of the business is not only pretty much closed off to women, but women don’t even wanna be in it! ~ [[Nora Ephron]]]]
*[Hollywood] is a very male business, and it has in vast portions of it — the whole action movie part of it might as well be the United States Army in 1943 in that the ethics of it are, you know, boot camp and action movies and guns and explosions and all the rest of it, and that – so that means that about 50% of the business is not only pretty much closed off to women, but women don’t even wanna be in it!
**[[Nora Ephron]] in the documentary ''[[Dreams on Spec]]'' (2007)

*'[[w:Sunset Boulevard|Sunset Boulevard]]' - the [[story]] of [[w:Hollywood movies|Hollywood movies]] draped on a depressing [[sex]] [[affair]] - is an uncompromising study of [[American]] [[w:Decadence|decadence]] displaying a [[sad]], worn, methodical [[beauty]] few films have had since the late twenties.
**[[w:Manny Farber|Manny Farber]] in: ''[http://www.thenation.com/article/sunset-boulevard Sunset Boulevard]'', The Nation, 23 September 1950.

*The No. 1 problem in Hollywood was, and is, and always will be [[pedophilia]].
**[[w:Corey Feldman|Correy Feldman]] from his memoir ''Coreyography'' (2013); as quoted in [http://www.cnn.com/2017/11/09/entertainment/corey-feldman-pedophilia/index.html "Corey Feldman living in fear after talking to police about sexual abuse claims"], by Lisa Respers France, ''CNN'', (November 9, 2017).

*I made my first [[film]] on 16mm. Then I began using 35mm. Then I began working in Hollywood. And I began to really understand how films were made by professionals. I have to say I wasn't very impressed.
**[[w:Mike Figgis|Mike Figgis]] in: ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=HgpoiHCkcWEC&pg=PP5 Digital Film-Making]'', Faber & Faber, 16 August 2012, p. 5.

*The [[secret]] to kicking ass in dumbshit Hollywood... Every time you meet someone, make a fucking [[w:Impression|impression]]. Make them think you're the hottest shit in the [[world]]. Make them think they're gonna lose their job if they don't give you one. Look 'em in the [[eye]], and never look away. Be confident and calm, be fucking bold. That [[sounds]] more like the secret to kicking ass in [[life]]. It is, but I was gonna wait and tell you that some other time.
**[[James Frey]] in: ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=33ROPEj7b5oC&pg=PT203 My Friend Leonard]'', Hachette UK, 13 March 2006, p. 203.

*People in Hollywood are not showmen, they're maintenance men, pandering to what they think their audiences want.
**[[Terry Gilliam]] IMDB profile

*It's an abominable place. If there was an Old Testamental [[God]], he would do his job and wipe the place out. The only bad thing is that some really good restaurants would go up as well.
**[[Terry Gilliam]] about Hollywood. As quoted in the New York Times article [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/14/movies/14mcgr.html?_r=1&pagewanted=1&ref=terrygilliam Terry Gilliam's Feel-Good Endings] (14 August 2005)

*Movies in Hollywood now, for the past 20 or 30 years, are made mainly by lawyers or agents.
**[[Jean-Luc Godard]] ''The Christian Science Monitor - August 3, 1994.'' David Sterritt ''

* In Hollywood, no one knows anything.
**[[w:William Goldman|William Goldman]] in: Jorja Prover ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=occChtBY6aEC&pg=PA12 No One Knows Their Names: Screenwriters in Hollywood]'', Popular Press, 1994, p. 12
[[File:Susan_Hayward_-_1947_-_Smash.jpg|right|thumb|My [[life]] is fair game for anybody. I spent an [[unhappy]], [[penniless]] [[childhood]] in [[w:Brooklyn|Brooklyn]]. I had to slug my way up in a town called Hollywood where people [[love]] to [[trample]] you to [[death]]. I don't relax because I don't know how. I don't want to know how. Life is too short to [[relax]]. - [[w:Susan Hayward|Susan Hayward]].]]
*My [[life]] is fair game for anybody. I spent an [[unhappy]], [[penniless]] [[childhood]] in [[w:Brooklyn|Brooklyn]]. I had to slug my way up in a town called Hollywood where people [[love]] to [[trample]] you to [[death]]. I don't relax because I don't know how. I don't want to know how. Life is too short to [[relax]].
**[[w:Susan Hayward|Susan Hayward]] in: James Parish ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=S8I63YmASU8C The Hollywood Book of Death: The Bizarre, Often Sordid, Passings of More than 125 American Movie and TV Idols]'', McGraw-Hill Education, 29 October 2001, p. 195.

*You know, let's put it this way, if all the people in Hollywood who have had [[w:Plastic surgery|plastic surgery]], if they went on [[vacation]], there wouldn't be a person left in town.
**[[Michael Jackson]] in: ''[http://www.examiner.com/article/michael-jackson-speaks-on-his-vitiligo-and-being-black Michael Jackson speaks on his vitiligo and being black]'', Examiner.com Entertainment 6 July 2009.

*'''Every [[country]] gets the [[circus]] it deserves. [[Spain]] gets [[w:Bullfights|bullfights]]. [[Italy]] the [[Church]]. [[America]] Hollywood.'''
**[[w:Erica Jong|Erica Jong]] in: Gyles Brandreth ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=kcycAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA151 Oxford Dictionary of Humorous Quotations]'', Oxford University Press, 17 October 2013, p. 151.

*Let any [[w:Pretty|pretty]] girl announce a [[divorce]] in Hollywood and the [[wolves]] come running. Fresh meat for the [[beast]], and they are always [[hungry]].
**[[Hedy Lamarr]] in: ''[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Hrithiks-mother-in-law-Zarine-Khan-whos-hopeful-of-their-reunion/mvopinions/28599374.cms No other man or woman is involved in what happened between Hrithik and Sussanne: Zarine Khan]'', The Times of India, 10 January 2014,

*To create what it does, Hollywood has to draw young people, often of unstable [[temperament]], from all over the [[world]]. It plunges them into exacting work--surrounds them with a [[w:Sensuous|sensuous]] [[life]]-- and cuts them off from the normal sources of living.
**[[Max Lerner]] in: Max Lerner ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=_AYhwormGRcC America as a Civilization]'', 1957, p. 826.

*In Hollywood, the women are all [[w:Peaches|peaches]]. It makes one long for an [[w:Apple|apple]] occasionally.
**[[W. Somerset Maugham]] in: Gene Shalit ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=6y31vxOh5IMC&pg=PA95 Great Hollywood Wit: A Glorious Cavalcade of Hollywood Wisecracks, Zingers, Japes, Quips, Slings, Jests, Snappers, & Sass from the Stars]'', Macmillan, 22 November 2003, p. 95.

*In Hollywood, brides keep the [[w:Bouquets|bouquets]] and throw away the [[w:Groom|groom]].
**[[Groucho Marx]] in: Joseph Demakis ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=kOnjAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA402 the Ultimate Book of Quotations]'', Lulu.com, p. 402.

*Well, nobody looks to Hollywood for [[w:social commentary|social commentary]], '''do they?''' They only recently discovered that there were [[black people]] in the world.
*Hollywood has mistreated [[women]] in every possible way throughout its history. [[Gay]] [[men]] don’t exist.
**[[w:Ian McKellen|Ian McKellen]], [https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/may/23/ian-mckellen-half-of-hollywood-is-gay-fantastic-beasts "Ian McKellen: half of Hollywood is gay, yet in movies gay men don't exist"], Catherine Shoard, ''The Guardian'', (23, May 2018).

*Hollywood is a place where they'll pay you a thousand dollars for a [[kiss]] and fifty cents for your [[soul]]. I know, because I turned down the first offer often enough and held out for the fifty cents.
**[[Marilyn Monroe]] in: Gloria Steinem ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=rEQowKYgjqYC&pg=PT19 Marilyn: Norma Jeane]'', Open Road Media, 19 March 2013, p. 19.

*'''Someone said to me, 'If fifty percent of the experts in Hollywood said you had no [[talent]] and should give up, what would you do?' My [[w:Answer|answer]] was then and still is, 'If a hundred percent told me that, all one hundred percent would be [[wrong]].'''
**[[Marilyn Monroe]] in: Gloria Steinem "Marilyn: Norma Jeane", p. 12.

*When it comes to bending the truth to assist a [[story]]’s plot versus staying completely [[true]] to the [[facts]], we can assure you any [[w:Dramatist|dramatist]] will always select the former. [[Mark Twain]]’s old saying “Never let the [[truth]] get in the way of a good story” still reigns in Hollywood.
**James Morcan in: ''[http://morcanbooksandfilms.com/2014/03/25/the-secret-history-of-mind-control/ The secret history of mind control]'', Morcan Books and Films.
[[File:Hollywood-Studios-1922.jpg|thumb|It could be that today's [[conservative]] movement remains in thrall to the same [[narrative]] that has defined its [[attitude]] toward [[film]] and the [[arts]] for decades. Inspired by feelings of exclusion after Hollywood and the popular culture turned leftward in the '60s and '70s, this narrative has defined the film industry as an irredeemably [[liberal]] institution toward which conservatives can only act in opposition—never engagement. Ironically, this narrative ignores the actual history of Hollywood, in which conservatives had a strong presence from the industry's founding in the early 20th century up through the '40s, '50s and into the mid-'60s. ~ Govindini Murty]]
*It could be that today's [[conservative]] movement remains in thrall to the same [[narrative]] that has defined its [[attitude]] toward [[film]] and the [[arts]] for decades. Inspired by feelings of exclusion after Hollywood and the popular culture turned leftward in the '60s and '70s, this narrative has defined the film industry as an irredeemably [[liberal]] institution toward which conservatives can only act in opposition—never engagement. Ironically, this narrative ignores the actual history of Hollywood, in which conservatives had a strong presence from the industry's founding in the early 20th century up through the '40s, '50s and into the mid-'60s. The conservative Hollywood community at that time included such leading directors as [[Howard Hawks]], [[Frank Capra]], and [[Cecil B. DeMille]], and major stars like [[John Wayne]], [[Clark Gable]], and [[Charlton Heston]]. These talents often worked side by side with notable Hollywood liberals like directors [[Billy Wilder]], [[William Wyler]], and [[John Huston]], and stars like [[Humphrey Bogart]], [[Lauren Bacall]], and [[Spencer Tracy]]. The richness of classic Hollywood cinema is widely regarded as a testament to the ability of these two communities to work together, regardless of political differences. As the younger, more left-leaning "[[w:New Hollywood|New Hollywood]]" generation swept into the industry in the late '60s and '70s, this older group of Hollywood conservatives faded away, never to be replaced. Except for a brief period in the '80s when the [[w:Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] Presidency led to a conservative reengagement with film—with popular stars like [[Clint Eastwood]], [[Sylvester Stallone]], and [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]] making macho, patriotic action films—conservatives appeared to abandon popular culture altogether. In the wake of this retreat, conservative failure to engage with Hollywood now appears to have been recast by today's East Coast conservative establishment into a generalized opposition toward film and popular culture itself. In the early '90s, conservative film critic [[w:Michael Medved|Michael Medved]] codified this oppositional feeling toward Hollywood in his best-selling book ''Hollywood vs. America''.
** Govindini Murty, [https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2011/10/hey-conservatives-its-safe-to-go-to-the-movies-again/244715/ “Hey, Conservatives: It's Safe to Go to the Movies Again”], ''The Atlantic'', (Oct. 12, 2011).

*'''Modern Hollywood is a far cry from its intrepid female founder's [Daeida Hartell] "[[dream]] of [[beauty]]".'''
**Rachel Nuwer in: ''[http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/hollywood-was-once-alcohol-free-community-1-180949851/?no-ist Hollywood Was Once an Alcohol-Free Community]'', Smithsonian.com , 21 February 2014.
[[File:Hollywood-hotel-1905.jpg|right|thumb|...the couple soon moved there permanently and imagined a "[[w:Utopian|utopian]] subdivision" to accommodate [[culture]]d, wholesome [[w:Midwestern United States|Midwesterners]] looking for fresh air and a second act in California... - Rachel Nuwer]]

*In 1900, Hollywood, [[California]], was a small town of 500 people, many of whom had moved there from the [[w:Midwestern United States|midwest]]. Around 15 years earlier, [[w:Daeida Wilcox Beveridge|Daeida Hartell]], a young woman from [[w:Ohio|Ohio]], had traveled there with her husband, [[w:Harvey Henderson Wilcox|Harvey Henderson Wilcox]], and convinced him to purchase 120 acres... the couple soon moved there permanently and imagined a "[[w:Utopian|utopian]] subdivision" to accommodate [[culture]]d, wholesome [[w:Midwestern United States|Midwesterners]] looking for fresh air and a second act in California...She [Daeida Hartell] was creating an [[alcohol]]-free, [[culture]]d [[w:Christian Community|Christian community]]. To that end she offered free lots to [[Christian]] [[churches]] regardless of their [[w:Denomination|denomination]].
**Rachel Nuwer in: "Hollywood Was Once an Alcohol-Free Community".

*[[w:Liquor|Liquor]], the use of [[w:Firearms|firearms]], speeding, [[w:Pool halls|pool halls]] and even [[w:Bowling alleys|bowling alley]]s were banned. The riding of [[w:Bicycles|bicycles]] and [[w:Tricycles|tricycles]] on sidewalks was prohibited—telling, given that the only [[w:Sidewalks|sidewalks]] in Hollywood at the time were in front of the homes of [[w:Daeida Wilcox Beveridge|Daeida]] and one other prominent developer. For all its infighting, the new town of Hollywood now entered its brief golden age. A woman who grew up during the time remembered a "country life," where children ran through lemon, orange, and tomato fields and made snowmen during the rare snow of 1905.
**Rachel Nuwer in: "Hollywood Was Once an Alcohol-Free Community".

*The fallacy in Hollywood is that if you’re making a 'feminist’ story, the woman kicks ass and wins. That’s not feminist, that’s macho.
**[[w:Natalie Portman|Natalie Portman]], [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/10401853/Natalie-Portman-interview-for-Thor-A-woman-kicking-ass-isnt-feminist.-Thats-macho.html "Natalie Portman interview for Thor: 'A woman kicking ass isn't feminist. That's macho'"], Elaine Lipworth, ''The Telegraph'', (29 Oct 2013).

*'''Hollywood is the [[definition]] of [[sexual]] [[discrimination]].'''
**[[w:Ally Sheedy|Ally Sheedy]] in: Wheeler W. Dixon ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=YN7x4VAurkYC&pg=PA13 The Second Century of Cinema: The Past and Future of the Moving Image]'', SUNY Press, 28 February 2000, p. 13.
[[File:American_way_of_life.jpg|right|thumb|...When they came back, they crowned [[Eisenhower]] and then retired to the giddy comfort of their TV parlors, to cultivate the subtleties of [[w:American history|American history]] as seen by Hollywood. ~ [[Hunter S. Thompson]]]]
*Far from being freaks, the [[Hell]]'s [[Angel]]s are a [[logic]]al product of the [[culture]] that now claims to be shocked at their existence. The generation represented by the editors of [[w:Time ( Magazine)|Time]] has lived so long in a [[world]] full of [[w:Celluloid|Celluloid]] [[w:Outlaws|outlaws]] hustling toothpaste and hair oil that it is no longer capable of confronting the real thing. For twenty years they have sat with their children and watched yesterday's outlaws raise hell with yesterday's [[world]] … and now they are bringing up children who think [[w:Jesse James|Jesse James]] is a [[television]] character. This is the generation that went to [[war]] for Mom, God and Apple Butter, the [[w:American Way|American Way]] of [[Life]]. When they came back, they crowned [[Eisenhower]] and then retired to the giddy comfort of their TV parlors, to cultivate the subtleties of [[w:American history|American history]] as seen by Hollywood.
**[[Hunter S. Thompson]] in: Hunter S. Thompson ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=84o2ZGPzEVEC&pg=PA259 Hell's Angels: A Strange and Terrible Saga]'', Random House Publishing Group, 1 August 2012, p. 259.

*'''It's said in Hollywood that you should always [[forgive]] your [[enemies]] - because you never know when you'll have to work with them.'''
**[[w:Lana Turner|Lana Turner]] in: ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=4opJb3DwussC&pg=PA120 The Quotable A**hole: More than 1,200 Bitter Barbs, Cutting Comments, and Caustic Comebacks for Aspiring and Armchair A**holes Alike]'', Adams Media, 15 September 2011, p. 120.

*I think Hollywood invention has always been somewhat limitless. You may have relied on a bit of claymation, filmed lizards for dinosaurs, or depicted Chuck Heston parting the seas but what continues to change is execution: design aesthetic and photorealism continue to evolve. For me the limits have always resided with our imagination. The struggle is to conceive something unique. If you can achieve this, then the underlying concept or idea even badly executed, will always outshine the polished cliche.
**[[w:Gore Verbinski|Gore Verbinski]] [http://www.dvdizzy.com/goreverbinski-junket.html]

*Yes, I'm [[w:Blonde|blonde]]. When I started as an [[actor]], because of the [[accent]] and my [[body]] and my [[personality]], it was not what the [[w:Stereotype|stereotype]] of the [[w:Latina|Latina]] [[woman]] in Hollywood is, so they didn't know where to put me. The blond hair wasn't matching. The moment I put my [[hair]] [[dark]], it was better for my [[work]].
**[[w:Sofía Vergara|Sofia Vergara]] in: ''[http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2011/07/29/sofia-vergara-on-david-beckham-tom-cruise-the-smurfs-modern-family-emmys.html Sofia Vergara Breaks Out]'', The Daily Beast, 29 July 2011

[[File:Hollywood_sign_from_farmers_market.jpg|right|thumb|You're now heading toward Hollywood, like any normal tourist. [[w:Breathe|Breathe]] in that [[w:SmoG|smog]] and feel [[lucky]] that only in [[Los Angeles|L.A.]] will you [[glimpse]]...[[John Waters]].]]
*You're now heading toward Hollywood, like any normal tourist. [[w:Breathe|Breathe]] in that [[w:SmoG|smog]] and feel [[lucky]] that only in [[Los Angeles|L.A.]] will you [[w:Glimpse|glimpse]] a green [[sun]] or a brown [[moon]]. Forget the [[propaganda]] you've heard about clean [[air]]; demand [[w:Oxygen|oxygen]] you can see in all its glorious [[w:Discoloration|discoloration]].
**[[John Waters]] in: ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=tr7lYLTXmFYC&pg=PT28 Crackpot: The Osessions of b]'', Simon and Schuster, 1 November 2007, p. 28.

*I am not cut out to deal with certain types of individuals that run large Hollywood studios. I have checkered teeth, I smell like a Slim Jim and enjoy crushing nerdy executive hands. Not a good combination for getting your foot in the door in "Hollywood". Look what Hollywood has done to computer graphics .... turned her into a slutty sister!
**[[w:Steve Williams (animator)|Steve Williams]] [http://area.autodesk.com/blogs/craig/steve-spaz-williams]

*People go to the [[w:Movie|movie]]s instead of moving. Hollywood characters are supposed to have all the [[w:Adventures|adventures]] for everybody in [[America]], while everybody in America sits in a dark room and watches them have them.
**[[Tennessee Williams]] in: ''[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=YnWJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA330 Moving Words: Re-Writing Dance]'', Routledge, 28 June 2005, p. 330.

==External links==
{{Wikipedia}}{{Wikivoyage}}
[[Category:Cities in the United States]]

Corporatocracy

2020-10-19T15:43:00Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880562 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

'''[[W:Corporatocracy|Corporatocracy]]''' is a term used to refer to an economic and political system controlled by corporations or corporate interests, as opposed to the people's interests.

== Quotes ==
*The privileged few are the beneficiaries of corporatocracy: corporate executives and directors, major stockholders, Wall Street bankers and brokers, top-tier Washington lobbyists, holders of inherited wealth, etc. De facto plutocrats, these are the country’s richest families whose wealth and incomes, in vivid contrast, are steadily rising... The maldistribution of wealth and incomes we suffer could not occur in a functioning democracy: self-governing people would never impoverish the many to enrich the few... Corporatocracy is directly and exclusively responsible here. Corporocratic governance relentlessly promotes public policies favoring corporate interests over the public good—and just as relentlessly stifles policies that might do otherwise.
** [https://www.counterpunch.org/author/mvtuea3111/ Richard W. Behan] in [https://www.counterpunch.org/2016/01/04/bernie-sanders-vs-the-corporatocracy/ ''Bernie Sanders vs. the Corporatocracy, CounterPunch''] (4 January 2016)

* Increasingly, our [[large corporations]] have been [[Abuse of power|abusing the awesome power]] that they have amassed. [...] This abuse of power shows itself in many ways. Particularly disturbing have been the efforts of the corporations to [[w:Regulatory capture|conscript the political process]] for their own benefit through their large financial contributions, both [[Lobbying|legal]] and [[Bribery|illegal]]. Although corporate [[Politics of the United States|political]] influence became more pronounced under [[President of the United States|President]] [[Ronald Reagan]], it has long exercised a heavy hand over the {{w|White House}}, the [[Congress of the United States|Congress]], and the [[w:State governments of the United States|state governments]]. [[Revolving door (politics)|Former top corporate executives]] often hold many of the most powerful cabinet and top agency positions in the [[w:Federal government of the United States#Executive branch|executive branch]] of [[Federal government of the United States|government]]. [[Politicians]] listen when large corporations speak. They have enormous advantages in influencing political [[decision-makers]].
** [[Marshall B. Clinard]], {{cite book |title=Corporate Corruption: The Abuse of Power |date=1990 |publisher={{w|Greenwood Publishing Group}} |isbn=978-0-275-93485-9 |page=6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PQJZxr_YBhgC&pg=PA6}}

*Democratic socialist [[Bernie Sanders]] received the most votes in the first three primary elections. After centrist Joe Biden scored his first primary win, the DNC consolidated the Democratic Party establishment around him. Candidates... immediately dropped out of the race and endorsed Biden... The party bosses likely wanted to ensure that Sanders would not upend the corporate order... At the March 15 debate with Biden, Sanders asked the rhetorical question: Where is the power in America?...“Who owns the media? Who owns the economy? Who owns the legislative process? Why do we give tax breaks to billionaires and not raise the minimum wage? Why do we pump up the oil industry while a half a million people are homeless in America?”
**[[Marjorie Cohn]], [https://truthout.org/articles/is-the-dnc-once-again-orchestrating-the-defeat-of-a-socialist-candidate/ Is the DNC Once Again Orchestrating the Defeat of a Socialist Candidate?, Marjorie Cohn, ''Truthout''] (16 March 2020)

*It is a myth that the United States of America was ever a democracy (most of the famous founder elite such as John Adams equated democracy with mob rule and wanted no part of it). The United States of America was actually created as a republic, in which Americans were supposed to have power through representatives who were supposed to actually represent the American people. The truth today, however, is that the United States is neither a democracy nor a republic. Americans are ruled by a corporatocracy: a partnership of “too-big-to-fail” corporations, the extremely wealthy elite, and corporate-collaborator government officials.
**[[Bruce E. Levine]] in [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/bruce-e-levine/the-myth-of-us-democracy-corporatocracy_b_836573.html ''The Myth of U.S. Democracy and the Reality of U.S. Corporatocracy, Huffington Post,''] (25 May 2011)

*In the U.S. corporatocracy, corporations and the wealthy elite directly and indirectly finance candidates, who are then indebted to them. It’s common for these indebted government officials to appoint to key decision-making roles those friendly to corporations, including executives from these corporations... The United States is not ruled by a single deranged dictator but by an impersonal corporatocracy. Thus, there is no one tyrant that Americans can first hate and then finally overthrow so as to end senseless wars and economic injustices.... he first step in recovering democracy is the psychological courage to face the humiliation that we Americans have neither a democracy nor a republic but are in fact ruled by a partnership of “too-big-to-fail” corporations, the extremely wealthy elite, and corporate-collaborator government officials.
**[[Bruce E. Levine]] in [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/bruce-e-levine/the-myth-of-us-democracy-corporatocracy_b_836573.html ''The Myth of U.S. Democracy and the Reality of U.S. Corporatocracy, Huffington Post,''] (25 May 2011)

*'''[[Bailout|Bail out]] the people, not the corporations. Bail out the living world, not its destroyers. Let’s not waste our second chance.'''
**[[George Monbiot]], [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/29/airlines-oil-giants-government-economy Airlines and oil giants are on the brink. No government should offer them a lifeline,] [[w:The Guardian|The Guardian]], (29 April 2020)

*I realized that my gloss as chief economist, head of Economics and Regional Planning... was part of a sinister system aimed not at outfoxing an unsuspecting customer, but rather at promoting the most subtle and effective form of imperialism the world has ever known.... The march had begun and it was rapidly encircling the planet. The hoods had discarded their leather jackets, dressed up in business suits, and taken on an air of respectability. Men and women were descending from corporate headquarters in New York, Chicago, San Francisco, London, and Tokyo, streaming across every continent to convince corrupt politicians to allow their countries to be shackled to the [[corporatocracy|corporatocracy,]] and to induce desperate people to sell their bodies to sweatshops and assembly lines. It was disturbing to understand that the unspoken details behind the written words of my resume and of that article defined a world of smoke and mirrors intended to keep us all shackled to a system that is morally repugnant and ultimately self-destructive.
**[[John Perkins]] in ''[[Confessions of an Economic Hit Man]]'' (2004), p. 160

*Reagan...was most definitely a global empire builder, a servant of the [[corporatocracy]]. At the time of his election, I found it fitting that he was a Hollywood actor, a man who had followed orders passed down from moguls, who knew how to take direction. That would be his signature. He would cater to the men who shuttled back and forth from corporate CEO offices to bank boards and into the halls of government. He would serve the men who appeared to serve him but who in fact ran the government — men like Vice President George H . W. Bush, Secretary of State George Shultz, Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger, Richard Cheney; Richard Helms, and Robert McNamara. He would advocate what those men wanted: an America that controlled the world and all its resources, a world that answered to the commands of that America, a U.S. military that would enforce the rules as they were written by America, and an international trade and banking system that supported America as CEO of the global empire.
**[[John Perkins]] in ''[[Confessions of an Economic Hit Man]]'' (2004), p. 176

*It is extremely important that We the People force Trump and his band of corporatocracy henchmen to keep the promises we heard in his inaugural address. Let us hear “making America great” as “making America a true democracy!” Let us hear “we are transferring power from Washington, D.C. and giving it back to you, the American People” and “we do not seek to impose our way of life on anyone, but rather to let it shine as an example for everyone to follow” as an echo of Prime Minister Churchill’s contention that a country cannot be both a democracy and an empire.
**[[John Perkins]] [https://johnperkins.org/latest-news/how-to-be-a-democracy-under-a-trump-presidency ''How To Be A Democracy Under Trum''p] (31 January 2017)

*America is losing its democracy as our politicians trade their votes for campaign contributions from the corporate lobbies. We have a corporatocracy rather than a democracy...The Wall Street Journal... is the leading print mouthpiece for the corporatocracy... America’s corporatocracy is governed by vested interests rather than moral or economic principles.... Americans today by large majorities support public education, Medicare, Social Security, help for the indigent, stronger regulation of the banks, and higher taxation of the rich. The problem is... with the failure of our government to translate American values into American policies.
**[[Jeffrey Sachs]] in [https://www.huffingtonpost.com/jeffrey-sachs/paul-ryan-american-values_b_991817.html ''Paul Ryan, American Values and Corporatocracy, Huffington Post'']] (3 Dec 2011)

* We propose urgent measures so that [[Big business|large]] [[companies]] pay the costs of [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|this crisis]]. They are the ones who have always [[profit]]ed from the degradation of {{w|public health}} and [[w:Precarious work|precarious working conditions]], the measures carried out by the governments, states, and parties in their service. These are banners of [[Class conflict|struggle]] for the [[Labour movement|organization of workers]] and youth. Great crises require great solutions.
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]] on the [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|coronavirus pandemic]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!]'' (March 14, 2020), ''Left Voice''.

== See also ==
* [[Alternative media]]
* [[Confessions of an Economic Hit Man]]
*[[Mainstream media]]
* [[Oligarchy]]
* [[Plutocracy]]
* [[Ruling class]]
* [[Status quo]]
* [[Tyranny]]
* [[Corporate governance]]

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}

Health care in the United States

2020-10-19T15:42:58Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880563 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

'''{{w|Health care in the United States}}''' is provided by many distinct organizations. [[Health care]] facilities are largely owned and operated by {{w|private sector}} businesses.
==Quotes==
* [[w:Physicians in the United States|Physicians]]’ and [[w:Pharmacies in the United States|pharmacists]]’ first and foremost [[Medical ethics|ethical]] obligation in situations of [[epidemic]], [[disaster]] or [[terrorism]] is to provide urgent medical care and ensure availability and appropriate use of necessary medications. This requires close coordination with the entire health care team to help ensure patients receive the testing, treatments, follow-up care and medications they need. We applaud the innumerable selfless acts by health care [[w:Health professional|professionals]] across the nation who are putting themselves in harm’s way to provide care to America’s patients.
** [[American Medical Association]], ''[https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/joint-statement-ordering-prescribing-or-dispensing-covid-19 Joint statement on ordering, prescribing or dispensing COVID-19 medications]'', March 25, 2020.

*It doesn’t say rest on your laurels, but to keep on pushing. In this work, sometimes you get heavy criticism. People do say ugly things, ‘You just want money.’ I just want other people to have [[health care]]. You know, [[Jesus]] healed everybody and never charged a co-pay.
**[[William Barber II]], quoted in [https://www.washingtonpost.com/religion/2018/10/05/closest-person-we-have-martin-luther-king-jr-pastor-activist-william-j-barber-wins-genius-grant/ Closest person we have to Martin Luther King Jr.: Pastor-activist William J. Barber wins $625,000 ‘genius’ grant], [[w:Washington Post|''Washington Post'']], (5 October 2018)

* With its broad sweep, the [[2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States|COVID-19 pandemic]] has forced us into an unprecedented [[w:State of emergency|national emergency]]. This emergency, however, results from a deeper and much longer term crisis — that of poverty and [[w:Inequality in the United States|inequality]], and of a [[w:Society of the United States|society]] that ignores the needs of 140 million people who are poor or a $400 emergency away from being poor. [...] We cannot return to normal. Addressing the depth of the [[crises]] that have been revealed in [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|this pandemic]] means enacting {{w|universal health care}}. [...] Before [[COVID-19]], nearly 700 people died everyday because of poverty and inequality in this country. The frontlines of this pandemic will be the poor and dispossessed - those who do not have access to healthcare [...] - and those who are continuing to work in this crisis, meeting our health care and other needs. It should not have taken a pandemic to raise these resources. In June 2019, we presented a Poor People’s Moral Budget to the [[w:United States House Committee on the Budget|House Budget Committee]], showing that we can meet these needs for this entire country. If you had taken up this Moral Budget, we would have already moved towards infusing more than $1.2 trillion into the economy to invest in health care, good jobs, living wages, housing, water and sanitation services and more. This is not the time for [[Trickle-down economics|trickle-down]] solutions. We know that when you lift from the bottom, everybody rises. There are concrete solutions to this immediate crisis and the longer term illnesses we have been battling for months, years and decades before. We will continue to organize and build [[w:Power (social and political)|power]] until you meet these demands. Many millions of us have been hurting for far too long. We will not be silent anymore.
** [[William Barber II]] and [[Liz Theoharis]], letter to President [[Donald Trump]], Vice President [[Mike Pence]] and Members of the [[w:116th United States Congress|116th Congress]], ''[https://www.poorpeoplescampaign.org/poverty-amidst-pandemic/ Poverty Amidst Pandemic: A Moral Response to COVID-19]'' (March 19, 2020), [[Poor People's Campaign: A National Call for a Moral Revival]].

* While the virus itself does not [[w:Discrimination in the United States|discriminate]], it is the poor and disenfranchised who will experience the most suffering and death. They’re the ones who are least likely to have health care. [...] We need health care to be [[w:Right to health#Human right to health care|understood as a human right]] for all of us.
** [[William Barber II]], ''[https://progressive.org/magazine/real-epidemic-poverty-barber/ The Real Epidemic is Poverty]'' (March 30, 2020), ''{{w|The Progressive}}''

* When Susan Finley developed [[w:Influenza-like illness|flu-like symptoms]], she didn’t go to the doctor because she was frightened about [[w:Health care prices in the United States|the cost]]. Finley’s grandparents later found her dead in her apartment. She was 53. Finley did not die as a result of [[Covid-19]]. She died in 2016 as a result of America’s healthcare system – a system that led her to avoid [[w:Influenza treatment|treatment for the common flu]] in order to avoid [[w:Medical debt|debt]]. It is that same system that is currently creaking under the pressure of [[w:2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States|a pandemic]] that experts warned was coming but [[w:Criticism of response to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|governments failed]] to prepare for. It is a system that does not qualify for the term “[[Developed country|developed]]”. [...] There are 2.9 [[w:List of countries by hospital beds|hospital beds]] for every 1,000 people in the United States. That’s fewer than Turkmenistan (7.4 beds per 1,000), Mongolia (7.0), Argentina (5.0) and Libya (3.7). In fact, the US ranks 69th out of 182 countries analyzed by the [[World Health Organization]]. This lack of hospital beds is forcing [[w:Physicians in the United States|doctors across the country]] to ration care under Covid-19, pushing up the number of [[w:Preventable causes of death|preventable deaths]]. America’s numbers are similarly unimpressive when it comes to medical doctors. The United States has 2.6 doctors per 1,000 people, placing it behind Trinidad & Tobago (2.7), and Russia (4.0 doctors per 1,000, for a country that is described as being “in transition”). [[w:Life expectancy|Life expectancies]] at birth are lower in the US than they are in Chile or China. The US has a higher [[w:List of countries by maternal mortality ratio|maternal mortality rate]] than Iran or Saudi Arabia.
** [[Mona Chalabi]], ''[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2020/apr/06/coronavirus-american-reaction-economy-covid-19 Coronavirus is revealing how broken America’s economy really is]'', 6 April 2020, ''[[The Guardian]]''.

* The facts are as exhaustive as they are exhausting. There’s one simple conclusion from all of this. '''We’ve been tricked. We’ve been told that America, like most other majority-white countries, deserves the title “developed economy”. It does not.''' You cannot charge a [[w:Women in the United States|woman]] $39.95 to hold the baby that she has just given birth to. You cannot constantly operate [[w:Medical centers in the United States|hospitals]] at close to capacity in order to maximize [[w:For-profit hospital|profits]]. '''The pursuit of {{w|private money}} in systems built for [[w:Public good (economics)|public good]] has not worked ethically or practically.'''
** [[Mona Chalabi]], ''[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2020/apr/06/coronavirus-american-reaction-economy-covid-19 Coronavirus is revealing how broken America’s economy really is]'', 6 April 2020, ''[[The Guardian]]''.

* I don't think I know enough to say, well, here's the plan. It's not my specialty.... But I don't think there's any way not to have that debate about how much we're going to spend on health care.... In finding our way forward, we've got to be able to find ways to deliver the quality care that everyone expects and that we're capable of providing to the maximum number of people.
**[[Dick Cheney]], [http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303365804576429792685943576.html "The Weekend Interview: The Story of Dick Cheney's Heart"], ''The Wall Street Journal'', July 9, 2011.

* The U.S.'s [[privatized]] for-profit health care system had long been an international [[scandal]], with twice the per capita expenses of [[w:Health care in the United States#Compared to other countries|other developed societies]] and some of the worst outcomes. [[Neoliberal]] doctrine struck another blow, introducing business measures of efficiency: just-on-time service with no fat in the system. Any disruption and the system collapses. This is the world that Trump inherited, the target of his battering ram.
** [[Noam Chomsky]], in an interview with C.J. Polychroniou, ''[https://truthout.org/articles/chomsky-ventilator-shortage-exposes-the-cruelty-of-neoliberal-capitalism/ Chomsky: Ventilator Shortage Exposes the Cruelty of Neoliberal Capitalism]'' (April 1, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* Sarah Kliff spent the last year looking at over 1000 ER bills and has found outrageous facility fees, high costs for OTC drugs, and charges for simply sitting in the waiting room. Medicare for All would take these excess costs out of the equation...
** [[Ro Khanna]] in a [https://twitter.com/RoKhanna/status/1078738102703788042 ''Twitter post''] (28 December 2018)

* Our demand for Medicare for All must be stronger than Big Pharma [[lobbyists]].
** [[Ro Khanna]] in a [https://twitter.com/RoKhanna/status/1078674235495796736 ''Twitter post''] (28 December 2018)

* Of all the forms of [[inequality]], [[injustice]] in healthcare is the most shocking and [[inhumane]].
** [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]], ''Speech to the Second National Convention of the Medical Committee for Human Rights'' – Chicago (25 March 1966), as quoted in Dan Munro, [http://www.forbes.com/sites/danmunro/2013/08/28/americas-forgotten-civil-right-healthcare/ "America's Forgotten Civil Right - Healthcare"], ''Forbes'' (28 August 2013). See also: [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/amanda-moore/martin-luther-king-health-care_b_2506393.html Amanda Moore, "Tracking Down Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Words on Health Care", ''Huffington Post'' (18 August 2013)]

* Criticism should not be focused on [[Nazism|Nazi]] Germany alone but extend beyond to include [[physicians]] in [[Democracy|democratic]] countries, as well. Physicians outside [[Germany]] before [[World War Two|the war]], in the [[United States]] in particular were well [[aware]] of the [[evolving]] [[Racism|racist]] thrust of the health care system. They [[chose]] to remain [[silent]].
** William E. Seidelman (1992). Quoted in, ''The War Against Children of Color: Psychiatry Targets Inner-City Youth'' (1998), [[w:Peter Breggin|Peter R. Breggin]], M.D., Common Courage Press, Monroe, Maine, {{ISBN|1567511279}} {{ISBN|1567511260 }}( 2002 ed., {{ISBN|1567511260}} {{ISBN|9781567511260 }} ch. 7, ''Condemned by Science: The Role of Psychiatry in the [[Holocaust]]'', p. 124. [https://books.google.com/books?id=2MdsAAAAMAAJ&q=%22criticism+should+not+be+focused+on+Nazi+Germany+alone+but+extend%22&dq=%22criticism+should+not+be+focused+on+Nazi+Germany+alone+but+extend%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=_NAyVe-2LYW6ggTLpYCYDA&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA]

*[[America]]'s health care system is second only to [[Japan]] … [[Canada]], [[Sweden]], [[Great Britain]] … well, all of [[Europe]]. But you can [[thank]] your [[lucky]] [[stars]] we don't live in [[Paraguay]]!
** [[Homer Simpson]] in [[The Simpsons/Season 4|''The Simpsons'', Season 4]], episode 11: "[[w:Homer's Triple Bypass|Homer's Triple Bypass]]", written by {{w|Gary Apple}} and [[w:Michael Carrington (voice actor)|Michael Carrington]].

* The crisis of public {{w|healthcare systems}} has long been a widespread demand in several countries, particularly in the U.S. Surveys showed that even before [[w:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|this crisis]], [[w:Health care in the United States|healthcare]] was among the main concerns of the [[w:Demographics of the United States|U.S. population]] because of [[w:Medical debt#United States|the debt]] it generates for [[w:Family structure in the United States|families]] and because 27.5 million people do not have any kind of coverage. [[Bernie Sanders]] has been attacked, not only by [[Donald Trump|Trump]] but also by the Democrats and [[Joe Biden|Biden]], because he calls for [[w:Single-payer healthcare#United States|Medicare for All]]. '''All healthcare systems are organized around the profits of [[Big business|big corporations]].
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!]'' (March 14, 2020), ''Left Voice''.

== External links ==
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Commons category|Healthcare in the United States}}
* [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/ National Center for Health Statistics] from {{w|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention}} ([[CDC]])
* [http://www.cms.hhs.gov/NationalHealthExpendData/01_Overview.asp National Health Expenditure Data (U.S.)] from {{w|United States Department of Health and Human Services}} (DHHS)
* [http://www.who.int/countries/usa/en/ United States] profile from the [[World Health Organization]]

[[Category:Health in the United States]]
[[Category:Health care]]

COVID-19 pandemic

2020-10-19T15:42:57Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880564 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

The '''{{w|COVID-19 pandemic}}''' is an ongoing [[pandemic]] of [[coronavirus disease 2019]] (COVID-19), caused by [[severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]] (SARS-CoV-2). This disease was declared a [[pandemic]] by the [[World Health Organization]] on 11 March 2020.
[[File:Vis2.jpg|thumb|[[Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]] (SARS-CoV-2)]]
[[File:Lee Camp, Rosario Dawson & Mark Bartlett (27878598131) (Lee Camp cropped).jpg|thumb|The pandemic shutdown has shown us the problem. It has revealed what the world looks like without as much pollution, without the chaos and roar of mostly meaningless "work" performed by the exploited, using materials stolen from the abused, for the benefit of the pampered and oblivious. Another world is possible, and we've just gotten a glimpse of it. ~[[Lee Camp]]]]
[[File:George Monbiot Scotland.jpg|thumb|This could be the moment when we begin to see ourselves, once more, as governed by biology and physics, and dependent on a habitable planet. Never again should we listen to the liars and the deniers. Never again should we allow a comforting falsehood to trounce a painful truth. No longer can we afford to be dominated by those who put money ahead of life. ~[[George Monbiot]]]]
[[File:Fernando Simon (cropped).jpg|thumb|We believe that Spain will not have, at most, beyond a diagnosed case. Hopefully there will be no local transmission. If there is, it will be very limited and very controlled. ~[[Fernando Simon Soria]]]]

__NOTOC__
{{TOCalpha}}
==A==
*"...developed countries are as naïve as developing countries in facing this crisis. One distinct feature of Asia Pacific and South Asia is high population and high population density, which makes them harder to manage..."
**Dr {{w|Shamshad Akhtar}}, as quoted in [https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/651894-developed-developing-countries-equally-naive-to-face-covid-19-crisis " 'Developed, developing countries equally naïve to face COVID-19 crisis' "] (30 April 2020) by Rasheed Khalid, ''{{w|The News International}}''

* و وباء #كورونا يجتاح العالم مهددا للبشريةندعو مجلس الأمن والأمين العام للأمم المتحدة انتونيو غوتيرش @antoniojuterres لايقاف القوى المعتدية عن عدوانها على الشعب اليمني وفك الحصار عليه فالوباء ينتشر بكافة أنحاء العالم ويجب أن تنعم شعوب العالم بالسلام وتتمكن من مكافحة الوباء الخطير
** As Coronavirus has invaded the world and is threatening humanity, we ask [[w:United Nations Security Council|UN security council]] and also the [[w:Secretary-General of the United Nations|UN secretary general]] [[António Guterres|Antonio Guterres]] to stop aggressive forces from attacking Yemeni people and end [[w:Yemeni Civil War (2015–present)|the siege of the country]]. The virus is spreading all over the world and nations of the world should have peace to fight with this dangerous virus.
*** [[Mohammed Ali al-Houthi]], [https://twitter.com/Moh_Alhouthi/status/1242028208490414080?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw on a Twitter post] (23 March 2020). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/mar/23/coronavirus-live-updates-uk-us-italy-germany-europe-outbreak-cases-meetings-bans-update-latest-news?page=with:block-5e78dedd8f08e46329cb44ff#block-5e78dedd8f08e46329cb44ff Translated] by ''[[The Guardian]]''

==B==

*You know, one of the things that continues to bother us in the way in which the moderators don’t even bring up an issue that, before COVID-19, was impacting 43% of this nation. A hundred forty million people, before COVID, were poor and low-wealth, and 62 million people working for less than a living wage. And since COVID, we know that millions have been added to the poverty and low-wealth numbers. We’re well over 50% because of the new poor. We know we had 87 million people before COVID that were either uninsured or underinsured, and now some 20 million people have been added because of people who have lost their insurance because they’ve lost their jobs. Forty percent of the jobs that make $40,000 a year have been lost.
**[[Rev. William Barber II]] quoted in [https://www.democracynow.org/2020/10/8/mike_pence_kamala_harris_vp_debate Rev. William Barber: Millions Are Struggling. So Why Do the Debates Ignore Poverty?, ''DemocracyNow''], (8 October 2020)

*We have to stop saying things were well before COVID. It’s almost as though we give that away to the Trump and Pence. The reality is, Wall Street was well. The reality is, those who got his tax cuts were well. The reality is, though, that before COVID, they were trying to overturn healthcare. Before COVID, they were blocking living wages. Before COVID, we were not addressing the issue of poor and low-wealth people.
**[[Rev. William Barber II]] quoted in [https://www.democracynow.org/2020/10/8/mike_pence_kamala_harris_vp_debate Rev. William Barber: Millions Are Struggling. So Why Do the Debates Ignore Poverty?, ''DemocracyNow''], (8 October 2020)

*When we look at COVID-19, we know that the fissures of systemic racism and systemic poverty have actually allowed this pandemic to have a greater hold on our American society. We know that when we talk about death, we have to be exact, that it’s not just people are dying, poor people are dying. People who make less than $50,000 a year are dying. People are dying who are among the poor, whether it be white, Black —disproportionately among Black and Brown and Indigenous people, and that COVID has killed more people in the U.S. than Americans were killed in battle in five of our most recent wars — Korea, Vietnam, Iraq, the War in Afghanistan and the Persian Gulf War. I mean, this is what we’re talking about when we’re talking about this devastation that’s happening among poor and low-wealth people.
**[[Rev. William Barber II]] quoted in [https://www.democracynow.org/2020/10/8/mike_pence_kamala_harris_vp_debate Rev. William Barber: Millions Are Struggling. So Why Do the Debates Ignore Poverty?, ''DemocracyNow''], (8 October 2020)

* It is these very conditions that facilitate the emergence of new infectious diseases and that also inflict horrific harms on animals — being kept in confined conditions and then butchered. Simply put, the coronavirus pandemic is a result of our gross maltreatment of animals.
** [[David Benatar]], [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/13/opinion/animal-cruelty-coronavirus.html "Our Cruel Treatment of Animals Led to the Coronavirus"] (13 April 2020), ''{{w|The New York Times}}''

* Like humans, pathogens do not respect species boundaries. Overall, nearly eight billion people, many with advanced technologies and rapacious appetites, are tearing ecosystems apart and within these ecosystems live millions of different kinds of viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens. As {{w|Sonia Shah}} observes in her book ''Pandemic'', society operates with an erroneous paradigm of disease, treating diseases as foreign invaders into our territory (a mentality she describes as “microbial xenophobia”), when in fact we are the invading species encroaching on the habitat and communities of animals and ecosystems. It is wrong to say that these diseases are happening to us, rather they are the unintended results of what we are doing to the natural world. Speculations about accidental laboratory origins of outbreaks and COVID-19 conspiracy plots of bioterrorism draw attention away from actual systemic structures and dynamics of human exploitation of nature, especially as driven by the growth-addicted world system of [[capitalism]]. Hardly unexpected or accidental, viral outbreaks are the inevitable consequences of human growth and expansion. All too often, we are the causes, not effects, the culprits, not victims, of pandemic-inducing pathogens.
** [[Steven Best]], [https://drstevebest.wordpress.com/2020/05/21/how-to-destroy-civilization-covid-19-and-the-exploitation-of-animals-and-the-earth/ "How To Destroy Civilization: COVID-19 and the Exploitation of Animals and the Earth"] (23 June 2020)

*When the [[w:United Nations Security Council|UN security council]] and the [[w:Group of Seven|G7 group]] sought to agree a global response to the coronavirus pandemic, the efforts stumbled on the US insistence on describing the threat as distinctively Chinese... the focus on labelling the virus Chinese and blaming [[COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China|China]] pursued by the US secretary of state, [[Mike Pompeo]], helped ensure there would be no meaningful collective response from the world's most powerful nations... For some US allies, the fixation on words at a time when the international order was arguably facing its greatest challenge since the [[World War II|second world war]] encapsulated the glaring absence of US leadership. And that absence was illustrated just as vividly by news coverage of planes full of medical supplies from China arriving in Italy, at a time when the US was quietly flying in half a million Italian-made diagnostic swabs for use in its own under-equipped health system and [[Donald Trump]] was on the phone to the [[Moon Jae-in|South Korean president]] pressing him to send [[COVID-19 testing|test kits]].
** [[Julian Borger]], ''[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/29/us-awol-from-world-stage-as-china-tries-on-global-leadership-for-size "US awol from world stage as China tries on global leadership for size]'' (29 March 2020), ''[[The Guardian]]''

==C==
*This pandemic is not just a crisis, it's also a gift. It allows us the oxygen to notice the things we've been ignoring were the truly essential: – Learning and creating – Enjoying clean water, clean air, clean food, and making sure every human has that right – Forming a world that will last longer than an [[w:NFL regular season|NFL season]] – Spending a lot of time with your beautiful family (or a little time with an unsightly one) Point is — the stuff that truly matters is the stuff we were completely ignoring, blithely pushing it to the back of our minds as our planet is eaten for corporate profit. But now, during "life on hold" the natural world reclaims spaces. Beaches around the globe teem with millions of birds and wildlife, no longer flooded by undulating masses of fleshy apes with our frisbees, and snorkels, and beer coolers and entitlement.
**[[Lee Camp]], [https://consortiumnews.com/2020/04/23/lee-camp-pandemic-is-not-just-a-crisis-its-also-a-gift/ "Lee Camp: Pandemic is Not Just a Crisis, It's Also a Gift"] (23 April 2020), ''Consortium News''

*Like [[cancer]], [[capitalism]] grows until it murders the host body. During this pandemic shutdown, it's not getting the growth it needs and parts of it are becoming benign... For years...we've been lost in the frenetic pace of lives based on non-events, never pausing to reassess or recess. The spastic motion of avoidance filled the ether — afraid if we stop to truly think about it, we may find our scant few years of [[consciousness]] are pissed away as slaves at often meaningless jobs. They, the pustulant corporate owners, suck away our lives... And now, with life on holiday, we see almost none of it was essential... As our planet disintegrates under the weight of consumption and greed, most people are trapped in extreme poverty. And that's how the system of capitalism is designed. Slightly altering capitalism will not change this reality... If we take away the false promises of capitalism and just say to people, "Private luxury is only for a few humans. You will never have it and won't even have the chance at getting it" – if we admit that – then the entire justification for capitalism evaporates... The pandemic shutdown has shown us the problem. It has revealed what the world looks like without as much pollution, without the chaos and roar of mostly meaningless "work" performed by the exploited, using materials stolen from the abused, for the benefit of the pampered and oblivious. Another world is possible, and we've just gotten a glimpse of it.
**[[Lee Camp]], [https://consortiumnews.com/2020/04/23/lee-camp-pandemic-is-not-just-a-crisis-its-also-a-gift/ "Lee Camp: Pandemic is Not Just a Crisis, It's Also a Gift"] (23 April 2020), ''Consortium News''

*The [[Coronavirus]] is serious enough but it's worth recalling that there is a much greater horror approaching, we are racing to the edge of disaster, far worse than anything that's ever happened in human history... the corona virus is a horrible... can have terrifying consequences but there will be recovery, while the others won't be recovered... If we don't deal with them we're done.
**[[Noam Chomsky]]: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-N3In2rLI4 Coronavirus - What is at stake?] | [[W:Democracy in Europe Movement 2025|''Democracy in Europe Movement 2025'' (DiEM25) ]] 28 Mar 2020

* The scale of the plague is surprising, indeed shocking, but not its appearance. Nor the fact that [[2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States|the U.S.]] has the worst record in [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States#Government responses|responding]] to the [[w:Health crisis|crisis]]. Scientists have been warning of a pandemic for years, insistently so since the [[w:2002–2004 SARS outbreak|SARS epidemic]] of 2003, also caused by a {{w|coronavirus}}, for which [[w:Severe acute respiratory syndrome#Vaccine|vaccines]] were [[w:Economics of vaccines|developed]] but did not proceed beyond the pre-clinical level. That was the time to begin to put in place [[w:Rapid response system|rapid-response systems]] in [[w:Crisis management#Preparation and prevention|preparation]] for an outbreak and to set aside spare capacity that would be needed. Initiatives could also have been undertaken to develop defenses and modes of treatment for a likely recurrence with a related virus. But scientific understanding is not enough. There has to be someone to pick up the ball and run with it. That option was barred by the pathology of the contemporary {{w|socioeconomic}} [[Social order|order]]. [[Market]] signals were clear: There’s no [[profit]] in preventing a future [[catastrophe]].
** [[Noam Chomsky]] in an interview with C.J. Polychroniou, ''[https://truthout.org/articles/chomsky-ventilator-shortage-exposes-the-cruelty-of-neoliberal-capitalism/ Chomsky: Ventilator Shortage Exposes the Cruelty of Neoliberal Capitalism]'' (April 1, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* There will be recovery from the COVID-19 crisis, at severe and possibly horrendous [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic|cost]], particularly for [[w:Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic#Coronavirus and inequality|the poor and more vulnerable]].
** [[Noam Chomsky]] in an interview with C.J. Polychroniou, ''[https://truthout.org/articles/chomsky-ventilator-shortage-exposes-the-cruelty-of-neoliberal-capitalism/ Chomsky: Ventilator Shortage Exposes the Cruelty of Neoliberal Capitalism]'' (April 1, 2020), ''{{w|Truthout}}''

* Put your hand on that television set. Hallelujah. Thank you, Lord [[Jesus]]. He received your healing. Now say it: "I take it. I have it. It's mine. I thank you and praise you for it. [...] I consider not symptoms in my own body, but only that which [[God]] has promised. Only that what the Word has said. And by His stripes, I was healed. And by His stripes, I am healed now. I am not the sick trying to get healed. I am the healed, and the [[Devil]] is trying to give me the flu!"
** {{w|Kenneth Copeland}}, {{#formatdate:2020-03-12}}, quoted in {{citation |title=A controversial televangelist actually attempted to heal people with coronavirus through their televisions |author=Greg Evans |periodical=indy100 |url=https://www.indy100.com/article/coronavirus-televangelist-kenneth-copeland-heal-watch-video-9397886}}

==G==
*The most commonly reported [[mainstream media]] account of the creation of the Coronavirus suggests that it was derived from an animal borne microorganism... But there appears to be some evidence to dispute that... Because of that and other factors, there has also been considerable speculation that the Coronavirus did not occur naturally through mutation but rather was produced in a laboratory, possibly as a [[w:biological warfare|biological warfare agent.]] Several reports suggest that there are components of the virus that are related to [[HIV/AIDS|HIV]] that could not have occurred naturally. If it is correct that the virus had either been developed or even produced to be weaponized it would further suggest that its escape from the [[w:Wuhan Institute of Virology|Wuhan Institute of Virology Lab]] and into the animal and human population could have been accidental. Technicians who work in such environments are aware that "leaks" from laboratories occur frequently.
**[[Philip Giraldi]], [https://councilforthenationalinterest.org/?p=5230 "Who Made Coronavirus? Was It the U.S., Israel or China Itself?"] (6 March 2020), ''{{w|Council for the National Interest}}''

*There is, of course and inevitably, another theory. There has been some speculation that as the Trump Administration has been constantly raising the issue of growing Chinese global competitiveness as a direct threat to American national security and economic dominance, it must might be possible that Washington has created and unleashed the virus in a bid to bring Beijing's growing economy and military might down a few notches. It is, to be sure, hard to believe that even the Trump White House would do something so reckless, but there are precedents for that type of behavior.
**[[Philip Giraldi]], [https://councilforthenationalinterest.org/?p=5230 "Who Made Coronavirus? Was It the U.S., Israel or China Itself?"] (6 March 2020), ''{{w|Council for the National Interest}}''

* [A] pandemic thrives on human [[inequities]] and it is inextricable from the society, economy, knowledge, and politics of human existence. During any [[w:Disease outbreak|infection outbreak]] such as COVID–19, it is the [[poorer]] and weaker fractions of a society that remain [[w:Health equity|disproportionately affected]] and ultimately bear an additional burden of early death.
** Surya Gupta and [[Armin Rosencranz]], [https://www.jurist.org/commentary/2020/05/gupta-rosencranz-india-sustainable-dev-goals-covid19/ "COVID-19, the Government’s Response, and India’s Sustainable Development Goals"] (22 May 2020), edited by Tim Zubizarreta, ''{{w|JURIST}}''

==H==
* The arrival of the [[COVID-19]] pandemic in early 2020, unfolding around the world as I write these words, will likely be remembered as an epochal shift. In this extended winter, [[Travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic|as borders close]], as {{w|lockdown}}s and {{w|quarantines}} multiply, as people [[w:COVID-19 pandemic#Deaths|succumb]] and recover, there is a strong sense that, when the spring finally arrives we will awaken in a drastically changed landscape.
** [[Max Haiven]], [https://roarmag.org/essays/no-return-to-normal-for-a-post-pandemic-liberation/ "No return to normal: for a post-pandemic liberation"] (23 March 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* Those of us now in [[w:Isolation (health care)|isolation]], in spite of our fear and frustrations, in spite of our grief ⁠— for those who have died or may die, for the life we once lived, for the future we once hoped for ⁠— there is also a sense we are cocooned, transforming, waiting, dreaming. True: Terrors stalk the global landscape, notably the way the virus ⁠— or our countermeasures ⁠— will endanger those among us whom we, as a society, have already abandoned or devalued. So many of us are already disposable. So many of us are only learning it now, too late. Then there is the dangerous blurring of the line between [[humanitarian]] and [[authoritarian]] measures. There is the geopolitical weaponization of the pandemic. But when the Spring comes, as it must, when we emerge from hibernation, it might be a time of profound global struggle against both the drive to "return [[Status quo|to normal]]" ⁠— the same normal that set the stage for this tragedy ⁠— and the "new normal" which might be even worse. Let us prepare as best we can, for we have a world to win.
** [[Max Haiven]], [https://roarmag.org/essays/no-return-to-normal-for-a-post-pandemic-liberation/ "No return to normal: for a post-pandemic liberation"] (23 March 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* After months of chaos, isolation and fear, the desire to return to normal, even if normal is an [[w:Structural abuse|abusive system]], may be extremely strong. The stage is set for this desire to be accompanied by a frantic {{w|revanchism}}. Will we want someone to blame, especially those of us who lose loved ones? Must there be blood, figurative or literal?: a baptism by fire so that the old order ⁠— which, of course, created the conditions of [[austerity]] and [[inequality]] that made this plague so devastating⁠ — can be reborn in purified form. Of course, things will never be "normal" again: some of us, the [[w:Social privilege|privileged]] and wealthy, may be afforded the illusion, but this illusion is likely to be carried on the backs of the vast majority who will work harder, longer and for less, suffer greater risks and fewer rewards. The [[debts]] of the pandemic, literal and figurative, will have to be repaid. On the other hand ⁠— or maybe at the same time ⁠— we can also expect that, among [[Elite|the powerful]] and among the rest of us, there will be calls to reject the "return to normal," but in order to embrace something even worse. It is likely that the chaos and deaths of the pandemic will be blamed on too much [[democracy]], [[liberalism]] and [[empathy]]. Now that states are flexing their muscles and [[Totalitarianism|taking full command]] of [[society]], there will be many who do not want the sleeve to be rolled back down. We may yet see, in this crisis, the use of [[w:Political repression|repressive]] force on {{w|civilian}}s ⁠— as it is already being used on [[Immigration#Discrimination|migrants]] and [[w:Prisoner abuse|incarcerated people]] ⁠— and I fear that it will be seen by many as justified, a {{w|human sacrifice}} to feed the Gods of [[w:Culture of fear#In politics|fear]]. In the wake of the pandemic we can be sure that [[fascists]] and {{w|reactionaries}} will seek to mobilize tropes of ⁠— racial, national, economic ⁠— purity, purification, parasitism, and pollution to impose their long-festering dreams on reality.
** [[Max Haiven]], [https://roarmag.org/essays/no-return-to-normal-for-a-post-pandemic-liberation/ "No return to normal: for a post-pandemic liberation"] (23 March 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* Against all these fateful outcomes there will be those among us who refuse to return to normal, or to embrace the "new normal," those of us who know that "the trouble with normal is it only gets worse." Already, in the {{w|state of emergency}} that the crisis has unleashed, we are seeing extraordinary measures emerge that reveal that much of the [[neoliberal]] regime's claims to necessity and austerity were transparent lies. The God-like market has fallen, again. In different places a variety of measures are being introduced that would have been unimaginable even weeks ago. These have included the suspension of rents and mortgages, the free provision of public transit, the deployment of basic incomes, a hiatus in debt payments, the commandeering of privatized hospitals and other once-public infrastructure for the public good, the liberation of incarcerated people, and governments compelling private industries to reorient production to common needs. We hear news of significant numbers of people [[refusing to work]], taking [[w:Wildcat strike action|wildcat labor action]], and demanding their right to live in [[w:Radical politics|radical]] ways. In some places, the underhoused are [[w:Squatting|seizing vacant homes]]. We are discovering, against the upside-down capitalist value paradigm which has enriched the few at the expense of the many, whose labor is truly valuable: care, service, and frontline public sector workers. There has been a proliferation of [[Grassroots movement|grassroots]] radical demands for policies of care and [[solidarity]] not only as emergency measures, but in perpetuity.
** [[Max Haiven]], [https://roarmag.org/essays/no-return-to-normal-for-a-post-pandemic-liberation/ "No return to normal: for a post-pandemic liberation"] (23 March 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* Meanwhile, the quarantined and semi-isolated are discovering, [[w:Internet activism|using digital tools]], new ways to mobilize to provide care and [[Mutual aid (organization theory)|mutual aid]] to those in our communities in need. We are slowly recovering our lost powers of life in common, hidden in plain sight, our secret inheritance. We are learning again to become a [[Cooperation|cooperative]] species, shedding the claustrophobic skin of {{w|homo oeconomicus}}. In the suspension of a capitalist order of competition, distrust and endless, pointless hustle, our ingenuity and [[compassion]] are resurfacing like the birds to the smog-free sky. When the Spring arrives, the struggle will be to preserve, enhance, network and organize this ingenuity and compassion to demand no return to normal and no new normal. [...] We have learned how to bring a capitalist economy to its knees through [[non-violent protest]] in the face of overwhelming, technologically augmented oppression. We are learning how to become ungovernable by either states or markets. Equally important, we have learned new ways to care for one another without waiting for the state or for [[authorities]]. We are rediscovering the power of mutual aid and solidarity. We are learning how to communicate and cooperate anew. We have learned how to organize and to respond quickly, how to make collective decisions and to take responsibility for our fate. Like the heroes of all good epics, we are not ready, our training was not completed, yet fate will not wait. Like all true heroes, we must make do with what we have: one another and nothing else. As the world closes its eyes for this strange, dreamlike quarantine ⁠— save of course for those frontline health, service and care workers who, in the service of humanity, cannot rest, or those who have no safe place to dream ⁠— we must make ready for the waking. We are on the cusp of a great refusal of a return to normal and of a new normal, a vengeful normalcy that brought us this catastrophe and that will only lead to more catastrophe. In the weeks to come, it will be time to mourn and to dream, to prepare, to learn, and to connect as best we can. When the isolation is over, we will awaken to a world where competing regimes of vindictive normalization will be at war with one another, a time of profound danger and opportunity. It will be a time to rise and to look one another in the eye.
** [[Max Haiven]], [https://roarmag.org/essays/no-return-to-normal-for-a-post-pandemic-liberation/ "No return to normal: for a post-pandemic liberation"] (23 March 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* In the face of the COVID-19 tsunami, our lives are changing in ways that were inconceivable just a few short weeks ago. Not since the [[Financial crisis of 2007–08|2008–9 economic collapse]] has the world collectively shared an experience of this kind: a single, rapidly mutating global [[crisis]], structuring the rhythm of our daily lives within a complex calculus of risk and competing probabilities. In response, numerous [[social movements]] have put forward demands that take seriously the potentially disastrous [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics|consequences]] of the virus, while also tackling [[w:National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic|the incapacity]] of [[capitalist]] governments to adequately [[w:Crisis management|address the crisis]] itself. These demands include questions of [[w:Workplace safety|worker safety]], the necessity of [[w:Community organizing|neighborhood-level organizing]], {{w|income}} and [[social security]], the [[w:Labor rights|rights]] of those on {{w|zero-hour contract}}s or in [[w:Precarious work|precarious employment]], and the need to protect renters and those living in [[poverty]].
** [[Adam Hanieh]], [https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such "This is a Global Pandemic – Let's Treat it as Such"] (27 March 2020), ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* In this sense, the COVID-19 crisis has sharply underscored the irrational nature of [[health care]] systems [[w:Healthcare industry|structured]] around [[Corporation|corporate]] [[profit]] — the almost universal cutbacks to {{w|public hospital}} staffing and infrastructure (including [[w:Intensive care unit|critical care beds]] and {{w|ventilator}}s), the lack of {{w|public health}} provision and the prohibitive cost of access to medical services in many countries, and the ways in which the [[w:Property rights (economics)|property rights]] of [[pharmaceutical companies]] serve to restrict widespread access to potential therapeutic treatments and the [[w:Vaccine#Economics of development|development of vaccines]]. However, the global dimensions of COVID-19 have figured less prominently in much of the left discussion. [...] Even inside [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Europe|Europe]] there is extreme unevenness in the capacity of states to deal with this crisis — as the juxtaposition of [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Germany|Germany]] and [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Greece|Greece]] illustrates — but a much greater disaster is about to envelop the rest of the world. In response, our perspective on this pandemic must become truly global, based on an understanding of how the {{w|public health}} aspects of this virus intersect with larger questions of [[w:Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic|political economy]] (including the likelihood of a prolonged and severe [[w:Coronavirus recession|global economic downturn]]). This is not the time to pull up the (national) hatches and speak simply of the fight against the virus inside our own borders.
** [[Adam Hanieh]], [https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such "This is a Global Pandemic – Let's Treat it as Such"] (27 March 2020), ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* As with all so-called [[humanitarian crises]], it is essential to remember that the social conditions found across most of the countries of the South are the direct product of how these states are inserted into the [[hierarchies]] of the {{w|world market}}. Historically, this included a long encounter with [[w:Western world|Western]] [[colonialism]], which has continued, [[Neocolonialism|into contemporary times]], with the subordination of [[Developing country|poorer countries]] to the interests of the world's [[Developed country|wealthiest states]] and largest [[transnational corporations]]. [...] Foregrounding these historical and global dimensions helps make clear that the enormous scale of the current crisis is not simply a question of [[w:Virology|viral]] {{w|epidemiology}} and a lack of {{w|biological resistance}} to a {{w|novel pathogen}}. The ways that most people across [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Africa|Africa]], Latin America, the Middle East, and [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Asia|Asia]] will experience the coming pandemic is a direct consequence of a [[global economy]] systemically [[w:Exploitation colonialism|structured around]] the [[w:Exploitation of natural resources|exploitation of the resources]] and [[w:Exploitation of labour|peoples]] of the South. In this sense, the pandemic is very much a social and [[w:Anthropogenic hazard|human-made disaster]] — not simply a calamity arising from natural or biological causes. One clear example of how this disaster is human-made is the poor state of public {{w|health system}}s across most countries in the South, which tend to be underfunded and [[Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic|lacking]] in adequate medicines, equipment, and staff. This is particularly significant for understanding the threat presented by COVID-19 due to the rapid and very large surge in serious and critical cases that typically require hospital admission as a result of the virus (currently estimated at around 15–20 percent of confirmed [[w:COVID-19 pandemic#Cases|cases]]). This fact is now widely discussed in the context of Europe and the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|United States]], and lies behind the strategy of "[[w:Flatten the curve|flattening the curve]]" in order to alleviate the pressure on hospital [[w:Intensive care unit|critical care capacity]].
** [[Adam Hanieh]], [https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such "This is a Global Pandemic – Let's Treat it as Such"] (27 March 2020), ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* Yet, while we rightly point to the [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Intensive care beds|lack of ICU beds]], [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Mechanical ventilation|ventilators]], and trained medical staff across many Western states, we must recognize that the situation in most of the rest of the world is immeasurably worse. [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi|Malawi]], for example, has about 25 ICU beds for a population of 17 million people. There are less than 2.8 critical care beds per 100,000 people on average across [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in South Asia|South Asia]], with [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh|Bangladesh]] possessing around 1,100 such beds for a population of over 157 million (0.7 critical care beds per 100,000 people). In comparison, the shocking pictures coming out of [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Italy|Italy]] are occurring in an advanced [[health care]] system with an average 12.5 ICU beds per 100,000 (and the ability to bring more online). The situation is so serious that many [[poorer countries]] do not even have information on ICU availability. [...] Of course, the question of ICU and [[w:List of countries by hospital beds|hospital capacity]] is one part of a much larger set of issues including a widespread lack of basic resources (e.g., clean water, food, and electricity), adequate access to primary medical care, and the presence of other {{w|comorbidities}} (such as high rates of [[HIV]] and [[tuberculosis]]). Taken as a whole, all of these factors will undoubtedly mean a vastly higher prevalence of critically ill patients (and hence overall fatalities) across poorer countries as a result of COVID-19.
** [[Adam Hanieh]], [https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such "This is a Global Pandemic – Let's Treat it as Such"] (27 March 2020), ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* Debates around how best to respond to COVID-19 in Europe and the United States have illustrated the mutually reinforcing relationship between effective public health measures and conditions of labor, [[precarity]], and poverty. Calls for people to [[w:COVID-19 pandemic#Self-isolation|self-isolate]] when sick — or the enforcement of longer periods of mandatory [[w:COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns|lockdowns]] — are economically impossible for the many people who cannot easily shift their [[w:Telecommuting|work online]], or those in the service sector who work in {{w|zero-hour contracts}} or other kinds of [[temporary employment]]. Recognizing the fundamental consequences of these work patterns for public health, many European governments have announced sweeping promises around compensation for those made [[w:Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic#Unemployment|unemployed]] or forced to stay at home during this crisis. It remains to be seen how effective these schemes will be, and to what degree they will actually meet the needs of the very large numbers of people who will lose their jobs as a result of the crisis. Nonetheless, we must recognize that such schemes will simply not exist for most of the world's population. In countries where the majority of the labor force is engaged in {{w|informal work}} or depends upon unpredictable daily wages — much of the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and Asia — there is no feasible way that people can choose [[w:Social distancing measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic|to stay home or self-isolate]]. This must be viewed alongside the fact that there will almost certainly be very large increases in the "{{w|working poor}}" as a direct result of the crisis.
** [[Adam Hanieh]], [https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such "This is a Global Pandemic – Let's Treat it as Such"] (27 March 2020), ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* Without the mitigation effects offered through {{w|quarantine}} and isolation, the actual progress of the disease in the rest of the world will certainly be much more devastating than the harrowing scenes witnessed to date in China, Europe, and the United States. Moreover, workers involved in informal and precarious labor often live in slums and {{w|overcrowded}} housing — ideal conditions for the explosive spread of the virus. [...] Similarly disastrous scenarios face the many millions of people currently displaced through war and conflict. The Middle East, for example, is the site of the largest {{w|forced displacement}} since the [[w:World War II evacuation and expulsion|Second World War]], with [[w:Refugee crisis|massive numbers of refugees]] and [[w:Internally displaced person|internally displaced people]] as a result of the ongoing wars in countries such as [[w:Syrian civil war|Syria]], [[w:Yemeni Civil War (2015–present)|Yemen]], [[w:Libyan Civil War (2014–present)|Libya]], and [[w:Iraqi insurgency (2017–present)|Iraq]]. Most of these people live in {{w|refugee camps}} or overcrowded urban spaces, and often lack the rudimentary {{w|rights to health care}} typically associated with [[citizenship]]. The widespread prevalence of {{w|malnutrition}} and other diseases (such as the [[w:2016–2020 Yemen cholera outbreak|reappearance of cholera in Yemen]]) make these displaced communities particularly susceptible to the virus itself.
** [[Adam Hanieh]], [https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such "This is a Global Pandemic – Let's Treat it as Such"] (27 March 2020), ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* One microcosm of this can be seen in the [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in the State of Palestine|Gaza Strip]], where over 70 percent of the [[w: Demographics of the Gaza Strip|population]] are [[w:Palestinian refugees|refugees]] living in one of the most [[w:Population density|densely]] packed areas in the world. The first two cases of COVID-19 were identified in [[Gaza]] on March 20 (a lack of testing equipment, however, has meant that only 92 people out of the 2-million-strong population have been tested for the virus). Reeling from thirteen years of [[w:Blockade of the Gaza Strip|Israeli siege]] and the systematic destruction of essential infrastructure, living conditions in the Strip are marked by {{w|extreme poverty}}, poor [[w:Water supply and sanitation in the State of Palestine|sanitation]], and a chronic lack of drugs and medical equipment (there are, for example, only sixty-two ventilators in Gaza, and just fifteen of these are currently available for use). Under blockade and closure for most of the past decade, Gaza has been shut to the world long before the current pandemic. The region could be the proverbial canary in the COVID-19 coalmine — foreshadowing the future path of the infection among refugee communities across the Middle East and elsewhere.
** [[Adam Hanieh]], [https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such "This is a Global Pandemic – Let's Treat it as Such"] (27 March 2020), ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* It is not enough to speak of [[solidarity]] and mutual {{w|self-help}} in our own neighborhoods, communities, and within our {{w|national borders}} — without raising the much greater threat that this virus presents to the rest of the world. Of course, [[w:Extreme poverty|high levels of poverty]], [[w:Precarious work|precarious conditions of labor]] and [[w:Housing inequality|housing]], and a lack of adequate health infrastructure also threaten the ability of populations across Europe and the United States to mitigate this infection. But [[grassroots]] campaigns in the South are building coalitions that tackle these issues in interesting and [[internationalist]] ways. Without a global orientation, we risk reinforcing the ways that the virus has seamlessly fed into the discursive political rhetoric of {{w|nativist}} and [[xenophobic]] movements — a politics deeply seeped in [[authoritarianism]], an obsession with {{w|border control}}s, and a "[[Isolationism|my country first]]" [[Nationalism|national]] [[patriotism]].
** [[Adam Hanieh]], [https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such "This is a Global Pandemic – Let's Treat it as Such"] (27 March 2020), ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* As the coronavirus epidemic stretches on, working people are facing [[2020 stock market crash|an economic collapse]], the likes of which have not been seen since the [[Great Depression]]. Organizing to fight for an immediate ban on all layoffs has to be an essential part of any program to protect the [[working class]] and to make the capitalist's pay for their crisis.
** [[James Dennis Hoff]], [https://www.leftvoice.org/freeze-layoffs-make-the-capitalists-pay "Freeze Layoffs: Make the Capitalists Pay"] (23 March 2020), ''Left Voice''

==K==
* [[Vladimir Putin]]'s government has also been accused of downplaying the severity of the outbreak. Officially, there have been 2,337 cases [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Russia|in Russia]]—very low by international standards—but low testing rates make it hard to know for sure. Critics suggest that a suspiciously nationwide uptick in pneumonia cases in recent weeks actually consists of undiagnosed [[COVID-19]] cases. Aggressive measures put in place to punish the spread of "false" information on the outbreak online may also be preventing media outlets from publishing accurate information. After moving much more slowly than other governments to order lockdowns and social distancing measures, Russia is finally implementing new rules as the number of cases has grown rapidly in recent days. Putin, who was highly visible while touting the government's efforts to contain the disease's spread early on, was conspicuously absent when it was time to deliver the bad news. The impending crisis has not stopped Russia's government from scoring a propaganda coup by shipping medical supplies to other countries—including the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|U.S]].
** [[Joshua Keating]], [https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2020/04/strongman-medicine-china-russia-kenya-india-pan.html "Strongman Medicine: Suspicious Numbers and Brutal Quarantines"] (2 April 2020), ''[[w:Slate (magazine)|Slate]]''

* It may not just be dictatorships that are playing this game. Given its proximity to [[COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China|China]], high [[w:Elderly people in Japan|elderly population]], and high [[w:Smoking in Japan|smoking]] rate, [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Japan|Japan]] would seem to be highly vulnerable to the coronavirus. Yet the number of cases and deaths in the country has been conspicuously low until recent days—perhaps suspiciously low. Japan, which has not adopted widespread testing or the kinds of strict social distancing measures seen elsewhere, saw the number of cases spike dramatically since it was announced last week that the [[w:2020 Summer Olympics|2020 Olympics]] would [[w:2020 Summer Olympics#Postponement of Tokyo Olympics until summer 2021|be postponed]].
** [[Joshua Keating]], [https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2020/04/strongman-medicine-china-russia-kenya-india-pan.html "Strongman Medicine: Suspicious Numbers and Brutal Quarantines"] (2 April 2020), ''[[w:Slate (magazine)|Slate]]''

* [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary|Hungary]]'s [[w:National Assembly (Hungary)|parliament]] on Monday passed the emergency law, [...] allowing [[w:President of Hungary|President]] [[Viktor Orbán]] to [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary#Rule by decree|rule by decree]] for an indefinite period. This arguably makes [[Hungary]] the first [[dictatorship]] within the [[European Union|EU]] and the first [[democracy]] to fall victim to the coronavirus.
** [[Joshua Keating]], [https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2020/04/strongman-medicine-china-russia-kenya-india-pan.html "Strongman Medicine: Suspicious Numbers and Brutal Quarantines"] (2 April 2020), ''[[w:Slate (magazine)|Slate]]''

* While [[Malaysia]]ns are concerned about the spread of the (COVID-19) virus to our shores, we are equally sympathetic towards [[China]], especially given that the two countries share deep [[culture|cultural]] and [[business]] ties which have been built over decades.
** [[Teresa Kok]] (2020) cited in "[https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2020/01/31/coronavirus-malaysia-to-donate-18-million-medical-gloves-to-china Coronavirus: Malaysia to donate 18 million medical gloves to China]" on ''The Star Online'', 31 January 2020.

* Whether it will be contained or not, this outbreak is rapidly becoming the first true pandemic challenge that fits the [[disease X]] category.
** [[Marion Koopmans]], as quoted in [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-02-22/coronavirus-may-be-the-disease-x-health-agency-warned-about "Coronavirus May Be ‘Disease X' Health Experts Warned About"] (21 February 2020) by Jason Gale, ''{{w|Bloomberg News}}''

==L==
* The pandemic has demonstrated [[w:Westfailure|the bankruptcy]] of [[national sovereignty]]. The major threats to humanity are global in character, so [[mutual aid]], [[cooperation]] and [[solidarity]] must be too.
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented [[w:Global health|global]] [[W:Health crisis|health]], social and economic crisis. Historical comparisons are few, particularly in recent decades. This tragedy constitutes nothing less than a trial for all [[humanity]]. The two meanings of the French word ''"[[:wikt:épreuve|épreuve]]"'' captures the dual significance of what we now confront: ''épreuve'' in the sense of an ordeal, an immense and painful undertaking, but also a test, an evaluation, or a judgment. The pandemic, in other words, is now testing the capacity of our [[w:Political system|political]] and [[economic systems]] to cope with a global problem situated at the level of our [[individual]] [[interdependence]], which is to say at the very foundation of our social life. Like a [[dystopia]] made real, the current situation provides us with a glimpse of what soon awaits humanity if [[w:World economy|global economic]] and [[w:Global politics|political]] structures are unable to radically and rapidly transform in order to confront the [[climate change]] crisis.
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* First observation: around the world, we are all willing to rely on the {{w|sovereign power}} of the {{w|nation state}} to respond to this global epidemic in two more or less complimentary ways: on the one hand, we count on the state to enact [[authoritarian]] [[w:Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020|measures]] to [[Social distancing|limit personal contact]], largely by establishing "{{w|states of emergency}}" (whether officially declared or not) as in [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Italy|Italy]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Spain|Spain]], [[COVID-19 pandemic in France|France]] and elsewhere. On the other hand, we expect the state to protect citizens by preventing the virus being "imported" from abroad. Social discipline and national {{w|protectionism}} are thus the two primary weapons deployed in our fight against the pandemic. Here, we see the two faces of state sovereignty: internal [[domination]] and external independence.
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* What we have witnessed so far is cause for alarm. The [[w:Institutionalized discrimination|institutional]] [[xenophobia]] of the state form is becoming especially manifest just as we are gaining increasing awareness of the lethal danger the virus poses for all humanity. The [[W:COVID-19 pandemic in Europe|European]] states responded to the initial spread of the coronavirus in a totally uncoordinated fashion. Very quickly, most European states — [[Central Europe]] in particular — locked themselves behind the [[w:Administrative law|administrative]] walls of their national [[territory]] in order to protect their population from the "foreign virus," and the first countries in Europe to cloister themselves in were also the most [[w:Xenophobia#Europe|xenophobic]]. This set the tone throughout Europe and the rest of the world: every state must look after their own — to the delight of the {{w|extreme right}} [[w:Far-right politics#Europe|in Europe]] and elsewhere. And nothing has been more abject than the lack of [[solidarity]] with the most affected countries. Italy's abandonment by France and Germany — who pushed selfishness to new heights by refusing to send Italy medical equipment and [[w:Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic|protective masks]] — sounded the death knell for a Europe built on a foundation of generalized [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Competition for supplies|competition]] between states.
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* The [[WHO]] has been [[w:World Health Organization#Financing and partnerships|financially weakened]] for the past several decades, and is now largely dependent on private donors, with 80 percent of its funding coming from private businesses or [[w:Private foundation|foundations]]. But despite its weakened condition, the WHO could have still provided an initial framework for global [[cooperation]] in the fight against the pandemic, not only because of the reliable information it had gathered since the beginning of [[w:Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020|January]], but also because its recommendations for radical and early [[w:Infection prevention and control|control]] of the epidemic were ultimately correct. According to the [[Tedros Adhanom|Director-General of the WHO]], the choice to abandon systematic [[COVID-19 testing|testing]] and [[w:COVID-19 surveillance|contract tracing]], which were effective in [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea|Korea]] and [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan|Taiwan]], was a major mistake that contributed to the [[w:Coronavirus disease 2019#Transmission|spread of the virus]] in virtually every country. The ultimate cause of this alarming delay were strategic choices. Italy was quickly forced to adopt a strategy of absolute [[w:COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Italy|confinement]] in order to halt the epidemic, as [[w:COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Hubei|China]] had previously done. Other countries waited far too long to react, largely on the basis of the {{w|fatalist}} and crypto-[[w:Social Darwinism|Darwinian]] strategy of "[[herd immunity]]." [[Boris Johnson]]'s [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] was entirely passive in its initial [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom#Government response|approach]], and other countries equivocated and delayed their restrictive measures, such as France and Germany, not to mention the [[2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States|United States]].
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* By adopting a strategy of "[[w:Pandemic prevention#Prevention versus mitigation|mitigation]]," or epidemic delay by "{{w|flattening the curve}}," these countries have de facto renounced any serious attempt to keep the virus under control from the start through the use of systematic screening and general confinement of the population, as was done in {{w|Wuhan}} and [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei|Hubei]] province. According to the forecasts of the German and French governments, the strategy of collective immunity necessitates 50 to 80 percent contamination across the entire population. This amounts to accepting the [[w:COVID-19 pandemic#Deaths|deaths]] of hundreds of thousands — even millions — of people who are supposedly the "most fragile." All the while, the WHO's recommendations were very clear: states must not abandon systematic screening and contact tracing of anyone who tests positive for the virus.
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* What has since become abundantly apparent is the destructive influence of [[behavioral economics]] and the so-called "[[nudge theory]]" of political [[decision-making]], which relies on {{w|incentives}} and [[w:Stimulus (psychology)|stimuli]] [[w:Behavior change (individual)|to steer individual behavior]], rather than [[coercion]] or restraint. We now know that the "nudge unit," or the "{{w|Behavioural Insights Team}}," that advises the {{w|British Government}} successfully convinced the state of their theory that individuals who are too quickly constrained by severe measures will tire and relax their discipline when the [[w:Epidemic curve|epidemic]] reaches its peak, which is precisely when discipline is needed most. Since 2010, {{w|Richard Thaler}}'s [[economic theory]] — which he outlines in the book ''[[w:Nudge (book)|Nudge]]'' (2009) — is widely thought to be the best means for producing "[[w:Governance#Effective governance|efficient state governance]]." This approach tells us to encourage people, without coercing them, to make the best decisions through the use of "nudges": by using gentle, indirect, comfortable and optional [[Social influence|influences]] upon individuals who are still ultimately [[Freedom of choice|free to make their own choices]]. The application of this "{{w|libertarian paternalism}}" in the fight against the epidemic has been two-fold: (a) the rejection of any coercive measures to regulate individual [[Human behavior|behavior]] and (b) a preference for "barrier gestures": [[w:Social distancing measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic|keep your distance]], [[Hand washing|wash your hands]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic#Face masks and respiratory hygiene|cough into your elbow]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic#Self-isolation|self-isolate]] if you have a fever and all for your own benefit. This wager to rely on soft, voluntary measures was risky: there is no scientific or empirical evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach in the context of an epidemic. And it is now all too clear that this approach entirely failed.
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

The [[public service]] is a mechanism by which the governors become the servants of the governed. These obligations, which are imposed on those who govern as well as the agents of government, form the basis of what Duguit calls "public responsibility." This is why the public service is a principle of social solidarity, one which is imposed on all, and not a principle of sovereignty, inasmuch as the latter is incompatible with the very idea of public responsibility. This conception of the public service has largely been suppressed by the fiction of state sovereignty. But the public service nonetheless continues to make itself felt by virtue of the strong connection citizens feel toward what they still consider to be a {{w|fundamental right}}. For the [[w:Civil and political rights|citizen's right]] to public services is the strict corollary of the duty or obligation of state representatives to provide public services. This why the citizens of various European countries affected by the current crisis have demonstrated, in diverse ways, their attachment to public services in their daily fight against the coronavirus: for instance, the citizens of numerous Spanish cities [[w:Clap for Our Carers|have applauded]] their [[w:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers|healthcare workers]] from their balconies, regardless of their political attitude toward the [[w:Centralized government|centralized]] {{w|unitary state}}. [...] Two relations must therefore be carefully separated here: the citizenry’s attachment to the public service, and [[healthcare]] in particular, in no way suggests adherence to public [[authority]] or public power in its various forms, but rather suggests an attachment to services whose essential function is to meet the public's need. Far from disclosing an underlying identification with the nation, this attachment gestures toward a sense of a universal that crosses borders, and accordingly renders us sensitive to the trials our "pandemic co-citizens" are enduring, whether they are Italian, Spanish, or live beyond European borders. We are extremely [[skeptical]] of Macron's promise to be the first leader to question "our developmental model" after the crisis is over, and there are plenty of reasons to think that the drastic economic measures currently in place will eventually share the same fate as those enacted during the [[Financial crisis of 2007–2008|2008 economic crisis]]: we will likely see a concerted effort to "[[Status quo|return to normal]]" — i.e., return to our otherwise uninterrupted [[w:Human impact on the environment|destruction of the planet]] amidst increasingly conditions of [[social inequality]]. And we fear the enormous [[w:Stimulus (economics)|stimulus]] packages designed to "save the economy" will once again be [[w:Socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor|borne on the backs]] of the [[w:Working poor|lowest-paid workers]] and [[taxpayers]].
** [[Christian Laval]] and Pierre Dardot, ''[https://roarmag.org/essays/dardot-laval-corona-pandemic/ The pandemic as political trial: the case for a global commons]'' (March 28, 2020), ''{{w|ROAR Magazine}}''

* This coronavirus, they're just — all of this panic is just not warranted. This, I'm telling you, when I tell you — when I've told you that this virus is the {{w|common cold}}. When I said that, it was based on the number of cases. It's also based on the kind of virus this is.
** [[Rush Limbaugh]], ''{{w|The Rush Limbaugh Show}}'', {{#formatdate:2020-03-11}}

* Three years ago, experts were saying that bat coronaviruses could become a new pandemic. Almost two months ago, experts were saying that the new virus in {{w|Wuhan}} was potentially a global threat. One month ago, experts were saying that it was likely to be pandemic, and [[Presidency of Donald Trump|the White House]]'s response was that this was under control, despite the fact that [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|the US]]'s [[w:Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic#Tests|testing]] was demonstrably giving a false picture of the extent of infection. This was foreseeable, and foreseen, weeks and months ago, and only now is the White House coming [[w:Criticism of response to the 2019–20 coronavirus#United States government|out of denial]] and heading straight into saying it could not have been foreseen.
** [[Marc Lipsitch]], as quoted in [https://www.factcheck.org/2020/03/contrary-to-trumps-claim-a-pandemic-was-widely-expected-at-some-point/ "Contrary to Trump's Claim, A Pandemic Was Widely Expected at Some Point"] (20 March 2020) by Rem Rieder, ''{{w|FactCheck.org}}''

==M==
* [[w:National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic|Governments]] around the world say they’re engaged in a war against the coronavirus. [...] This kill-or-die idiom is more than casual rhetorical overkill. Many governments are symbolically but very deliberately calling, in this time of fear and uncertainty, for general {{w|conscription}} along [[military]] lines. This is so they can, while pointing to an insidious foreign enemy, aim their firepower against some of the most valuable institutions of domestic public life. They have been very successful so far. [...] In addition to [[w:Economic mobilization|economic]] and military {{w|mobilization}}, [[wartime]] measures typically encourage a high degree of political, social and intellectual [[conformity]]. The general idea is that, in the face of an existential challenge from a vicious [[enemy]], {{w|criticism of the government}} ought to cease. The [[media]] tends to become more [[patriotic]], as do former {{w|political partisans}}. Such was the case in the [[United States]] during the early stages of [[War on terror|its wars]] in [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghanistan]] and [[Iraq War|Iraq]], when most journalists and even Democratic politicians rallied around the Republican [[George W. Bush]] administration. The trouble is that the "war" against Covid-19 is actually not a war at all. And no one should feel obliged to sign up for it. The loss of, and separation from, loved ones, and the fear and [[w:Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic|anxiety]] that is devastating many lives is not an opportunity to fantasize about heroism in battle. The pandemic is, primarily, a [[w:Public health emergency of international concern|global public health emergency]]; it is made potentially lethal as much by long neglected and underfunded social [[welfare]] systems as by a highly contagious virus. A plain description like this is not as stirring as a call to arms — and doesn’t justify the more [[w:Human rights issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic|extreme actions]] governments have taken against critics during the crisis. It does, however, open up a line of inquiry that [[w:Media coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic|journalists]] ought to pursue, now as well as in the future.
** [[Pankaj Mishra]], ''[https://theprint.in/opinion/world-is-fighting-a-war-against-covid-19-except-its-not-actually-one/417615/ From Modi to Johnson, leaders are using the pandemic to suppress their critics]'' (9 May, 2020), ''{{w|ThePrint}}''

* Awakening late to the pandemic, [[authoritarian]] or authoritarian-minded leaders have turned it into an opportunity both to shore up their power and to conceal their stunning ineptitude. To fail to see through their manufactured {{w|fog of war}}, as many in the media are doing, can only further endanger the long-term moral and political health of their societies.
** [[Pankaj Mishra]], ''[https://theprint.in/opinion/world-is-fighting-a-war-against-covid-19-except-its-not-actually-one/417615/ From Modi to Johnson, leaders are using the pandemic to suppress their critics]'' (9 May, 2020), ''{{w|ThePrint}}''

*During the pandemic, many of us have begun to discover how much of our travel is unnecessary. Governments can build on this to create plans for reducing the need to move, while investing in walking, cycling and – when physical distancing is less necessary – [[public transport]]. This means wider pavements, better cycle lanes, buses run for service not profit. They should invest heavily in [[Renewable energy|green energy]], and even more heavily in reducing energy demand – through, for example, home insulation and better heating and lighting. The pandemic exposes the need for better neighbourhood design, with less public space given to cars and more to people. It also shows how badly we need the kind of security that a lightly taxed, deregulated economy cannot deliver.
**[[George Monbiot]], [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/29/airlines-oil-giants-government-economy "Airlines and oil giants are on the brink. No government should offer them a lifeline"] (29 April 2020), ''[[The Guardian]]''

*Let's have what many people were calling for long before this disaster hit: a [[Green New Deal|green new deal]]. But please let's stop describing it as a stimulus package. We have stimulated consumption too much over the past century, which is why we face environmental disaster. Let us call it a survival package, whose purpose is to provide incomes, distribute wealth and avoid catastrophe, without stoking perpetual economic growth. '''[[Bailout|Bail out]] the [[people]], not the [[Corporatocracy|corporations]]. Bail out the living world, not its destroyers.'''
**[[George Monbiot]], [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/29/airlines-oil-giants-government-economy "Airlines and oil giants are on the brink. No government should offer them a lifeline"] (29 April 2020), ''[[The Guardian]]''

*There are two ways this could go. We could, as some people have done, double down on [[denial]]. Some of those who have dismissed other threats, such as climate breakdown, also seek to downplay the threat of Covid-19... Or this could be the moment when we begin to see ourselves, once more, as governed by biology and physics, and dependent on a habitable planet. Never again should we listen to the liars and the deniers. Never again should we allow a comforting falsehood to trounce a painful truth. No longer can we afford to be dominated by those who put money ahead of life.
**[[George Monbiot]], [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/mar/25/covid-19-is-natures-wake-up-call-to-complacent-civilisation? "Covid-19 is nature's wake-up call to complacent civilisation"] (25 March 2020), ''[[The Guardian]]''

==O==
*And the people stayed home. And read books, and listened, and rested, and exercised, and made art, and played games, and learned new ways of being, and were still. And listened more deeply. Some meditated, some prayed, some danced. Some met their shadows. And the people began to think differently. And the people healed. And, in the absence of people living in ignorant, dangerous, mindless, and heartless ways, the earth began to heal. And when the danger passed, and the people joined together again, they grieved their losses, and made new choices, and dreamed new images, and created new ways to live and heal the earth fully, as they had been healed.
**Kitty O'Meara, [https://the-daily-round.com/2020/03/16/in-the-time-of-pandemic/ "In the Time of Pandemic"] (16 March 2020), ''The Daily Round''

==P==
*A [[w:pandemic|pandemic]] has been declared, but not for the 24,600 who die every day from unnecessary [[w:starvation|starvation]], and not for 3,000 children who die every day from preventable [[w:malaria|malaria]], and not for the 10,000 people who die every day because they are denied [[w:publicly funded healthcare,|publicly-funded healthcare,]] and not for the hundreds of Venezuelans and Iranians who die every day because America's [[w:blockade|blockade]] denies them life-saving medicines, and not for the hundreds of mostly children bombed or starved to death every day in [[w:Yemeni Civil War (2015–present)|Yemen]], in a war supplied and kept going, profitably, by America and Britain. Before you panic, consider them.
**[[John Pilger]], quoted in [https://www.theweek.in/news/world/2020/03/12/here-is-what-legendary-journalist-john-pilger-said-about-coronavirus-outbreak.html Here is what legendary journalist John Pilger said about coronavirus outbreak] Pilger decries inattention to hunger, malaria and American wars and blockades, [[w:The Week|''The Week'']], 12 March 2020

* If I had to sum it up, I would say sheer madness. It's obscene. It's strictly political, really, an attempt to divert from what we all know has been a gross mismanagement of the prevention phase of this in the United States and the response phase, and it's tragic because the [[World Health Organization]] now is moving into a phase where it is going to try to help avert a catastrophe in the developing world. If we think about how difficult it has been for us in the United States with our sophisticated healthcare system to manage this crisis, imagine living in a slum in a developing country or in a refugee camp. And in places like that, the only place you really have to turn for expertise and for financial support is the World Health Organization when governments themselves can't provide the resources. So the timing of this is particularly catastrophic because it is just about to wallop parts of the world in vulnerable communities that really can't handle it. I mean, Trump has a point about aspects of the World Health Organization's response that have been problematic. The problem is his very criticisms are ones that you could levy just as easily at him, overreliance on China, flattery of China, sucking up to China, to put it in an undiplomatic way. I mean, that's something that we saw it characterize the early phase of the U.S. response led by President Trump, and downplaying the crisis until it was too late, missing the month of February, as he did, to get the testing apparatuses in place and put in place the kinds of guidelines that we have now but at the time when it's already spread across the country.
** [[Samantha Power]], former United States Ambassador to the United Nations, on President [[Donald Trump|Trump]]'s plan to halt the half a billion dollars to the WHO, interview in {{w|CNN}}'s ''[[w:New Day (TV program)|New Day]]'' on 15 April 2020. [http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/2004/15/nday.03.html Transcript online] at ''{{w|CNN}}''.

*The moment that the Chinese scientists and doctors announced that the [[coronavirus]] could be transmitted between human beings on Jan. 20, 2020, the [[socialist]] governments went into action to monitor ports of entry and to test and trace key parts of the population. They set up task forces and procedures to immediately make sure that the infection would not go out of control amongst their people. They did not wait till the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global pandemic on March 11. This is in stark contrast to governments in the United States, the United Kingdom, [[COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil|Brazil]], [[COVID-19 pandemic in India|India]], and other [[capitalist]] states, where there has been a hallucinatory attitude towards the Chinese government and the WHO. There is no comparison between the stance of Vietnam’s [[w:Nguyen Xuan Phuc|Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc]] and U.S. President [[Donald Trump]]: the former had a sober, [[science]]-based attitude, while the latter has consistently laughed off the coronavirus as a simple flu as recently as June 24.
**[[Vijay Prashad]] in [https://consortiumnews.com/2020/07/16/covid-19-why-laos-vietnam-china-have-beaten-the-virus-and-india-brazil-and-the-us-have-not/ COVID-19: Why Laos, Vietnam & China Have Beaten the Virus and India, Brazil and the US Have Not, ''Consortium News''] (16 July 2020)

==R==
* We will get through corona (virus).
** [[Hassan Rouhani]] (2020) cited in "[https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-26/irans-deputy-health-minister-is-infected-with-coronavirus/12000840 Iran's deputy health minister Iraj Harirchi has tested positive to coronavirus]" on ''ABC News'', 26 February 2020.

==S==
*When I started this site I never thought I’d see the deceased number reach 1 million but here we are. Hopefully we have a better 2021.
** [[w:Avi Schiffmann|Avi Schiffmann]] creator of [https://ncov2019.live ncov2019.live] (Coronavirus dashboard) from his [https://twitter.com/AviSchiffmann/status/1310332477404147714 twitter account]

* A lot has been written about how this pandemic is exacerbating [[social inequalities]]. But what if it's because our [[societies]] are so [[unequal]] that this pandemic happened? There is a {{w|school of thought}} that, historically, {pandemics have been more likely to occur at times of social inequality and [[discord]]. As the [[w:The rich get richer and the poor get poorer|poor get poorer]], the thinking goes, their baseline [[Social determinants of health|health suffers]], making them [[w:Health equity#Health inequalities|more prone]] to infection. At the same time they are forced to move more, in [[w:Job hunting|search of work]], and to gravitate to cities. The rich, meanwhile, have more to spend on luxuries, including products that hail from far-flung places. The world becomes more tightly connected through trade, and germs, people and luxury goods travel together along trade routes that connect cities. On paper, it looks like a perfect storm.
** [[Laura Spinney]], [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/12/inequality-pandemic-lockdown "Inequality doesn't just make pandemics worse – it could cause them"] (12 April 2020), ''[[The Guardian]]''

* Pandemics don't always trigger {{w|social unrest}}, but they can do, by throwing into relief the very inequalities that caused them. That's because they hit the [[poor]] hardest – [[w:Working poor|those in low-paid]] or [[w:Precarious work|unstable employment]], who live in [[w:Overcrowding|crowded]] accommodation, have underlying [[w:Poverty#Impact on health and mortality|health issues]], and for whom [[healthcare]] is less affordable or less accessible. This was true in the past and remains so today. During the {{w|2009 flu pandemic}} the death rate was three times higher in the [[w:Poverty in the United Kingdom|poorest]] fifth of [[England]]'s population than in the [[w:Social class in the United Kingdom#Upper class|richest]]. [[Covid-19]] is showing no signs of departing from the pattern, which, because of the way the socioeconomic dice fall, also has a [[w:Race and health|racial]] dimension. But there is something brand new about this pandemic, which has never been seen before in the history of humanity – and that is our unprecedented global experiment in {{w|lockdown}}. These lockdown measures are designed to slow the spread of the disease, relieve the burden on {{w|health system}}s and ultimately save lives – and it looks as if they may be doing that. But they may also be exacerbating social inequalities themselves.
** [[Laura Spinney]], [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/12/inequality-pandemic-lockdown "Inequality doesn't just make pandemics worse – it could cause them"] (12 April 2020), ''[[The Guardian]]''

* In [[COVID-19 pandemic in India|India]] there have been reports of deaths among [[w:Unemployment in India|unemployed]] {{w|migrant workers}} returning home [[w:Food security in India|in search of food]]; many countries, including the US, have seen [[Strikes during the COVID-19 pandemic|workers taking industrial action]], and anger has been expressed in rural communities over wealthy city-dwellers retreating to their second homes for the duration. Governments should keep an eye on these developments, in weighing up when and how to lift the lockdown, because even if it's difficult to argue today that the cure is worse than the disease, the cure might provoke an entirely different malaise – and history teaches us that no society is immune to that. That's the {{w|symptomatic treatment}}. In the long term, of course, they – and we – should address the dreadful inequality in our societies, which this pandemic is picking apart with a lethal scalpel.
** [[Laura Spinney]], [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/12/inequality-pandemic-lockdown "Inequality doesn't just make pandemics worse – it could cause them"] (12 April 2020), ''[[The Guardian]]''

* We believe that Spain will not have, at most, beyond a diagnosed case. Hopefully there will be no local transmission. If there is, it will be very limited and very controlled
** [[Fernando Simon Soria]], [https://www.web24.news/u/2020/03/the-ten-calculation-errors-of-fernando-simon-that-spain-is-already-paying-dearly.html] (31 January 2020)

==T==
* The coronavirus pandemic and the environmental crisis share the same roots: humans' success as a species in arrogating global resources for themselves and the consequent ecological disturbance. This is increasing viral exchanges – first from animal to human, then from human to human – on a pandemic scale. Our environmental footprint is too large for the planet, leading to [[W:Holocene extinction|accelerated species extinctions]] and atmospheric chaos. Both the Covid and climate catastrophes are not misfortunes that befell us. They are part of a pattern of decisions that we humans are taking. We need to make different choices.
**''[[The Guardian]]'', [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/may/22/the-guardian-view-on-climate-and-covid-time-to-make-different-choices "The Guardian view on climate and Covid: time to make different choices"] (22 May 2020)

* {{w|Revolutionary socialist}} organizations from the [[United States]], [[France]], [[Italy]], [[Germany]], [[Spain]], [[Argentina]], [[Brazil]], [[Mexico]], [[Chile]], [[Bolivia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Uruguay]], [[Costa Rica]], and [[Peru]], members and sympathizers of the Trotskyist Fraction for the Fourth International, are publishing the following statement at a time when the crisis of the [[w:COVID-19 pandemic|Coronavirus pandemic]] is developing rapidly. The disastrous situation of [[healthcare]] [[w:Health system|systems]] in the great majority of countries is preventing adequate responses (such as massive [[w:COVID-19 testing|testing]]), causing thousands of avoidable deaths, and providing confusing information about the reality of [[w:COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory|the pandemic in each country]]. The [[w:Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic|economic and financial effects of the crisis]] will likely be unloaded onto the shoulders of the [[workers]] and the [[poor]], who in turn are the most vulnerable to the danger of [[COVID-19|infection]]. We propose urgent measures so that [[Big business|large]] [[companies]] pay the costs of this crisis. They are the ones who have always profited from the degradation of {{w|public health}} and [[w:Precarious work|precarious working conditions]], the measures carried out by the governments, states, and parties [[Corporatocracy|in their service]]. These are banners of [[Class conflict|struggle]] for the [[Labour movement|organization of workers]] and youth. Great crises require great solutions.
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]], [https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits "Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!"] (14 March 2020), ''Left Voice''

* [[w:National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic|The governments that have been negligent]] from the beginning ([[w:National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic#United States|the U.S.]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Iran|Iran]], [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Italy|Italy]], and so many others) are reacting with measures that are limited to banning flights and strengthening {{w|quarantine}}s and isolation, without more profound responses that would reduce deaths as much as possible. They are afraid of demonstrating their ineptitude in the face of such a health crisis. At the last minute, [[Donald Trump|Trump]] declared a "[[w:Public health emergency (United States)|national emergency]]" and agreed with the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] in [[United States Congress|Congress]] on a special package for {{w|sick leave}} and rapid testing. If he appears incompetent in the face of a crisis and thousands of [[w:COVID-19 pandemic#Deaths|people die]], he could lose the [[w:2020 United States presidential election|U.S. presidency]], even to [[Joe Biden|Biden]]. The same applies to any other government. In the meantime, measures of police control are imposed on the population. The {{w|Chinese government}} currently appears "successful" in its response, but in the first weeks that [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China|the new coronavirus]] appeared, [[w:National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic#China|the government]] offered the denialism typical of restorationist [[State capitalism|capitalist bureaucracy]], ignoring the warnings that could have reduced the number of deaths (including that of {{w|Li Wenliang}}, a doctor who warned about [[COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China|the epidemic]] and was consequently accused by the authorities of "spreading rumors" before he died from COVID-19). China is the most extreme example of [[w:Authoritarian capitalism#China|authoritarianism]] around the world, with its tight [[w:Bureaucratic collectivism|bureaucratic]] control [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China#Censorship and police responses|that prevents vital news]] from leaving {{w|Wuhan}} and other affected areas.
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]], [https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits "Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!"] (14 March 2020), ''Left Voice''

* In different countries, especially where there is more class struggle, governments will seek to make political use of the COVID-19 health crisis, with the aim of restricting [[w:Civil liberties|democratic freedoms]] and preventing [[w:Demonstration (political)|demonstrations]] of discontent and struggle. [[w:COVID-19 pandemic in Chile|The case of Chile]] is illustrative: the government of {{w|Sebastián Piñera}} went from complete idleness to a discourse about the enormous consequences of the virus, demanding measures like the cancellation of massive events while refusing to discuss the fact that [[Working class|working people]] still will not have access to free testing and the [[w:Healthcare in Chile|Chilean public health system]] remains enormously unfunded and in crisis. Thus, the government is creating a climate that discourages [[w:2019–20 Chilean protests|the mobilizations that take place]] every week in the country's main cities. Piñera will attempt to use the health argument to pass repressive laws such as one that would authorize the president to decree the {{w|militarization}} of "{{w|critical infrastructure}}" (hospitals, ports, etc.). We reject any repressive measure that is disguised as health policy and is directed against the masses and their mobilizations (whether organized or spontaneous). It should not be the government that decides whether or not to hold a demonstration, but the organizations in struggle with the advice of healthcare professionals and researchers.
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]], [https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits "Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!"] (14 March 2020), ''Left Voice''

*...I see the disinfectant where it knocks it out in a minute. One minute. And is there a way we can do something like that, by injection inside or almost a cleaning?..So it'd be interesting to check that...
** [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52407177 from Donald Trump according to "Coronavirus: Outcry after Trump suggests injecting disinfectant as treatment" (BBC)]

==W==

*In an interview with The Economist last month, Bill Gates stated that millions of people in developing countries would die before the COVID-19 pandemic was over. He noted, importantly, that 90 percent of the deaths would not result from the virus itself, but from “indirect” effects. These include most prominently the economic impact of the pandemic, as well as other causes such as the overwhelming of medical and public health resources, which increases fatalities from other diseases. Gates was not exaggerating at all. It’s easy to see how this horror will materialize, if we project forward from the current situation.
**[[Mark Weisbrot]], [https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/politics/519243-if-you-could-save-a-million-lives-would-you-do-it '''If you could save a million lives, would you''' do it?], ''The Hill'' (1 October 2020)

*The World Food Program projects that the number of people facing acute hunger will nearly double this year, from 135 to 260 million. This is mainly a result of the economic impact of the pandemic: as the World Bank has noted, this is the worst global recession since the end of World War II, and the worst ever (since 1870) in terms of the number of countries pushed into recession. It creates poverty, extreme poverty and food shortages for hundreds of millions of people in developing countries.
**[[Mark Weisbrot]], [https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/politics/519243-if-you-could-save-a-million-lives-would-you-do-it '''If you could save a million lives, would you''' do it?], ''The Hill'' (1 October 2020)

* In the light of the coronavirus pandemic, I focus [[w:Criticism of capitalism|criticism on capitalism]] and the [[Overaccumulation|vulnerabilities it has accumulated]] for several reasons. [[Viruses]] are part of [[nature]]. They have attacked human beings—sometimes dangerously—in both distant and recent history. [...] Alternative systems—those not driven by a profit-first logic—could manage viruses better. While not profitable to produce and stockpile everything needed for a viral pandemic, it is efficient. The wealth already lost in this pandemic far exceeds the cost to have produced and stockpiled the tests and ventilators, the lack of which is contributing so much to today's disaster. Capitalism often [[w:Profit motive|pursues profit]] at the expense of more urgent social needs and values. In this, capitalism is grossly inefficient. This pandemic is now bringing that truth home to people.
** [[Richard D. Wolff]], [https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/04/06/covid-19-and-the-failures-of-capitalism/ "COVID-19 and the Failures of Capitalism"] (6 April 2020), ''{{w|CounterPunch}}''

== See also ==
* [[COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China]]
* [[COVID-19 pandemic in France]]
* [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]]
* [[COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan]]
* [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States]]
* [[COVID-19 testing]]
* [[COVID-19 Vaccine]]
* [[Coronavirus disease 2019]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion]]
* [[SARS-CoV-2]]

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}
{{Commons category|COVID-19 pandemic}}
{{Wikinews|COVID-19}}
{{Wikivoyage|COVID-19 pandemic}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:COVID-19 pandemic}}
[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic| ]]

Progressivism

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'''[[w:Progressivism|Progressivism]]''' is a political philosophy for improvement of society, based on the idea of progress, which asserts that advancements in science, technology, economic development and social organization are vital to the improvement of the human condition.
{{stub}}

==Quotes==

* At this moment, when the foundational values that defined the [[20th century]] are under stress and the [[social contract]] is undergoing unprecedented revisions, as [[ideas]] and [[ideals]] of [[citizenship]], [[nations]], democracy, justice, and [[freedom]] are being redefined; [[civil society]] cannot sit on the side lines and remain [[neutral]]. It needs to reengage with communities and politics to play a central role in defending, deepening, and promoting the progressiv] ideals of [[liberty]], [[equality]], [[fraternity]], justice, and democracy.
** [[Amitabh Behar]], ''[https://scroll.in/article/963408/why-indias-development-sector-no-longer-questions-politics-and-power Why India’s NGOs don’t question politics and power any more]'' (June 01, 2020), ''{{w|Scroll.in}}''

*When [[progressives]] remain silent and don’t talk about why the war in [[Syria]] is illegal, then into the void step in [[neocons]] like [[Lindsey Graham]]. Any wonder that our nation remains mired in endless war. Let’s have the guts to stand for responsible withdrawal.
**[[Ro Khanna]] in a [https://twitter.com/RoKhanna/status/1079472690271059968 ''Twitter post''] (30 December 2018)

* Wherever they govern, progressives repeat the same kinds of patterns: (1) Violate the very laws of economics and, as Rothbard says, nature itself; (2) Observe the consequences of their behavior; and (3) Double down on their original declarations and blame capitalism, religious believers, or anyone else serving as a scapegoat.
** William L. Anderson, [https://mises.org/wire/why-are-progressives-so-bad-governing-0 Why Are Progressives So Bad at Governing?], von Mises Institute

* Progressivism is not a blueprint for governing. It is a blueprint for disaster. We have seen the wreckage in many places, but there is one thing progressives apparently need not fear: paying a political price for their misdeeds. As long as these electoral and governance patterns exist, progressives will expand their power bases — and continue to govern badly.
** William L. Anderson, [https://mises.org/wire/why-are-progressives-so-bad-governing-0 Why Are Progressives So Bad at Governing?], von Mises Institute

* The [[role]] of the party is to recognize [[people]]'s [[understanding]], to raise it to a higher plain, to support progressive thinking and acts.
** [[Alexander Dubček]], in a speech to a meeting of the {{w|Communist Party of Czechoslovakia}}'s {{w|Central Committee}} outlining the reforms known as {{w|Socialism with a human face}}, April 1, 1968, during the {{w|Prague Spring}}. Quoted in ''[https://english.radio.cz/alexander-dubcek-hope-and-despair-1968-8588161 Alexander Dubček: hope and despair in 1968]'' (January 22, 2009) by David Vaughan, ''{{w|Radio Prague}}''

* It [National Socialism] was a progressive cause, embraced at the time by the progressives’ progressive, [[W:H. G. Wells|H. G. Wells]]. [[W:Marie Stopes|Marie Stopes]], the great apostle of contraception in interwar Britain, was also—like many among the progressives of the time—a keen eugenicist. In 1935, she attended a Congress for Population Science in [[Nazi]] Berlin. In August 1939, she even sent [[Hitler]] a volume of her dreadful poems, accompanied by a treacly epistle about love. Yet all this has been forgotten amid continuing progressive admiration for Marie Stopes’s embrace of what are nowadays known as “reproductive rights.” Marie Stopes International, a powerful and flourishing modern organization, still bears her name as it campaigns for and defends those “reproductive rights.”
** [[Peter Hitchens]], [https://www.firstthings.com/web-exclusives/2019/09/hitler-the-progressive Hitler The Progressive], ''First Things'', 16 September 2019

* The crisis of public {{w|healthcare systems}} has long been a widespread demand in several countries, particularly in the U.S. Surveys showed that even before [[w:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|this crisis]], [[w:Health care in the United States|healthcare]] was among the main concerns of the [[w:Demographics of the United States|U.S. population]] because of [[w:Medical debt#United States|the debt]] it generates for [[w:Family structure in the United States|families]] and because 27.5 million people do not have any kind of coverage. [[Bernie Sanders]] has been attacked, not only by [[Donald Trump|Trump]] but also by the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] and [[Joe Biden|Biden]], because he calls for [[w:Single-payer healthcare#United States|Medicare for All]]. All healthcare systems are organized around the profits of big {{w|corporations}}. The decline in public healthcare is not just caused by {{w|right-wing}} forces, but also by forces claiming to be “progressive” or {{w|center-left}}, as can be seen in [[Latin America]] where “progressive” governments have failed to change the structure of “first-rate” and {{w|private healthcare}} for the [[rich]] while public healthcare for the [[poor]] is absolutely backward.
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!]'' (March 14, 2020), ''Left Voice''.

== External links==
{{Wikipedia}}

Health care

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'''{{w|Health care}}''', '''health-care''', or '''healthcare''' is the maintenance or improvement of [[health]] via the [[w:preventive healthcare|prevention]], {{w|diagnosis}}, [[therapy|treatment]], recovery, or [[cure]] of [[disease]], [[illness]], [[injury]], and other [[disability|physical and mental impairments]] in people.
== Quotes ==

* I don't think I know enough to say, well, here's the plan. It's not my specialty.... But I don't think there's any way not to have that debate about how much we're going to spend on health care.... In finding our way forward, we've got to be able to find ways to deliver the quality care that everyone expects and that we're capable of providing to the maximum number of people.
**[[Dick Cheney]], [http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303365804576429792685943576.html "The Weekend Interview: The Story of Dick Cheney's Heart"], ''The Wall Street Journal'', July 9, 2011.

*We have been alienated by costs that soared beyond the means of all but the well-insured or wealthy; by specialization and the cold, quantifying approach that brushes past human concerns, and by the growing despair that comes from spending without regaining health.
*Health care (including medical insurance) is now the third largest industry in the United States; medical costs are roughly 9 percent of the Gross National Product. Federal health costs are over fifty billion dollars. Neighboring hospitals duplicate expensive equipment, doctors order unnecessary laboratory tests to protect themselves from malpractice suits ("defensive medicine"). Even a simple office call now represents a major expenditure to the average person. Runaway costs, especially hospital charges, have made it all but impossible to enact any sort of national health plan.
**[[Marilyn_Ferguson#The_Aquarian_Conspiracy_(1980)|Marilyn Ferguson in ''The Aquarian Conspiracy'',]] (1980) Chapter 8, Healing Ourselves

*Health and disease don't just happen to us. They are active processes issuing from inner harmony or disharmony, profoundly affected by our states of consciousness, our ability or inability to flow with experience. This recognition carries with it implicit responsibility and opportunity. If we are participating, however unconsciously, in the process of disease, we can choose health instead.
**[[Marilyn_Ferguson#The_Aquarian_Conspiracy_(1980)|Marilyn Ferguson in ''The Aquarian Conspiracy'',]] (1980) Chapter 8, Healing Ourselves

* [T]he [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|COVID-19 crisis]] has sharply underscored the irrational nature of health care systems [[w:Healthcare industry|structured]] around [[Corporation|corporate]] [[profit]] — the almost universal cutbacks to {{w|public hospital}} staffing and infrastructure (including [[w:Intensive care unit|critical care beds]] and {{w|ventilator}}s), the lack of {{w|public health}} provision and the prohibitive cost of access to medical services in many countries, and the ways in which the [[w:Property rights (economics)|property rights]] of [[pharmaceutical companies]] serve to restrict widespread access to potential therapeutic treatments and the [[w:Vaccine#Economics of development|development of vaccines]]. However, the global dimensions of COVID-19 have figured less prominently in much of the left discussion.
** [[Adam Hanieh]], ''[https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/4623-this-is-a-global-pandemic-let-s-treat-it-as-such This is a Global Pandemic – Let’s Treat it as Such]'', 27 March 2020, ''{{w|Verso Books}}''

* Sarah Kliff spent the last year looking at over 1000 ER bills and has found outrageous facility fees, high costs for OTC drugs, and charges for simply sitting in the waiting room. Medicare for All would take these excess costs out of the equation...
** [[Ro Khanna]] in a [https://twitter.com/RoKhanna/status/1078738102703788042 ''Twitter post''] (28 December 2018)

* Our demand for Medicare for All must be stronger than Big Pharma [[lobbyists]].
** [[Ro Khanna]] in a [https://twitter.com/RoKhanna/status/1078674235495796736 ''Twitter post''] (28 December 2018)

* Of all the forms of [[inequality]], [[injustice]] in healthcare is the most shocking and [[inhumane]].
** [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]], ''Speech to the Second National Convention of the Medical Committee for Human Rights'' – Chicago (25 March 1966), as quoted in Dan Munro, [http://www.forbes.com/sites/danmunro/2013/08/28/americas-forgotten-civil-right-healthcare/ "America's Forgotten Civil Right - Healthcare"], ''Forbes'' (28 August 2013). See also: [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/amanda-moore/martin-luther-king-health-care_b_2506393.html Amanda Moore, "Tracking Down Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Words on Health Care", ''Huffington Post'' (18 August 2013)]

* Healthcare is one of the areas where open data will potentially take off soonest and have the biggest impact.
** [[Tim O'Reilly]], [http://www.linuxvoice.com/interview-tim-oreilly/ "Open Source and the future of print in the age of the Social Network"], ''[[w:Linux Voice|Linux Voice]]'', February 20, 2015. ([http://www.webcitation.org/6WiMJqC9h WebCite archive])

* Criticism should not be focused on [[Nazism|Nazi]] Germany alone but extend beyond to include [[physicians]] in [[Democracy|democratic]] countries, as well. Physicians outside [[Germany]] before [[World War Two|the war]], in the [[United States]] in particular were well [[aware]] of the [[evolving]] [[Racism|racist]] thrust of the health care system. They [[chose]] to remain [[silent]].
** William E. Seidelman (1992). Quoted in, ''The War Against Children of Color: Psychiatry Targets Inner-City Youth'' (1998), [[w:Peter Breggin|Peter R. Breggin]], M.D., Common Courage Press, Monroe, Maine, {{ISBN|1567511279}} {{ISBN|1567511260 }}( 2002 ed., {{ISBN|1567511260}} {{ISBN|9781567511260 }} ch. 7, ''Condemned by Science: The Role of Psychiatry in the [[Holocaust]]'', p. 124. [https://books.google.com/books?id=2MdsAAAAMAAJ&q=%22criticism+should+not+be+focused+on+Nazi+Germany+alone+but+extend%22&dq=%22criticism+should+not+be+focused+on+Nazi+Germany+alone+but+extend%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=_NAyVe-2LYW6ggTLpYCYDA&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA]

*[[America]]'s health care system is second only to [[Japan]] … [[Canada]], [[Sweden]], [[Great Britain]] … well, all of [[Europe]]. But you can [[thank]] your [[lucky]] [[stars]] we don't live in [[Paraguay]]!
** [[Homer Simpson]] in [[The Simpsons/Season 4|''The Simpsons'', Season 4]], episode 11: "[[w:Homer's Triple Bypass|Homer's Triple Bypass]]", written by Gary Apple and Michael Carrington

*I have always been a proponent of a national health care system. It just seemed eminently fair and right. How can we call this a civilized society when the children or parents of the rich get the medical attention they need in order to stay alive, while members of working-class families, who lack health insurance, have to die or needlessly suffer--or go hopelessly into debt to get the care they need? This is an outrageous injustice and it cannot be rationally defended.
**[[Bernie Sanders]], ''Outsider in the House'' (1997), p.175

*You have countries like Denmark, Sweden, Norway ... which have had [[social democratic]] governments. ... In those countries, healthcare is a right for all people. ... Tuition is free. ... In those countries, governments are working for the middle class, rather than the billionaire class."
**[[Bernie Sanders]], in ''Late Night with [[w:Seth Meyers|Seth Meyers]]'' [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BFAq-4Vv5c0 (2 June 2015)]

* 29 million people have no health insurance today in America. We pay, by far, the highest prices in the world for prescription drugs. One out of five Americans can't even afford the prescriptions their doctors are writing. Millions of people have high deductibles and co-payments. I don't know what economists Secretary Clinton is talking to, but what I have said, is that the family right in the middle of the economy would pay $500 dollars more in taxes, and get a reduction in their healthcare costs of $5,000 dollars. In my view healthcare is a right of all people, not a privilege, and I will fight for that.
**[[Bernie Sanders]], in [http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/10/us/politics/transcript-democratic-presidential-debate.html?_r=0%20Transcript Democratic Presidential Debate in Milwaukee, Wisconsin], [[w:The Washington Post|''The Washington Post'']] (11 February 2016)

* There is one major country that does not guarantee health care to all people. There is one major country--the United States--which ends up spending almost three times per capita what they do in the U.K. guaranteeing health care to all people, 50 percent more than they do in France guaranteeing health care to all people, far more than our Canadian neighbors, who guarantee health care to all people.
**[[Bernie Sanders]], in [http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/10/us/politics/transcript-democratic-presidential-debate.html?_r=0%20Transcript Democratic Presidential Debate in Milwaukee, Wisconsin], [[w:The Washington Post|''The Washington Post'']] (11 February 2016)

*When you look around the world, you see every other major country providing health care to all people as a right, except the United States. You see every other major country saying to moms that, when you have a baby, we’re not gonna separate you from your newborn baby, because we are going to have — we are gonna have medical and [[family]] paid leave, like every other country on Earth. Those are some of the principles that I believe in, and I think we should look to countries like Denmark, like Sweden and Norway, and learn from what they have accomplished for their working people.
**[[Bernie Sanders]], {{citation |date=2016-02-17 |title=Bernie Sanders Was Right: Denmark Is the Best Nation for Working People |author=Claire Zillman |periodical=Fortune |url=http://fortune.com/2016/02/17/denmark-workplace-benefits/}}

*I agree with what goes on in Canada and in Scandinavia: guaranteeing healthcare to all people as a human right. I believe that the United States should not be the only major country on Earth not to provide paid family and medical leave. I believe that every worker in this country deserves a living wage and that we expand the trade union movement... what we should be doing is creating an economy that works for all of us, not 1%.
**[[Bernie Sanders]], [https://www.democracynow.org/2019/9/13/bernie_sanders_democratic_socialism_defense_democratic ''Bernie Sanders on Democratic Socialism: We Want to Create an Economy That Works for All of Us''] {{W|''DemocracyNow''}} (13 September 2019)

* The crisis of public {{w|healthcare systems}} has long been a widespread demand in several countries, particularly in the U.S. Surveys showed that even before this crisis, [[Health care in the United States|healthcare]] was among the main concerns of the [[w:Demographics of the United States|U.S. population]] because of [[w:Medical debt#United States|the debt]] it generates for [[w:Family structure in the United States|families]] and because 27.5 million people do not have any kind of coverage. [[Bernie Sanders]] has been attacked, not only by [[Donald Trump|Trump]] but also by the Democrats and [[Joe Biden|Biden]], because he calls for [[w:Single-payer healthcare#United States|Medicare for All]]. ''' All healthcare systems are organized around the profits of [[Big business|big corporations]].''' The decline in public healthcare is not just caused by {{w|right-wing}} forces, but also by forces claiming to be “[[Progressivism|progressive]]” or {{w|center-left}}, as can be seen in [[Latin America]] where “progressive” governments have failed to change the structure of “first-rate” and {{w|private healthcare}} for the [[rich]] while public healthcare for the [[poor]] is absolutely backward. [[w:Funding of science|State-sponsored scientific research]] is significantly degraded. Since the [[elderly]] suffer the most from the lack of medical and health care, the attacks on pensions that are sweeping across all continents and governments are especially outrageous. They transform the increase in people’s {{w|life expectancy}} into a “[[w:Pensions crisis|problem]]” for the [[w:Government budget|budgets]] of {{w|capitalist state}}s. These states make jobs more precarious while [[w:Tax cut|reducing taxes]] for the rich.
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!]'' (March 14, 2020), ''Left Voice''.

== See also ==
* [[Healthcare in Canada]]
* [[Medical malpractice]]
* [[Medicine]]
* [[Physician]]
* [[Social determinants of health]]

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}
{{wiktionary|health care}}
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikiversity|Healthcare}}

[[Category:Health care]]

2020 United States presidential election

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[[File:The Statue of Liberty 1.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|thumb]]
[[File:Flag of the President of the United States.svg|thumb]]
The '''{{w|2020 United States presidential election}}''' scheduled for Tuesday, November 3, 2020, will be the 59th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters will select presidential electors who in turn on December 14, 2020, will either elect a new president and vice president or re-elect the incumbents (In the event that no candidate receives the minimum 270 electoral votes needed to win the election, the United States House of Representatives will select the president, and the United States Senate will select the vice president). [[President Donald Trump]] of the [[Republican Party]], who was elected in 2016, is seeking reelection to a second term. The winner of the 2020 presidential election is scheduled to be inaugurated on January 20, 2021.
{{US-politics-stub}}
==Quotes==

*You know, one of the things that continues to bother us in the way in which the moderators don’t even bring up an issue that, before COVID-19, was impacting 43% of this nation. A hundred forty million people, before COVID, were poor and low-wealth, and 62 million people working for less than a living wage. And since COVID, we know that millions have been added to the poverty and low-wealth numbers. We’re well over 50% because of the new poor. We know we had 87 million people before COVID that were either uninsured or underinsured, and now some 20 million people have been added because of people who have lost their insurance because they’ve lost their jobs. Forty percent of the jobs that make $40,000 a year have been lost.
**[[Rev. William Barber II]] quoted in [https://www.democracynow.org/2020/10/8/mike_pence_kamala_harris_vp_debate Rev. William Barber: Millions Are Struggling. So Why Do the Debates Ignore Poverty?, ''DemocracyNow''], (8 October 2020)

*North Carolina was the scene of the crime of the worst voter suppression, after the case out of Alabama and when the Supreme Court gutted Section 5. And Ruth Bader Ginsburg said that it’s like putting away your umbrella — the Shelby case, it was — putting away your umbrella in a rainstorm. And in North Carolina, Amy, when it was done, the Republicans there said, “Now that the problem has — the headache has been removed, we can do what we want to.” And guess what. Everything Pence just said, we heard in 2013. And they tried to roll back every progressive way of voting. And they actually went to the books and looked at how did it benefit Black and Brown people and young people, and those were the rules they tried to roll back. And the court said it was surgical — surgical racism. And what I saw in North Carolina, what we defeated in North Carolina, what we filed suit against in North Carolina, is now what Trump and Pence are talking about doing on the national level: surgical racism with surgical precision.
**[[Rev. William Barber II]] in [https://www.democracynow.org/2020/10/8/rev_william_barber_voting_2020 Rev. William Barber on Voter Suppression: Republicans Know They Can’t Win If Everyone Casts a Ballot'], [[w:''Democracy Now!''|''Democracy Now!'']], (8 October 2020)

*We’re telling people, vote by absentee ballot. In North Carolina, where we have 16 days of early voting, vote early. And if you vote on Election Day, then put your shield on, put your mask on, put your gloves on. Pack you a lunch. Get you a folding chair. Put some water in that lunch bag and vote. And if they want to come watch us vote, let them watch millions of people, because we’re not scared. We’re not giving away this democracy. Let them come and watch. And then stop saying Trump won the last time. He was elected by the Electoral College because of 80,000 votes.
**[[Rev. William Barber II]] in [https://www.democracynow.org/2020/10/8/rev_william_barber_voting_2020 Rev. William Barber on Voter Suppression: Republicans Know They Can’t Win If Everyone Casts a Ballot'], [[w:''Democracy Now!''|''Democracy Now!'']], (8 October 2020)

*While we can't guarantee that candidates will stick to their campaign promises, we still must ask this vital question: What prospects for peace might each of them bring to the White House?In 1989, at the end of the [[Cold War]], former Pentagon officials [[Robert McNamara]] and {{w|Larry Korb}} told the Senate Budget Committee that the {{w|U.S. military budget}} could safely be cut by 50% over the next 10 years... Presidential campaigns are key moments for raising these issues. We are greatly encouraged by [[Tulsi Gabbard]]'s courageous decision to place solving the crisis of war and militarism at the heart of her presidential campaign. We thank [[Bernie Sanders]] for voting against the obscenely bloated military budget year after year, and for identifying the [[military-industrial complex]] as one of the most powerful interest groups that his political revolution must confront. We applaud [[Elizabeth Warren]] for condemning "the stranglehold of defense contractors on our military policy." And we welcome [[Marianne Williamson]], [[Andrew Yang]] and other original voices to this debate.
**[[Medea Benjamin]] & Nicolas J S Davies [https://www.commondreams.org/views/2019/03/27/war-and-peace-and-2020-presidential-candidates ''War and Peace and the 2020 Presidential Candidates, Common Dreams''] (27 March 2019)

*We need to hear a much more vigorous debate about war and peace in this campaign, with more specific plans from all the candidates. This vicious cycle of U.S. wars, militarism and runaway military spending drains our resources, corrupts our national priorities and undermines international cooperation, including on the existential dangers of climate change and nuclear weapons proliferation, which no country can solve on its own... We are calling for this debate most of all because we mourn the millions of people being killed by our country's wars and we want the killing to stop. If you have other priorities, we understand and respect that. But unless and until we address militarism and all the money it sucks out of our national coffers, it may well prove impossible to solve the other very serious problems facing the United States and the world in the 21st century.
**[[Medea Benjamin]] & Nicolas J S Davies [https://www.commondreams.org/views/2019/03/27/war-and-peace-and-2020-presidential-candidates ''War and Peace and the 2020 Presidential Candidates, Common Dreams''] (27 March 2019)

* [[Donald Trump|Trump]] spoke with [[Xi Jinping]] by phone on June 18, ahead of [[w:2019 G20 Osaka summit|2019's Osaka G20 summit]], when they would next meet. Trump began by telling Xi he missed him and then said that the most popular thing he had ever been involved with was making a trade deal with China, which would be a big plus politically. They agreed their economic teams could continue meeting. The [[w:2018 G20 Buenos Aires summit|G20 bilateral]] arrived, and during the usual media mayhem at the start, Trump said, "we've become friends. My trip to Beijing with my family was one of the most incredible of my life." With the press gone, Xi said this is the most important bilateral relationship in the world. He said that some (unnamed) political figures in the United States were making erroneous judgments by calling for a new cold war, this time between [[China–United States relations|China and the United States]]. Whether Xi meant to finger the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]], or some of us sitting on the US side of the table, I don't know, but Trump immediately assumed Xi meant the Democrats. Trump said approvingly that there was great hostility among the Democrats. He then, stunningly, turned the conversation to the coming US presidential election, alluding to China's economic capability to affect the ongoing campaigns, pleading with Xi to ensure he'd win. He stressed the importance of farmers, and increased Chinese purchases of soybeans and wheat in the electoral outcome. I would print Trump's exact words, but the government's prepublication review process [[w:Censorship in the United States#Trump administration|has decided otherwise]].
** [[John Bolton]], ''{{w|The Room Where It Happened}}'', ''{{w|Simon & Schuster}}'', 2020, [https://books.google.com/books?id=QjTMDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT202 p. 202] {{cite book |isbn=978-1-9821-4805-8}}

*[[Rev. William Barber II|Rev. William Barber]] says the 2020 election debates have steadfastly ignored the subject of poverty, even though it affected almost half the United States population before the COVID-19 pandemic and millions more people are struggling since then.
**[[w:Democracy Now!|Democracy Now!]] in [https://www.democracynow.org/2020/10/8/mike_pence_kamala_harris_vp_debate Rev. William Barber: Millions Are Struggling. So Why Do the Debates Ignore Poverty?, ''DemocracyNow''], (8 October 2020)

*During Wednesday’s debate, Vice President Mike Pence refused to commit to a peaceful transition of power if Biden wins the election. Instead, he referenced the Trump administration’s legal efforts to restrict mail-in voting. Rev. William Barber says the Republican Party’s voter suppression efforts ahead of the November election, aimed primarily at Black and Brown voters, amount to “surgical racism with surgical precision.” The Poor People’s Campaign, of which Barber is co-chair, is leading a major voter mobilization effort to combat voter disenfranchisement. “They know they cannot win if everybody votes. They are terribly afraid of poor and low-wealth Black and Brown people voting,” he says.
**[[w:Democracy Now!|Democracy Now!]] in [https://www.democracynow.org/2020/10/8/rev_william_barber_voting_2020 Rev. William Barber on Voter Suppression: Republicans Know They Can’t Win If Everyone Casts a Ballot'], [[w:''Democracy Now!''|''Democracy Now!'']], (8 October 2020)

*...We live in a society where some people have a great deal of power, and most people have very little. And that this works out well for the few and not so well for the many. This plays out in the political realm with the few using their power to support candidates who would maintain that power. In the past..[news] outlets told us very little about which candidates were beholden to whose interests... ensuring that few people outside the donor class were aware of who was doing the donating. A funny thing happened in the 21st century: The development of digital technologies made it much cheaper to create and distribute information... this ability allows us to have conversations about politics that we’ve always needed and never have had until now... These discussions of candidates’ financial and policy histories can look like negativity—because it’s seldom good news when a line can be drawn between where politicians gets their resources and how they do their jobs. But the possibility of picking nominees based on who can best serve the interests of voters rather than donors is really one of the most positive developments in modern politics.
**[[Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting|FAIR]] [https://fair.org/home/learning-the-downsides-of-candidates-is-a-big-upside-of-modern-media/ ''Learning the Downsides of Candidates Is a Big Upside of Modern Media,'' Jim Naureckas,] (27 March 2019)

* [[w:Criticism of response to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|The governments that have been negligent]] from the beginning [...] are afraid of demonstrating their ineptitude in the face of such [[Coronavirus pandemic|a health crisis]]. At the last minute, [[Donald Trump|Trump]] declared a "[[w:Public health emergency (United States)|national emergency]]" and agreed with the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] in [[United States Congress|Congress]] on a special package for {{w|sick leave}} and rapid [[COVID-19 testing|testing]]. If he appears incompetent in the face of [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|a crisis]] and thousands of [[w:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic#Deaths|people die]], he could lose the U.S. presidency, even to [[Joe Biden|Biden]].
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!]'' (March 14, 2020), ''Left Voice''.

* Elections that have been held with mail have found substantial fraud and coercion... For example, we indicted someone in Texas, 1,700 ballots collected, he — from people who could vote, he made them out and voted for the person he wanted to. OK?
** [https://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2020/09/04/ag-barrs-claim-of-1700-fraudulent-ballots-in-2017-dallas-city-council-race-not-true-prosecutor-says/ United States Attorney General] [[w:William Barr|William Barr]]

* Probably the most depressing thought is that Democrats are going to learn all the wrong lessons from this election, because the polls really do show Biden is up in a crushing way now. The reason for that is, very simply, Trump failed miserably on Covid-19, 209,000 Americans are dead as of the recording of this video, and the economy is a mess! So you have a terrible economy and you have over 200,000 deaths from a pandemic, and you have general chaos. So, the election is a referendum on Trump and on those things, and a ham sandwich could beat Trump, but the lesson that the Democrats are going to take away is, 'Oh, Joe Biden is awesome, which means the establishment is awesome, which means the status quo is awesome, which means neoliberal corporatism is awesome, which means business as usual is awesome, which means let's continue with this formula for decades.'
**[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prmlXP7W2uE&t=4m17s Kyle Kulinski: Biden's Black Outreach = A Bunch of Celebrity Endorsements] (October 6, 2020)

==See also==
* [[Joe Biden]]
* [[Kamala Harris]]
* [[Mike Pence]]
* [[Donald Trump]]

== External links ==
{{wikipedia}}

[[Category:Politics]]
[[Category:United States]]
[[Category:Democracy|elections United States]]

China

2020-10-19T15:42:10Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880567 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:Flag of China.svg|thumb|There are some bored foreigners, with full stomachs, who have nothing better to do than point fingers at us… First, China doesn't export Revolution; second, China doesn't export hunger and poverty; third, China doesn't come and cause you headaches, what more is there to be said? ~ [[Xi Jinping]]]]
[[File:National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg|thumb|The problem for China is [[political]]. China is held together by [[money]], not [[ideology]]. ~ [[George Friedman]]]]
[[File:Forbidden City Beijing Shenwumen Gate.JPG|thumb|The Chinese are a great nation, incapable of permanent suppression by foreigners. They will not consent to adopt our vices in order to acquire military strength; but they are willing to adopt our virtues in order to advance in wisdom. I think they are the only people in the world who quite genuinely believe that wisdom is more precious than rubies. ~ [[Bertrand Russell]]]]
[[File:BeijingWatchTower.jpg|thumb|The Chinese are less a nation than a fusion of peoples united by a common culture, and the history of China is the record of an expanding culture. ~ [[Wikipedia:Charles Patrick Fitzgerald|Charles Patrick Fitzgerald]]]]
[[File:Shanghai - Pudong - Lujiazui.jpg|thumb|The Chinese in themselves have first rate recommendations. They are industrious, docile, cleanly, frugal. They are dexterous of hand, patient in toil, marvelously gifted in the power of imitation, and have but few wants. ~ [[Frederick Douglass]]]]
[[File:Shanghai pudong.jpg|thumb|I doubt if the Chinese are more untruthful than other people. At this point I have one certain test. Mankind are not held together by lies. Trust is the foundation of society. Where there is no truth, there can be no trust, and where there is no trust, there can be no society. Where there is society, there is trust, and where there is trust, there is something upon which it is supported. Now a people who have confided in each other for five thousand years; who have extended their empire in all directions until it embraces one-fifth of the population of the globe; who hold important commercial relations with all nations; who are now entering into treaty stipulations with ourselves, and with all the great European powers, cannot be a nation of cheats and liars. ~ [[Frederick Douglass]]]]
[[File:Night view from the Bund.jpg|thumb|When our thousands of Chinese students abroad return home, you will see how China will transform itself. ~ [[Deng Xiaoping]]]]
[[File:Lujiazui at night, Shanghai.JPG|thumb|Little of China's dramatic [[economic growth]] is finding its way into the pockets of Chinese consumers; the byproduct of an economy driven by massive state-owned enterprises rather than private industry. ~ [[Ian Bremmer]]]]
[[File:Chinese_sailors_qingdao.jpg|thumb|The Chinese said of themselves several thousand years ago, China is a sea that salts all the waters that flow into it. ~ [[Winston Churchill]]]]
[[File:Shanghai skyline at night, panoramic. China, East Asia-2.jpg|thumb|The Chinese are industrious, courageous, honest, and intelligent. They created the splendid ancient Chinese civilization, and today, they're firmly committed to the path of peaceful development and are making continuous progress. ~ [[Hu Jintao|Jintao Hu]]]]
[[File:China Senate House.jpg|thumb|China should represent the development trends of [[W:Theory of the productive forces|advanced productive forces]], the orientations of an advanced culture and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. ~ [[Jiang Zemin|Zemin Jiang]]]]
[[File:Soldiers of the Chinese People's Liberation Army - 2011.jpg|thumb|I should esteem the man who advised a war with China to be the greatest living enemy of my country. You would be beaten in the end. ~ [[Napoleon Bonaparte]]]]
[[File:Nanking bodies 1937.jpg|thumb|China is such a populous nation, it is not as if we cannot do without a few people. ~ [[Mao Zedong]]]]
[[File:National Revolutionary Army troops.png|thumb|It's better to have reform than revolution, but in Chinese history this cycle repeats itself. ~ [[w:Zhang Lifan|Lifan Zhang]]]]
[[File:Flag of the Republic of China.JPG|thumb|The invader will lose funds or patience before the loins of China will lose virility. ~ [[w:Will Durant|Will Durant]] and [[w:Ariel Durant|Ariel Durant]]]]
[[File:North Korea - China friendship (5578914865).jpg|thumb|If I lived in China or even [[Russia]], or any [[totalitarian]] country, maybe I could understand the denial of certain basic [[First Amendment]] privileges, because they hadn't committed themselves to that over there. ~ [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]]]]
[[File:Yangshuo-Plakate-KangzhanLu-16-SDI2741.jpg|thumb|China as a society, a government, an economy and a culture is quite difficult for us to comprehend today. The changes are so rapid in cities like Beijing and Shanghai and the culture remarkably fluid... China is increasingly influential in the world and more and more people have hopes that China will be a leader... China has ended up playing a critical role in geopolitics more quickly than anybody had anticipated.~{{w|Emanuel Pastreich}}]]
[[File:High speed rail, hangzhou.jpg|thumb|China is getting ahead simply because of its courage, hard work, the genius of its people, and all this, under the wise leadership... and its central planning... doing the greatest service to humanity... ~Andre Vltchek]]
[[File:CRH High Speed Rail (30359585927).jpg|thumb|China is building, inventing, struggling and marching forward, confidently, surrounded by friends, but independently. ~Andre Vltchek]]
'''[[w:China|China]]''', officially the '''[[w:China|People's Republic of China]]''' ('''PRC'''; [[w:Chinese language|Chinese]]: ''中华人民共和国''; [[w:Pinyin|pinyin]]: ''Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó''), is a [[Countries|country]] located in eastern Eurasia. Also a cultural region and ancient civilization, it is one of the world's oldest civilizations, with successive states and cultures dating back more than six thousand years. Due to the stalemate of the [[w:Chinese Civil War|Chinese Civil War]] following the end of [[World War II]], China split off into two separate countries: the [[w:China|People's Republic of China]] (PRC) and [[w:Taiwan|Republic of China]] (ROC), more commonly known as "Taiwan". The PRC administers and governs mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau, whereas the ROC only manages to control Taiwan and its surrounding islands. Each government claims that it is the only legitimate government of China and refuses to recognize the other. However, the PRC is recognized as the only official government of China by the [[United Nations]] and the overwhelming majority of the world's countries and is what most of the world's peoples refer to as "China".

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==Quotes==
===A===
*A neighbor with one billion people equipped with nuclear bombs and has expanded its military outlays by double digits for 17 years in a row, and it is unclear as to what this is being used for. It is beginning to be a considerable threat.
**[[Tarō Asō]], as quoted in [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4551642.stm "Japan alarmed by Chinese 'threat'"], ''BBC'' (22 December 2005)

===B===
*China’s everything. Nothing else matters. We don’t get China right, we don’t get anything right. This whole thing is very simple. China is where Nazi Germany was in 1929 to 1930. The Chinese, like the Germans, are the most rational people in the world, until they’re not. And they’re gonna flip like Germany in the '30s. You’re going to have a hypernationalist state, and once that happens, you can’t put the genie back in the bottle.
**[[Steve Bannon]], as quoted in [http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2018/01/michael-wolff-fire-and-fury-book-donald-trump.html "Donald Trump Didn’t Want to Be President"] (January 2017), by Michael Wolff, ''NY Mag''

*The most striking [[cultural]] shifts in China over the last two decades or so has been the revival, both orchestrated and spontaneous, of tradition. The main trope for [[W:Culture of the People's Republic of China|culture]] in the twentieth century, especially since 1949, has been anti-[[traditionalism]]. As far back as the {{w|May 4th movement}} in 1919, and before, whether it was the financial [[elite]], the [[liberals]], the [[Marxists]], or [[anarchists]] they all agreed that China was poor and that one of the causes of that state of affairs was the backward traditional [[W:Chinese culture|culture]]... We have witnessed a dramatic reevaluation of tradition in China, and also in other {{w|East Asian}} countries with a [[Confucian]] heritage such as [[Korea]]. This part of the world has witnessed rapid growth over the last three decades that has sharply reduced poverty and the region has remained at peace. So when people look around and ask what do all these countries have in common, one answer is their Confucian heritage. So whereas the previous narrative was that Confucianism undermined modernization and [[economic growth]], now many argue that it actually helps... Chinese thinkers gave much thought to how to select able and virtuous [[political]] [[leaders]], which abilities matter and which virtues matter? Chinese pondered about, and experimented with, mechanisms for selecting leaders. And that tradition continues on today. Over the last thirty years in China, the political leadership has been selected first and foremost through examinations, followed by evaluations of performance at lower levels of government. No one rises to the top without extensive experience at all levels. And that approach is quite similar in form to what we have seen throughout much of Chinese imperial history. I do think that the central {{w|political ideas}} articulated in Chinese culture ought to serve as the standard for evaluating political progress or regress in China. And I do think those values are different from the liberal ideas embraced... China has been thrust into this global [[role]] very quickly, perhaps far more quickly than anybody imagined, including the Chinese. The relative political and economic weight of China has increased so dramatically as to be disorienting to Chinese. When people talk about the achievements of China over the past thirty years the most commonly cited one is poverty reduction. About half a billion people were lifted out of poverty, in part due to energizing the people through market reforms. But that process was only possible because there were public officials overseeing the work and they were promoted based on their performance. Political meritocracy itself is a key to reducing poverty... But the other achievement of China is that it has not fought a war since 1979.
** {{w|Daniel A. Bell}}, as quoted in [http://thediplomat.com/2015/12/interview-daniel-bell/ "Chinese meritocracy and the limits of democracy"] (17 December 2015), by {{w|Emanuel Pastreich}}, ''The Diplomat''

*If I were an Englishman, '''I should esteem the man who advised a war with China to be the greatest living enemy of my country. You would be beaten in the end''', and perhaps a revolution in India would follow.
** [[Napoleon Bonaparte]], reported as being from an 1817 conversation in ''The Mind of Napoleon'', ed. and trans. J. Christopher Herold (1955), p. 249. Reported as unverified in ''Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations'' (1989)

*A 'superpower' is a country that wields enough military, political and economic might to convince nations in all parts of the world to do things they otherwise wouldn't. '''Pundits have rushed to label China the next superpower''', and so have many ordinary Americans... Little of China's dramatic economic growth is finding its way into the pockets of Chinese consumers; the byproduct of '''an economy driven by massive state-owned enterprises rather than private''' industry.
**[[Ian Bremmer]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20150528161550/http://time.com/3899972/us-superpower-status-military/ "These Are the 5 Reasons Why the U.S. Remains the World's Only Superpower: Why Washington can still claim global primacy in the 21st century"] (28 May 2015), ''Time''

* The United States welcomes the emergence of a China that is peaceful and prosperous and that supports international institutions.
** [[George W. Bush]], speech at the White House (April 2006), as quoted in [http://www.c-span.org/video/?192123-1/chinese-president-arrival-ceremony "Chinese President Arrival Ceremony"] (20 April 2006), ''C-SPAN''

===C===
* There is a tendency in parts of Chinese thinking which says: ''"We need not only to be an important power in the region, we need to dominate the region!"''.
** [[Ashton Carter]], [http://www.charlierose.com/ interview with Charlie Rose] (February 2016)

*I normalized diplomatic relations with [[China]] in 1979. Since 1979, do you know how many times China has been at war with anybody? None. And we have stayed at [[war.]] (The United States is) the most warlike nation in the history of the world... How many miles of [[High-speed rail|high-speed railroad]] do we have in this country?... We have wasted, I think, $3 trillion ([[Military-industrial complex|military spending]]) ... China has not wasted a single penny on war, and that's why they're ahead of us. In almost every way... And I think the difference is if you take $3 trillion and put it in American infrastructure, you'd probably have $2 trillion left over. We'd have high-speed railroad. We'd have bridges that aren't collapsing. We'd have roads that are maintained properly. Our [[education system]] would be as good as that of, say, South Korea or Hong Kong.
**[[Jimmy Carter]] quoted in [https://www.npr.org/2019/04/15/713495558/president-trump-called-former-president-jimmy-carter-to-talk-about-china President Trump Called Former President Jimmy Carter To Talk About China, Emma Hurt, ''NPR''] (April 15, 2019)

*Do not take it for granted that China is number two, and do not make the assumption that we will be number one sooner or later.
**[[w:Chen Deming|Chen Deming]], as quoted in [https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/opinion/article/3006892/if-china-thinks-its-overtaking-us-any-time-soon-heres-wake-call "If China thinks it’s overtaking the US any time soon, here’s a wake-up call"] (21 April 2019), by Cary Huang, ''This Week in Asia'', SCMP

*The Chinese said of themselves several thousand years ago: "China is a sea that salts all the waters that flow into it." There's another Chinese saying about their country which is much more modern—it dates only from the fourth century. This is the saying: "The tail of China is large and will not be wagged." I like that one. The British democracy approves the principles of movable party heads and unwaggable national tails. It is due to the working of these important forces that I have the honor to be addressing you at this moment.
** [[Winston Churchill]], address to a joint session of Congress, Washington, D.C. (17 January 1952); reported in ''Winston S. Churchill: His Complete Speeches, 1897–1963, ed. Robert Rhodes James (1974), vol. 8, p. 8,326

*The People's Republic of China is still a Marxist, Leninist, Maoist nation. So, you know, communism is still involved there. They haven't figured their way out of that particularly ideological box yet and that's their misfortune.
**[[Tom Clancy]], on [http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0008/26/lklw.00.html ''Larry King Live Weekend''] (27 August 2000)

*China and [[Iran]] have drafted a “sweeping economic and security partnership,” according to ''The New York Times''... This “strategic partnership” is the result of [[Donald Trump]]’s punishing [[W: Sanctions against Iran|sanctions against Iran]]... If China and Iran conclude their partnership agreement, Trump would presumably be less likely to use military force against Iran. If he did, he would have to be willing to take on China as well. That would be most unwise.
**[[Marjorie Cohn]], [https://truthout.org/articles/trumps-harsh-sanctions-lead-to-iran-china-partnership/?utm_campaign=Truthout+Share+Buttons Trump’s Harsh Sanctions Lead to Iran-China Partnership, ''Truthout''] (13 July 2020)

===D===
* When our thousands of Chinese students abroad return home, you will see how China will transform itself.
** [[Deng Xiaoping]], as quoted in ''Forbes'', Vol. 176, Editions 7-13 (2005), p. 79

*The emperor hold upon the Chinamen may be strong, but the Chinaman's hold upon himself is stronger... The Chinaman will not long be willing to wear the cast off shoes of the negro, and, if he refuses, there will be trouble again. The negro [[Slavery|worked and took his pay in religion and the lash]]. '''The Chinaman is a different article and will want the cash. He may, like the negro, accept Christianity, but, unlike the negro, he will not care to pay for it in labor. He had the Golden Rule in substance five hundred years before the coming of Christ''', and has notions of justice that are not to be confused by any... Chinese children are in American schools in San Francisco. None of our children are in Chinese schools, and probably never will be, though in some things they might well teach us valuable lessons. Contact with these yellow children of the Celestial Empire would convince us that the points of human difference, great as they, upon first sight, seem, are as nothing compared with the points of human agreement. Such contact would remove [[Bigotry|mountains of prejudice]]... The Chinese in themselves have first rate recommendations. They are industrious, docile, cleanly, frugal. They are dexterous of hand, patient in toil, marvelously gifted in the power of imitation, and have but few wants.
**[[Frederick Douglass]], [http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/document/our-composite-nationality/ ''Our Composite Nationality''] (7 December 1869), Boston, Massachusetts.

*It is objected to the Chinaman that he is secretive and treacherous, and will not tell the truth when he thinks it for his interest to tell a lie. There may be truth in all this; it sounds very much like the account of man’s heart given in the creeds. If he will not tell the truth, except when it is for his interest to do so, let us make it for his interest to tell the truth. We can do it by applying to him the same principle of justice that we apply to ourselves. But I doubt if the Chinese are more untruthful than other people. At this point I have one certain test. '''Mankind are not held together by lies. Trust is the foundation of society. Where there is no truth, there can be no trust, and where there is no trust, there can be no society. Where there is society, there is trust, and where there is trust, there is something upon which it is supported. Now a people who have confided in each other for five thousand years; who have extended their empire in all directions until it embraces one-fifth of the population of the globe; who hold important commercial relations with all nations; who are now entering into treaty stipulations with ourselves, and with all the great European powers, cannot be a nation of cheats and liars''', but must have some respect for veracity. The very existence of China for so long a period, and her progress in civilization, are proofs of her truthfulness
** [[Frederick Douglass]], [http://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/document/our-composite-nationality/ ''Our Composite Nationality''] (7 December 1869), Boston, Massachusetts.

*No victory of arms, or tyranny of alien finance, can long suppress a nation so rich in resources and vitality. '''The invader will lose funds or patience before the loins of China will lose virility; within a century China will have absorbed and civilized her [[conquerors]], and will have learned all the technique of what transiently bears the name of modern industry'''; roads and communications will give her unity, economy and thrift will give her funds, and a strong government will give her order and peace.
** [[Will Durant]] and {{w|Ariel Durant}}, ''{{w|The Story of Civilization}}'', Book I, ''Our Oriental Heritage'' (1935) p. 823.

*As [[India]] is ''par excellence'' the land of [[metaphysics]] and [[religion]], China is by like preeminence the home of humanistic, or non-theological, [[philosophy]].
** [[Will Durant]] and {{w|Ariel Durant}}, ''{{w|The Story of Civilization}}'', Book I, ''Our Oriental Heritage'' (1935) 5. The Pre-Confucian Philosophers

* The average Chinese is at once an animist, a Taoist, a Buddhist and a Confucianist.
** [[Will Durant]] and {{w|Ariel Durant}}, ''{{w|The Story of Civilization}}'', Book I, ''Our Oriental Heritage'' (1935) (IV. RELIGION WITHOUT A CHURCH)

===E===
* Most people with mental disorders in China never receive treatment. There is often a stigma attached to such ailments. Some think that people with psychiatric conditions are possessed by evil spirits. Many see mental disorders as a sign of weakness, and regard them as socially contagious: a relative of someone with a serious disorder may find it hard to marry. Families sometimes have their kin treated far away to hide the “shame” of their condition, or keep them hidden at home. Even many medical students worry that those working with psychiatric patients risk catching their disease, says Xu Ni of “It Gets Brighter”, a mental-health NGO in [[Beijing]].
** ''The Economist'', [https://www.economist.com/china/2017/01/28/china-wakes-up-to-its-mental-health-problems “China wakes up to its mental-health problems”], (Jan 28th 2017).

===F===
*They're not terribly imaginative. They’re not entrepreneurial. They don't innovate. That's why they're stealing our intellectual property.
**[[Carly Fiorina]], as quoted in "Carly Fiorina Calls The Chinese Unimaginative Idea Thieves", by Lydia O'Connor, ''The Huffington Post'' (25 May 2015).

* The Chinese are less a nation than a fusion of peoples united by a common culture, and the history of China is the record of an expanding culture.
** {{w|Charles Patrick Fitzgerald}}, ''China: A Short Cultural History'' (1965).

* [[w:Economy of China#Development|[Chinese development]] has its roots in the [[w:Chinese Communist Revolution|1949 Chinese Revolution]], carried out by the {{w|Chinese Communist Party}} headed by [[Mao Zedong]], whereby it liberated itself from the imperialist system. This allowed it to develop for decades under a [[planned economy]] largely free of constraints from outside forces, establishing a strong [[w:Agriculture in China|agricultural]] and [[w:Industry of China|industrial]] economic base. This was followed by a shift in the [[w:Chinese economic reform|post-Maoist reform]] period to a [[w:Mixed economy|hybrid system]] of more limited state planning along with a much greater reliance on market relations (and a vast expansion of [[w:National debt of China|debt]] and [[speculation]]) under conditions—the [[globalization]] of the world market—that were particularly fortuitous to its “[[w:Convergence (economics)|catching up]].” Through {{w|trade war}}s and other pressures aimed at destabilizing China’s position in the world market, the [[China–United States relations|United States]] is already [[w:China–United States trade war|seeking to challenge]] the bases of China’s growth in [[w:International trade|world trade]]. China, therefore, stands not so much for the successes of {{w|late capitalism}} but rather for its inherent limitations. The [[w:Socialist market economy|current Chinese model]], moreover, carries within it many of the destructive tendencies of the system of capital accumulation. Ultimately, China’s future too depends on a return to the process of [[w:Revolutionary socialism|revolutionary]] transition, spurred by its own [[w:Demographics of China|population]].
** [[John Bellamy Foster]], ''[https://monthlyreview.org/2019/02/01/capitalism-has-failed-what-next/ Capitalism Has Failed—What Next?]'' (February 01, 2019), ''{{w|Monthly Review}}''

* The problem for China is political. China is held together by money, not ideology. When there is an economic downturn and the money stops rolling in, not only will the banking system spasm, but the entire fabric of Chinese society will shudder. Loyalty in China is either bought or coerced. Without available money, only coercion remains. Business slowdowns can generally lead to instability because they lead to business failure and unemployment. In a country where poverty is endemic and unemployment widespread, the added pressure of an economic downturn will result in political instability.
**[[George Friedman]], [https://web-beta.archive.org/web/20170628085246/http://www.mysearch.org.uk/website1/pdf/715.2.pdf ''The Next 100 Years: A Forecast for the 21st Century''] (2009), p. 96, Doubleday

===G===

*China’s capacity to meet new demands for agricultural products has been assessed by analysts inside and outside China since the 1980s. Economists have anticipated that market forces would induce China to import grains and other land-intensive crops, but Chinese officials (motivated by food security and other concerns) have long resisted these forces and sought to maintain self-sufficiency. However, officials are now adjusting their strategies to accommodate their country’s growing reliance on agricultural imports.
**Fred Gale, James Hansen, and Michael Jewison, [http://www.ers.usda.gov/media/1784488/eib136.pdf "China's Growing Demand for Agricultural Imports"] (February 2015), ''United States Department of Agriculture''.

:'''[[Bart Simpson]]''': What happened to you, China? You used to be cool.
:'''Chinese delegate''': Hey, China's still cool!
:* ''{{w|Bart to the Future}} (19 March 2000), ''The Simpsons'', written by {{w|Dan Greaney}}. [https://listenonrepeat.com/watch/?v=cSIdB-IYIqk]

* {{w|Chinese people}} have no recourse to anything like an {{w|independent judiciary}}. [[W:Communist Party of China|The Communist Party]] decides if you’re guilty or innocent. The conviction rate stands in excess of 98 per cent. [[W:Human rights in China#Torture|Torture]] and {{w|forced confessions}} are commonplace. [[Xi Jinping|Xi]] has lately embarked on a vicious campaign of [[W:Human rights in China|harassment and intimidation]] of {{w|workers’ rights}} activists, [[W:Ethnic minorities in China|ethnic]] and [[W:Religion in China|religious]] [[minorities]], and [[W:Feminism in China|feminists]]. Scores of [[W:China human rights organizations|human rights lawyers]] have been rounded up and jailed.
** {{w|Terry Glavin}}, speaking about the {{w|judicial system of China}}. [http://www.macleans.ca/politics/china-is-no-friend-to-canada/ "China is no Friend to Canada"] (2017), ''MacLeans''

* The Chinese are emphatically not a religious people, though they are very superstitious. Belief in a God has come down from the remotest ages, but the old simple creed has been so overlaid by Buddhism as not to be discernible at the present day. Buddhism is now the dominant religion of China. It is closely bound up with the lives of the people, and is a never-failing refuge in sickness or worldly trouble. It is no longer the subtle doctrine which was originally presented to the people of India, but something much more clearly defined and appreciable by the plainest intellect. Buddha is the saviour of the people through righteousness alone, and Buddhist saints are popularly supposed to possess intercessory powers. Yet reverence is always wanting; and crowds will laugh and talk, and buy and sell sweetmeats, in a Buddhist temple, before the very eyes of the most sacred images. So long as divine intervention is not required, an ordinary Chinaman is content to neglect his divinities; but no sooner does sickness or financial trouble come upon the family, than he will hurry off to propitiate the gods. He accomplishes this through the aid of the priests, who receive his offerings of money, and light candles or incense at the shrine of the deity to be invoked. Buddhist priests are not popular with the Chinese, who make fun of their shaven heads, and doubt the sincerity of their convictions as well as the purity of their lives. "No meat nor wine may enter here" is a legend inscribed at the gate of most Buddhist temples, the ordinary diet as served in the refectory being strictly vegetarian. A tipsy priest, however, is not an altogether unheard-of combination, and has provided more than one eminent artist with a subject of an interesting picture.
** [[w:Herbert Giles|Herbert Allen Giles]], in [https://www.gutenberg.org/files/2076/2076-h/2076-h.htm ''The Civilization of China'' (1911)], Chapter III : Religion and Superstition

* Let us now pause to take stock of some of the results which have accrued from the operation and influence of Confucianism during such a long period, and over such swarming myriads of the human race. It is a commonplace in the present day to assert that the Chinese are hardworking, thrifty, and sober—the last-mentioned, by the way, in a land where drunkenness is not regarded as a crime. Shallow observers of the globe-trotter type, who have had their pockets picked by professional thieves in Hong-Kong, and even resident observers who have not much cultivated their powers of observation and comparison, will assert that honesty is a virtue denied to the Chinese; but those who have lived long in China and have more seriously devoted themselves to discover the truth, may one and all be said to be arrayed upon the other side. The amount of solid honesty to be met with in every class, except the professionally criminal class, is simply astonishing. That the word of the Chinese merchant is as good as his bond has long since become a household word, and so it is in other walks of life.
** Herbert Allen Giles, in ''The Civilization of China'' (1911), Chapter III : Religion and Superstition

*[N]early every political evil can be found on display in China: slavery, discrimination, religious persecution, xenophobia, tyranny, mass-political indoctrination, colonialism, cultural genocide, and so on. And yet, the outcry against these things in America and the West is a tiny fraction of what it was with regard to South Africa in the 1980s or Israel today. Why? Some of the political answers are pretty obvious — and have much merit. A few that come to mind: China is non-Western, and many of these sins are supposed to be unique to white Europeans; China is a victim (or “victim”) of colonialism, and so we shouldn’t judge it harshly; China is very powerful, and realpolitik dictates that we be diplomatic; and so on. But there’s another reason. As you may have noticed, I’ve become much more interested in evolutionary psychology of late, particularly the topic of coalitional instincts. The coalition instinct is the programming that helped us form strategic groups that advance our self-interest. We are a social species and cooperation is what helped us skyrocket to the top of the food chain.
**[[Jonah Goldberg]], [https://www.nationalreview.com/g-file/coalition-instinct-and-tribal-politics-in-age-of-trump/ "When Evil Becomes Inconvenient"] (24 August 2018), ''National Review Online''

===H===
*So far, the [[world economy]], particularly [[Australia]] and the [[United States]], have benefited greatly from Chinese economic growth. This is likely to continue to be the case for some time... There is no real alternative to the United States as the global leader. '''China doesn't want the role. It would only divert its focus from its own development challenges. And to be frank, China would not be trusted by many countries''', particularly in the {{w|Asia-Pacific}}, to be the global leader... Authoritarian {{w|state capitalism}}, seen today in China and [[Russia]]. While both countries have introduced elements of a market economy, private companies there operate side-by-side and at a significant disadvantage to state owned entities favored by government regulators. This mixed economy is not paralleled on the political side. What is emerging is an increasingly [[authoritarian]] [[W:Government of China|political system]] with decreasing space for civil society, free media, and dissent. This model is attractive to authoritarian leaders around the world who see it as way to maintain power while still growing their economies.
** {{w|Stephen J. Hadley}}, [http://www.lowyinstitute.org/publications/americas-role-world-stephen-j-hadley "America's Role In The World"] (30 October 2014), ''Lowy Institute''.

*We are also seeing a diffusion of power and competition at the nation state level. This competition comes not just from [[Russia]] and China, but also from emerging countries like [[Brazil]], India, Indonesia, and the other ASEAN states. These states are also beginning to organize themselves into structures outside of and somewhat in competition... We must find a way to convince the SCO and BRICS institutions to see themselves not as competitors but as collaborators and partners with the rest of us. The role of China will be key in this effort. Neither China nor the United States can solve global challenges by themselves. And both China and the United States need progress in meeting these challenges if they are to achieve their own objectives for the development and economic well being of their people. A way must be found for the United States and China to work together with the rest of the international community to meet the global challenges we face.
**[[w:Stephen J. Hadley|Stephen J. Hadley]], [http://www.lowyinstitute.org/publications/americas-role-world-stephen-j-hadley "America's Role In The World"] (30 October 2014), ''Lowy Institute''.

* Asia now stands at the dawn a new history of civilization to create its own future, finally emerging from the long tunnel of 150 years of westernization and overcoming the ideological conflicts of the twentieth century. Having achieved advanced industrialization based on market economics in the latter half of the twentieth century, the region is now home to some 900 million people in the middle class and about 1.1 billion 'netizens' connected by the Internet. Within certain East Asian countries, civil society and democracy are flourishing. Now, China and the ASEAN nations are progressing on their own courses. East Asia is on the verge of birthing a new era marked by civil society and democracy.
**[[w:Stephan Haggard|Stephan Haggard]] and [[w:Marcus Noland|Marcus Noland]] [http://blogs.piie.com/nk/?p=14403 "2015 Joint Statement by Korean, Japanese and International Scholars: For East Asia's 'Freedom from the Past'"] (20 August 2015), ''Peter G. Peterson Institute for International Economics''.

* As a foreign literature it is studied also by the Coreans, the Japanese, and the Annamites; and it may therefore be quite appropriately called the Classic Literature of the Far East. The civilization of all these nations has been affected by its study, perhaps even in a higher degree than that of the nations of Europe has been by the literatures of Greece and Rome. Millions received from it, in the course of centuries, their mental training. The Chinese who created it have through it perpetuated their national character and imparted some of their idiosyncrasies of thought to their formerly illiterate neighbors.
** [[w:Friedrich Hirth|Friedrich Hirth]], Columbia University Professor of Chinese, "Chinese Literature" in [[s:Lectures on Literature (1911)|Lectures on Literature]] (1911), [[s:Page:Columbia University Lectures on Literature (1911).djvu/81|page 67]]

*The Chinese are industrious, courageous, honest, and intelligent. They created the splendid ancient Chinese civilization, and today, they're firmly committed to the path of peaceful development and are making continuous progress in the modernization drive by carrying out the reform and opening up program.
**[[Hu Jintao|Jintao Hu]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20130503110022/http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/04/20060420.html "President Bush and President Hu of People's Republic of China Participate in Arrival Ceremony "] (20 April 2006), by J. Hu, Washington, D.C.: White House.

*The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will definitely be accompanied by the thriving of Chinese culture.
**[[Hu Jintao|Jintao Hu]], [http://listenonrepeat.com/watch/?v=7aE66iIUi9U#David_Shambaugh_-_China_Goes_Global%3A_The_Partial_Power address to the 17th Chinese Communist Party Congress] (2008)

===J===
*A review of our party's seventy-plus-year history elicits an important conclusion. Our party earned the people's support during the historical periods of revolution, construction and reform because it always represented the requirements for developing [[w:China|China]]'s [[W:Theory of the productive forces|advanced productive forces]], the orientation of [[w:China|China]]'s advanced culture and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people. The party also earned popular support because it fought tirelessly to realize the fundamental interests of the country and the people by formulating a correct line, principles and policies. Today, humanity once again stands at the beginning of a new century and a new millennium. How our party can better effectuate the Three Represents under the new historical conditions is a major issue all Party comrades, especially high-ranking party cadres, must consider deeply... The Communist Party of China should represent the development trends of advanced productive forces, the orientations of an advanced culture and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people of China.
**[[Jiang Zemin|Zemin Jiang]], "[[w:Three Represents|The Three Represents]]" (25 February 2000).

*We want to learn from the west about science and technology and how to manage the economy, but this must be combined with specific conditions here. That's how we have made great progress in the last twenty years.
**[[Jiang Zemin|Zemin Jiang]], as quoted in [https://web.archive.org/web/20140306052558/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/jiang-zemin-talks-with-wallace/ "Jiang Zemin Talks With Wallace"] (August 2000), ''CBS''.

*This experience and the historical experiences gained by the Party since its founding can be summarized as follows: Our Party must always represent the requirements for developing China's advanced productive forces, the orientation of China's advanced culture and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people. These are the inexorable requirements for maintaining and developing socialism, and the logical conclusion our Party has reached through hard exploration and great praxis.
**[[Jiang Zemin|Zemin Jiang]], work report at the Communist Party of China Congress (8 November 2002), as quoted in ''Selected Works of Jiang Zemin'', Eng. ed., FLP, Beijing, 2013, Vol. III, p. 519.

===K===

* The Chinese have always struck me as pretty cautious, even crafty, in managing their rise. It's true that they’re a lot more aggressive since 2009, but I don't see them suddenly becoming reckless. I always found that factoid that '''the PRC spends more on internal than external security to be indicative that CCP is, in fact, very insecure at the top. It's got to have an ideology with foreign enemies, otherwise the Chinese people might see the real enemy, the CCP's corruption, rejection of democracy''' and unwillingness to admit the horrors of {{w|Maoism}}.
** {{w|Robert E. Kelly}}, as quoted in [http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/12/01/national/does-china-adiz-take-focus-off-real-enemy/#.VWG2IE9VhBe "Does China ADIZ take focus off 'real enemy'?: To many experts, Beijing's foreign policy is a byproduct of domestic issues"] (1 December 2013), by [[Max Fisher]], ''The Washington Post''.

*China believes it is the center of the universe. Look at its [[flag]]; one big star surrounded by satellite stars. '''Arrogant!'''
**[[Nguyen Khanh]], as quoted in [http://web.archive.org/web/20080921114015/http://65.45.193.26:8026/cms/acct/vietweekly/issues/vw3n18/english/bagOfEarth.html "A Bag of Earth, A Promise To Keep"] (28 April 2005), ''Viet Weekly'', by Mike Nally

* [[W:China–Vietnam relations|China presents Vietnam]] with a very big problem. China is taking over [[Vietnam]], from [[W:Cholon, Ho Chi Minh City|Cholon]], where there are rich Chinese, to {{w|Haiphong}}. They are everywhere now with their product. My wife is from the North, people there [[W:Sinophobia|resent China]] more than the South feared the {{w|Viet Cong}}. The Chinese are invaders, like any other foreigners, to fight. We must stop the Chinese. You know the dikes built on the [[W:Red River (Asia)|Red River]]? If they break, what happens? A flood!
**[[Nguyen Khanh]], as quoted in [http://web.archive.org/web/20080921114015/http://65.45.193.26:8026/cms/acct/vietweekly/issues/vw3n18/english/bagOfEarth.html "A Bag of Earth, A Promise To Keep"] (28 April 2005), ''Viet Weekly''

*I hear from higher up that China seems to be succeeding on many fronts – engineering, commerce, hotels, agriculture - everything. '''In many ways, don’t we need to take them as a model example for [[North Korea|us]]?'''
** [[Kim Jong-un]] as recalled by by household chef Kenji Fujimoto [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-kimjongun-insight/the-thinking-behind-kim-jong-uns-madness-idUSKBN1DU15Y "The thinking behind Kim Jong Un's 'madness'"]

*Back in about 1753 it took a letter three days to go from [[New York City]] to Washington, and today you can go from here to China in less time than that... Man's scientific genius has been amazing.
** [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]], ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20090129133622/http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/kingpapers/article/rediscovering_lost_values/ Rediscovering Lost Values]'', Sermon delivered at Detroit's Second Baptist Church (28 February 1954).

*If I lived in China or even [[Russia]], or any [[totalitarian]] country, maybe I could understand the denial of certain basic [First Amendment]] privileges, because they hadn't committed themselves to that over there.
**[[Martin Luther King, Jr.]], ''[http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/documentsentry/ive_been_to_the_mountaintop/ I've Been to the Mountaintop]'' (1968).'

===O===

*When it comes to every important international issue, people of the world do not look to Beijing or Moscow to lead.
** [[Barack Obama]], [https://medium.com/@WhiteHouse/president-obama-s-2016-state-of-the-union-address-7c06300f9726#.flsvqkay9 State of the Union address] (12 January 2016).

*For years, Chinese intellectuals distinguished between words and actions. Western political ideas could be discussed in China as long as nobody tried to enact them... Sealing China off from western ideas poses some practical problems... Chinese leaders since Deng Xiaoping have adhered to a principle known as 'Hide your strength, bide your time'... No diplomatic relationship matters more to China's future than its dealings with the United States... For years, American military leaders worried that there was a growing risk of an accidental clash between China and the U.S., in part because Beijing protested U.S. policies by declining meetings between senior commanders... A decade ago, the Chinese Internet was alive with debate, confession, humor, and discovery. Month by month, it is becoming more sterilized and self-contained. To the degree that China's connection to the outside world matters, the digital links are deteriorating. Voice-over-Internet calls, viral videos, podcasts, the minor accessories of contemporary digital life, are less reachable abroad than they were a year ago. It's an astonishing thing to observe in a rising superpower. How many countries in 2015 have an Internet connection to the world that is worse than it was a year ago?
**[[w:Evan Osnos|Evan Osnos]], [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/04/06/born-red "Born Red: How Xi Jinping, an unremarkable provincial administrator, became China’s most authoritarian leader since Mao."] (6 April 2015), ''The New Yorker''.

*China remains the world's largest manufacturer, with four trillion dollars in foreign-exchange reserves, a sum equivalent to the world’s fourth-largest economy... Last spring, China abolished registered-capital and other requirements for new companies, and in November it allowed foreign investors to trade shares directly on the Shanghai stock market for the first time... The risks to China's economy have rarely been more visible. The workforce is aging more quickly than in other countries, because of the one-child policy, and businesses are borrowing money more rapidly than they are earning it... The growth of demand for energy and raw materials has slowed, more houses and malls are empty, and nervous Chinese savers are sending money overseas, to protect it in the event of a crisis... To maintain economic growth, China is straining to promote innovation... After China had spent years investing in science and technology, the share of its economy devoted to research and development surpassed Europe's... The era of Xi Jinping has defied the assumption that China's fitful opening to the world is too critical and productive to stall.
**[[w:Evan Osnos|Evan Osnos]], [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/04/06/born-red "Born Red: How Xi Jinping, an unremarkable provincial administrator, became China’s most authoritarian leader since Mao."] (6 April 2015), ''The New Yorker''.

===P===

* China as a society, a government, an economy and a culture is quite difficult for us to comprehend today. The changes are so rapid in cities like Beijing and Shanghai and the culture remarkably fluid... China is increasingly influential in the world and more and more people have hopes that China will be a leader... China has ended up playing a critical role in geopolitics more quickly than anybody had anticipated.
** {{w|Emanuel Pastreich}}, [http://thediplomat.com/2015/12/interview-daniel-bell/ "Chinese meritocracy and the limits of democracy"] (17 December 2015), ''The Diplomat''

*The Chinese are rejecting western values and multiparty democracy... It seems very incongruous to be, on the one hand, so committed to fostering more competition and market-driven flexibility in the economy and, on the other hand, to be seeking more control in the political sphere, the media, and the Internet.
**[[Henry Paulson]], ''Dealing with China'', as quoted in [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/04/06/born-red "Born Red: How Xi Jinping, an unremarkable provincial administrator, became China’s most authoritarian leader since Mao."] (6 April 2015), by Evan Osnos, ''The New Yorker''

*The coming war on China is likely to happen by mistake or accident as a result of deliberate provocations by the US and its echoes. Under cover of the pandemic, the Trump regime is sending strategic bombers and spy drones within sight of China itself. Our silence is our peril.
**[[John Pilger]], [https://twitter.com/johnpilger/status/1273141084500250625 Twitter] (17 June 2020)

*I grew up in the cold war. Third-rate academics and a rag bag of charlatans made fools of themselves with their mighty [[conspiracy theory]] of Chinese (aka the [[w:Yellow Peril|Yellow Peril]]) under our beds. They're back!
**[[John Pilger]],[https://twitter.com/johnpilger/status/1273605518532075522 Twitter] (18 June 2020)

*The fake "independent institute" promoting the China "threat" in the West is the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, the go-to source for Vichy journalists currently hoodwinking the public. It's exposed [https://www.michaelwest.com.au/independent-think-tank-aspi-behind-push-for-more-defence-spending-rakes-in-advisory-fees/ here] as a front for warmongers and arms companies.
**[[John Pilger]], [https://twitter.com/johnpilger/status/1278305945743790080 Twitter] (1 July 2020)

*It’s difficult to separate the [[W:Uyghurs|Uygurs]] from the barrage of anti-China denunciations coming from the US, most of which have a script familiar to those who follow America’s ‘soft’ campaigns against its strategic enemies... The [[Mainstream media|leading US media]] are invariably the [[cipher]]. ‘In China, every day is [[w:Kristallnacht|Kristallnacht]]’, declared ''The Washington Post'' [last November], likening China’s treatment of the Uygurs to that of the Nazi genocide of the Jews.... That’s not untypical; it reads as if it has been written by the [[w:US Agency for International Development|US Agency for International Development]] or the [[w:National Endowment for Democracy|National Endowment for Democracy]], which fills in for the [[CIA]]. No one doubts the ruthless reaction of Beijing to separatists, but as a reporter, I would like to see for myself.
**[[John Pilger]] quoted in [https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/long-reads/article/3083082/john-pilger-50-years-spent-shining-light John Pilger on 50 years spent shining a light into humanity’s darkest corners, ''South China Morning Post,''] (9 May 2020)

*The leadership from the top over the last three American presidencies has steadily pushed US public opinion from being friendly towards China in the direction of [[hostility]]. Intellectual property theft is a widely used reason for giving China a hard time. Yet in a recent survey made by the [[w:US-China Business Council|US-China Business Council]], [[intellectual property]] protection ranked sixth on a list of pressing concerns among American companies which trade with China. In 2014 China created its first specialized court to handle intellectual property cases. In 2015 plaintiffs brought before the court 63 cases. The court ruled for the foreign firms in all 63. China itself is clearly against the theft of business secrets.
**[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/03/05/its-rubbish-to-trash-china/ It’s Rubbish to Trash China], by [https://www.counterpunch.org/author/3remacr111/ Jonathan Power,] [[W: CounterPunch|''Counter Punch'']], (March 5, 2020)

*How many people outside China are aware of the responsible way China acts internationally? Take the [[UN]] for example. According to the respected journalist [[Fareed Zakaria]], writing in this month’s ''Foreign Affairs'', “Beijing is now the second-largest funder of the UN and UN peacekeepers. It has deployed 2,500 peacekeepers, more than all the other permanent members of the Security Council combined. Between 2000 and 2008 it supported 182 of 190 Security Council resolutions imposing sanctions on nations deemed to have violated international rules or norms”. This is a very different China than the one projected by many Western politicians and journalists. Usually, China is reported as being an impediment at the [[w:United Nations Security Council|Security Council]], using its veto fast and furiously. China has not gone to war since 1979. It has not used lethal military force abroad since 1988. Nor has it funded proxies or armed insurgents anywhere in the world since the early 1980s... this record of non-intervention China is unique among the world’s great powers. China has had no permanent military presence outside China until recently when it finished building its first overseas base... on the Horn of Africa to protect the shipping of its oil through the unstable political waters of the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean... China is angry when... US spy planes flying through Chinese airspace... China does not fly through US airspace. Its flights are on the other side of the world.
**[https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/03/05/its-rubbish-to-trash-china/ It’s Rubbish to Trash China], by [https://www.counterpunch.org/author/3remacr111/ Jonathan Power,] [[W: CounterPunch|''Counter Punch'']], (March 5, 2020)

===R===

*The big picture in the Middle East isn't [[Iran]] or [[Iraq]]. The big picture in the Middle East is China. People don't understand that. They don't know what’s going on right now. It's about leveraging control over Middle-Eastern and central-Asian oil, in order to dictate the pace of China's economic growth over the next 30 years. Because China's the biggest threat in the eyes of the [[neoconservatives]]. It's this massive Chinese economy that's been expanding by leaps and bounds that’s going to threaten American global economic hegemony. Now I'm not saying this is what I believe, I'm just saying it's what's in the minds of these neoconservatives. You deal with China indirectly at this point in time because you don't want direct confrontation.
**[http://www.memphisflyer.com/memphis/Content?oid=oid%3A42834 Scott Ritter Says Controversial Things About Clinton, Bush, Fox News, the Surge, etc., Interview with the ''Memphis Flyer'',] (8 May 2008)

*All of this self-serving is driving America and its vassals to war with Russia, which might also mean with China. The war would be nuclear and be the end of the West, an act of self-genocide. The US national security establishment is so crazed that Trump’s efforts to get off the war track and onto a peace track are characterized as treason and a threat to US national security... The Russians are aware that the accusations and demonization that they experience are fabrications. They no longer see the problem as one of misunderstandings that diplomacy can overcome. What they see now is the West preparing its populations for war. It is this perception for which the West is solely responsible that makes the situation today far more dangerous than it ever was during the long Cold War.
**[[Paul Craig Roberts]] in [https://www.foreignpolicyjournal.com/2018/12/28/the-self-genocide-of-the-west/ ''The Self-Genocide of the West, Foreign Policy Journal''] (26 December 2018)

*[[United States|We]] cannot, if we would, play the part of [[w:Qing dynasty|China]], and be content to rot by inches in ignoble ease within our borders, taking no interest in what goes on beyond them, sunk in a scrambling commercialism; heedless of the higher life, the life of aspiration, of toil and risk, busying ourselves only with the wants of our bodies for the day, until suddenly we should find, beyond a shadow of question, what China has already found, that in this world the nation that has trained itself to a career of un-warlike and isolated ease is bound, in the end, to go down before other nations which have not lost the manly and adventurous qualities. If we are to be a really great people, we must strive in good faith to play a great part in the world.
**[[Theodore Roosevelt]], ''[[s:The Strenuous Life|The Strenuous Life]]'' (10 April 1899), Chicago, Illinois

*[W]hat is [[nationalism]]? And what nationalism is actually Western invention. Imperial China had no nationalism. Where do they get their ideas of nationalism? Well, they got their ideas of nationalism from the Japanese, which emerged as a national state in [[19th century|the 19]]. Well, where did the Japanese get their ideas about nationalism, which were then translated into Chinese? They got it from the Germans. So what they imported was a 19th-century version of social Darwinism in which [[race]] is of the fundamental basis of nationality and there are very – when you hear Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders talking about cultural pollution, when you talk about the natural affinity of all Chinese people wherever they are, you begin to worry that there is this submerged, and sometimes not even so, some racialist component.
**[[w:Stephen Peter Rosen|Stephen Rosen]], [http://conversationswithbillkristol.org/video/stephen-rosen/ interview with Bill Kristol] (2016), [http://conversationswithbillkristol.org/transcript/stephen-rosen-transcript/ transcript]

*If you want to know what people are worried about look at what they spend their money on. If you’re afraid of burglars you buy a burglar alarm. What are the Chinese spending their money on? We’re told from Chinese figures they’re spending on the People’s Armed Police, the internal security force is about as big as they’re spending on the regular military. This whole great firewall of Chinese, this whole massive effort to control the internet, this effort to use modern information technology not to disseminate information, empowering individuals, but to make people think what you want them to think and to monitor their behavior so that you can isolate and suppress them. That’s because this is a regime which is fundamentally afraid of its own people. And it’s fundamentally hostile to them.
**[[w:Stephen Peter Rosen|Stephen Rosen]], [https://conversationswithbillkristol.org/video/stephen-rosen-ii/ interview with Bill Kristol] (30 November 2018), [https://conversationswithbillkristol.org/transcript/stephen-rosen-ii-transcript/ transcript]

* The typical Westerner wishes to be the cause of as many changes as possible in his environment; the typical Chinaman wishes to enjoy as much and as delicately as possible.
** [[Bertrand Russell]], ''The Problem of China'' (1922), Ch. XII: The Chinese Character.

* The Chinese are a great nation, incapable of permanent suppression by foreigners. They will not consent to adopt our vices in order to acquire military strength; but they are willing to adopt our virtues in order to advance in wisdom. I think they are the only people in the world who quite genuinely believe that wisdom is more precious than rubies. That is why the West regards them as uncivilized.
** [[Bertrand Russell]], ''The Problem of China'' (1922), Ch. XIII: Higher education in China.

===S===

*The US is a force for division, not for [[cooperation]]... The US lost its step on [[w:5G|5G]], which is a critical part of the new digital economy. And [[w:Huawei|Huawei]] was taking a greater and greater share of global markets... The US concocted in my opinion, the view that Huawei is a global threat. And has leaned very hard on US allies... to try to break the relations with Huawei... Do I believe that [[China]] could do more to ease fears that are very real? I do.... The big choice frankly is in China's hands. If China is [[cooperative]], if it engages in [[diplomacy]], regional cooperation and [[w:multilateralism|multilateralism]]…. then I think that [[Asia]] has an incredibly bright future.
**[[Jeffrey Sachs]] quoted in [https://www.bbc.com/news/business-53104730 ''US China cold war 'bigger global threat than virus''' By Karishma Vaswani, ''BBC News''] (21 June 2020)

*According to [[Mike Pompeo|Pompeo [U.S. Secretary of State] ]], [[Xi Jinping|Chinese President Xi Jinping]] and the [[w:Communist Party of China (CPC)|Communist Party of China (CPC)]] harbor a “decades-long desire for global [[hegemony]].” This is ironic. Only one country – the US – has a defense strategy calling for it to be the “preeminent military power in the world,” with “favorable regional balances of power in the Indo-Pacific, Europe, the Middle East, and the Western Hemisphere.” China’s defense white paper, by contrast, states that “China will never follow the beaten track of big powers in seeking hegemony,” and that, “As economic globalization, the information society, and cultural diversification develop in an increasingly multi-polar world, peace, development, and win-win cooperation remain the irreversible trends of the times.” US military spending totaled $732 billion in 2019, nearly three times the $261 billion China spent. The US.. has around 800 overseas military bases, while China has just one (a small naval base in Djibouti). The US has many military bases close to China, which has none anywhere near the US. The US has 5,800 nuclear warheads; China has roughly 320. The US has 11 aircraft carriers; China has one. The US has launched many overseas wars in the past 40 years; China has launched none (though it has been criticized for border skirmishes, most recently with India, that stop short of war).
**[[Jeffrey Sachs]], [https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/america-evangelical-crusade-against-china-by-jeffrey-d-sachs-2020-08 America’s Unholy Crusade Against China], [[w:Project Syndicate|''Project Syndicate'']], (5 August 2020)

* Some observers have already proclaimed that [[W:Chinese Century|China will rule the world]], This prospective is profoundly overstated and incorrect in my view... China has a long way to go before it becomes, if it ever becomes a true {{w|global power}}, and it will never rule the world.
** {{w|David Shambaugh}}, [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303182244/http://210.101.116.28/W_files/kiss61/1l201503_pv.pdf ''China Goes Global: The Partial Power''] (2013), New York: Oxford University Press

* China is, in essence, a very narrow-minded, self-interested, realist state, seeking only to maximize its own national interests and power. It cares little for global governance and enforcing global standards of behavior, except its much-vaunted doctrine of noninterference in the internal affairs of countries. Its economic policies are mercantilist and its diplomacy is passive. China is also a lonely strategic power, with no allies and experiencing distrust and strained relationships with much of the world.
** {{w|David Shambaugh}}, [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303182244/http://210.101.116.28/W_files/kiss61/1l201503_pv.pdf ''China Goes Global: The Partial Power''] (2013), New York: Oxford University Press, p. 310

*China is a very contradictory country... China punches way below its weight, it is not, it ''is'' free-riding... It is not contributing... China is a lonely power... Who wants to seek political asylum in China? Nobody.
** {{w|David Shambaugh}}, [http://listenonrepeat.com/watch/?v=7aE66iIUi9U#David_Shambaugh_-_China_Goes_Global%3A_The_Partial_Power "David Shambaugh - China Goes Global: The Partial Power"] (April 2013), ''USC U.S.-China Institute'', YouTube

* The Chinese people have only family and clan solidarity; they do not have national spirit...they are just a heap of loose sand...Other men are the carving knife and serving dish; we are the fish and the meat.
** [[Sun Yat-sen]], ''China as a Heap of Loose Sand'' (1924)

* China is now suffering from poverty, not from unequal distribution of wealth. Where there are inequalities of wealth, the methods of [[Karl Marx|Marx]] can, of course, be used; a [[class war]] can be advocated to destroy the inequalities. But in China, where industry is not yet developed, Marx's class war and [[dictatorship of the proletariat]] are impracticable.
** [[Sun Yat-sen]], ''Capital and the State'' (1924)

* This is a fight with a really different civilization and a different ideology, and the United States hasn’t had that before, it’s also striking that this is the first time that '''we will have a great power competitor that is not Caucasian'''.
**[[Kiron Skinner]], speaking about China, as quoted in "[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/05/02/worst-justification-trumps-battle-with-china-clash-civilizations/?utm_term=.5509ea20a1f1 The worst justification for Trump’s battle with China? The ‘clash of civilizations’]" (29 April 2019) ''[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/05/02/worst-justification-trumps-battle-with-china-clash-civilizations/?utm_term=.5509ea20a1f1 Washington Post]''

===T===
*One of the greatest untold secrets of history is that the 'modern world' in which we live is a unique synthesis of Chinese and Western ingredients. Possibly more than half of the basic inventions and discoveries upon which the 'modern world' rests come from China. And yet few people know this. Why? The Chinese themselves are as ignorant of this fact as Westerners. From the seventeenth century onwards, the Chinese became increasingly dazzled by European technological expertise, having experienced a period of amnesia regarding their own achievements. When the Chinese were shown a mechanical clock by Jesuit missionaries, they were awestruck. '''They had forgotten that it was they who had invented mechanical clocks in the first place!'''
** {{w|Robert K. G. Temple}} - ''The Genius of China: 3,000 Years of Science, Discovery and Invention'' (1986).

*Arise! All those who don't want to be [[slaves]]! Let our flesh and blood forge our new Great Wall! As the Chinese nation has arrived at its most perilous time, every person is forced to expel their very last roar.
**{{w|Tian Han}}, ''{{w|March of the Volunteers}}'' (1934).

* [A]t a time when the [[w:Health crisis|crisis]] of the [[2019–20 coronavirus pandemic|Coronavirus pandemic]] is developing rapidly. [...] The {{w|Chinese government}} currently appears “successful” in its response, but in the first weeks that [[w:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic in mainland China|the new coronavirus]] appeared, [[w:Criticism of response to the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic#Chinese government|the government]] offered the denialism typical of restorationist [[State capitalism|capitalist bureaucracy]], ignoring the warnings that could have reduced the number of deaths (including that of {{w|Li Wenliang}}, a doctor who warned about the epidemic and was consequently accused by the authorities of “spreading rumors” before he died from [[COVID-19]]). '''China is the most extreme example of [[w:Authoritarian capitalism#China|authoritarianism]] around the world, with its tight [[w:Bureaucratic collectivism|bureaucratic]] control [[w:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic in mainland China#Censorship and police responses|that prevents vital news]] from leaving {{w|Wuhan}} and other affected areas.'''
** [[Trotskyist Fraction – Fourth International]], ''[https://www.leftvoice.org/coronavirus-and-the-healthcare-crisis-our-lives-are-worth-more-than-their-profits Coronavirus and the Healthcare Crisis: Our Lives Are Worth More than Their Profits!]'' (March 14, 2020), ''Left Voice''.

* I know the Chinese. I've made a lot of money with the Chinese. I understand the Chinese mind.
**[[Donald Trump]], as quoted in [http://www.forbes.com/sites/johnmauldin/2015/08/24/playing-the-chinese-trump-card/ "Playing the Chinese Trump Card"] (24 August 2015), [http://www.forbes.com/sites/johnmauldin/2015/08/24/playing-the-chinese-trump-card/ ''Forbes''] (August 2015).

* The concept of [[W:Global warming conspiracy theory|global warming was created]] by and for the Chinese in order to make U.S. manufacturing non-competitive.
**[[Donald Trump]], [https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/265895292191248385?lang=pt Twitter] (6 November 2012)
*We have a 500 billion dollar deficit, trade deficit with China. We're going to turn it around and we have the cards, don't forget, we're like the piggy bank that's being robbed. We have the cards, we have a lot of power with China. When China doesn't want to fix the problem in North Korea we say "Sorry folks, you've got to fix the problem." '''Because we can't continue to allow China to rape [[United States|our country]], and that's what they're doing. It's the greatest theft in the history of the world.'''
**[[Donald Trump]], as quoted in "[https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-us-canada-36185275/china-accused-of-trade-rape-by-donald-trump China accused of trade 'rape' by Donald Trump]" (2 May 2016) ''[https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-us-canada-36185275/china-accused-of-trade-rape-by-donald-trump BBC]''

*No [[California]] gentleman or lady ever abuses or oppresses a Chinaman, under any circumstances, an explanation that seems to be much needed in the east. Only the scum of the population do it; they and their children. They, and, naturally and consistently, the policemen and politicians, likewise, for these are the dust-licking pimps and slaves of the scum, there as well as elsewhere in America.
**[[Mark Twain]], [http://www.friesian.com/quotes.htm ''Roughing It''] (1872).

*A disorderly Chinaman is rare, and a lazy one does not exist. So long as a Chinaman has strength to use his hands he needs no support from anybody; white men often complain of want of work, but a Chinaman offers no such complaint; he always manages to find something to do.
**[[Mark Twain]], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=gjUOvGeK51MC&pg=PA169&dq=%22Chinaman%22%7C%22Chinamen%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=H-rpUv3zHoSCkQWs3oGIBg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Chinaman%22%7C%22Chinamen%22&f=false ''Roughing It''] (1872), p. 169.

*I have seen Chinamen abused and maltreated in all the mean, cowardly ways possible to the invention of a degraded nature... I never saw a Chinaman righted in a court of justice for wrongs thus done to him.
**[[Mark Twain]], as quoted in ''Mark Twain and the Three Rs: Race, Religion, Revolution and Related Matters'' (1973), by Maxwell Geismar, Indianapolis: Bobs-Merrill, p. 98.

===V===

*The deepening cold war between the US and China will be a bigger worry for the world than coronavirus, according to influential economist [[Jeffrey Sachs]]. The world is headed for a period of "massive disruption without any leadership" in the aftermath of the pandemic, he told the BBC. The divide between the two superpowers will exacerbate this, he warned. The Columbia University professor blamed the US administration for the hostilities between the two countries.
**[https://www.bbc.com/news/business-53104730 Karishma Vaswani in: ''US China cold war 'bigger global threat than virus, BBC News''] (21 June 2020)

*China is getting ahead simply because of its courage, hard work, the genius of its people, and all this, under the wise leadership... and its central planning. Precisely under things that the Japanese people were [[w:brainwash|brainwash]]ed into hating. This is frustrating. It is scary. So, all that submission, humiliation and bowing to the empire was for nothing? In the end, it is China, it is Communism which will win, and which will be doing the greatest service to humanity... China is building, inventing, struggling and marching forward, confidently, surrounded by friends, but independently. [[Japan]] is tied up and restrained. It cannot move. It doesn’t even know how to move, how to resist, anymore. And that is why Japan hates China!
**[[w:Andre Vltchek|Andre Vltchek]] in [https://www.globalresearch.ca/why-is-japan-so-bitter-about-the-unstoppable-rise-of-china/5665375 ''Why Is Japan so Bitter About The Unstoppable Rise of China? Global Research,''] (13 January 2019)

===W===
* Chinese is the easiest language when it is learned at ease, dwelling on its spirit rather than on the individual expression. But for inquisitive questioners, this language provides vain pitfalls.
**[[Richard Wilhelm]], ''Die Seele Chinas''. Berlin, Hobbing, 1926
*One of the things we're trying to do is view the China threat '''as not just a whole-of-government threat, but a whole-of-society threat''' on their end, and I think it's going to take a whole-of-society response by us.
**[[Christopher A. Wray]] in [http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1802/13/cnr.04.html February 13, 2018] ''[http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1802/13/cnr.04.html CNN]''

===X===
*The greatest contribution towards the whole of human race, made by China, to prevent its 1.3 billion people from hunger... There are some foreigners who have eaten their fill and have nothing better to do than point their fingers at our affairs. '''First, China doesn't export Revolution; second, China doesn't export hunger and poverty; third, China doesn't come and cause you headaches, what more is there to be said?'''
**[[Xi Jinping]], in Mexico (11 February 2009), as quoted in [http://news.asiaone.com/News/the%2BStraits%2BTimes/Story/A1Story20090214-121872.html "Chinese V-P blasts meddlesome foreigners"] (14 February 2009), by Sim Chi Yin, ''Asia One News''.
**Also quoted as ''There are some bored foreigners, with full stomachs, who have nothing better to do than point fingers at us. First, China doesn't export revolution. Second, China doesn't export hunger and poverty. Third, China doesn't come and cause you headaches. What more is there to be said?''

===Z===
* People who try to commit suicide — don't attempt to save them! . . . '''China is such a populous nation, it is not as if we cannot do without a few people.'''
** Attributed to [[Mao Zedong]] by [[w:Wang Li (politician)|Wang Li]], “历史将宣告我无罪” (History Will Pronounce Me Innocent), manuscript, Beijing, 1993, p. 7. This source is a privately printed collection of letters and documents concerning Wang Li's expulsion from the CCP. Cited in ''{{w|Mao's Last Revolution}}'' (2006) by {{w|Roderick MacFarquhar}} and {{w|Michael Schoenhals}}.

*In front of a lot of princeling friends, I've said that, if the Communist Party can't take sufficient political reform in five or ten years, it could miss the chance entirely. As scholars, we always say it's better to have reform than revolution, but in Chinese history this cycle repeats itself. Mao said we have to get rid of the cycle, but right now we’re still in it. This is very worrying.
** {{w|Lifan Zhang}}, as quoted in [http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/04/06/born-red "Born Red: How Xi Jinping, an unremarkable provincial administrator, became China’s most authoritarian leader since Mao."] (6 April 2015), by Evan Osnos, ''The New Yorker''

==See also==
*[[China–United States relations]]

== External links ==
{{Sister project links|w=China|wikt=China|b=no|s=Portal:China|commons=China|n=no|v=no|species=no|d=Q148|voy=China|m=no|mw=no}}

[[Category:China| ]]

Hospitality

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'''[[w:Hospitality|Hospitality]]''' is the relationship between guest and host, or the act or practice of being hospitable. Specifically, this includes the reception and entertainment of guests, visitors, or strangers, resorts, membership clubs, conventions, attractions, special events, and other services for travelers and tourists.

==Quotes==

* Now this was the sin of your sister Sodom: She and her daughters were arrogant, overfed and unconcerned; they did not help the poor and needy. They were haughty and did detestable things before me. Therefore I did away with them as you have seen.
** {{bibleverse|Ezekiel||16:49-50|NIV}} (NIV).

* And whosoever shall not receive you, nor hear your words, when ye depart out of that house or city, shake off the dust of your feet. Verily I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment, than for that city.
** [[Jesus]], {{bibleverse|Matthew||10:14-15|KJV}} (KJV).

* Then the King will say to those on his right: ‘Come, you who have been blessed by my Father, inherit the Kingdom prepared for you from the founding of the world. For I became hungry and you gave me something to eat; I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink. I was a stranger and you received me hospitably.
** [[Jesus Christ]], [http://www.jw.org/en/publications/bible/nwt/books/Matthew/25/ Matthew 25:34, 35]

* So saying, with despatchful looks in haste She turns, on hospitable thoughts intent.
** [[John Milton]], ''[[Paradise Lost]]'' (1667; 1674), Book V, line 331.

* Share with the holy ones according to their needs. Follow the course of hospitality.
** [[Apostle Paul]], [https://www.jw.org/en/publications/bible/study-bible/books/romans/12/ Romans 12:13] (NWT)

* Do not forget hospitality, for through it some unknowingly entertained angels.
** [[Apostle Paul]], [https://www.jw.org/en/publications/bible/study-bible/books/hebrews/13/ Hebrews 13:2] (NWT)

* Be hospitable to one another without grumbling.
** [[Peter]], [https://www.jw.org/en/publications/bible/study-bible/books/1-peter/4/ 1 Peter 4:9] (NWT)

* My master is of churlish disposition And little recks to find the way to heaven By doing deeds of hospitality.
** [[William Shakespeare]], ''[[As You Like It]]'' (c.1599-1600), Act II, scene 4, line 80.

* I am your host; With robbers' hands my hospitable favours You should not ruffle thus.
** [[William Shakespeare]], ''[[King Lear|King Lear]]'' (1608), Act III, scene 7, line 39.

* I charge thee, invite them all: let in the tide Of knaves once more; my cook and I'll provide.
** [[William Shakespeare]], ''[[Timon of Athens]]'' (date uncertain, published 1623), Act III, scene 4, line 118.

===''Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations''===
:Quotes reported in ''[[Wikisource:Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations (1922)|Hoyt's New Cyclopedia Of Practical Quotations]]'' (1922), p. 379-80.

* When friends are at your hearthside met, Sweet courtesy has done its most If you have made each guest forget That he himself is not the host.
** [[Thomas Bailey Aldrich]], ''Hospitality''.

* If my best wines mislike thy taste, And my best service win thy frown, Then tarry not, I bid thee haste; There's many another Inn in town.
** [[Thomas Bailey Aldrich]], ''Quits''.

* There are hermit souls that live withdrawn In the place of their self-content; There are souls like stars that dwell apart, In a fellowless firmament; There are pioneer souls that blaze their paths Where highways never ran,— But let me live by the side of the road, And be a friend to man.
** [[Sam Walter Foss]], ''House by the Side of the Road''.

* Let me live in my house by the side of the road, Where the race of men go by; They are good, they are bad; they are weak, they are strong. Wise, foolish.—so am I; Then why should I sit in the scorner's seat, Or hurl the cynic's ban? Let me live in my house by the side of the road, And be a friend to man.
** [[Sam Walter Foss]], ''House by the Side of the Road''.

* He kept no Christmas-house for once a yeere, Each day his boards were fild with Lordly fare: He fed a rout of yeoman with his cheer, Nor was his bread and beefe kept in with care; His wine and beere to strangers were not spare, And yet beside to all that hunger greved, His gates were ope, and they were there relived.
** [[Robert Greene]], ''A Maiden's Dream'', line 232.

* Axylos, Teuthranos's son that dwelt in stablished Arisbe; a man of substance dear to his fellows; for his dwelling was by the road-side and he entertained all men.
** [[Homer]], ''The Iliad'', Book VI, line 12. Lang's Trans.

* True friendship's laws are by this rule express'd, Welcome the coming, speed the parting guest.
** [[Homer]], ''The Odyssey'', Book XV, line 74 (83 in [[Alexander Pope|Pope]]'s translation).

* For 't is always fair weather When good fellows get together With a stein on the table and a good song ringing clear.
** [[Richard Hovey]], ''Spring''.

* Oh that I had in the wilderness a lodging-place of wayfaring men!
** Jeremiah, IX. 2.

* Hospitality sitting with gladness.
** [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]], ''Translation from Frithiof's Saga''.

* ''Hospes nullus tam in amici hospitium diverti potest, Quin ubi triduum continuum fuerit jam odiosus siet.''
** No one can be so welcome a guest that he will not become an annoyance when he has stayed three continuous days in a friend's house.
** [[Plautus]], ''Miles Gloriosus'', III. 3. 12.

* For I, who hold sage Homer's rule the best, Welcome the coming, speed the going guest.
** [[Alexander Pope]], ''Satire II'', Book II, line 159.

* Given to hospitality.
** Romans, XII. 13.

* Ah me, why did they build my house by the road to the market town?
** [[Rabindranath Tagore]], ''Gardener'', 4.

* The lintel low enough to keep out pomp and pride; The threshold high enough to turn deceit aside; The doorband strong enough from robbers to defend; This door will open at a touch to welcome every friend.
** [[Henry Van Dyke]], ''Inscription for a Friend's House''.

* A host in himself.
** [[Wellington]], of Lord John Russell. Related by Samuel Rogers (1839). Paraphrase of Homer's epithet of Ajax. See [[Alexander Pope]]'s translation of Iliad, III. 293.

== See also ==
* [[Charity]]
* [[Guests]]
* [[Strangers]]

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}
{{wiktionary|hospitality}}

* [https://www.jw.org/en/publications/magazines/w20050115/Be-Hospitable-to-One-Another "Be Hospitable to One Another"]

{{Virtues and vices}}
[[Category:Interpersonal relationships]]
[[Category:Virtues]]

Strangers

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[[File:MosesRescued FromTheNile.JPG|thumb|right|You shall not wrong a stranger or oppress him, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt. ~ [[Exodus]] 22:21]]
[[File:Leonard Cohen 2118.jpg|thumb|right| I told you when I came I was a stranger. ~ [[Leonard Cohen]] ]]
'''[[wikt:stranger|Strangers]]''' are people whom one does not know, and may in particular be outsiders, foreigners, or newcomers.
:''Alphabetized by author or source.''

==Quotes==
* A stranger is he who has no [[friend]].
** [[Ali]], [[Nahj al-Balagha]], [https://www.al-islam.org/nahjul-balagha-part-2-letters-and-sayings/letter-31-advice-one-his-sons-after-returning-battle Letter 31: Advice to one of his sons after returning from the Battle of Siffin]

*ALIEN, n. An American sovereign in his probationary state.
** [[Ambrose Bierce]], ''The Cynic's Dictionary'' (1906); republished as ''The Devil's Dictionary'' (1911).

* The Nordic language recognized four orders of foreignness. The first is the otherlander, or utlanning, the stranger that we recognize as being a human of our world, but of another city or country. The second is the framling - Demosthenes merely drops the accent from the Nordic framling. This is the stranger that we recognize as human, but of another world. The third is the raman, the stranger that we recognize as human, but of another species. The fourth is the true alien, the varelse, which includes all the animals, for with them no conversation is possible. They live, but we cannot guesswhat purposes or causes make them act. They might be intelligent, they might be self-aware, but we cannot know it.
** Orson Scott Card ‘’[[Speaker for the Dead]]’’ p.25

* '''I told you when I came I was a stranger.'''
** [[Leonard Cohen]] in "The Stranger Song" (1966)

* It's you my [[love]], you who are the stranger.
** [[Leonard Cohen]] in "The Stranger Song" (1966)

* Farewell to ye all! In the land of the stranger I rise or I fall.
** [[Davy Crockett]] (att.), ''Col. Crockett's Exploits and Adventures in Texas'' (1836), Ch. 2

* And you are to love those who are foreigners, for you yourselves were foreigners in Egypt.
** [[Deuteronomy]] 10:19 as quoted in [http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/belief/2014/nov/28/binyamin-netanyahu-nationality-bill-at-odds-with-hebrew-bible]

* The stranger is simply a friend I haven't met yet.
** [[Catherine Doherty]], ''Poustinia'' (1975), Ch. 15

* '''Oh my [[soul]], be prepared for the coming of the Stranger. Be prepared for him who [[Knowledge|knows]] how to ask questions.'''
** [[T. S. Eliot]], ''The Rock'' (1934)

* '''We [[Death|die]] to each other daily.''' What we know of other [[people]] Is only our [[memory]] of the moments During which we knew them. And they have [[Change|changed]] since then. To pretend that they and we are the same Is a useful and convenient social convention Which must sometimes broken. '''We must also remember That at every meeting we are meeting a stranger.'''
** [[T. S. Eliot]], ''[[w:The Cocktail Party|The Cocktail Party]]'' (1949)

*But foreign should not be defined in geographical terms. Then it would have no meaning except territorial or tribal patriotism. To me that alone is foreign which is foreign to truth, foreign to Atman.
**Ram Swarup quoted in : Sita Ram Goel. How I Became a Hindu (1982, enlarged 1993) {{ISBN|81-85990-05-0}} (ch. 7) [http://web.archive.org/web/20140409110816/http://bharatvani.org/books/hibh/ch7.htm]

* He wanted them to meet as the completest of strangers — strangers-across-the-seas — all the more strangers because they knew each other already. He wanted them to meet far from their [[friends]] and relatives — in a place without a past, without [[history]], free, really free, two people coming together with the utter [[freedom]] of strangers.
** [[Amitav Ghosh]], ; ''[[w:The Shadow Lines|The Shadow Lines]]'' (1988), p. 144

* '''For I was an hungred, and ye gave me meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me in: Naked, and ye clothed me: I was sick, and ye visited me: I was in prison, and ye came unto me.'''
** [[Jesus]], in [http://bible.cc/matthew/25-35.htm ''Matthew'' 25:35–36] ([[w:Authorized King James Version|KJV]])

* People far too easily neglect or abuse us, as soon as we become intimate with them. '''To live pleasantly, one must almost always remain a stranger in the crowd.'''
** [[Adolf Freiherr Knigge]], ''Über den Umgang mit Menschen'' ["On Human Relations"] (1788)

[[File:ELO - Time Tour 81-82.jpg |thumb|As I look around at these strangers in town, I guess the only stranger is me. ~ [[Jeff Lynne]] ]]

*'''As I look around at these strangers in town, I guess the only stranger is me.''' As I see what they've done to this place that I [[love]], [[shame]] is all that I [[feel]].
** [[Jeff Lynne]], in "The Way Life's Meant to Be", on ''[[w:Time (Electric Light Orchestra album)|Time]]'' (1981)

* '''People are [[strange]] when you're a stranger.'''
** [[Jim Morrison]], "[[w:People Are Strange|People Are Strange]]", ''[[w:Strange Days (album)|Strange Days]]'' (1967)

* '''I have been a stranger in a strange land.'''
** [[Moses]], [http://bible.cc/exodus/2-22.htm ''Exodus'' 2:22] ([[w:Authorized King James Version|KJV]])
** I have been a stranger in a foreign land.
*** Jewish Publication Society translation (1985; 1999)

* You shall not wrong a stranger or oppress him, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt.
** [[Moses]], [[Book of Exodus|Exodus]] 22:21 [[w:New American Standard Bible|NASB]]

[[File:Engel auf dem Friedhof.jpg |thumb|right|Be not forgetful to entertain strangers, for thereby some have entertained [[angels]] unawares. ~ [[Paul of Tarsus]] ]]

* '''Be not forgetful to entertain strangers, for thereby some have entertained [[angels]] unawares.'''
** [[Paul of Tarsus]], [http://bible.cc/hebrews/13-2.htm ''Hebrews'' 13:2] ([[w:Authorized King James Version|KJV]])

* By Jove the stranger and the poor are sent, And what to those we give, to Jove is lent.
** [[Alexander Pope]], ''[[The Odyssey of Homer (Alexander Pope)|The Odyssey of Homer]]'', Book VI, line 247

* Ants and savages put strangers to death.
** [[Bertrand Russell]], ''Unpopular Essays'' (1950), "The Functions of a Teacher"

* The stranger has no friend, unless it be a stranger.
** [[Saadi]], ''Gulistan'' (1258), tr. James Ross, Ch. 3, story 28

* He will deal harshly by a stranger who has not been himself often a traveller and stranger.
** [[Saadi]], ''Gulistan'' (1258), tr. James Ross, Ch. 3, story 28

* He had a bitter pain in his heart, for he knew that she was still a stranger to him and his hungry love was destined ever to remain unsatisfied.
** [[W. Somerset Maugham]], ''Collected short stories 1'', "The pool", p. 127

* All colors and blends of Americans have somewhat the same tendencies. It's a breed — selected out by accident. And so '''we're overbrave and overfearful — we're kind and cruel as children. We're overfriendly and at the same time frightened of strangers.'''
** [[John Steinbeck]], ''[[East of Eden (novel)|East of Eden]]'' (1952)

* '''Always give a [[word]] or a [[sign]] of salute when meeting or passing a [[friend]], even a stranger, when in a lonely place.'''
** [[Tecumseh]], attributed by Lee Sulzman, ''[http://www.tolatsga.org/shaw.html Shawnee History]''

* Passing stranger! you do not know how longingly I look upon you, You must be he I was seeking, or she I was seeking, (it comes to me as of a [[dream]],) I have somewhere surely lived a [[life]] of [[joy]] with you,
** [[Walt Whitman]], "To a Stranger" (1860; 1867), in ''[[Leaves of Grass]]''

* '''I have always depended on the [[kindness]] of strangers.'''
** [[Tennessee Williams]]; said by his character [[w:Blanche DuBois|Blanche DuBois]], in ''[[w:A Streetcar Named Desire (play)|A Streetcar Named Desire]]'' (1947)

== See also ==
* [[Hospitality]]

== External links ==
{{wiktionary|stranger}}

[[Category:Interpersonal relationships]]

Cesar Chavez

2020-10-19T15:42:03Z

Rupert loup: Undo revision 2880570 by 2001:8003:59DB:4100:5D6:EBDA:4936:13EA (talk)

[[File:Cesar chavez crop2.jpg|thumb|right|It can be done!]]
[[File:Ansel Adams - Farm workers and Mt. Williamson.jpg|thumb|right|[[History]] will [[judge]] [[societies]] and [[governments]] — and their institutions — not by how big they are or how well they serve the rich and the [[powerful]], but by how effectively they respond to the [[needs]] of the [[poor]] and the helpless.]]
'''[[w:Cesar Chavez|César Estrada Chávez]]''' ([[31 March]] [[1927]] – [[23 April]] [[1993]]) was an American farm worker, [[w:labor leader|labor leader]] and [[civil rights]] activist, who, with [[w:Dolores Huerta|Dolores Huerta]], co-founded the '''National Farm Workers Association''' (later the [[w:United Farm Workers|United Farm Workers]] union, UFW).

== Quotes ==
[[File:Cesar chavez3.jpg|thumb|right|We seek our basic, [[God]]-given rights as [[human]] beings. Because we have [[suffered]] — and are not [[afraid]] to suffer — in order to survive, we are ready to give up everything, even our [[lives]], in our fight for [[social]] [[justice]].]]
[[File:Cesar_Chavez_Day.jpg|thumb|Once social change begins, it cannot be reversed.
You cannot uneducate the person who has learned to read. You cannot humiliate the person who feels pride. You cannot oppress the people who are not afraid anymore. ]]
[[File:World_Peace_Gong_in_Gödöllő.JPG|thumb|The basis for peace is respecting all creatures... ]]

* ''¡Sí se puede!''
** '''It can be done!'''
** Personal motto later officially used by the [http://www.ufw.org/_page.php?menu=about&inc=about_vision.html United Farm Workers]

* You are here to discuss a matter which is of extreme importance to yourselves, your families and your community, so let's get to the subject at hand. A hundred and fifty-five years ago, in the state of Guanajuato in Mexico, a padre proclaimed the struggle for liberty. He was killed, but ten years later Mexico won its independence. We Mexicans here in the United States, as well as all other farm workers, are engaged in another struggle for the freedom and dignity which poverty denies us. But it must not be a violent struggle, even if violence is used against us. Violence can only hurt us and our cause. The law is for us as well as the ranchers. The strike was begun by the Filipinos, but it is not exclusively for them. Tonight we must decide if we are to join our fellow workers.
** Delano, California (16 September 1965) as quoted in ''Delano: the story of the California Grape Strike'' (1967) by John Gregory Dunne

* I became a [[Vegetarianism|vegetarian]] after realizing that animals feel afraid, cold, hungry and unhappy like we (humans) do.
** As quoted in ''[https://books.google.it/books?hl=it&id=c4Bn6G2AfrIC Lumen]'' (1986) by G. J. Caton, p. 133

* '''We don't know how God chooses martyrs. We do know that they give us the most precious gift they possess — their very lives.'''
** Indestructible Spirit Conference at ''La Paz'', UFW Headquarters in Keene, California (11 January 1991)

* We need, in a special way, to work twice as hard to make all people understand that [[animals]] are fellow creatures, that we must protect them and love them as we love ourselves... The basis for peace is respecting all creatures... That's the basis, the beginning for peace. ...We know we cannot defend or be kind to animals until we stop exploiting them - exploiting them in the name of science, exploiting animals in the name of sport, exploiting animals in the name of fashion, and yes, exploiting animals in the name of food.
** Accepting a Lifetime Achievement Award from In Defense of Animals in 1992.

* '''History will judge societies and governments — and their institutions — not by how big they are or how well they serve the rich and the powerful, but by how effectively they respond to the needs of the poor and the helpless.'''
** As quoted in ''Cesar Chavez : A Triumph of Spirit'' (1997) by Richard Griswold del Castillo and Richard A. Garcia, p. 116

=== The Plan of Delano (1965) ===
:[http://www.aztlan.net/dojustice.htm Full text online]

* '''We, the undersigned, gathered in Pilgrimage to the capital of the State in Sacramento in penance for all the failings of Farm Workers as free and sovereign men, do solemnly declare before the civilized world which judges our actions, and before the nation to which we belong, the propositions we have formulated to end the injustice that oppresses us.'''

* Our sweat and our blood have fallen on this land to make other men rich. The pilgrimage is a witness to the suffering we have seen for generations.

* '''This is the beginning of a social movement in fact and not in pronouncements. We seek our basic, God-given rights as human beings. Because we have suffered — and are not afraid to suffer — in order to survive, we are ready to give up everything, even our lives, in our fight for [[social justice]].''' We shall do it without violence because that is our destiny. To the ranchers, and to all those who opposes, we say, in the words of [[Benito Juárez]]: ''"El respeto al derecho ajeno es la paz."'' [Respect for another's right is the meaning of peace.]

* We seek the support of all political groups and protection of the government, which is also our government, in our struggle. For too many years we have been treated like the lowest of the low. Our wages and working conditions have been determined from above, because irresponsible legislators who could have helped us, have supported the rancher's argument that the plight of the Farm Worker was a "special case." They saw the obvious effects of an unjust system, starvation wages, contractors, day hauls, forced migration, sickness, illiteracy, camps and sub-human living conditions, and acted as if they were irremediable causes. The farm worker has been abandoned to his own fate — without representation, without power — subject to mercy and caprice of the rancher. We are tired of words, of betrayals, of indifference. To the politicians we say that the years are gone when the farm worker said nothing and did nothing to help himself. From this movement shall spring leaders who shall understand us, lead us, be faithful to us, and we shall elect them to represent us. ''We shall be heard.''

* We seek, and have, the support of the Church in what we do. At the head of the pilgrimage we carry ''La virgen de la Guadalupe'' because she is ours, all ours, Patroness of the Mexican people. We also carry the Sacred Cross and the Star of David because we are not sectarians, and because we ask the help and prayers of all religions.

* '''We are suffering. We have suffered, and we are not afraid to suffer in order to win our cause.''' We have suffered unnumbered ills and crimes in the name of the Law of the Land. Our men, women, and children have suffered not only the basic brutality of stoop labor, and the most obvious injustices of the system; they have also suffered the desperation of knowing that the system caters to the greed of callous men and not to our needs. Now we will suffer for the purpose of ending the poverty, the misery, and the injustice, with the hope that our children will not be exploited as we have been. They have imposed hunger on us, and now we hunger for justice. We draw our strength from the very despair in which we have been forced to live. ''We shall endure.''

* We shall unite. We have learned the meaning of ''Unity''.

* The ranchers want to keep us divided in order to keep us weak. Many of us have signed individual "work contracts" with the ranchers or contractors, contracts in which they had all power. These contracts were farces, one more cynical joke at our impotence. That is why we must get together and bargain collectively. We must use the only strength that we have, the force of our numbers. The ranchers are few; we are many. ''United we shall stand.''

* We shall [[Strike action|Strike]]. We shall pursue the ''revolution'' we have proposed. We are sons of the Mexican Revolution, a revolution of the poor seeking, bread and justice. Our revolution will not be armed, but we want the existing social order to dissolve, we want a new social order. We are poor, we are humble, and our only choices is to Strike in those ranchers where we are not treated with the respect we deserve as working men, where our rights as free and sovereign men are not recognized. We do not want the paternalism of the rancher; we do not want the contractor; we do not want charity at the price of our dignity. We want to be equal with all the working men in the nation; we want just wage, better working conditions, a decent future for our children. To those who oppose us, be they ranchers, police, politicians, or speculators, we say that we are going to continue fighting until we die, or we win. '''We shall overcome.''

* Across the San Joaquin Valley, across California, across the entire Southwest of the United States, wherever there are Mexican people, wherever there are farm workers, our movement is spreading like flames across ad dry plain. Our ''pilgrimage'' is the ''match'' that will light our cause for all farm workers to see what is happening here, so that they may do as we have done. The time has come for the liberation of the poor farm worker. History is on our side. ''May the strike go on! Viva la causa!''
** A similar statement (perhaps used in a later declaration) has been quoted at the [http://www.ufw.org/_page.php?menu=research&inc=history/09.html UFW site]: "Across the San Joaquin valley, across California, across the entire nation, wherever there are injustices against men and women and children who work in the fields — there you will see our flags — with the black eagle with the white and red background, flying. Our movement is spreading like flames across a dry plain."

=== The Mexican-American and the Church (1968) ===
:[https://libraries.ucsd.edu/farmworkermovement/essays/essays/Cesar%20Chavez%20-%20The%20Mexican-American%20and%20the%20Church.pdf Speech at the Second Annual Mexican Conference, Sacramento, California (March 1968)]
[[File:Colegiocesarchavezmural.jpg|thumb|right|What do we want [[Catholic Church|the Church]] to do? We don't ask for more cathedrals. We don't ask for bigger churches of fine gifts. We ask for its presence with us, beside us, as [[Christ]] among us.]]

* '''When we refer to the Church we should define the word a little. We mean the whole Church, the Church as an ecumenical body spread around the world, and not just its particular form in a parish in a local community.''' The Church we are talking about is a tremendously powerful institution in our society, and in the world. That Church is one form of the Presence of God on Earth, and so naturally it is powerful. It is powerful by definition. It is a powerful moral and spiritual force which cannot be ignored by any movement.

* When the strike started in 1965, most of our friends forsook us for a while. They ran — or were just too busy to help. But the California Migrant Ministry held a meeting with its staff and decided that the strike was a matter of life or death for farm workers everywhere, and that even if it meant the end of the Migrant Ministry they would turn over their resources to the strikers. The political pressure on the Protestant Churches was tremendous and the Migrant Ministry lost a lot of money. But they stuck it out, and they began to point the way to the rest of the Church. In fact, when 30 of the strikers were arrested for shouting ''Huelga'' [Strike], 11 ministers went to jail with them.

* The growers in Delano have their spiritual problems... we do not deny that. They have every right to have priests and ministers who serve their needs. But we have different needs, and so we needed a friendly spiritual guide. And this is true in every community in this state where the poor face tremendous problems. But the opposition raises a tremendous howl about this. They don't want us to have our spiritual advisors, friendly to our needs. Why is this? Why indeed except that there is tremendous spiritual and economic power in the church. The rich know it, and for that reason they choose to keep it from the people.

* We should be prepared to come to the defense of that priest, rabbi, minister, or layman of the Church, who out of commitment to truth and justice gets into a tight place with his pastor or bishop. It behooves us to stand with that man and help him see his trial through. It is our duty to see to it that his rights of conscience are respected and that no bishop, pastor or other higher body takes that God-given, human right away.

* '''What do we want the Church to do? We don't ask for more cathedrals. We don't ask for bigger churches of fine gifts. We ask for its presence with us, beside us, as [[Christ]] among us.''' We ask the Church to sacrifice with the people for social change, for justice, and for love of brother. '''We don't ask for words. We ask for deeds. We don't ask for paternalism. We ask for servanthood.'''

=== What the Future Holds (1984) ===
:[http://www.commonwealthclub.org/archive/20thcentury/84-11chavez-speech.html Speech (9 November 1984)]

* Today, thousands of farm workers live under savage conditions — beneath trees and amid garbage and human excrement — near tomato fields in San Diego County, tomato fields which use the most modern farm technology. Vicious rats gnaw on them as they sleep. They walk miles to buy food at inflated prices. And they carry in water from irrigation pumps.

* '''All my life, I have been driven by one dream, one goal, one vision: to overthrow a farm labor system in this nation that treats farm workers as if they were not important human beings. Farm workers are not agricultural implements; they are not beasts of burden to be used and discarded.''' That dream was born in my youth, it was nurtured in my early days of organizing. It has flourished. It has been attacked.

* I'm not very different from anyone else who has ever tried to accomplish something with his life. My motivation comes from my personal life, from watching what my mother and father went through when I was growing up, from what we experienced as migrant workers in California. That dream, that vision grew from my own experience with racism, with hope, with a desire to be treated fairly, and to see my people treated as human beings and not as chattel. It grew from anger and rage, emotions I felt 40 years ago when people of my color were denied the right to see a movie or eat at a restaurant in many parts of California. It grew from the frustration and humiliation I felt as a boy who couldn't understand how the growers could abuse and exploit farm workers when there were so many of us and so few of them.

* I've traveled through every part of this nation. I have met and spoken with thousands of Hispanics from every walk of life, from every social and economic class. And one thing I hear most often from Hispanics, regardless of age or position, and from many non-Hispanics as well, is that the farm workers gave them the hope that they could succeed and the inspiration to work for change.

* From time to time, you will hear our opponents declare that the union is weak, that the union has no support, that the union has not grown fast enough. Our obituary has been written many times. How ironic it is that the same forces that argue so passionately that the union is not influential are the same forces that continue to fight us so hard.

* Today, the growers are like a punch-drunk old boxer who doesn't know he's past his prime. The times are changing. The political and social environment has changed. The chickens are coming home to roost — and the time to account for past sins is approaching.

* These trends are part of the forces of history that cannot be stopped. No person and no organization can resist them for very long. They are inevitable. Once social change begins, it cannot be reversed. You cannot uneducate the person who has learned to read. You cannot humiliate the person who feels pride. You cannot oppress the people who are not afraid anymore. Our opponents must understand that it's not just a union we have built. Unions, like other institutions, can come and go. But we're more than an institution. For nearly 20 years, our union has been on the cutting edge of a people's cause — and you cannot do away with an entire people; you cannot stamp out a people's cause.

* Like the other immigrant groups, the day will come when we win the economic and political rewards which are in keeping with our numbers in society. The day will come when the politicians do the right thing by our people out of political necessity and not out of charity or idealism. That day may not come this year. That day may not come during this decade. But it will come, someday! And when that day comes, we shall see the fulfillment of that passage from the Book of Matthew in the New Testament, "That the last shall be first and the first shall be last." And on that day, our nation shall fulfill its creed — and that fulfillment shall enrich us all.

[[File:08-15-1964 20069 Martin Luther King (4086739403) greyBack.jpg|thumb| As we enter a new decade, it should be clear to all of us that... we have miles to go before we reach the promised land. The men who rule this country today never learned the lessons of Dr. King, they never learned that non-violence is the only way to peace and justice. Our nation continues to wage war upon its neighbors, and upon itself.]]

=== Lessons of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1990)===
:[http://www.aztlan.net/cesarMLK.htm Speech (12 January 1990) ]

* Dr. King was a powerful figure of destiny, of courage, of sacrifice, and of vision. Few people in the long history of this nation can rival his accomplishment, his reason, or his selfless dedication to the cause of peace and social justice. Today we honor a wise teacher, an inspiring leader, and a true visionary, but to truly honor Dr. King we must do more than say words of praise. We must learn his lessons and put his views into practice, so that we may truly be free at last.

* Many people will tell you of his wonderful qualities and his many accomplishments, but what makes him special to me, the truth many people don't want you to remember, is that Dr. king was a great activist, fighting for radical social change with radical methods. While other people talked about change, Dr. King used direct action to challenge the system. He welcomed it, and used it wisely.

* Dr. King was also radical in his beliefs about violence. He learned how to successfully fight hatred and violence with the unstoppable power of nonviolence. He once stopped an armed mob, saying: "We are not advocating violence. We want to love our enemies. I want you to love our enemies. Be good to them. This is what we live by. We must meet hate with love."

* My friends, as we enter a new decade, it should be clear to all of us that there is an unfinished agenda, that we have miles to go before we reach the promised land. The men who rule this country today never learned the lessons of Dr. King, they never learned that non-violence is the only way to peace and justice. Our nation continues to wage war upon its neighbors, and upon itself.

* My friends, the time for action is upon us. The enemies of justice wants you to think of Dr. King as only a civil rights leader, but he had a much broader agenda. He was a tireless crusader for the rights of the poor, for an end to the war in Vietnam long before it was popular to take that stand, and for the rights of workers everywhere. Many people find it convenient to forget that Martin was murdered while supporting a desperate strike on that tragic day in Memphis, Tennessee. He died while fighting for the rights of sanitation workers. Dr. King's dedication to the rights of the workers who are so often exploited by the forces of greed has profoundly touched my life and guided my struggle.

* Just as Dr. King was a disciple of Gandhi and Christ, we must now be Dr. King's disciples. Dr. King challenged us to work for a greater humanity. I only hope that we are worthy of his challenge.

== Quotes about Chávez ==
* One of the heroic figures of our time.
** [[Robert F. Kennedy]]

* Our separate struggles are really one. A struggle for freedom, for dignity, and for humanity. … You and your valiant fellow workers have demonstrated your commitment to righting grievous wrongs forced upon exploited people. We are together with you in spirit and determination that our dreams for a better tomorrow will be realized.
** [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]], in a telegram to Chavez during his first fast. (1968)

* Many years ago, when I was merely a vegetarian, I met the great Cesar Chavez, and he said to me: "If you are interested in preventing [[animal]] suffering, the first thing you should give up is eggs and milk, because the animals who produce those foods lead the most unhappy lives. You would do better to eat meat and stop eating eggs and dairy products." I was shocked, since I had no intention of eating meat but had never thought of giving up eggs or dairy products. But when I looked into it I realized he was right, and now, years later, after I have studied the matter up close, I know for certain that he was completely correct about the cruel treatment of the animals raised for such products. The advantages of a [[Veganism|vegan]] diet are enormous for our health, for the environment, for the animals themselves.
** [[Jeffrey Moussaieff Masson]], ''[https://books.google.it/books?id=RbxeFLpNnxUC&pg=PA0 The Pig Who Sang to the Moon: The Emotional World of Farm Animals]'' (Ballantine Books, 2004), Conclusion, p. 226.

==External links==
{{wikipedia}}
* [http://www.ufw.org/_page.php?menu=research&inc=history/07.html "The Story of Cesar Chavez"] United Farmworker's official biography of Chavez
* [http://deanofstudents.utexas.edu/cesarchavez/his2.html "The Chavez Legacy"] ~ University of Texas
* [http://www.medaloffreedom.com/CesarChavez.htm Presidential Medal of Freedom]
* [http://clnet.ucla.edu/research/chavez/ "Si Se Puede! Cesar E. Chavez and His Legacy" at UCLA]
* [http://chavezfoundation.org/ Cesar Chavez Foundation]
* [http://www.pbs.org/itvs/fightfields/index.html The Fight in the Fields: Cesar Chavez and the Farmworker's Struggle] ''PBS'' Documentary
* [http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/calheritage/UFW/ "The 1965 Grape Boycott: A Case Study in Strategy"]
* [http://www.dirtandsky.org Musical inspired by the life of Cesar Chavez]
* [http://myhero.com/myhero/hero.asp?hero=c_chavez Chávez at ''The My Hero Project'']
* [http://farmworkermovement.us/ Farmworker Movement Documentation Project]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chavez, Cesar}}
[[Category:Activists from the United States]]
[[Category:Civil rights activists]]
[[Category:Human rights activists]]
[[Category:Labor activists]]
[[Category:Anti-war activists]]
[[Category:American labor union leaders]]
[[Category:New Left]]
[[Category:Gandhians]]
[[Category:1927 births]]
[[Category:1993 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Arizona]]
[[Category:Vegetarians]]
[[Category:Catholics from the United States]]
[[Category:Christian nonviolence]]